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Sousa RCN, Confessor VPP, Da Silva AKB, Almeida AR, Pinheiro FASD, Ferreira LS. Biomimetic Chemical Reactions with Natural Products Using Metalloporphyrins and Salen Complexes as Catalysts: A Brief Review. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400668. [PMID: 38763894 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
The cytochrome P450 is a superfamily of hemoproteins mainly present in the liver and are versatile biocatalysts. They participate in the primary metabolism and biosynthesis of various secondary metabolites. Chemical catalysts are utilized to replicate the activities of enzymes. Metalloporphyrins and Salen complexes can contribute to the products' characterization and elucidate biotransformation processes, which are investigated during pre-clinical trials. These catalysts also help discover biologically active compounds and get better yields of products of industrial interest. This review aims to investigate which natural product classes are being investigated by biomimetic chemical models and the functionalities applied in the use of these catalysts. A limited number of studies were observed, with terpenes and alkaloids being the most investigated natural product classes. The research also revealed that Metalloporphyrins are still the most popular in the studies, and the identity and yield of the products obtained depend on the reaction system conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita C N Sousa
- Postgraduate Program in Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59078-900, Natal-RN, Brazil
| | - Vitor P P Confessor
- Pharmacy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59012-570, Natal-RN, Brazil
| | - Antonio K B Da Silva
- Pharmacy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59012-570, Natal-RN, Brazil
| | - Addison R Almeida
- Postgraduate Program in Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59078-900, Natal-RN, Brazil
- Pharmacy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59012-570, Natal-RN, Brazil
| | | | - Leandro S Ferreira
- Postgraduate Program in Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59078-900, Natal-RN, Brazil
- Pharmacy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59012-570, Natal-RN, Brazil
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Hylland KT, Schmidtke IL, Wragg DS, Nova A, Tilset M. Synthesis of substituted (N,C) and (N,C,C) Au(III) complexes: the influence of sterics and electronics on cyclometalation reactions. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:5082-5097. [PMID: 35262546 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00371f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cyclometalated Au(III) complexes are of interest due to their catalytic, medicinal, and photophysical properties. Herein, we describe the synthesis of derivatives of the type (N,C)Au(OAcF)2 (OAcF = trifluoroacetate) and (N,C,C)AuOAcF by a cyclometalation route, where (N,C) and (N,C,C) are chelating 2-arylpyridine ligands. The scope of the synthesis is explored by substituting the 2-arylpyridine core with electron donor or acceptor substituents at one or both rings. Notably, a variety of functionalized Au(III) complexes can be obtained in one step from the corresponding ligand and Au(OAc)3, eliminating the need for organomercury intermediates, which is commonly reported for similar syntheses. The influence of substituents in the ligand backbone on the resulting complexes was assessed using DFT calculations, 15N NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. A correlation between the electronic properties of the (N,C) ligands and their ability to undergo cyclometalation was found from experimental studies combined with natural charge analysis, suggesting the cyclometalation at Au(III) to take place via an electrophilic aromatic substitution-type mechanism. The formation of Au(III) pincer complexes from tridentate (N,C,C) ligands was investigated by synthesis and DFT calculations, in order to assess the feasibility of C(sp3)-H bond activation as a synthetic pathway to (N,C,C) cyclometalated Au(III) complexes. It was found that C(sp3)-H bond activation is feasible for ligands containing different alkyl groups (isopropyl and ethyl), although the C-H activation is less energetically favored compared to a ligand containing tert-butyl groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Knut T Hylland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway. .,Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1126 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Inga L Schmidtke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway. .,Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1126 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - David S Wragg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway. .,Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1126 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ainara Nova
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway. .,Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1126 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.,Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, N-0315 Oslo, Norway.,UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Mats Tilset
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway. .,Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1126 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.,Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
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Lehmann U, Goddard R, Tonner R, Reetz MT. Towards self-doping multimetal porphyrin systems. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424621500085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
An approach for the possible production of novel bimetallic self-doped porphyrin-based compounds of potential interest in material science is reported. Heating Cu(II)tetraphenylporphyrin (TPPCu) with chromocene at 120°C in benzonitrile affords the crystalline multimetal porphyrin system TPPCu/TPPCr in good yield. The X-ray single crystal structural analysis reveals a random distribution of TPPCu and TPPCr, with a Cu:Cr ratio of 71(2):29(2)%. Exploratory DFT calculations of TPPCu/TPPCr indicate little if any electron transfer. In contrast, calculations of a hypothetical cationic TPPCu/TPPRu system indicates the possibility of self-doping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udo Lehmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim, Germany
| | - Richard Goddard
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim, Germany
| | - Ralf Tonner
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstraße 2, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Manfred T. Reetz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim, Germany
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany
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Wang J, Zhang C, Ye XQ, Du W, Zeng S, Xu JH, Yin H. An efficient and practical aerobic oxidation of benzylic methylenes by recyclable N-hydroxyimide. RSC Adv 2021; 11:3003-3011. [PMID: 35424255 PMCID: PMC8693865 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10475b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient and practical benzylic aerobic oxidation catalyzed by cheap and simple N-hydroxyimide organocatalyst has been achieved with high yields and broad substrate scope. The organocatalyst used can be recycled and reused by simple workup and only minute amount (1 mol% in most cases) of simple iron salt is used as promoter. Phenyl substrates with mild and strong electron-withdrawing group could also be oxygenated in high yields as well as other benzylic methylenes. Influence of substituents, gram-scale application, catalysts decay and general mechanism of this methodology has also been discussed. An efficient and practical benzylic aerobic oxidation catalyzed by cheap and simple N-hydroxyimide organocatalyst has been achieved with high yields and broad substrate scope.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- School of Pharmacy
- Hangzhou Medical College
- Hangzhou 310053
- China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310000
- China
| | - Xiao-Qing Ye
- School of Pharmacy
- Hangzhou Medical College
- Hangzhou 310053
- China
| | - Wenting Du
- School of Pharmacy
- Hangzhou Medical College
- Hangzhou 310053
- China
| | - Shenxin Zeng
- School of Pharmacy
- Hangzhou Medical College
- Hangzhou 310053
- China
| | - Jian-Hong Xu
- School of Pharmacy
- Hangzhou Medical College
- Hangzhou 310053
- China
| | - Hong Yin
- School of Pharmacy
- Hangzhou Medical College
- Hangzhou 310053
- China
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Shen HM, Liu L, Qi B, Hu MY, Ye HL, She YB. Efficient and selective oxidation of secondary benzylic C H bonds to ketones with O2 catalyzed by metalloporphyrins under solvent-free and additive-free conditions. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2020.111102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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