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Bouhoute Y, Grekov D, Merle N, Szeto KC, Larabi C, Del Rosal I, Maron L, Delevoye L, Gauvin RM, Taoufik M. On the use of 17O NMR for understanding molecular and silica-grafted tungsten oxo siloxide complexes. Dalton Trans 2023. [PMID: 37376921 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01593a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
17O-labelled tungsten siloxide complexes [WOCl2(OSitBu3)2] (1-Cl) and [WOMe2(OSitBu3)2] (1-Me) were prepared and characterized by 17O MAS NMR, with input from theoretical calculations of NMR parameters. Guidelines linking 17O NMR parameters and the coordination sphere of molecular and silica-grafted tungsten oxo species are proposed. The grafting of 1-Me on SiO2-700 afforded material 2, with surface species [(SiO)WOMe2(OSitBu3)] as shown by elemental analysis, IR and 1H and 13C MAS NMR. The DFT calculations of the grafting mechanism are in line with the observed reactivity. They indicate the occurrence of several isomeric species of close energy for the grafted W centers, precluding efficient 17O MAS NMR studies. The lack of catalytic activity in olefin metathesis and ring-opening olefin metathesis polymerization indicates that initiation by α-H elimination is not operative in 2, contrary to related tungsten surface species, which illustrates the crucial influence of the nature of the metal coordination sphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Bouhoute
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Catalyse, Polymères et Procédés, UMR 5265 CNRS/ESCPE-Lyon/UCBL, ESCPE Lyon, F-308-43, Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
| | - D Grekov
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille, F-59000, France
| | - N Merle
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille, F-59000, France
| | - K C Szeto
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Catalyse, Polymères et Procédés, UMR 5265 CNRS/ESCPE-Lyon/UCBL, ESCPE Lyon, F-308-43, Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
| | - C Larabi
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Catalyse, Polymères et Procédés, UMR 5265 CNRS/ESCPE-Lyon/UCBL, ESCPE Lyon, F-308-43, Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
| | - I Del Rosal
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Nano-Objets, CNRS UMR 5215, Université de Toulouse, INSA, UPS, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - L Maron
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Nano-Objets, CNRS UMR 5215, Université de Toulouse, INSA, UPS, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - L Delevoye
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille, F-59000, France
| | - R M Gauvin
- PSL Research University, Chimie ParisTech - CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, 75005, Paris, France
| | - M Taoufik
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Catalyse, Polymères et Procédés, UMR 5265 CNRS/ESCPE-Lyon/UCBL, ESCPE Lyon, F-308-43, Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
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2
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Bruckhoff T, Paschai Darian LK, Stein CAM, Ballmann J. [PNP]-Stabilized Niobium(IV) and Tantalum(IV) Complexes: Synthesis and Characterization of an Open-Shell Tantalum Alkylidene. Organometallics 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.3c00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Bruckhoff
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 276, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Leon K. Paschai Darian
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 276, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carolin A. M. Stein
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 276, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joachim Ballmann
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 276, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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3
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Rodriguez J, Boudjelel M, Schrock RR, Conley MP. A Tungsten Oxo Alkylidene Supported on Sulfated Zirconium Oxide for Olefin Metathesis. Organometallics 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.3c00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Maxime Boudjelel
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Richard R. Schrock
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Matthew P. Conley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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4
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Nomura K, Mekcham S. Organometallic complexes of vanadium and their reactions. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adomc.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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5
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Liu S, Conley MP, Schrock RR. Synthesis of Mo(IV) para-Substituted Styrene Complexes and an Exploration of Their Conversion to 1-Phenethylidene Complexes. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sumeng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Matthew P. Conley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Richard R. Schrock
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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6
