1
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Biegański P, Kovalski E, Israel N, Dmitrieva E, Trzybiński D, Woźniak K, Vrček V, Godel M, Riganti C, Kopecka J, Lang H, Kowalski K. Electronic Coupling in 1,2,3-Triazole Bridged Ferrocenes and Its Impact on Reactive Oxygen Species Generation and Deleterious Activity in Cancer Cells. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:9650-9666. [PMID: 35699521 PMCID: PMC9490837 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
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Mixed-valence (MV)
binuclear ferrocenyl compounds have long been
studied as models for testing theories of electron transfer and in
attempts to design molecular-scale electronic devices (e.g., molecular wires). In contrary to that, far less attention has
been paid to MV binuclear ferrocenes as anticancer agents. Herein,
we discuss the synthesis of six 1,2,3-triazole ferrocenyl compounds
for combined (spectro)electrochemical, electron paramagnetic resonance
(EPR), computational, and anticancer activity studies. Our synthetic
approach was based on the copper-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar azide–alkyne
cycloaddition reaction and enabled us to obtain in one step compounds
bearing either one, two, or three ferrocenyl entities linked to the
common 1,2,3-triazole core. Thus, two series of complexes were obtained,
which pertain to derivatives of 3′-azido-3′-deoxythymidine
(AZT) and 3-azidopropionylferrocene, respectively. Based on the experimental
and theoretical data, the two mono-oxidized species corresponding
to binuclear AZT and trinuclear 3-azidopropionylferrocene complexes
have been categorized as class II mixed-valence according to the classification
proposed by Robin and Day. Of importance is the observation that these
two compounds are more active against human A549 and H1975 non-small-cell
lung cancer cells than their congeners, which do not show MV characteristics.
Moreover, the anticancer activity of MV species competes or surpasses,
dependent on the cell line, the activity of reference anticancer drugs
such as cisplatin, tamoxifen, and 5-fluorouracil. The most active
from the entire series of compounds was the binuclear thymidine derivative
with the lowest IC50 value of 5 ± 2 μM against
lung H1975 cancer cells. The major mechanism of antiproliferative
activity for the investigated MV compounds is based on reactive oxygen
species generation in cancer cells. This hypothesis was substantiated
by EPR spin-trapping experiments and the observation of decreased
anticancer activity in the presence of N-acetyl cysteine
(NAC) free-radical scavenger. The
1,2,3-triazole bridged bi- and triferrocenyl compounds
were prepared via a “click” reaction.
Their corresponding mono-oxidized forms have been categorized as class
II MV species. The biferrocenyl thymidine derivative showed remarkable
anticancer activity against human A549 and H1975 cancer cells and
negligible activity against nonmalignant human BEAS-2B cells. The
anticancer activity mechanism is mainly due to ROS generation, and
it originates from the combination of electronic coupling and the
thymidine moiety, combined all together in one molecular scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław Biegański
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Łódź, Tamka 12, 91-403 Łódź, Poland
| | - Eduard Kovalski
- Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Straße der Nationen 62, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Noel Israel
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstraße 20, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Evgenia Dmitrieva
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstraße 20, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Damian Trzybiński
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Woźniak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Valerije Vrček
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Martina Godel
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Joanna Kopecka
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Straße der Nationen 62, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany.,MAIN Research Center, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Rosenbergstraße 6, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Konrad Kowalski
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Łódź, Tamka 12, 91-403 Łódź, Poland
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2
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Jiang P, Yang X, Cao N, Zhu X, Zhang F, Liu SH, Ou YP. Tuning iron-amine electronic coupling by different aromatic bridges based on ferrocene-ethynyl-triarylamine systems. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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3
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Korb M, Liu X, Walz S, Mahrholdt J, Popov AA, Lang H. Structural Variety of Iron Carbonyl Clusters Featuring Ferrocenylphosphines. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Korb
- School of Molecular Sciences 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley Perth Western Australia 6009 Australia
| | - Xianming Liu
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Faculty of Natural Sciences Institute of Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Sebastian Walz
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Faculty of Natural Sciences Institute of Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Julia Mahrholdt
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Faculty of Natural Sciences Institute of Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Alexey A. Popov
