1
|
Cisse A, Desfosses A, Stainer S, Kandiah E, Traore DAK, Bezault A, Schachner-Nedherer AL, Leitinger G, Hoerl G, Hinterdorfer P, Gutsche I, Prassl R, Peters J, Kornmueller K. Targeting structural flexibility in low density lipoprotein by integrating cryo-electron microscopy and high-speed atomic force microscopy. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 252:126345. [PMID: 37619685 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) plays a crucial role in cholesterol metabolism. Responsible for cholesterol transport from the liver to the organs, LDL accumulation in the arteries is a primary cause of cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis. This work focuses on the fundamental question of the LDL molecular structure, as well as the topology and molecular motions of apolipoprotein B-100 (apo B-100), which is addressed by single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and high-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM). Our results suggest a revised model of the LDL core organization with respect to the cholesterol ester (CE) arrangement. In addition, a high-density region close to the flattened poles could be identified, likely enriched in free cholesterol. The most remarkable new details are two protrusions on the LDL surface, attributed to the protein apo B-100. HS-AFM adds the dimension of time and reveals for the first time a highly dynamic direct description of LDL, where we could follow large domain fluctuations of the protrusions in real time. To tackle the inherent flexibility and heterogeneity of LDL, the cryo-EM maps are further assessed by 3D variability analysis. Our study gives a detailed explanation how to approach the intrinsic flexibility of a complex system comprising lipids and protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aline Cisse
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LiPhy, Grenoble, France; Institut Laue-Langevin, Grenoble, France
| | - Ambroise Desfosses
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IBS, Grenoble, France
| | - Sarah Stainer
- Department of Experimental Applied Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | | | - Daouda A K Traore
- Institut Laue-Langevin, Grenoble, France; Faculté de Pharmacie, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali; Faculty of Natural Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK
| | - Armel Bezault
- Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, UAR3033/US001, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, INSERM 2, Pessac, France; Structural Image Analysis Unit, Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3528, Paris, France
| | - Anna-Laurence Schachner-Nedherer
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical Physics and Biophysics Division, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerd Leitinger
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerd Hoerl
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Physiological Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Peter Hinterdorfer
- Department of Experimental Applied Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Irina Gutsche
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IBS, Grenoble, France
| | - Ruth Prassl
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical Physics and Biophysics Division, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Judith Peters
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LiPhy, Grenoble, France; Institut Laue-Langevin, Grenoble, France; Institut Universitaire de France, France.
| | - Karin Kornmueller
- Institut Laue-Langevin, Grenoble, France; Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical Physics and Biophysics Division, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Erden F. Graphene Oxide/Cholesterol-Substituted Zinc Phthalocyanine Composites with Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy Properties. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:7060. [PMID: 38004990 PMCID: PMC10672206 DOI: 10.3390/ma16227060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, cholesterol (Chol)-substituted zinc phthalocyanine (Chol-ZnPc) and its composite with graphene oxide (GO) were prepared for photodynamic therapy (PDT) applications. Briefly, Chol-substituted phthalonitrile (Chol-phthalonitrile) was synthesized first through the substitution of Chol to the phthalonitrile group over the oxygen bridge. Then, Chol-ZnPc was synthesized by a tetramerization reaction of Chol-phthalonitrile with ZnCl2 in a basic medium. Following this, GO was introduced to Chol-ZnPc, and the successful preparation of the samples was verified through FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1H-NMR, MALDI-TOF MS, SEM, and elemental analysis. Regarding PDT properties, we report that Chol-ZnPc exhibited a singlet oxygen quantum yield (Φ∆) of 0.54, which is slightly lower than unsubstituted ZnPc. Upon introduction of GO, the GO/Chol-ZnPc composite exhibited a higher Φ∆, about 0.78, than that of unsubstituted ZnPc. Moreover, this enhancement was realized with a simultaneous improvement in fluorescence quantum yield (ΦF) to 0.36. In addition, DPPH results suggest low antioxidant activity in the composite despite the presence of GO. Overall, GO/Chol-ZnPc might provide combined benefits for PDT, particularly in terms of image guidance and singlet oxygen generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuat Erden
- Department of Aeronautical Engineering, Sivas University of Science and Technology, 58000 Sivas, Türkiye
