1
|
Mathiesen JK, Ashberry HM, Pokratath R, Gamler JTL, Wang B, Kirsch A, Kjær ETS, Banerjee S, Jensen KMØ, Skrabalak SE. Why Colloidal Syntheses of Bimetallic Nanoparticles Cannot be Generalized. ACS NANO 2024; 18:26937-26947. [PMID: 39297869 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c08835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/02/2024]
Abstract
Introducing one general synthesis to form bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) could accelerate the discovery of NPs for promising energy applications. Although colloidal syntheses can provide precise structural and morphological control of bimetallic NPs, the complex chemical nature of multicomponent syntheses challenges the realization of such synthetic simplicity. Common synthetic issues are frequently ascribed to the variation in metal ion precursor reactivities and complex chemical interactions between the different metal surfaces and capping agents employed. However, no systematic studies have shown how these factors compete to ultimately assign the factor limiting the mixing and formation of bimetallic NPs. Here, we provide a parametric investigation of how the intrinsic standard reduction potentials (E0red) of the metal ions and cocapping agents influence the formation of bimetallic AuCu, AuPd, and PdCu NPs. Using a combination of in situ X-ray total scattering along with transmission electron microscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we illustrate the multifunctional role of the cocapping agents through interactions with both the metal ion precursors and NP surfaces to stabilize metastable structures. Additionally, we demonstrate how system-specific side reactions and the local metal ion coordination environment can be used to selectively tune the formation kinetics, structure, and morphology of bimetallic NPs. Ultimately, these insights show that the chemical interactions rather than the intrinsic E0red are responsible for the formation of bimetallic NPs. Broadly, these insights should aid the synthetic design of tailored multimetallic NPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jette K Mathiesen
- Department of Chemistry and Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Hannah M Ashberry
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University-Bloomington, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Rohan Pokratath
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 22, BPR 1096, Basel 4058, Switzerland
| | - Jocelyn T L Gamler
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University-Bloomington, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Baiyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Andrea Kirsch
- Department of Chemistry and Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Emil T S Kjær
- Department of Chemistry and Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Soham Banerjee
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Notkestrasse 85, Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - Kirsten M Ø Jensen
- Department of Chemistry and Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Sara E Skrabalak
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University-Bloomington, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wei P, Chen S, Luo R, Sun G, Wu K, Fu D, Zhao ZJ, Pei C, Yan N, Gong J. Stable and homogeneous intermetallic alloys by atomic gas-migration for propane dehydrogenation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:8157. [PMID: 39289393 PMCID: PMC11408692 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52518-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Intermetallic nanoparticles (NPs) possess significant potentials for catalytic applications, yet their production presents challenges as achieving the disorder-to-order transition during the atom ordering process involves overcoming a kinetic energy barrier. Here, we demonstrate a robust approach utilizing atomic gas-migration for the in-situ synthesis of stable and homogeneous intermetallic alloys for propane dehydrogenation (PDH). This approach relies on the physical mixture of two separately supported metal species in one reactor. The synthesized platinum-zinc intermetallic catalysts demonstrate exceptional stability for 1300 h in continuous propane dehydrogenation under industrially relevant industrial conditions, with extending 95% propylene selectivity and propane conversions approaching thermodynamic equilibrium values at 550-600 oC. In situ characterizations and density functional theory/molecular dynamics simulation reveal Zn atoms adsorb on the particle surface and then diffuse inward, aiding in the formation of ultrasmall and highly ordered intermetallic alloys. This in-situ gas-migration strategy is applicable to a wide range of intermetallic systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Wei
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University; Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
- International Joint Laboratory of Low-carbon Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, China
- National Industry-Education Platform of Energy Storage, Tianjin University, 135 Yaguan Road, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Sai Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University; Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
- International Joint Laboratory of Low-carbon Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Ran Luo
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University; Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
- International Joint Laboratory of Low-carbon Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Guodong Sun
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University; Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
- International Joint Laboratory of Low-carbon Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Kexin Wu
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University; Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Donglong Fu
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University; Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
- International Joint Laboratory of Low-carbon Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Zhi-Jian Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University; Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
- International Joint Laboratory of Low-carbon Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, China
- National Industry-Education Platform of Energy Storage, Tianjin University, 135 Yaguan Road, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Chunlei Pei
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University; Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
- International Joint Laboratory of Low-carbon Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Ning Yan
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Jinlong Gong
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China.
