1
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Sarkar A, Dong G, Quaglia-Motta J, Sackett K. Flow-NMR as a Process-Monitoring Tool for mRNA IVT Reaction. J Pharm Sci 2024; 113:900-905. [PMID: 38008177 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Messenger RNA (mRNA) based vaccines were instrumental in accelerating the end of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and are being aggressively developed as prophylaxes for a range of viral diseases. The swift adoption of mRNA-based therapeutics has also left open vast areas of opportunity for improving the development of mRNA-based drugs. One such area with immense potential focuses on the mRNA drug substance production, where mRNA is generated by a cell-free reaction called in vitro transcription (IVT). Process analytical technologies (PAT) are integral to the pharmaceutical industry and are necessary to facilitate agile process optimization and enhance process quality, control, and understanding. Due to the complexity and novelty inherent to the IVT reaction, there is a need for effective PAT that would provide in-depth, real-time insight into the reaction process to allow delivery of novel mRNA vaccines to patients faster in a more cost-effective way. Herein, we showcase the development of flow-nuclear magnetic resonance (flow-NMR) as a highly effective process-analytical tool for monitoring mRNA IVT reactions to support process development, optimization, and production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aritra Sarkar
- Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT 06340, United States of America.
| | - Guogang Dong
- Bioprocess Research and Development, Pfizer Research and Development, 1 Burtt Road, Andover, Massachusetts 01810, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Quaglia-Motta
- Bioprocess Research and Development, Pfizer Research and Development, 1 Burtt Road, Andover, Massachusetts 01810, United States of America
| | - Kelly Sackett
- Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT 06340, United States of America.
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2
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Ben-Tal Y, Boaler PJ, Dale HJA, Dooley RE, Fohn NA, Gao Y, García-Domínguez A, Grant KM, Hall AMR, Hayes HLD, Kucharski MM, Wei R, Lloyd-Jones GC. Mechanistic analysis by NMR spectroscopy: A users guide. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 129:28-106. [PMID: 35292133 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A 'principles and practice' tutorial-style review of the application of solution-phase NMR in the analysis of the mechanisms of homogeneous organic and organometallic reactions and processes. This review of 345 references summarises why solution-phase NMR spectroscopy is uniquely effective in such studies, allowing non-destructive, quantitative analysis of a wide range of nuclei common to organic and organometallic reactions, providing exquisite structural detail, and using instrumentation that is routinely available in most chemistry research facilities. The review is in two parts. The first comprises an introduction to general techniques and equipment, and guidelines for their selection and application. Topics include practical aspects of the reaction itself, reaction monitoring techniques, NMR data acquisition and processing, analysis of temporal concentration data, NMR titrations, DOSY, and the use of isotopes. The second part comprises a series of 15 Case Studies, each selected to illustrate specific techniques and approaches discussed in the first part, including in situ NMR (1/2H, 10/11B, 13C, 15N, 19F, 29Si, 31P), kinetic and equilibrium isotope effects, isotope entrainment, isotope shifts, isotopes at natural abundance, scalar coupling, kinetic analysis (VTNA, RPKA, simulation, steady-state), stopped-flow NMR, flow NMR, rapid injection NMR, pure shift NMR, dynamic nuclear polarisation, 1H/19F DOSY NMR, and in situ illumination NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Ben-Tal
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick J Boaler
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Harvey J A Dale
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth E Dooley
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom; Evotec (UK) Ltd, 114 Innovation Drive, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RZ, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole A Fohn
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Yuan Gao
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrés García-Domínguez
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Katie M Grant
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew M R Hall
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah L D Hayes
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Maciej M Kucharski
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Ran Wei
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Guy C Lloyd-Jones
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom.