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Takeda S, Hamamuki A, Ushirogata K, Takasuka TE. Binding properties of recombinant LDL receptor and LOX-1 receptor to LDL measured using bio-layer interferometry and atomic force microscopy. Biophys Chem 2023; 300:107069. [PMID: 37385179 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2023.107069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Oxidation of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) triggers a recognition by scavenger receptors such as lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1) and is related to inflammation and cardiovascular diseases. Although LDLs that are recognized by LOX-1 can be risk-related LDLs, conventional LDL detection methods using commercially available recombinant receptors remain undeveloped. Using a bio-layer interferometry (BLI), we investigated the binding of recombinant LOX-1 (reLOX-1) and LDL receptors to the oxidized LDLs. The recombinant LDL receptor preferably bound minimally modified LDLs, while the reLOX-1 recognized extensively oxidized LDLs. An inversed response of the BLI was observed during the binding in the case of reLOX-1. AFM study showed that the extensively oxidized LDLs and aggregates of LDLs were observed on the surface, supporting the results. Altogether, a combined use of these recombinant receptors and the BLI method is useful in detecting high-risk LDLs such as oxidized LDLs and modified LDLs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Takeda
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 15-4-1, Maeda 7-Jo, Teine-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 006-8585, Japan.
| | - Ao Hamamuki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 15-4-1, Maeda 7-Jo, Teine-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 006-8585, Japan
| | - Kanako Ushirogata
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0809, Japan
| | - Taichi E Takasuka
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0809, Japan; Global Station for Food, Land and Water Resources, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0809, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Weber F, Axmann M, Horner A, Schwarzinger B, Weghuber J, Plochberger B. Lipoprotein Particles as Shuttles for Hydrophilic Cargo. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:membranes13050471. [PMID: 37233532 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13050471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Lipoprotein particles (LPs) are excellent transporters and have been intensively studied in cardiovascular diseases, especially regarding parameters such as their class distribution and accumulation, site-specific delivery, cellular internalization, and escape from endo/lysosomal compartments. The aim of the present work is the hydrophilic cargo loading of LPs. As an exemplary proof-of-principle showcase, the glucose metabolism-regulating hormone, insulin, was successfully incorporated into high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles. The incorporation was studied and verified to be successful using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Fluorescence Microscopy (FM). Single-molecule-sensitive FM together with confocal imaging visualized the membrane interaction of single, insulin-loaded HDL particles and the subsequent cellular translocation of glucose transporter type 4 (Glut4).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Weber
- Department of Medical Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, 4020 Linz, Austria
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17164 Solna, Sweden
| | - Markus Axmann
- Department of Medical Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Andreas Horner
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler Universität, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Bettina Schwarzinger
- FFoQSI-Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety & Innovation, 4600 Wels, Austria
| | - Julian Weghuber
- FFoQSI-Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety & Innovation, 4600 Wels, Austria
- Center of Excellence Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, 4600 Wels, Austria
| | - Birgit Plochberger
- Department of Medical Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, 4020 Linz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xia F, Youcef-Toumi K. Review: Advanced Atomic Force Microscopy Modes for Biomedical Research. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:1116. [PMID: 36551083 PMCID: PMC9775674 DOI: 10.3390/bios12121116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Visualization of biomedical samples in their native environments at the microscopic scale is crucial for studying fundamental principles and discovering biomedical systems with complex interaction. The study of dynamic biological processes requires a microscope system with multiple modalities, high spatial/temporal resolution, large imaging ranges, versatile imaging environments and ideally in-situ manipulation capabilities. Recent development of new Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) capabilities has made it such a powerful tool for biological and biomedical research. This review introduces novel AFM functionalities including high-speed imaging for dynamic process visualization, mechanobiology with force spectroscopy, molecular species characterization, and AFM nano-manipulation. These capabilities enable many new possibilities for novel scientific research and allow scientists to observe and explore processes at the nanoscale like never before. Selected application examples from recent studies are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of these AFM techniques.