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University; Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China.
- International Joint Laboratory of Low-carbon Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300350, China.
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, China.
- National Industry-Education Platform of Energy Storage, Tianjin University, 135 Yaguan Road, Tianjin, 300350, China.
- Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lin F, Li M, Zeng L, Luo M, Guo S. Intermetallic Nanocrystals for Fuel-Cells-Based Electrocatalysis. Chem Rev 2023; 123:12507-12593. [PMID: 37910391 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Electrocatalysis underpins the renewable electrochemical conversions for sustainability, which further replies on metallic nanocrystals as vital electrocatalysts. Intermetallic nanocrystals have been known to show distinct properties compared to their disordered counterparts, and been long explored for functional improvements. Tremendous progresses have been made in the past few years, with notable trend of more precise engineering down to an atomic level and the investigation transferring into more practical membrane electrode assembly (MEA), which motivates this timely review. After addressing the basic thermodynamic and kinetic fundamentals, we discuss classic and latest synthetic strategies that enable not only the formation of intermetallic phase but also the rational control of other catalysis-determinant structural parameters, such as size and morphology. We also demonstrate the emerging intermetallic nanomaterials for potentially further advancement in energy electrocatalysis. Then, we discuss the state-of-the-art characterizations and representative intermetallic electrocatalysts with emphasis on oxygen reduction reaction evaluated in a MEA setup. We summarize this review by laying out existing challenges and offering perspective on future research directions toward practicing intermetallic electrocatalysts for energy conversions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangxu Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Innovation Centre for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Menggang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lingyou Zeng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Mingchuan Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shaojun Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Innovation Centre for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yun Q, Ge Y, Shi Z, Liu J, Wang X, Zhang A, Huang B, Yao Y, Luo Q, Zhai L, Ge J, Peng Y, Gong C, Zhao M, Qin Y, Ma C, Wang G, Wa Q, Zhou X, Li Z, Li S, Zhai W, Yang H, Ren Y, Wang Y, Li L, Ruan X, Wu Y, Chen B, Lu Q, Lai Z, He Q, Huang X, Chen Y, Zhang H. Recent Progress on Phase Engineering of Nanomaterials. Chem Rev 2023. [PMID: 37962496 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
As a key structural parameter, phase depicts the arrangement of atoms in materials. Normally, a nanomaterial exists in its thermodynamically stable crystal phase. With the development of nanotechnology, nanomaterials with unconventional crystal phases, which rarely exist in their bulk counterparts, or amorphous phase have been prepared using carefully controlled reaction conditions. Together these methods are beginning to enable phase engineering of nanomaterials (PEN), i.e., the synthesis of nanomaterials with unconventional phases and the transformation between different phases, to obtain desired properties and functions. This Review summarizes the research progress in the field of PEN. First, we present representative strategies for the direct synthesis of unconventional phases and modulation of phase transformation in diverse kinds of nanomaterials. We cover the synthesis of nanomaterials ranging from metal nanostructures such as Au, Ag, Cu, Pd, and Ru, and their alloys; metal oxides, borides, and carbides; to transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and 2D layered materials. We review synthesis and growth methods ranging from wet-chemical reduction and seed-mediated epitaxial growth to chemical vapor deposition (CVD), high pressure phase transformation, and electron and ion-beam irradiation. After that, we summarize the significant influence of phase on the various properties of unconventional-phase nanomaterials. We also discuss the potential applications of the developed unconventional-phase nanomaterials in different areas including catalysis, electrochemical energy storage (batteries and supercapacitors), solar cells, optoelectronics, and sensing. Finally, we discuss existing challenges and future research directions in PEN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinbai Yun
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering & Energy Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yiyao Ge
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhenyu Shi
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiawei Liu
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 627833, Singapore
| | - Xixi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - An Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Biao Huang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qinxin Luo
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jingjie Ge
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Yongwu Peng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Chengtao Gong
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Meiting Zhao
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yutian Qin
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chen Ma
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qingbo Wa