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3
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Lipshultz JM, Radosevich AT. Uniting Amide Synthesis and Activation by P III/P V-Catalyzed Serial Condensation: Three-Component Assembly of 2-Amidopyridines. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:14487-14494. [PMID: 34478308 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c07608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
An organophosphorus (PIII/PV redox) catalyzed method for the three-component condensation of amines, carboxylic acids, and pyridine N-oxides to generate 2-amidopyridines via serial dehydration is reported. Whereas amide synthesis and functionalization usually occur under divergent reaction conditions, here a phosphetane catalyst (together with a mild bromenium oxidant and terminal hydrosilane reductant) is shown to drive both steps chemoselectively in an auto-tandem catalytic cascade. The ability to both prepare and functionalize amides under the action of a single organocatalytic reactive intermediate enables new possibilities for the efficient and modular preparation of medicinal targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M Lipshultz
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Alexander T Radosevich
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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4
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Kukor AJ, Guy MA, Hawkins JM, Hein JE. A robust new tool for online solution-phase sampling of crystallizations. REACT CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1re00284h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Dynamically flushed filter allows for sampling of crystallizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Kukor
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Mason A. Guy
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Joel M. Hawkins
- Pfizer Global Research & Development, Groton, Connecticut, 06371, USA
| | - Jason E. Hein
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
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5
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Maschmeyer T, Prieto PL, Grunert S, Hein JE. Exploration of continuous-flow benchtop NMR acquisition parameters and considerations for reaction monitoring. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2020; 58:1234-1248. [PMID: 32870524 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on fundamental data acquisition parameter selection for a benchtop nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) system with continuous flow, applicable for reaction monitoring. The effect of flow rate on the mixing behaviors within a flow cell was observed, along with an exponential decay relationship between flow rate and the apparent spin-lattice relaxation time (T1*) of benzaldehyde. We also monitored sensitivity (as determined by signal-to-noise ratios; SNRs) under various flow rates, analyte concentrations, and temperatures of the analyte flask. Results suggest that a maximum SNR can be achieved with low to medium flow rates and higher analyte concentrations. This was consistent with data collected with parameters that promote either slow or fast data acquisition. We further consider the effect of these conditions on the analyte's residence time, T1*, and magnetic field inhomogeneity that is a product of continuous flow. Altogether, our results demonstrate how fundamental acquisition parameters can be manipulated to achieve optimal data acquisition in continuous-flow NMR systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan Maschmeyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Paloma L Prieto
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Shad Grunert
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jason E Hein
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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6
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Wang Z, Zhao W, Hao GF, Song BA. Automated synthesis: current platforms and further needs. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:S1359-6446(20)30366-4. [PMID: 32949527 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Organic synthesis is a vital process that is a mainstay of drug discovery. However, traditional manual-based approaches to organic synthesis might not be economical, especially in a research environment where budgets are increasingly restricted and the effective use of manpower and materials is crucial. Hence, there is a strong interest in automating the synthesis process, resulting in a growth in synthesis automation, especially of systems and configuration. Here, we systematically summarize recently developed automated systems for organic synthesis. This review will be useful for computational scientists aiming to develop novel tools and also for non-specialists and students to understand the frontier of automated synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Ge-Fei Hao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, PR China.
| | - Bao-An Song
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, PR China
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7
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Silva Elipe MV, Cherney A, Krull R, Donovan N, Tedrow J, Pooke D, Colson KL. Application of the New 400 MHz High-Temperature Superconducting (HTS) Power-Driven Magnet NMR Technology for Online Reaction Monitoring: Proof of Concept with a Ring-Closing Metathesis (RCM) Reaction. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Victoria Silva Elipe
- Department of Attribute Sciences, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320-1799, United States
| | - Alan Cherney
- Department of Drug Substance Technologies, Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Robert Krull
- Bruker BioSpin, 15 Fortune Drive, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | - Neil Donovan
- Bruker BioSpin, 15 Fortune Drive, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | - Jason Tedrow
- Department of Drug Substance Technologies, Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Donald Pooke
- HTS-110, 1B Quadrant Drive, Lower Hutt 5010, New Zealand
| | - Kimberly L. Colson
- Bruker BioSpin, 15 Fortune Drive, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
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8