Collapse
|
6
|
Purifying chylous plasma by precluding triglyceride via carboxylated polyethersulfone microfiltration membrane. Chin J Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2022.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
7
|
Sezgin E. Giant plasma membrane vesicles to study plasma membrane structure and dynamics. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2022; 1864:183857. [PMID: 34990591 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2021.183857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The plasma membrane (PM) is a highly heterogenous structure intertwined with the cortical actin cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix. This complex architecture makes it difficult to study the processes taking place at the PM. Model membrane systems that are simple mimics of the PM overcome this bottleneck and allow us to study the biophysical principles underlying the processes at the PM. Among them, cell-derived giant plasma membrane vesicles (GPMVs) are considered the most physiologically relevant system, retaining the compositional complexity of the PM to a large extent. GPMVs have become a key tool in membrane research in the last few years. In this review, I will provide a brief overview of this system, summarize recent applications and discuss the limitations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erdinc Sezgin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ye Z, Gastfriend BD, Umlauf BJ, Lynn DM, Shusta EV. Antibody-Targeted Liposomes for Enhanced Targeting of the Blood-Brain Barrier. Pharm Res 2022; 39:1523-1534. [PMID: 35169958 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03186-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) hinders therapeutic delivery to the central nervous system (CNS), thereby impeding the development of therapies for brain injury and disease. Receptor-mediated transcytosis (RMT) systems are a promising way to shuttle a targeted therapeutic into the brain. Here, we developed and evaluated an RMT antibody-targeted liposomal system. A previously identified antibody, scFv46.1, that binds to the human and murine BBB and can pass through the murine BBB by transcytosis after intravenous injection was used to decorate the surface of liposomes. Using an in vitro BBB model, we demonstrated the cellular uptake of scFv46.1-modified liposomes (46.1-Lipo). Next, the biodistribution and brain uptake capacity of 46.1-targeted liposomes were assessed after intravenous administration. Our results showed that 46.1-Lipo can lead to increased brain accumulation through targeting of the brain vasculature. Initial rate pharmacokinetic experiments and biodistribution analyses indicated that 46.1-Lipo loaded with pralidoxime exhibited a 10-fold increase in brain accumulation compared with a mock-targeted liposomal group, and this increased accumulation was brain-specific. These studies indicate the potential of this 46.1-Lipo system as a synthetic vehicle for the targeted transport of therapeutic molecules into the CNS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Ye
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Benjamin D Gastfriend
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Benjamin J Umlauf
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School and the Mulva Clinic for the Neurosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - David M Lynn
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Eric V Shusta
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA. .,Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ding T, Zhu J, Guan H, Xia D, Xing Y, Huang J, Wang Z, Cai K, Zhang J. Photothermally Triggered Melting and Perfusion: Responsive Colloidosomes for Cytosolic Delivery of Membrane-Impermeable Drugs in Tumor Therapy. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:1103-1115. [DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02503a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cell membrane barrier which dominates the therapeutic efficacy and systemic side effects is a major bottleneck in the field of drug delivery. Herein, a therapeutic system capable of photothermally triggered...