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Lassalle S, Petit J, Falconer RL, Hérault V, Jeanneau E, Thieuleux C, Camp C. Reactivity of Tantalum/Iridium and Hafnium/Iridium Alkyl Hydrides with Alkyl Lithium Reagents: Nucleophilic Addition, Alpha-H Abstraction, or Hydride Deprotonation? Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Lassalle
- Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials, CP2M UMR 5128 CNRS, Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ESCPE Lyon 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Julien Petit
- Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials, CP2M UMR 5128 CNRS, Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ESCPE Lyon 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Rosalyn L. Falconer
- Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials, CP2M UMR 5128 CNRS, Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ESCPE Lyon 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Valentin Hérault
- Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials, CP2M UMR 5128 CNRS, Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ESCPE Lyon 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Erwann Jeanneau
- Centre de Diffractométrie Henri Longchambon Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 5 Rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Chloé Thieuleux
- Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials, CP2M UMR 5128 CNRS, Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ESCPE Lyon 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Clément Camp
- Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials, CP2M UMR 5128 CNRS, Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ESCPE Lyon 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
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7
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Boudjelel M, Riedel R, Schrock RR, Conley MP, Berges AJ, Carta V. Tungstacyclopentane Ring Contraction Yields Olefin Metathesis Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:10929-10942. [PMID: 35675389 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of a solution of the square pyramidal tungstacyclopentane complex W(NAr)(OSiPh3)2(C4H8) (Ar = 2,6-i-Pr2C6H3) to ethylene at 22 °C in ambient (fluorescent) light slowly leads to the formation of propylene and the square pyramidal tungstacyclobutane complex W(NAr)(OSiPh3)2(C3H6). No reaction takes place in the dark, but the reaction is >90% complete in ∼15 min under blue LED light (∼450 nm λmax). The intermediates are proposed to be (first) an α methyl tungstacyclobutane complex (W(NAr)(OSiPh3)2(αMeC3H5)), and then from it, a β methyl version. The TBP versions of each can lose propylene and form a methylene complex, and in the presence of ethylene, the unsubstituted tungstacyclobutane complex W(NAr)(OSiPh3)2(C3H6). The W-Cα bond in an unobservable TBP W(NAr)(OSiPh3)2(C4H8) isomer in which the C4H8 ring is equatorial is proposed to be cleaved homolytically by light. A hydrogen atom moves or is moved from C3 to the terminal C4 carbon in the butyl chain as the bond between W and C3 forms to give the TBP α methyl tungstacyclobutane complex. Essentially, the same behavior is observed for W(NCPh3)(OSiPh3)2(C4H8) as for W(NAr)(OSiPh3)2(C4H8), except that the rate of consumption of W(NCPh3)(OSiPh3)2(C4H8) is about half that of W(NAr)(OSiPh3)2(C4H8). In this case, an α methyl-substituted tungstacyclobutane intermediate is observed, and the overall rate of formation of W(NCPh3)(OSiPh3)2(C3H6) and propylene from W(NCPh3)(OSiPh3)2(C4H8) is ∼20 times slower than in the NAr system. These results constitute the first experimentally documented examples of forming a metallacyclobutane ring from a metallacyclopentane ring (ring contraction) and establish how metathesis-active methylene and metallacyclobutane complexes can be formed and reformed in the presence of ethylene. They also raise the possibility that ambient light could play a role in some metathesis reactions that involve ethylene and tungsten-based imido alkylidene olefin metathesis catalysts, if not others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Boudjelel
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - René Riedel
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Richard R Schrock
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Matthew P Conley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Adam J Berges
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Veronica Carta
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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Takebayashi S, Iron MA, Feller M, Rivada-Wheelaghan O, Leitus G, Diskin-Posner Y, Shimon LJW, Avram L, Carmieli R, Wolf SG, Cohen-Ofri I, Sanguramath RA, Shenhar R, Eisen M, Milstein D. Iron-catalysed ring-opening metathesis polymerization of olefins and mechanistic studies. Nat Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-022-00793-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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9