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden) Helmholtzstrasse 20 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Faculty of Natural Sciences Institute of Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry 09107 Chemnitz Germany
- Center for Materials Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN) Rosenbergstr. 6 09126 Chemnitz Germany
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4
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Carlton ES, Sutton JJ, Gale AG, Shields GC, Gordon KC, Wagenknecht PS. Insights into the charge-transfer character of electronic transitions in RCp 2Ti(C 2Fc) 2 complexes using solvatochromism, resonance Raman spectroscopy, and TDDFT. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:2233-2242. [PMID: 33502417 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt04282j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of complexes with low-energy FeII to TiIV metal-to-metal charge-transfer (MMCT) transitions, Cp2Ti(C2Fc)2, Cp*2Ti(C2Fc)2, and MeOOCCp2Ti(C2Fc)2, was investigated using solvatochromism and resonance Raman spectroscopy (RRS) augmented with time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations in order to interrogate the nature of the CT transitions. Computational models were benchmarked against the experimental UV-Vis spectra and B3LYP/6-31G(d) was found to most faithfully represent the spectra. The energy of the MMCT transition was measured in 15 different solvents and a multivariate fit to the Catalán solvent parameters - solvent polarizability (SP), solvent dipolarity (SdP), solvent basicity (SB), and solvent acidity (SA) - was performed. The effect of SP indicates a greater degree of electron delocalization in the excited state (ES) than the ground state (GS). The small negative solvatochromism with respect to SdP indicates a smaller dipole moment in the ES than the GS. The effect of SB is consistent with charge-transfer to Ti. Upon excitation into the MMCT absorption band, the RRS data show enhancement of the alkyne stretching modes and of the out-of-plane bending modes of the cyclopentadienyl ring connected to Fe and the alkyne bridge. This is consistent with changes in the oxidation states of Ti and Fe, respectively. The higher-energy transitions (350-450 nm) show enhancement of vibrational modes consistent with ethnylcyclopentadienyl to Ti ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT). The RRS data is consistent with the TDDFT predicted character of these transitions. TDDFT suggests that the lowest-energy transition in Cp2Ti(C2Fc)2CuI, where CuI is coordinated between the alkynes, retains its FeII to TiIV MMCT character, in agreement with the RRS data, but that the lowest-energy transitions have significant CuI to Ti character. For Cp2Ti(C2Fc)2CuI, excitation into the low-energy MMCT absorption band results in selective enhancement of the symmetric alkynyl stretching mode.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joshua J Sutton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Ariel G Gale
- Department of Chemistry, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA.
| | - George C Shields
- Department of Chemistry, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA.
| | - Keith C Gordon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
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5
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Straube A, Coburger P, Michak M, Ringenberg MR, Hey-Hawkins E. The core of the matter - arene substitution determines the coordination and catalytic behaviour of tris(1-phosphanyl-1'-ferrocenylene)arene gold(I) complexes. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:16667-16682. [PMID: 33084677 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02743j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Changing the aromatic core of C3-symmetric tris(ferrocenyl)arene-based tris-phosphanes has profound effects on their coordination behaviour towards gold(i). Depending on the arene (s-triazine, benzene, or trifluorobenzene), four different coordination modes can be distinguished and their preference has been rationalised using computational methods. The corresponding 1 : 1 ligand-to-metal complexes, studied by variable-temperature NMR spectroscopy, revealed fluctional behaviour in solution. Given the presence of up to three or six ferrocenylene spacers per complex, their electrochemistry was investigated. The redox-responsive nature of the complexes can be advantageously exploited in the catalytic ring-closing isomerisation of N-(2-propyn-1-yl)benzamide, where the benzene-based 2 : 3 ligand-to-metal complex has been shown to display multiple activity states depending on the degree of (reversible) oxidation in a preliminary trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Straube
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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6
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Gottwald D, Yuan Q, Speck M, Mahrholdt J, Korb M, Schreiter K, Spange S, Lang H. Synthesis and (spectro)electrochemistry of 1′,1′′′-disubstituted biferrocenes. J Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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7