Collapse
|
10
|
Axmann M, Plochberger B, Mikula M, Weber F, Strobl WM, Stangl H. Plasma Membrane Lipids: An Important Binding Site for All Lipoprotein Classes. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11110882. [PMID: 34832111 PMCID: PMC8622984 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11110882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cholesterol is one of the main constituents of plasma membranes; thus, its supply is of utmost importance. This review covers the known mechanisms of cholesterol transfer from circulating lipoprotein particles to the plasma membrane, and vice versa. To achieve homeostasis, the human body utilizes cellular de novo synthesis and extracellular transport particles for supply of cholesterol and other lipids via the blood stream. These lipoprotein particles can be classified according to their density: chylomicrons, very low, low, and high-density lipoprotein (VLDL, LDL, and HDL, respectively). They deliver and receive their lipid loads, most importantly cholesterol, to and from cells by several redundant routes. Defects in one of these pathways (e.g., due to mutations in receptors) usually are not immediately fatal. Several redundant pathways, at least temporarily, compensate for the loss of one or more of them, but the defects trigger systemic diseases, such as atherosclerosis later on. Recently, intracellular membrane–membrane contact sites were shown to be involved in intracellular cholesterol transfer and the plasma membrane itself has been proposed to act as a binding site for lipoprotein-mediated cargo unloading.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Axmann
- School of Medical Engineering and Applied Social Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Garnisonstrasse 21, 4020 Linz, Austria; (M.A.); (B.P.); (F.W.)
| | - Birgit Plochberger
- School of Medical Engineering and Applied Social Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Garnisonstrasse 21, 4020 Linz, Austria; (M.A.); (B.P.); (F.W.)
| | - Mario Mikula
- Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Institute for Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Währingerstrasse 10, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Florian Weber
- School of Medical Engineering and Applied Social Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Garnisonstrasse 21, 4020 Linz, Austria; (M.A.); (B.P.); (F.W.)
| | - Witta Monika Strobl
- Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Institute for Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Vienna, Währingerstrasse 10, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Herbert Stangl
- Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Institute for Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Vienna, Währingerstrasse 10, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Perissinotto F, Rondelli V, Senigagliesi B, Brocca P, Almásy L, Bottyán L, Merkel DG, Amenitsch H, Sartori B, Pachler K, Mayr M, Gimona M, Rohde E, Casalis L, Parisse P. Structural insights into fusion mechanisms of small extracellular vesicles with model plasma membranes. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:5224-5233. [PMID: 33687046 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr09075a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a potent intercellular communication system. Such small vesicles transport biomolecules between cells and throughout the body, strongly influencing the fate of recipient cells. Due to their specific biological functions they have been proposed as biomarkers for various diseases and as optimal candidates for therapeutic applications. Despite their extreme biological relevance, their mechanisms of interaction with the membranes of recipient cells are still hotly debated. Here, we propose a multiscale investigation based on atomic force microscopy, small angle X-ray scattering, small angle neutron scattering and neutron reflectometry to reveal structure-function correlations of purified EVs in interaction with model membrane systems of variable complex compositions and to spot the role of different membrane phases on the vesicle internalization routes. Our analysis reveals strong interactions of EVs with the model membranes and preferentially with the borders of protruding phase domains. Moreover, we found that upon vesicle breaking on the model membrane surface, the biomolecules carried by/on EVs diffuse with different kinetics rates, in a process distinct from simple fusion. The biophysical platform proposed here has clear implications on the modulation of EV internalization routes by targeting specific domains at the plasma cell membrane and, as a consequence, on EV-based therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Perissinotto
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste, Italy. and Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, INSERM U1019, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Valeria Rondelli
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | | | - Paola Brocca
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | | | - László Bottyán
- Centre for Energy Research, Budapest, Hungary and Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dániel Géza Merkel
- Centre for Energy Research, Budapest, Hungary and Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Heinz Amenitsch
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Barbara Sartori
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Karin Pachler