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Nater DF, Kaul CJ, Lätsch L, Tsurugi H, Mashima K, Copéret C. Olefin Metathesis Catalysts Generated In Situ from Molybdenum(VI)-Oxo Complexes by Tuning Pendant Ligands. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200559. [PMID: 35234311 PMCID: PMC9313794 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Tailored molybdenum(VI)‐oxo complexes of the form MoOCl2(OR)2(OEt2) catalyse olefin metathesis upon reaction with an organosilicon reducing agent at 70 °C, in the presence of olefins. While this reactivity parallels what has recently been observed for the corresponding classical heterogeneous catalysts based on supported metal oxide under similar conditions, the well‐defined nature of our starting molecular systems allows us to understand the influence of structural, spectroscopic and electronic characteristics of the catalytic precursor on the initiation and catalytic proficiency of the final species. The catalytic performances of the pre‐catalysts are determined by the highly electron withdrawing (σ‐donation) character of alkoxide ligands, OtBuF9 being the best. This activity correlates with both the 95Mo chemical shift and the reduction potential that follows the same trend: OtBuF9>OtBuF6>OtBuF3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darryl F Nater
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Christoph J Kaul
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Lätsch
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Hayato Tsurugi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3, Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Kazushi Mashima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3, Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
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10
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Liu S, Boudjelel M, Schrock RR, Conley MP, Tsay C. Interconversion of Molybdenum or Tungsten d 2 Styrene Complexes with d 0 1-Phenethylidene Analogues. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:17209-17218. [PMID: 34633807 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c08086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Upon addition of 5-15% PhNMe2H+X- (X = B(3,5-(CF3)2C6H3)4 or B(C6F5)4) to Mo(NAr)(styrene)(OSiPh3)2 (Ar = N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3) in C6D6 an equilibrium mixture of Mo(NAr)(styrene)(OSiPh3)2 and Mo(NAr)(CMePh)(OSiPh3)2 is formed over 36 h at 45 °C (Keq = 0.36). A plausible intermediate in the interconversion of the styrene and 1-phenethylidene complexes is the 1-phenethyl cation, [Mo(NAr)(CHMePh)(OSiPh3)2]+, which can be generated using [(Et2O)2H][B(C6F5)4] as the acid. The interconversion can be modeled as two equilibria involving protonation of Mo(NAr)(styrene)(OSiPh3)2 or Mo(NAr)(CMePh)(OSiPh3)2 and deprotonation of the α or β phenethyl carbon atom in [Mo(NAr)(CHMePh)(OSiPh3)2]+. The ratio of the rate of deprotonation of [Mo(NAr)(CHMePh)(OSiPh3)2]+ by PhNMe2 in the α position versus the β position is ∼10, or ∼30 per Hβ. The slow step is protonation of Mo(NAr)(styrene)(OSiPh3)2 (k1 = 0.158(4) L/(mol·min)). Proton sources such as (CF3)3COH or Ph3SiOH do not catalyze the interconversion of Mo(NAr)(styrene)(OSiPh3)2 and Mo(NAr)(CMePh)(OSiPh3)2, while the reaction of Mo(NAr)(styrene)(OSiPh3)2 with pyridinium salts generates only a trace (∼2%) of Mo(NAr)(CMePh)(OSiPh3)2 and forms a monopyridine adduct, [Mo(NAr)(CHMePh)(OSiPh3)2(py)]+ (two diastereomers). The structure of [Mo(NAr)(CHMePh)(OSiPh3)2]+ has been confirmed in an X-ray study; there is no structural indication that a β proton is activated through a CHβ interaction with the metal. W(NAr)(CMePh)(OSiPh3)2 is also converted into a mixture of W(NAr)(CMePh)(OSiPh3)2 and W(NAr)(styrene)(OSiPh3)2 (Keq = 0.47 at 45 °C in favor of the styrene complex) with 10% [PhNMe2H][B(C6F5)4] as the catalyst; the time required to reach equilibrium is approximately the same as in the Mo system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumeng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Maxime Boudjelel
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Richard R Schrock
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Matthew P Conley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Charlene Tsay
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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de Graaff S, Chandi A, Schmidtmann M, Beckhaus R. Cooperative Reactions of Pentafulvene Niobium Complexes: Formation of Alkylidene, Imido, Hydrazido, and Niobaaziridine Complexes. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon de Graaff
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Amrit Chandi
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Marc Schmidtmann
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Rüdiger Beckhaus
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Federal Republic of Germany
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12
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Nater DF, Paul B, Lätsch L, Schrock RR, Copéret C. Increasing Olefin Metathesis Activity of Silica‐Supported Molybdenum Imido Adamantylidene Complexes through E Ligand σ‐Donation. Helv Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202100151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Darryl F. Nater
- ETH Zurich Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences ETH Zurich Vladimir Prelog Weg 1–5 CH-8093 Zurich
| | - Bhaskar Paul
- University of California Riverside Department of Chemistry Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Lukas Lätsch
- ETH Zurich Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences ETH Zurich Vladimir Prelog Weg 1–5 CH-8093 Zurich
| | - Richard R. Schrock
- University of California Riverside Department of Chemistry Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Christophe Copéret
- ETH Zurich Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences ETH Zurich Vladimir Prelog Weg 1–5 CH-8093 Zurich