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xichen Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zijian Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siyuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yongji Wang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lujing Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xinyang Ruan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuxuan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qipeng Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhuangchai Lai
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qiyuan He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (SoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Guo J, Jiao S, Ya X, Zheng H, Wang R, Yu J, Wang H, Zhang Z, Liu W, He C, Fu X. Intermetallic Nanocrystals: Seed-Mediated Synthesis and Applications in Electrocatalytic Reduction Reactions. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202221. [PMID: 36066483 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, intermetallic nanocrystals (IMNCs) have attracted extensive attention in the field of electrocatalysis. However, precise control over the size, shape, composition, structure, and exposed crystal facet of IMNCs seems to be a challenge to the traditional method of high-temperature annealing although these parameters have a significant effect on the electrocatalytic performance. Controllable synthesis of IMNCs by the wet chemistry method in the liquid phase shows great potential compared with the traditional high-temperature annealing method. In this Review, we attempt to summarize the preparation of IMNCs by the seed-mediated synthesis in the liquid phase, as well as their applications in electrocatalytic reduction reactions. Several representative examples are purposely selected for highlighting the huge potential of the seed-mediated synthesis approach in chemical synthesis. Specifically, we personally perceive the seed-mediated synthesis approach as a promising tool in the future for precise control over the size, shape, composition, structure, and exposed crystal facet of IMNCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingchun Guo
- Department of Experimental and Practical Teaching Management, West Anhui University, Lu'an, Anhui, 237012, P.R. China
| | - Shilong Jiao
- Department School of Materials, Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475001, P.R. China
| | - Xiuying Ya
- Department of Experimental and Practical Teaching Management, West Anhui University, Lu'an, Anhui, 237012, P.R. China
| | - Huiling Zheng
- Department of Experimental and Practical Teaching Management, West Anhui University, Lu'an, Anhui, 237012, P.R. China
| | - Ran Wang
- Department of Experimental and Practical Teaching Management, West Anhui University, Lu'an, Anhui, 237012, P.R. China
| | - Jiao Yu
- Department of Experimental and Practical Teaching Management, West Anhui University, Lu'an, Anhui, 237012, P.R. China
| | - Huanyu Wang
- Department of Experimental and Practical Teaching Management, West Anhui University, Lu'an, Anhui, 237012, P.R. China
| | - Zhilin Zhang
- Department of Experimental and Practical Teaching Management, West Anhui University, Lu'an, Anhui, 237012, P.R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Experimental and Practical Teaching Management, West Anhui University, Lu'an, Anhui, 237012, P.R. China
| | - Congxiao He
- Department of Experimental and Practical Teaching Management, West Anhui University, Lu'an, Anhui, 237012, P.R. China
| | - Xucheng Fu
- Department of Experimental and Practical Teaching Management, West Anhui University, Lu'an, Anhui, 237012, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kuang S, Li M, Chen X, Chi H, Lin J, Hu Z, Hu S, Zhang S, Ma X. Intermetallic CuAu nanoalloy for stable electrochemical CO2 reduction. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.108013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
7
|
Wu Y, Han S, Li Y, Shen W. Fabrication of monodisperse gold-copper nanocubes and AuCu-cuprous sulfide heterodimers by a step-wise polyol reduction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 626:136-145. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.06.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
|
8
|
Bhatia G, Jagirdar BR. Co-digestive ripening assisted phase-controlled synthesis of Ag-Sn intermetallic nanoparticles and their dye degradation activity. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:12147-12160. [PMID: 35876754 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01438f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Ag-Sn based system in the nano-size regime is one of the strongest candidates for lead-free solders. Besides, the investigation of several other applications of Ag-Sn nanostructures, especially in catalysis, remains scarce which makes it an interesting system to synthesize and explore its chemistry. In this report, nearly monodisperse ε-Ag3Sn intermetallic nanoparticles were prepared by a simple and convenient solution-based process of co-digestive ripening using Ag and Sn colloids obtained by the solvated metal atom dispersion (SMAD) method. Optimization of the temperature and stoichiometric ratio between the metal elements and the use of an appropriate capping agent are crucial factors to realise phase pure intermetallic nanoparticles. Ag3Sn nanoparticles with a size of 3.8 nm ± 0.6 nm were obtained within 12 h of reaction when tri-n-octylphosphine/tri-n-octylphosphine oxide was used as the capping agent at 205 °C. Interestingly, Ag3Sn@SnOx core-shell nanostructures were obtained by changing the capping agent to palmitic acid. These nanostructures were thoroughly characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM and STEM-EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and optical spectroscopy. Thereafter, Ag and Ag3Sn nanoparticles were utilized for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue, methyl orange and a mixture of both the dyes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geetanjali Bhatia
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560012, India.