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Korb M, Liu X, Walz S, Rosenkranz M, Dmitrieva E, Popov AA, Lang H. (Electrochemical) Properties and Computational Investigations of Ferrocenyl-substituted Fe 3(μ 3-PFc) 2(CO) 9 and Co 4(μ 4-PFc) 2(CO) 9 Clusters and Their Reduced Species. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:6147-6160. [PMID: 32323982 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The formation of ferrocenyl-functionalized iron and cobalt carbonyl clusters is reported, based on a reaction of FcPCl2 (3) (Fc = Fe(η5-C5H5)(η5-C5H4)) with Fe2(CO)9 and Co2(CO)8, respectively. Therein, nido-Fe3(CO)9(μ3-PFc)2 (4) and nido-Co4(CO)10(μ3-PFc)2 (5) clusters were obtained as the first diferrocenyl-substituted carbonyl clusters with a symmetrical cluster core. Cluster 4 shows two reversible one-electron processes within the anodic region, based on Fc/Fc+ redox events, as well as two processes in the cathodic region. In situ IR and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements of all electronic states confirmed an Fc-based oxidation and a core-based reduction. On the basis of the results of a single-crystal X-ray analysis of structures of 4 and 5, computational studies of the highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energies, the spin density, quantum theory of atom-in-molecule delocalization indices, and the atomic charges were performed to explain the experimental results. The latter revealed a reorganization of the cluster core upon reduction and the existence of weak P···P interactions in 4 and 5. Ferrocenyl-related redox processes, occurring reversibly in case of 4, were absent for 5, due to a different distribution of the HOMO energies. EPR measurements furthermore confirmed the core-based radical anion and the formation of a decomposition product at potentials lower than [M]2- (M = Fe, Co).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Korb
- Faculty of Sciences, School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, 6009 Crawley, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Xianming Liu
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Chemnitz, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Walz
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Chemnitz, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Marco Rosenkranz
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Evgenia Dmitrieva
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexey A Popov
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Chemnitz, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany.,Center for Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes, Rosenbergstr. 6, D-09126 Chemnitz, Germany
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8
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Speck JM, Korb M, Hildebrandt A, Lang H. Synthesis and Electrochemical Investigations of [Ru(η
5
‐Ferrocenyl‐Thiophene)(η
5
‐C
5
R
5
)]
+
Sandwich Compounds. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Matthäus Speck
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Marcus Korb
- University of Western Australia School of Molecular Sciences, M310 6009 Perth WA Australia
| | - Alexander Hildebrandt
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie 09107 Chemnitz Germany
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9
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Roy SS, Patra SK. Synthesis and Characterization of Diferrocenyl Conjugates: Varying π-Conjugated Bridging Ligands and its Consequence on Electrochemical Communication. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Saha Roy
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur; 721302 Kharagpur India
| | - Sanjib K. Patra
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur; 721302 Kharagpur India
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10
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Schnaubelt L, Petzold H, Dmitrieva E, Rosenkranz M, Lang H. A solvent- and temperature-dependent intramolecular equilibrium of diamagnetic and paramagnetic states in Co complexes bearing triaryl amines. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:13180-13189. [PMID: 30178800 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02538j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Complexes [Co(L)2](ClO4)2 (L = o-substituted 2-(pyridine-2-yl)-1,10-phenanthrolines 1a-c) containing three redox active centres (a Co2+ ion and two triaryl amine (Tara) units) have been synthesised. The order of oxidation steps in [Co(L)2](ClO4)2 (L = 1a-c) was determined using cyclic voltammetry and EPR/UV-vis-NIR spectroelectrochemistry. In acetonitrile solutions, at room temperature, the first oxidation is Co-centred followed by the Tara oxidation at more anodic potentials. The order of oxidation is inverted in solutions of the less polar solvent dichloromethane. The Co3+/2+-centred redox event leads to a spin transition between the paramagnetic high-spin (HS) Co2+ and the diamagnetic low-spin (LS) Co3+ state, which was proven using 1H NMR and EPR spectroscopy. After one-electron oxidation of [Co(L)2](ClO4)2, an equilibrium between the diamagnetic [Co3+(L)]3+ and paramagnetic [Co2+(L)(L+)]3+ state in [Co(L)2]3+ (L = 1a-c) was found. Cyclic voltammetry showed enhanced intermolecular electron transfer between the [Co2+(L)2]2+ and [Co3+(L)2]3+ redox states mediated by [Co2+(L)(L+)]3+. Variable temperature vis-NIR spectroscopy of in situ generated [Co(L)2]3+ revealed a temperature-dependent redox equilibrium between the [Co3+(L)2]3+ and the [Co2+(L+)(L)]3+ states (L = 1a-c). Magnetic coupling between the HS-Co2+ ion and the Tara+ radical in [HS-Co2+(L+)(L)]3+ (L = 1a,c) was deduced from broad and undetectable lines observed in the corresponding EPR spectra. Complete oxidation to [LS-Co3+(L+)2]5+ (L = 1a,c) leads to characteristic EPR spectra of Tara biradicals with non-interacting spins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Schnaubelt
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany.
| | - Holm Petzold
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany.
| | - Evgenia Dmitrieva
- Center of Spectroelectrochemistry, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Marco Rosenkranz
- Center of Spectroelectrochemistry, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany.