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Nascimento D, Foscato M, Occhipinti G, Jensen VR, Fogg DE. Bimolecular Coupling in Olefin Metathesis: Correlating Structure and Decomposition for Leading and Emerging Ruthenium-Carbene Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:11072-11079. [PMID: 34270895 PMCID: PMC8397316 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c04424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bimolecular catalyst decomposition is a fundamental, long-standing challenge in olefin metathesis. Emerging ruthenium-cyclic(alkyl)(amino)carbene (CAAC) catalysts, which enable breakthrough advances in productivity and general robustness, are now known to be extraordinarily susceptible to this pathway. The details of the process, however, have hitherto been obscure. The present study provides the first detailed mechanistic insights into the steric and electronic factors that govern bimolecular decomposition. Described is a combined experimental and theoretical study that probes decomposition of the key active species, RuCl2(L)(py)(═CH2) 1 (in which L is the N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) H2IMes, or a CAAC ligand: the latter vary in the NAr group (NMes, N-2,6-Et2C6H3, or N-2-Me,6-iPrC6H3) and the substituents on the quaternary site flanking the carbene carbon (i.e., CMe2 or CMePh)). The transiently stabilized pyridine adducts 1 were isolated by cryogenic synthesis of the metallacyclobutanes, addition of pyridine, and precipitation. All are shown to decompose via second-order kinetics at -10 °C. The most vulnerable CAAC species, however, decompose more than 1000-fold faster than the H2IMes analogue. Computational studies reveal that the key factor underlying accelerated decomposition of the CAAC derivatives is their stronger trans influence, which weakens the Ru-py bond and increases the transient concentration of the 14-electron methylidene species, RuCl2(L)(═CH2) 2. Fast catalyst initiation, a major design goal in olefin metathesis, thus has the negative consequence of accelerating decomposition. Inhibiting bimolecular decomposition offers major opportunities to transform catalyst productivity and utility, and to realize the outstanding promise of olefin metathesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel
L. Nascimento
- Center
for Catalysis Research & Innovation, and Department of Chemistry
and Biomolecular Sciences, University of
Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Marco Foscato
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Giovanni Occhipinti
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Vidar R. Jensen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Deryn E. Fogg
- Center
for Catalysis Research & Innovation, and Department of Chemistry
and Biomolecular Sciences, University of
Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada K1N 6N5
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
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14
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Grass A, Kulathungage LW, Wannipurage D, Yousif M, Ward CL, Groysman S. Synthesis, characterization, and alkoxide transfer reactivity of dimeric Tl 2(OR) 2 complexes. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:2501-2509. [PMID: 33514951 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03917a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of LiOCtBu2Ph with TlPF6 forms the dimeric Tl2(OCtBu2Ph)2 complex, a rare example of a homoleptic thallium alkoxide complex demonstrating formally two-coordinate metal centers. Characterization of Tl2(OCtBu2Ph)2 by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography reveals the presence of two isomers differing by the mutual conformation of the alkoxide ligands, and by the planarity of the central Tl-O-Tl-O plane. Tl2(OCtBu2Ph)2 serves as a convenient precursor to the formation of old and new [M(OCtBu2Ph)n] complexes (M = Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn), including a rare example of T-shaped Zn(OCtBu2Ph)2(THF) complex, which could not be previously synthesized using more conventional LiOR/HOR precursors. The reaction of [Ru(cymene)Cl2]2 with Tl2(OCtBu2Ph)2 results in the formation of a ruthenium(ii) alkoxide complex. For ruthenium, the initial coordination of the alkoxide triggers C-H activation at the ortho-H of [OCtBu2Ph] which results in its bidentate coordination. In addition to Tl2(OCtBu2Ph)2, related Tl2(OCtBu2(3,5-Me2C6H3))2 was also synthesized, characterized, and shown to exhibit similar reactivity with iron and ruthenium precursors. Synthetic, structural, and spectroscopic characterizations are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Grass
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave., Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
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15
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Copéret C, Berkson ZJ, Chan KW, de Jesus Silva J, Gordon CP, Pucino M, Zhizhko PA. Olefin metathesis: what have we learned about homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts from surface organometallic chemistry? Chem Sci 2021; 12:3092-3115. [PMID: 34164078 PMCID: PMC8179417 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc06880b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Since its early days, olefin metathesis has been in the focus of scientific discussions and technology development. While heterogeneous olefin metathesis catalysts based on supported group 6 metal oxides have been used for decades in the petrochemical industry, detailed mechanistic studies and the development of molecular organometallic chemistry have led to the development of robust and widely used