- GMP Unit, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria and Research Program "Nanovesicular Therapies", Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Magdalena Mayr
- GMP Unit, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Mario Gimona
- GMP Unit, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria and Research Program "Nanovesicular Therapies", Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Eva Rohde
- Research Program "Nanovesicular Therapies", Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria and Department of Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital, Salzburger Landeskliniken, Austria
| | | | - Pietro Parisse
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste, Italy. and CNR-IOM, Trieste, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cao JF, Xu W, Zhang YY, Shu Y, Wang JH. Chondroitin sulfate-enriched hierarchical multichannel polydopamine nanoparticles with ultrahigh sorption capacity for separation of low-density lipoprotein. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:1980-1987. [PMID: 33595048 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00012h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A hierarchical multichannel polydopamine (HMPDA) nanoparticle with ample chondroitin sulfate (CS) is fabricated via modification of the silane coupling agent (APTES), followed by grafting CS on the unique bicontinuous open channels of HMPDA through amidation reaction. The obtained nanoparticles with both mesopores and macropores, abbreviated as HMPDA-A-CS15, possess a total pore volume of 0.3398 cm3 g-1, and a large surface area up to 69.10 m2 g-1. The as-prepared HMPDA-A-CS15 exhibits significantly enhanced selectivity for the separation of LDL, which is attributed to the specific recognition effect of CS for LDL. Furthermore, the unique large open channels endow the HMPDA-A-CS15 nanoparticles with a gratifying sorption capacity (1015.2 mg g-1) for LDL adsorption. The captured LDL can be stripped using 0.5% (v/v) ammonia solution with the advantage of easy atomization in downstream mass spectrometry (MS) analyses, and a recovery of 71.7% is achieved. Moreover, HMPDA-A-CS15 is further employed in the enrichment of LDL, which can be separated from the complex serum of simulated hypercholesterolemia patients with a favorable adsorption performance, as illustrated by the SDS-PAGE technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Fang Cao
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China.
| | - Wang Xu
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China.
| | - Yao-Yao Zhang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China.
| | - Yang Shu
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China.
| | - Jian-Hua Wang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cao JF, Xu W, Zhang YY, Shu Y, Wang JH. A Salt Stimulus-Responsive Nanohydrogel for Controlled Fishing Low-Density Lipoprotein with Superior Adsorption Capacity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:4583-4592. [PMID: 33448218 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c21150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A salt-responsive nanoplatform is constructed through a simple tactic by tethering zwitterionic nanohydrogels (NGs) on a carboxylated silica (SiO2-COOH) framework. Chondroitin sulfate (CS), with a specific recognition effect for low-density lipoprotein (LDL), is modified to NGs by amidation reaction. Water retention and swelling properties of NGs are greatly enhanced in a saline environment attributed to the anti-polyelectrolyte effect. It endows the SiO2-NGs-CS framework a sensitive salt-responsive property, and thus, more CS moieties are exposed. The controlled adsorption of LDL with an adsorption efficiency of 7.2 to 93% is achieved by adjusting the concentration of MgCl2 from 0 to 0.1 mol L-1. SiO2-NGs-CS exhibits excellent adsorption capacity for fishing LDL, acquiring the highest adsorption capacity of 898.1 mg g-1. Moreover, SiO2-NGs-CS shows superior selectivity to the other three proteins with similar isoelectric points (pIs) to LDL. The captured LDL is readily stripped by 0.2% (m/m) SDS with a recovery of 95.4%. The superior separation performance of SiO2-NGs-CS is demonstrated by the isolation and selective discrimination of LDL from the simulated serum of hypercholesterolemia patients, as illustrated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis assays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Fang Cao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Wang Xu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Yao-Yao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Yang Shu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Jian-Hua Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Plochberger B, Sych T, Weber F, Novacek J, Axmann M, Stangl H, Sezgin E. Lipoprotein Particles Interact with Membranes and Transfer Their Cargo without Receptors. Biochemistry 2020; 59:4421-4428. [PMID: 33147967 PMCID: PMC7677925 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Lipid transfer from lipoprotein particles to cells is essential for lipid homeostasis. