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Popovici I, Lognon E, Casaretto N, Monari A, Auffrant A. Electronic Effects in Phosphino-Iminophosphorane Pd II Complexes upon Varying the N Substituent. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303350. [PMID: 37872737 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Three series of palladium(II) complexes supported by a phosphine-iminophosphorane ligand built upon an ortho-phenylene core were investigated to study the influence of the iminophosphorane N substituent. Cis-dichloride palladium(II) complexes 1 in which the N atom bears an isopropyl (iPr, 1 a), a phenyl (Ph, 1 b), a trimethylsilyl (TMS, 1 c) group or an H atom (1 d) were synthesized in high yield. They were characterized by NMR, IR spectroscopy, HR-mass spectrometry, elemental analysis, and X-ray diffraction. A substantial bond length difference between the Pd-Cl bonds was observed in 1. Complexes 1 a-d were converted into [Pd(LR )Cl(CNt Bu)](OTf)] 2 a-d whose isocyanide is located trans to the iminophosphorane. The corresponding dicationic complexes [Pd(LR )(CNt Bu)2 ](OTf)2 3 a-d were also synthesized, however they exhibited lower stability in solution than 2, the isopropyl derivative 3 a being the most stable of the series. Molecular modeling was performed to rationalize the regioselectivity of the substitution of the single chloride by isocyanide (from 1 to 2) and to study the electronic distribution in the complexes. In particular differences between the TMS and H containing complexes vs. the iPr and Ph ones were found. This suggests that the nature of the N substituent is far from innocent and can help tune the reactivity of iminophosphorane complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Popovici
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM), CNRS, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay, 91120, Palaiseau, France
| | - Elise Lognon
- ITODYS, Université Paris Cité and CNRS, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Casaretto
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM), CNRS, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay, 91120, Palaiseau, France
| | - Antonio Monari
- ITODYS, Université Paris Cité and CNRS, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Auffrant
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM), CNRS, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay, 91120, Palaiseau, France
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2
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Tannoux T, Mazaud L, Cheisson T, Casaretto N, Auffrant A. Fe II complexes supported by an iminophosphorane ligand: synthesis and reactivity. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:12010-12019. [PMID: 37581245 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00950e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of iron complexes supported by a mixed phosphine-lutidine-iminophosphorane (PPyNP) ligand was carried out. While bidentate κ2-N,N coordination was observed for FeCl2, pincer coordination modes were adopted at cationic iron centers, either through dechlorination of [LFe(PPyNP)Cl2] (1) or direct coordination of PPyNP to Fe(OTf)2. Reaction with tert-butylisocyanide gave access to the diamagnetic octahedral complex [Fe(PPyNP)(CNtBu)3]X2 (X = OTf (4), Cl (4')). Both 1 and 4 were shown to undergo deprotonation of the phosphinomethyl group, but the resulting complexes were not active for the dehydrogenative coupling of hexan-1-ol. The hydrosilylation of acetophenones was catalyzed at room temperature with 1 mol% of a catalyst generated in situ from cationic PPyNP-supported iron triflate complexes and KHBEt3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Tannoux
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM) CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay, F-91120 Palaiseau Cedex, France.
| | - Louis Mazaud
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM) CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay, F-91120 Palaiseau Cedex, France.
| | - Thibault Cheisson
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM) CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay, F-91120 Palaiseau Cedex, France.
| | - Nicolas Casaretto
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM) CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay, F-91120 Palaiseau Cedex, France.
| | - Audrey Auffrant
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM) CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay, F-91120 Palaiseau Cedex, France.