| | - Balaji R Jagirdar
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560012, India.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mathiesen JK, Bøjesen ED, Pedersen JK, Kjaer ETS, Juelsholt M, Cooper S, Quinson J, Anker AS, Cutts G, Keeble DS, Thomsen MS, Rossmeisl J, Jensen KMØ. Breaking with the Principles of Coreduction to Form Stoichiometric Intermetallic PdCu Nanoparticles. SMALL METHODS 2022; 6:e2200420. [PMID: 35460216 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202200420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Intermetallic nanoparticles (NPs) have shown enhanced catalytic properties as compared to their disordered alloy counterparts. To advance their use in green energy, it is crucial to understand what controls the formation of intermetallic NPs over alloy structures. By carefully selecting the additives used in NP synthesis, it is here shown that monodisperse, intermetallic PdCu NPs can be synthesized in a controllable manner. Introducing the additives iron(III) chloride and ascorbic acid, both morphological and structural control can be achieved. Combined, these additives provide a synergetic effect resulting in precursor reduction and defect-free growth; ultimately leading to monodisperse, single-crystalline, intermetallic PdCu NPs. Using in situ X-ray total scattering, a hitherto unknown transformation pathway is reported that diverges from the commonly reported coreduction disorder-order transformation. A Cu-rich structure initially forms, which upon the incorporation of Pd(0) and atomic ordering forms intermetallic PdCu NPs. These findings underpin that formation of stoichiometric intermetallic NPs is not limited by standard reduction potential matching and coreduction mechanisms, but is instead driven by changes in the local chemistry. Ultimately, using the local chemistry as a handle to tune the NP structure might open new opportunities to expand the library of intermetallic NPs by exploiting synthesis by design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jette K Mathiesen
- Department of Chemistry and Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Espen D Bøjesen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center & Aarhus University Centre for Integrated Materials Research, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Jack K Pedersen
- Department of Chemistry and Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Emil T S Kjaer
- Department of Chemistry and Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Juelsholt
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK
| | - Susan Cooper
- Department of Chemistry and Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Jonathan Quinson
- Department of Chemistry and Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Andy S Anker
- Department of Chemistry and Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Geoff Cutts
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Oxford, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Dean S Keeble
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Oxford, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Maria S Thomsen
- Department of Chemistry and Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Jan Rossmeisl
- Department of Chemistry and Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Kirsten M Ø Jensen
- Department of Chemistry and Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kim H, Yoo TY, Bootharaju MS, Kim JH, Chung DY, Hyeon T. Noble Metal-Based Multimetallic Nanoparticles for Electrocatalytic Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2104054. [PMID: 34791823 PMCID: PMC8728832 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202104054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Noble metal-based multimetallic nanoparticles (NMMNs) have attracted great attention for their multifunctional and synergistic effects, which offer numerous catalytic applications. Combined experimental and theoretical studies have enabled formulation of various design principles for tuning the electrocatalytic performance through controlling size, composition, morphology, and crystal structure of the nanoparticles. Despite significant advancements in the field, the chemical synthesis of NMMNs with ideal characteristics for catalysis, including high activity, stability, product-selectivity, and scalability is still challenging. This review provides an overview on structure-based classification and the general synthesis of NMMN electrocatalysts. Furthermore, postsynthetic treatments, such as the removal of surfactants to optimize the activity, and utilization of NMMNs onto suitable support for practical electrocatalytic applications are highlighted. In the end, future direction and challenges associated with the electrocatalysis of NMMNs are covered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjoong Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle ResearchInstitute for Basic Science (IBS)Seoul08826Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineeringand Institute of Chemical ProcessesSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Yong Yoo
- Center for Nanoparticle ResearchInstitute for Basic Science (IBS)Seoul08826Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineeringand Institute of Chemical ProcessesSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea
| | - Megalamane S. Bootharaju