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles are mainly captured by cell membrane-associated scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-B1) from the bloodstream, while low-density and very-low-density lipoprotein (LDL and VLDL, respectively) particles are mostly taken up by receptor-mediated endocytosis. However, the role of the target lipid membrane itself in the transfer process has been largely neglected so far. Here, we study how lipoprotein particles (HDL, LDL, and VLDL) interact with synthetic lipid bilayers and cell-derived membranes and transfer their cargo subsequently. Employing cryo-electron microscopy, spectral imaging, and fluorescence (cross) correlation spectroscopy allowed us to observe integration of all major types of lipoprotein particles into the membrane and delivery of their cargo in a receptor-independent manner. Importantly, the biophysical properties of the target cell membranes change upon delivery of cargo. The concept of receptor-independent interaction of lipoprotein particles with membranes helps us to better understand lipoprotein particle biology and can be exploited for novel treatments of dyslipidemia diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Plochberger
- TU Wien, Institute of Applied Physics, Vienna 1040, Austria.,Johannes Kepler University Linz, Institute of Biophysics, Linz 4020, Austria.,Upper Austria University of Applied Sciences, Campus Linz, Linz 4020, Austria
| | - Taras Sych
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Florian Weber
- Upper Austria University of Applied Sciences, Campus Linz, Linz 4020, Austria.,Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Jiri Novacek
- CEITEC, Masaryk University, University Campus Bohunice, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Markus Axmann
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Institute of Medical Chemistry, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Herbert Stangl
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Institute of Medical Chemistry, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden.,MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chandra NC. Atherosclerosis and carcinoma: Two facets of dysfunctional cholesterol homeostasis. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 34:e22595. [PMID: 32761975 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although cholesterol is an essential and necessary component for biological systems; inappropriate accumulation of cholesterol in blood vessels and intracellular territory is also detrimental to living things. On one hand, cholesterol is the acting precursor of many metabolic regulators, a component of the structural veracity and scaffold fluidity of biomembranes, an insulator of electrical transmission in nerves and many more; on the other hand, its deposition in blood vessels induces atherosclerotic plaque and cardiovascular complications with the consequences of heart attack and stroke. It is also an emerging fact that cholesterol is a prelate in the cell nucleus for cell proliferation and any oddity in this venture may be the cause of tumorigenesis. Hence, cholesterol homeostasis is a very crucial element in issues of health management. Cholesterol is now a global target for maintaining quality health, particularly to control the two giants of the present world health tragedy: atherosclerosis and carcinoma, which appear to be the two facets of dysfunctional cholesterol homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nimai C Chandra
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chen X, Guo Q, Dong S, Chen J, Xie S, Ma D, Chen L, Yang H, Huang Y, Peng Y. Distribution, Trafficking, and in Vitro Photodynamic Therapy Efficacy of Cholesterol Silicon(IV) Phthalocyanine and Its Nanoparticles in Breast Cancer Cells. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:5976-5984. [PMID: 35021518 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A cholesterol silicon(IV) phthalocyanine (Chol-Pc) and a water-soluble Chol-Pc based nanoparticle (DSPE@Chol-Pc), which was prepared using 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy(poly(ethylene glycol))-2000] (DSPE-PEG2000) as a nanocarrier were developed. Chol-Pc readily distributed within the cholesterol-rich domains and was preferentially localized in the Golgi apparatus after being transported into the cells. The trafficking of DSPE@Chol-Pc in breast cancer cells was visualized by tracking the fluorescence of Chol-Pc and FITC-labeled DSPE-PEG2000 through two-photonic imaging in real-time. It was discovered that Chol-Pc disassociated from the DSPE-PEG2000 on the plasma membrane and traveled to the cholesterol-rich domains soon afterward. Both DSPE@Chol-Pc and Chol-Pc effectively mediated photodynamic therapy to kill the breast cancer cells. After light irradiation, we found that the organizations of clustered cholesterol-rich domains in cells were destroyed, presumably leading to the death of cells for photodynamic therapy. It should be noted that DSPE@Chol-Pc is highly soluble in aqueous solution and has strong red fluorescence under two-photon excitation. Thus, it could be an excellent probe for detecting cholesterol-rich domains and studying transport processes of cholesterol in living cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqin Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiumei Guo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shiqing Dong
- College of Photonic & Electronic Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianling Chen
- College of Photonic & Electronic Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shusen Xie
- College of Photonic & Electronic Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dongdong Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Limin Chen
- Affiliate Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Hongqin Yang