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3
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Tannoux T, Auffrant A. Complexes featuring tridentate iminophosphorane ligands: Synthesis, reactivity, and catalysis. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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4
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García-Garrido SE, Presa Soto A, García-Álvarez J. Iminophosphoranes (R3P NR′): From terminal to multidentate ligands in organometallic chemistry. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adomc.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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5
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Gompa TP, Greer SM, Rice NT, Jiang N, Telser J, Ozarowski A, Stein BW, La Pierre HS. High-Frequency and -Field Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Analysis of Metal-Ligand Covalency in a 4f 7 Valence Series (Eu 2+, Gd 3+, and Tb 4+). Inorg Chem 2021; 60:9064-9073. [PMID: 34106710 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The recent isolation of molecular tetravalent lanthanide complexes has enabled renewed exploration of the effect of oxidation state on the single-ion properties of the lanthanide ions. Despite the isotropic nature of the 8S ground state in a tetravalent terbium complex, [Tb(NP(1,2-bis-tBu-diamidoethane)(NEt2))4], preliminary X-band electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements on tetravalent terbium complexes show rich spectra with broad resonances. The complexity of these spectra highlights the limits of conventional X-band EPR for even qualitative determination of zero-field splitting (ZFS) in these complexes. Therefore, we report the synthesis and characterization of a novel valence series of 4f7 molecular complexes spanning three oxidation states (Eu2+, Gd3+, and Tb4+) featuring a weak-field imidophosphorane ligand system, and employ high-frequency and -field electron paramagnetic resonance (HFEPR) to obtain quantitative values for ZFS across this valence series. The series was designed to minimize deviation in the first coordination sphere from the pseudotetrahedral geometry in order to directly interrogate the role of metal identity and charge on the complexes' electronic structures. These HFEPR studies are supported by crystallographic analysis and quantum-chemical calculations to assess the relative covalent interactions in each member of this valence series and the effect of the oxidation state on the splitting of the ground state and first excited state.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samuel M Greer
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | | | | | - Joshua Telser
- Department of Biological, Physical and Health Sciences, Roosevelt University, Chicago, Illinois 60605, United States
| | - Andrew Ozarowski
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Benjamin W Stein
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
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6
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Abstract
The f‐block chemistry of phospholyl and arsolyl ligands, heavier p‐block analogues of substituted cyclopentadienyls (CpR, C5R5) where one or more CR groups are replaced by P or As atoms, is less developed than for lighter isoelectronic C5R5 rings. Heterocyclopentadienyl complexes can exhibit properties that complement and contrast with CpR chemistry. Given that there has been renewed interest in phospholyl and arsolyl f‐block chemistry in the last two decades, coinciding with a renaissance in f‐block solution chemistry, a review of this field is timely. Here, the syntheses of all structurally characterised examples of lanthanide and actinide phospholyl and arsolyl complexes to date are covered, including benzannulated derivatives, and together with group 3 complexes for completeness. The physicochemical properties of these complexes are reviewed, with the intention of motivating further research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Mills
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M139PL, UK
| | - Peter Evans
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M139PL, UK
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7
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Hay MA, Boskovic C. Lanthanoid Complexes as Molecular Materials: The Redox Approach. Chemistry 2021; 27:3608-3637. [PMID: 32965741 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The development of molecular materials with novel functionality offers promise for technological innovation. Switchable molecules that incorporate redox-active components are enticing candidate compounds due to their potential for electronic manipulation. Lanthanoid metals are most prevalent in their trivalent state and usually redox-activity in lanthanoid complexes is restricted to the ligand. The unique electronic and physical properties of lanthanoid ions have been exploited for various applications, including in magnetic and luminescent materials as well as in catalysis. Lanthanoid complexes are also promising for applications reliant on switchability, where the physical properties can be modulated by varying the oxidation state of a coordinated ligand. Lanthanoid-based redox activity is also possible, encompassing both divalent and tetravalent metal oxidation states. Thus, utilization of redox-active lanthanoid metals offers an attractive opportunity to further expand the capabilities of molecular materials. This review surveys both ligand and lanthanoid centered redox-activity in pre-existing molecular systems, including tuning of lanthanoid magnetic and photophysical properties by modulating the redox states of coordinated ligands. Ultimately the combination of redox-activity at both ligands and metal centers in the same molecule can afford novel electronic structures and physical properties, including multiconfigurational electronic states and valence tautomerism. Further targeted exploration of these features is clearly warranted, both to enhance understanding of the underlying fundamental chemistry, and for the generation of a potentially important new class of molecular material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moya A Hay
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Colette Boskovic