- Center for Nanoparticle ResearchInstitute for Basic Science (IBS)Seoul08826Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineeringand Institute of Chemical ProcessesSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyun Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle ResearchInstitute for Basic Science (IBS)Seoul08826Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineeringand Institute of Chemical ProcessesSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Young Chung
- Department of ChemistryGwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)Gwangju61005Republic of Korea
| | - Taeghwan Hyeon
- Center for Nanoparticle ResearchInstitute for Basic Science (IBS)Seoul08826Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineeringand Institute of Chemical ProcessesSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bueno SLA, Ashberry HM, Shafei I, Skrabalak SE. Building Durable Multimetallic Electrocatalysts from Intermetallic Seeds. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:1662-1672. [PMID: 33377763 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusWhen combined with earth-abundant metals, Pt-based alloy nanoparticles (NPs) can be cost-effective electrocatalysts. However, these NPs can experience leaching of non-noble-metal components under harsh electrocatalytic conditions. The Skrabalak group has demonstrated a novel NP construct in which Pt-based random alloy surfaces are stabilized against non-noble-metal leaching by their deposition onto intermetallic seeds. These core@shell NPs are highly durable electrocatalysts, with the ability to tune catalytic performance by the core@shell architecture, surface alloy composition, and NP shape. This versatility was demonstrated in a model system in which random alloy (ra-) PtM surfaces were deposited onto ordered intermetallic (i-) PdCu seeds using seed-mediated co-reduction (SMCR). In the initial demonstration, ra-PtCu shells were deposited on i-PdCu seeds, with these core@shell NPs exhibiting higher specific and mass activities for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) when compared to similarly sized ra-PtCu NPs. These NPs also showed outstanding durability, maintaining ∼85% in specific activity after 5000 cycles. Characterization of the NPs after use revealed minimal loss of Cu. The activity enhancement was attributed to the strained surface that arises from the lattice mismatch between the intermetallic core and random alloy surface. The outstanding durability was attributed to the ordered structure of the intermetallic core.The origin of this durability enhancement was investigated by classical molecular dynamics simulations, where Pt atoms were found to have a lower potential energy when deposited on an intermetallic core than when deposited on a random alloy core. Also, ordering of Cu atoms at the core@shell interface appears to enhance the overall binding between the core and the shell materials. Inspired by this initial demonstration, SMCR has been used to achieve shells of different random alloy compositions, PtM (M = Ni, Co, Cu, or Fe). This advance is significant because ligand effects vary as a function of PtM identity and Pt/M ratio. These features also influence the degree of surface strain imparted from the lattice mismatch between the core and shell materials. Like the initial demonstration, standout features of these core@shell NPs were high durability and resistance to non-noble metal leaching.Moving forward, efforts have been directed toward integrating shape-control to this core@shell NP construct. This integration is motivated by the shape-dependent catalytic performance of NPs derived from the selective expression of specific facets. Considering the initial i-PdCu@ra-PtCu system, NPs with a cubic shape have been achieved by judicious selection of capping ligands during SMCR. Evaluation of these NPs as catalysts for the electrooxidation of formic acid found that the nanocubic shape enhances catalytic performance compared to similar core@shell NPs with a spherical morphology. We envision that SMCR can be applied to other NP systems to achieve highly durable catalysts as the syntheses of monodisperse and shape-controlled intermetallic seeds are advanced. This Account highlights the role of intermetallic cores in providing more durable electrocatalysts. More broadly, the versatility of SMCR is highlighted as a route to integrate architecture, alloy surfaces, and shape within one NP system, and how this achievement is inspiring new high-performance and robust catalysts is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra L. A. Bueno
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University−Bloomington, 800 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Hannah M. Ashberry
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University−Bloomington, 800 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Ibrahim Shafei
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University−Bloomington, 800 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Sara E. Skrabalak
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University−Bloomington, 800 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ahmad I, Hussain A. Analysis of colloidal nanostructures synthesized through complex route. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/24701556.2020.1745836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Imtiaz Ahmad
- Department of Physics, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Akhlaq Hussain