- College of Photonic & Electronic Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yide Huang
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yiru Peng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.,College of Photonic & Electronic Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhou J, Sekatskii S, Welc R, Dietler G, Gruszecki WI. The role of xanthophylls in the supramolecular organization of the photosynthetic complex LHCII in lipid membranes studied by high-resolution imaging and nanospectroscopy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2019; 1861:148117. [PMID: 31734197 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2019.148117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The xanthophyll cycle is a regulatory mechanism operating in the photosynthetic apparatus of plants. It consists of the conversion of the xanthophyll pigment violaxanthin to zeaxanthin, and vice versa, in response to light intensity. According to the current understanding, one of the modes of regulatory activity of the cycle is associated with the influence on a molecular organization of pigment-protein complexes. In the present work, we analyzed the effect of violaxanthin and zeaxanthin on the molecular organization of the LHCII complex, in the environment of membranes formed with chloroplast lipids. Nanoscale imaging based on atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed that the presence of exogenous xanthophylls promotes the formation of the protein supramolecular structures. Nanoscale infrared (IR) absorption analysis based on AFM-IR nanospectroscopy suggests that zeaxanthin promotes the formation of LHCII supramolecular structures by forming inter-molecular β-structures. Meanwhile, the molecules of violaxanthin act as "molecular spacers" preventing self-aggregation of the protein, potentially leading to uncontrolled dissipation of excitation energy in the complex. This latter mechanism was demonstrated with the application of fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy. The intensity-averaged chlorophyll a fluorescence lifetime determined in the LHCII samples without exogenous xanthophylls at the level of 0.72 ns was longer in the samples containing exogenous violaxanthin (2.14 ns), but shorter under the presence of zeaxanthin (0.49 ns) thus suggesting a role of this xanthophyll in promotion of the formation of structures characterized by effective excitation quenching. This mechanism can be considered as a representation of the overall photoprotective activity of the xanthophyll cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Zhou
- Laboratory of Physics of Living Matter, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sergey Sekatskii
- Laboratory of Physics of Living Matter, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Renata Welc
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Physics, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Giovanni Dietler
- Laboratory of Physics of Living Matter, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Wieslaw I Gruszecki
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Physics, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Phospholipid packing defects and oxysterols in atherosclerosis: Dietary prevention and the French paradox. Biochimie 2019; 167:145-151. [PMID: 31586653 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The research literature on atherosclerosis includes findings investigating the atherosclerotic effect of oxysterols, which are the oxidation products of cholesterol; and the literature on oxysterols refers to mechanisms by which oxysterols cause phospholipid packing defects in cell membranes. This review synthesizes these two bodies of research findings to describe how oxysterols cause phospholipid packing defects within the membranes of vascular endothelial cells, potentially increasing cell permeability of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol which may lead to atheroma formation. Exogenous sources of oxysterols are provided by dietary intake of animal-based foods that contain cholesterol oxidation products. This review proposes an explanation for the anti-atherosclerotic effect of plant-based dietary patterns, which is attributed to restriction or avoidance of dietary oxysterol intake from animal-based foods. Furthermore, raw-milk cheeses play an important role in the traditional French diet-low oxysterol content in these unheated foods may contribute to the French paradox, in which reduced coronary heart disease is associated with a diet high in saturated fat and cholesterol.
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
Cholesterol homeostasis is of central importance for life. Therefore, cells have developed a divergent set of pathways to meet their cholesterol needs. In this review, we focus on the direct transfer of cholesterol from lipoprotein particles to the cell membrane. More molecular details on the transfer of lipoprotein-derived lipids were gained by recent studies using phospholipid bilayers. While amphiphilic lipids are transferred right after contact of the lipoprotein particle with the membrane, the transfer of core lipids is restricted. Amphiphilic lipid transfer gains special importance in genetic diseases impairing lipoprotein metabolism like familial hypercholesterolemia. Taken together, these data indicate that there is a constant exchange of amphiphilic lipids between lipoprotein particles and the cell membrane.
Collapse
|