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Termopoli V, Torrisi E, Famiglini G, Palma P, Zappia G, Cappiello A, Vandergrift GW, Zvekic M, Krogh ET, Gill CG. Mass Spectrometry Based Approach for Organic Synthesis Monitoring. Anal Chem 2019; 91:11916-11922. [PMID: 31403767 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Current mass spectrometry-based methodologies for synthetic organic reaction monitoring largely use electrospray ionization (ESI), or other related atmospheric pressure ionization-based approaches. Monitoring of complex, heterogeneous systems may be problematic because of sampling hardware limitations, and many relevant analytes (neutrals) exhibit poor ESI performance. An alternative monitoring strategy addressing this significant impasse is condensed phase membrane introduction mass spectrometry using liquid electron ionization (CP-MIMS-LEI). In CP-MIMS, a semipermeable silicone membrane selects hydrophobic neutral analytes, rejecting particulates and charged chemical components. Analytes partition through the membrane, and are then transported to the LEI interface for sequential nebulization, vaporization, and ionization. CP-MIMS and LEI are both ideal for continuous monitoring applications of hydrophobic neutral molecules. We demonstrate quantitative reaction monitoring of harsh, complex reaction mixtures (alkaline, acidic, heterogeneous) in protic and aprotic organic solvents. Also presented are solvent-membrane compatibility investigations and, in situ quantitative monitoring of catalytic oxidation and alkylation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Termopoli
- LC-MS Laboratory, Department of Pure and Applied Sciences , University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Urbino 61029 , Italy
| | - Elena Torrisi
- Biomolecular Sciences Department , University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Urbino 61029 , Italy
| | - Giorgio Famiglini
- LC-MS Laboratory, Department of Pure and Applied Sciences , University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Urbino 61029 , Italy
| | - Pierangela Palma
- LC-MS Laboratory, Department of Pure and Applied Sciences , University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Urbino 61029 , Italy.,Applied Environmental Research Laboratories (AERL), Chemistry Department , Vancouver Island University , Nanaimo , British Columbia V9R 5S5 , Canada
| | - Giovanni Zappia
- Biomolecular Sciences Department , University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Urbino 61029 , Italy
| | - Achille Cappiello
- LC-MS Laboratory, Department of Pure and Applied Sciences , University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Urbino 61029 , Italy.,Applied Environmental Research Laboratories (AERL), Chemistry Department , Vancouver Island University , Nanaimo , British Columbia V9R 5S5 , Canada
| | - Gregory W Vandergrift
- Applied Environmental Research Laboratories (AERL), Chemistry Department , Vancouver Island University , Nanaimo , British Columbia V9R 5S5 , Canada.,Chemistry Department , University of Victoria , Victoria , British Columbia V8P 5C2 , Canada
| | - Misha Zvekic
- Applied Environmental Research Laboratories (AERL), Chemistry Department , Vancouver Island University , Nanaimo , British Columbia V9R 5S5 , Canada
| | - Erik T Krogh
- Applied Environmental Research Laboratories (AERL), Chemistry Department , Vancouver Island University , Nanaimo , British Columbia V9R 5S5 , Canada.,Chemistry Department , University of Victoria , Victoria , British Columbia V8P 5C2 , Canada
| | - Chris G Gill
- Applied Environmental Research Laboratories (AERL), Chemistry Department , Vancouver Island University , Nanaimo , British Columbia V9R 5S5 , Canada.,Chemistry Department , University of Victoria , Victoria , British Columbia V8P 5C2 , Canada.,Chemistry Department , Simon Fraser University , Burnaby , British Columbia V5A 1S6 , Canada.,Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
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9
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Fath V, Kockmann N, Röder T. In Situ Reaction Monitoring of Unstable Lithiated Intermediates through Inline FTIR Spectroscopy. Chem Eng Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201900074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Verena Fath
- TU Dortmund University, st>Emil-Figge-Strasse 70Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Equipment Design 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Mannheim University of Applied SciencesInstitute of Chemical Process Engineering Paul-Wittsack-Strasse 10 68163 Mannheim Germany
| | - Norbert Kockmann
- TU Dortmund University, st>Emil-Figge-Strasse 70Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Equipment Design 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Thorsten Röder
- Mannheim University of Applied SciencesInstitute of Chemical Process Engineering Paul-Wittsack-Strasse 10 68163 Mannheim Germany
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10
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Toscani A, Risi C, Black GW, Brown NL, Shaaban A, Turner NJ, Castagnolo D. Monoamine Oxidase (MAO-N) Whole Cell Biocatalyzed Aromatization of 1,2,5,6-Tetrahydropyridines into Pyridines. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b02386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Toscani
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, 150 Stamford Street, SE1 9NH London, United Kingdom
| | - Caterina Risi
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, 150 Stamford Street, SE1 9NH London, United Kingdom
| | - Gary W. Black
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Ellison Place, NE1 8ST Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola L. Brown
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Ellison Place, NE1 8ST Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Ali Shaaban
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, 150 Stamford Street, SE1 9NH London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas J. Turner
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, M1 7DN Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Daniele Castagnolo
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, 150 Stamford Street, SE1 9NH London, United Kingdom
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11
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Hock KJ, Koenigs RM. The Generation of Diazo Compounds in Continuous-Flow. Chemistry 2018; 24:10571-10583. [PMID: 29575129 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Toxic, cancerogenic and explosive-these attributes are typically associated with diazo compounds. Nonetheless, diazo compounds are nowadays a highly demanded class of reagents for organic synthesis, yet the concerns with regards to safe and scalable transformations of these compounds are still exceptionally high. Lately, the research area of the continuous-flow synthesis of diazo compounds attracted significant interest and a whole variety of protocols for their "on-demand" preparation have been realized to date. This concept article focuses on the recent developments using continuous-flow technologies to access diazo compounds; thus minimizing risks and hazards when working with this particular class of compounds. In this article we discuss these concepts and highlight different pre-requisites to access and to perform downstream functionalization reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina J Hock