- Department of Physics, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bose P, Chakraborty P, Mohanty JS, Ray Chowdhuri A, Khatun E, Ahuja T, Mahendranath A, Pradeep T. Atom transfer between precision nanoclusters and polydispersed nanoparticles: a facile route for monodisperse alloy nanoparticles and their superstructures. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:22116-22128. [PMID: 33118573 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr04033a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Reactions between atomically precise noble metal nanoclusters (NCs) have been studied widely in the recent past, but such processes between NCs and plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) have not been explored earlier. For the first time, we demonstrate spontaneous reactions between an atomically precise NC, Au25(PET)18 (PET = 2-phenylethanethiol), and polydispersed silver NPs with an average diameter of 4 nm and protected with PET, resulting in alloy NPs under ambient conditions. These reactions were specific to the nature of the protecting ligands as no reaction was observed between the Au25(SBB)18 NC (SBB = 4-(tert-butyl)benzyl mercaptan) and the very same silver NPs. The mechanism involves an interparticle exchange of the metal and ligand species where the metal-ligand interface plays a vital role in controlling the reaction. The reaction proceeds through transient Au25-xAgx(PET)n alloy cluster intermediates as observed in time-dependent electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI MS). High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) analysis of the resulting dispersion showed the transformation of polydispersed silver NPs into highly monodisperse gold-silver alloy NPs which assembled to form 2-dimensional superlattices. Using NPs of other average sizes (3 and 8 nm), we demonstrated that size plays an important role in the reactivity as observed in ESI MS and HRTEM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulami Bose
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jeong S, Liu Y, Zhong Y, Zhan X, Li Y, Wang Y, Cha PM, Chen J, Ye X. Heterometallic Seed-Mediated Growth of Monodisperse Colloidal Copper Nanorods with Widely Tunable Plasmonic Resonances. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:7263-7271. [PMID: 32866022 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c02648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We report a heterometallic seed-mediated synthesis method for monodisperse penta-twinned Cu nanorods using Au nanocrystals as seeds. Elemental analyses indicate that resultant nanorods consist predominantly of copper with a gold content typically below 3 atom %. The nanorod aspect ratio can be readily adjusted from 2.8 to 13.1 by varying the molar ratio between Au seeds and Cu precursor, resulting in narrow longitudinal plasmon resonances tunable from 762 to 2201 nm. Studies of reaction intermediates reveal that symmetry-breaking is promoted by rapid nanoscale diffusion in Au-Cu alloys and the formation of a gold-rich surface. The growth pathway features coevolving shape and composition whereby nanocrystals become progressively enriched with Cu concomitant with nanorod growth. The availability of uniform colloidal Cu nanorods with widely tunable aspect ratios opens new avenues toward the synthesis of derivative one-dimensional metal nanostructures, and applications in surface-enhanced spectroscopy, bioimaging, and electrocatalysis, among others.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soojin Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Yaxu Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Xun Zhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Yuda Li
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Phoebe M Cha
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Xingchen Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhou M, Li C, Fang J. Noble-Metal Based Random Alloy and Intermetallic Nanocrystals: Syntheses and Applications. Chem Rev 2020; 121:736-795. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Can Li
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Jiye Fang
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chen HS, Benedetti TM, Gonçales VR, Bedford NM, Scott RWJ, Webster RF, Cheong S, Gooding JJ, Tilley RD. Preserving the Exposed Facets of Pt 3Sn Intermetallic Nanocubes During an Order to Disorder Transition Allows the Elucidation of the Effect of the Degree of Alloy Ordering on Electrocatalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:3231-3239. [PMID: 31990182 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b13313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Controlling which facets are exposed in nanocrystals is crucial to understanding different activity between ordered and disordered alloy electrocatalysts. We modify the degree of ordering of Pt3Sn nanocubes, while maintaining the shape and size, to enable a direct evaluation of the effect of the order on ORR catalytic activity. We demonstrate a 2.3-fold enhancement in specific activity by 60- and 30%-ordered Pt3Sn nanocubes compared to 95%-ordered. This was shown to be likely due to surface vacancies in the less-ordered particles. The greater order, however, results in higher stability of the electrocatalyst, with the more disordered nanoparticles showing the dissolution of tin and platinum species during electrocatalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Robert W J Scott
- Department of Chemistry , University of Saskatchewan , 110 Science Place , Saskatoon , Saskatchewan S7N 5C9 , Canada
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|