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11
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Miesel D, Korb M, Hildebrandt A, Lang H. Synthesis and crystal structure of an acetylenic ferrocenyl substituted phosphaalkene. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Lang H. Organometallic π-tweezers and 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphanyl)ferrocene as bidentate chelating ligands for the synthesis of heteromultimetallic compounds. Polyhedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2017.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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13
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Müller K, Korb M, Koo C, Klingeler R, Miesel D, Hildebrandt A, Rüffer T, Lang H. Tri- (M = Cu II ) and hexanuclear (M = Ni II , Co II ) heterometallic coordination compounds with ferrocene monocarboxylate ligands: Solid-state structures and thermogravimetric, electrochemical and magnetic properties. Polyhedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2017.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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14
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Fan Y, Li HM, Zou GD, Zhang X, Pan YL, Cao KK, Zhang ML, Ma PL, Lu HT. Diferrocenes Bridged by a Geminal Diethynylethene Scaffold with Varying Pendant Substituents: Electronic Interactions in Cross-Conjugated System. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Fan
- College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua-Min Li
- College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guo-Dong Zou
- College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying-Le Pan
- College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke-Ke Cao
- College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng-Li Zhang
- College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pei-Lin Ma
- College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai-Ting Lu
- College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Lehrich SW, Hildebrandt A, Korb M, Lang H. From diferrocenyl-cyclopropenone to diferrocenyl-cyclopropenylium cations and triferrocenylpropenones: An electrochemical study. J Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2017.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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16
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Filipczyk G, Hildebrandt A, Rüffer T, Korb M, Lang H. Coordination behavior of (ferrocenylethynyl)diphenylphosphane towards binuclear iron and cobalt carbonyls. J Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2016.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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17
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Mrózek O, Vinklárek J, Růžičková Z, Honzíček J. Indenyl Compounds with Constrained Hapticity: The Effect of Strong Intramolecular Coordination. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201601029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej Mrózek
- Department of General and Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of Chemical TechnologyUniversity of PardubiceStudentská 57353210 PardubiceCzech Republic
| | - Jaromír Vinklárek
- Department of General and Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of Chemical TechnologyUniversity of PardubiceStudentská 57353210 PardubiceCzech Republic
| | - Zdeňka Růžičková
- Department of General and Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of Chemical TechnologyUniversity of PardubiceStudentská 57353210 PardubiceCzech Republic
| | - Jan Honzíček
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Macromolecular MaterialsFaculty of Chemical TechnologyUniversity of PardubiceStudentská 57353210PardubiceCzech Republic
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18
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Filipczyk G, Lehrich SW, Hildebrandt A, Rüffer T, Schaarschmidt D, Korb M, Lang H. Multiferrocenyl Cobalt‐Based Sandwich Compounds. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Filipczyk
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Institut für Chemie Anorganische Chemie 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Steve W. Lehrich
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Institut für Chemie Anorganische Chemie 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Alexander Hildebrandt
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Institut für Chemie Anorganische Chemie 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Tobias Rüffer
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Institut für Chemie Anorganische Chemie 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Dieter Schaarschmidt
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Institut für Chemie Anorganische Chemie 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Marcus Korb
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Institut für Chemie Anorganische Chemie 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Institut für Chemie Anorganische Chemie 09107 Chemnitz Germany
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19