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rene M Koenigs
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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12
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Sowmiah S, Esperança JMSS, Rebelo LPN, Afonso CAM. Pyridinium salts: from synthesis to reactivity and applications. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo00836h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights the pyridinium salts in terms of their natural occurrence, synthesis, reactivity, biological properties, and diverse applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subbiah Sowmiah
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier
- Universidade Nova de Lisboa
- 2780-157 Oeiras
- Portugal
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa)
| | - José M. S. S. Esperança
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier
- Universidade Nova de Lisboa
- 2780-157 Oeiras
- Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE
| | - Luís P. N. Rebelo
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier
- Universidade Nova de Lisboa
- 2780-157 Oeiras
- Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE
| | - Carlos A. M. Afonso
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa)
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1649-009 Lisboa
- Portugal
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13
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Rougeot C, Situ H, Cao BH, Vlachos V, Hein JE. Automated reaction progress monitoring of heterogeneous reactions: crystallization-induced stereoselectivity in amine-catalyzed aldol reactions. REACT CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6re00211k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A prototype solution/slurry automated sampling instrument reveals the origin of diastereoselectivity in this organocatalyzed aldol reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Rougeot
- Department of Chemistry
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
| | - Henry Situ
- Department of Chemistry
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
| | | | | | - Jason E. Hein
- Department of Chemistry
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
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14
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Barbosa TM, Morris GA, Nilsson M, Rittner R, Tormena CF. 1H and 19F NMR in drug stress testing: the case of voriconazole. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra03822d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress tests form an important part of drug development, and of subsequent accreditation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. M. Barbosa
- School of Chemistry
- University of Manchester
- Manchester M13 9PL
- UK
- Chemistry Institute
| | - G. A. Morris
- School of Chemistry
- University of Manchester
- Manchester M13 9PL
- UK
| | - M. Nilsson
- School of Chemistry
- University of Manchester
- Manchester M13 9PL
- UK
| | - R. Rittner
- Chemistry Institute
- University of Campinas – UNICAMP
- 13083-970 – Campinas
- Brazil
| | - C. F. Tormena
- Chemistry Institute
- University of Campinas – UNICAMP
- 13083-970 – Campinas
- Brazil
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15
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Theron R, Wu Y, Yunker LPE, Hesketh AV, Pernik I, Weller AS, McIndoe JS. Simultaneous Orthogonal Methods for the Real-Time Analysis of Catalytic Reactions. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b01489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robin Theron
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065 Victoria, British Columbia V8W3 V6, Canada
| | - Yang Wu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065 Victoria, British Columbia V8W3 V6, Canada
| | - Lars P. E. Yunker
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065 Victoria, British Columbia V8W3 V6, Canada
| | - Amelia V. Hesketh
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065 Victoria, British Columbia V8W3 V6, Canada
| | - Indrek Pernik
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew S. Weller
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - J. Scott McIndoe
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065 Victoria, British Columbia V8W3 V6, Canada
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16
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Yan X, Bain RM, Li Y, Qiu R, Flick TG, Cooks RG. Online Inductive Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry as a Process Analytical Technology Tool To Monitor the Synthetic Route to Anagliptin. Org Process Res Dev 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.6b00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yan
- Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Ryan M. Bain
- Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Yafeng Li
- Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Ran Qiu
- Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Tawnya G. Flick
- Department of Analytical Research & Development, Amgen Inc., 1 Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - R. Graham Cooks
- Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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17
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Cardoso FSP, Mickle GE, da Silva MA, Baraldi PT, Ferreira FB. Application of In Situ FTIR for the Preparation of 17-α-Estradiol via Mitsunobu Reaction. Org Process Res Dev 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.5b00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Flávio S. P. Cardoso
- Libbs Farmacêutica Ltda., Rua Alberto Correia Francfort, 88, Embu das
Artes, São Paulo 06807461, Brazil
| | - Gregory E. Mickle
- Libbs Farmacêutica Ltda., Rua Alberto Correia Francfort, 88, Embu das
Artes, São Paulo 06807461, Brazil
| | - Marco A. da Silva
- Libbs Farmacêutica Ltda., Rua Alberto Correia Francfort, 88, Embu das
Artes, São Paulo 06807461, Brazil
| | - Patricia T. Baraldi
- Libbs Farmacêutica Ltda., Rua Alberto Correia Francfort, 88, Embu das
Artes, São Paulo 06807461, Brazil
| | - Fabio B. Ferreira
- Mettler Toledo Ind. e Com. Ltda, Av. Tamboré, 418, Barueri, São Paulo 06460000, Brazil
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