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
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Mazaud L, Tricoire M, Bourcier S, Cordier M, Gandon V, Auffrant A. Tridentate NNN Ligand Associating Amidoquinoline and Iminophosphorane: Synthesis and Coordination to Pd and Ni Centers. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Louis Mazaud
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 9168, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Maxime Tricoire
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 9168, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Sophie Bourcier
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 9168, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Marie Cordier
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 9168, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Vincent Gandon
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 9168, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, 91405 Orsay cedex, France
| | - Audrey Auffrant
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 9168, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
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Xémard M, Cordier M, Molton F, Duboc C, Le Guennic B, Maury O, Cador O, Nocton G. Divalent Thulium Crown Ether Complexes with Field-Induced Slow Magnetic Relaxation. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:2872-2880. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Xémard
- LCM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université
Paris-Saclay, Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Marie Cordier
- LCM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université
Paris-Saclay, Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Florian Molton
- Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR 5250, DCM, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Carole Duboc
- Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR 5250, DCM, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Boris Le Guennic
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Olivier Maury
- Univ Lyon, ENS Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR 5182, Laboratoire de Chimie, 69342 Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Cador
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Grégory Nocton
- LCM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université
Paris-Saclay, Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
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10
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Cheisson T, Ricard L, Heinemann FW, Meyer K, Auffrant A, Nocton G. Synthesis and Reactivity of Low-Valent f-Element Iodide Complexes with Neutral Iminophosphorane Ligands. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:9230-9240. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Cheisson
- LCM, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Louis Ricard
- LCM, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Frank W. Heinemann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Audrey Auffrant
- LCM, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Grégory Nocton
- LCM, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
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Cheisson T, Mazaud L, Auffrant A. Ruthenium complexes featuring cooperative phosphine–pyridine–iminophosphorane (PNN) ligands: synthesis, reactivity and catalytic activity. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:14521-14530. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03488e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium complexes with an iminophosphorane based (PNN) ligand; the NP substituent influences the coordination and the reactivity of the formed complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Cheisson
- LCM
- CNRS-Ecole polytechnique
- Université Paris-Saclay
- F-91128 Palaiseau Cedex
- France
| | - Louis Mazaud
- LCM
- CNRS-Ecole polytechnique
- Université Paris-Saclay
- F-91128 Palaiseau Cedex
- France
| | - Audrey Auffrant
- LCM
- CNRS-Ecole polytechnique
- Université Paris-Saclay
- F-91128 Palaiseau Cedex
- France
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12
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Goudy V, Jaoul A, Cordier M, Clavaguéra C, Nocton G. Tuning the Stability of Pd(IV) Intermediates Using a Redox Non-innocent Ligand Combined with an Organolanthanide Fragment. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:10633-10636. [PMID: 28741942 PMCID: PMC5553092 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b05634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
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The unique combination of a divalent
organolanthanide fragment,
Cp*2Yb, with bipyrimidine (bipym) and a palladium
bis-alkyl fragment, PdMe2, allows the rapid formation and
stabilization of a PdIV tris-alkyl moiety after oxidative
addition with MeI. The crucial role of the organolanthanide
fragment is demonstrated by the substitution of bipym by the 4,5,9,10-tetraazaphenanthrene
ligand, which drastically modifies the electronic structure and tunes
the stability of the PdIV species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violaine Goudy
- LCM, CNRS, Ecole polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay , Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Arnaud Jaoul
- LCM, CNRS, Ecole polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay , Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Marie Cordier
- LCM, CNRS, Ecole polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay , Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Carine Clavaguéra
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, CNRS - Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , 15 avenue Jean Perrin, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Grégory Nocton
- LCM, CNRS, Ecole polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay , Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
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13
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Edelmann FT. Lanthanides and actinides: Annual survey of their organometallic chemistry covering the year 2015. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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