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Qi M, Zhang Y, Cao C, Zhang M, Liu S, Liu G. Decoration of Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanosheets with Aryldiazonium Salts and Gold Nanoparticles toward a Label-Free Amperometric Immunosensor for Detecting Cytokine Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Live Cells. Anal Chem 2016; 88:9614-9621. [PMID: 27600768 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a label-free electrochemical immunosensor was developed for detection of cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). First, AuNPs loaded reduced graphene oxides nanocomposites (RGO-ph-AuNP) were prepared, and then, a mixed layer of 4-carbxyphenyl and 4-aminophenyl phosphorylcholine (PPC) was modified to the surface of AuNPs for the subsequent modification of anti-TNF-α capture antibody (Ab1) to form the capture surface (Au-RGO-ph-AuNP-ph-PPC(-ph-COOH)) for the analyte TNF-α with the antifouling property. For reporting the presence of analyte, the anti-TNF-α detection antibody (Ab2) was modified to the graphene oxides which have been modified with the 4-ferrocenylaniline through diazonium chemistry to form Ab2-GO-ph-Fc. Then, a sandwich assay was formed on gold surfaces for the quantitative detection of TNF-α based on the electrochemical signal of ferrocene. X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV-vis, and electrochemistry were used for characterization of the stepwise fabrications on the interface. The prepared electrochemical immunosensor was successfully used for the detection of TNF-α over the range of 0.1-150 pg mL-1. The lowest detection limit of this immunosensor is 0.1 pg mL-1 TNF-α in 50 mM phosphate buffer at pH 7.0. The fabricated immunosensor provided high selectivity and stability and can be used to detect TNF-α secreted by live BV-2 cells with comparable accuracy to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) but with lower limit of detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Qi
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University , Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Yin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University , Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Chaomin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University , Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Mingxing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University , Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Shenghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University , Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Guozhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University , Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Nanoscale Biophotonics (CNBP), Macquarie University , North Ryde, New South Wales 2109, Australia
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Pfaff U, Hildebrandt A, Korb M, Oßwald S, Linseis M, Schreiter K, Spange S, Winter RF, Lang H. Electronically Strongly Coupled Divinylheterocyclic-Bridged Diruthenium Complexes. Chemistry 2016; 22:783-801. [PMID: 26660031 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Complexes [{Ru(CO)Cl(PiPr3 )2 }2 (μ-2,5-(CH-CH)2 -(c) C4 H2 E] (E=NR; R=C6 H4 -4-NMe2 (10 a), C6 H4 -4-OMe (10 b), C6 H4 -4-Me (10 c), C6 H5 (10 d), C6 H4 -4-CO2 Et (10 e), C6 H4 -4-NO2 (10 f), C6 H3 -3,5-(CF3 )2 (10 g), CH3 (11); E=O (12), S (13)) are discussed. The solid state structures of four alkynes and two complexes are reported. (Spectro)electrochemical studies show a moderate influence of the nature of the heteroatom and the electron-donating or -withdrawing substituents R in 10 a-g on the electrochemical and spectroscopic properties. The CVs display two consecutive one-electron redox events with ΔE°'=350-495 mV. A linear relationship between ΔE°' and the σp Hammett constant for 10 a-f was found. IR, UV/Vis/NIR and EPR studies for 10(+) -13(+) confirm full charge delocalization over the {Ru}CH-CH-heterocycle-CH-CH{Ru} backbone, classifying them as Class III systems according to the Robin and Day classification. DFT-optimized structures of the neutral complexes agree well with the experimental ones and provide insight into the structural consequences of stepwise oxidations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Pfaff
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107 Chemnitz (Germany)
| | - Alexander Hildebrandt
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107 Chemnitz (Germany)
| | - Marcus Korb
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107 Chemnitz (Germany)
| | - Steffen Oßwald
- Faculty of Chemistry, Universität Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz (Germany)
| | - Michael Linseis
- Faculty of Chemistry, Universität Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz (Germany)
| | - Katja Schreiter
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Polymer Chemistry, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107 Chemnitz (Germany)
| | - Stefan Spange
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Polymer Chemistry, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107 Chemnitz (Germany)
| | - Rainer F Winter
- Faculty of Chemistry, Universität Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz (Germany).
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107 Chemnitz (Germany).
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Pfaff U, Korb M, Lang H. Crystal structure of 3-ferrocenyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrrole, [Fe(η(5)-C5H4 (c) C4H3 NPh)(η(5)-C5H5)]. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2016; 72:92-5. [PMID: 26870594 PMCID: PMC4704767 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989015024214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The mol-ecular structure of the title compound, [Fe(C5H5)(C15H12N)], consists of a ferrocene moiety with an N-phenyl-pyrrole heterocycle bound to one cyclo-penta-dienyl ring. The 1,3-disubstitution of the pyrrole results in an L-shaped arrangement of the mol-ecule with plane inter-sections of 2.78 (17)° between the pyrrole and the N-bonded phenyl ring and of 8.17 (18)° between the pyrrole and the cyclo-penta-dienyl ring. In the crystal, no remarkable inter-molecular inter-actions are observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Pfaff
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Marcus Korb
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
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