homogeneous catalysts based on well-defined alkylidenes that have found applications for the synthesis of fine and bulk chemicals and are also used in the polymer industry. The development of the chemistry of high-oxidation group 5-7 alkylidenes and the use of surface organometallic chemistry (SOMC) principles unlocked the preparation of so-called well-defined supported olefin metathesis catalysts. The high activity and stability (often superior to their molecular analogues) and molecular-level characterisation of these systems, that were first reported in 2001, opened the possibility for the first direct structure-activity relationships for supported metathesis catalysts. This review describes first the history of SOMC in the field of olefin metathesis, and then focuses on what has happened since 2007, the date of our last comprehensive reviews in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Copéret
- ETH Zürich, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Vladimir Prelog Weg 2 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Zachariah J Berkson
- ETH Zürich, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Vladimir Prelog Weg 2 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Ka Wing Chan
- ETH Zürich, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Vladimir Prelog Weg 2 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Jordan de Jesus Silva
- ETH Zürich, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Vladimir Prelog Weg 2 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Christopher P Gordon
- ETH Zürich, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Vladimir Prelog Weg 2 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Margherita Pucino
- ETH Zürich, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Vladimir Prelog Weg 2 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Pavel A Zhizhko
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences Vavilov Str. 28 119991 Moscow Russia
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16
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Insights on alkylidene formation on Mo2C: A potential overlap between direct deoxygenation and olefin metathesis. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2020.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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17
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Murai M, Taniguchi R, Kurogi T, Shunsuke M, Takai K. Cyclization of 5-alkynones with chromium alkylidene equivalents generated in situ from gem-dichromiomethanes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:9711-9714. [PMID: 32700694 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03986a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A rare example of cyclization with 5-alkynones, which possess non-polar alkynyl and less electrophilic polar keto carbonyl groups, was demonstrated. The key to promoting carbene/alkyne metathesis followed by alkylidenation with pendant C[double bond, length as m-dash]O double bonds was the Schrock-type nucleophilic reactivity of the generated chromium carbene equivalents from readily available diiodomethanes and CrCl2 by simple heating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahito Murai
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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18
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Grass A, Bellow JA, Morrison G, Zur Loye HC, Lord RL, Groysman S. One electron reduction transforms high-valent low-spin cobalt alkylidene into high-spin cobalt(ii) carbene radical. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:8416-8419. [PMID: 32579653 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03028g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
One electron reduction of formally CoIV(OR)2(CPh2) forms the [CoII(OR)2(CPh2)]- anion. Whereas low-spin Co(OR)2([double bond, length as m-dash]CPh2) demonstrated significant alkylidene character, the high-spin [Co(OR)2(CPh2)]- anion features a rare Co(ii)-carbene radical. Treatment of [Co(OR)2(CPh2)][CoCp*2] with xylyl isocyanide triggers formation of two new C-C bonds, and is likely mediated by nucleophilic attack of deprotonated CoCp*2+ on a transient ketenimine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Grass
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
| | - James A Bellow
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
| | - Gregory Morrison
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Hans-Conrad Zur Loye
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Richard L Lord
- Department of Chemistry, Grand Valley State University, 1 Campus Dr, Allendale, MI 49401, USA.
| | - Stanislav Groysman
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
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19
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Chan KW, Mance D, Safonova OV, Copéret C. Well-Defined Silica-Supported Tungsten(IV)-Oxo Complex: Olefin Metathesis Activity, Initiation, and Role of Brønsted Acid Sites. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:18286-18292. [PMID: 31618022 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b09493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite the importance of the heterogeneous tungsten-oxo-based olefin metathesis catalyst (WO3/SiO2) in industry, understanding of its initiation mechanism is still very limited. It has been proposed that reduced W(IV)-oxo surface species act as precatalysts. In order to understand the reactivity and initiation mechanism of surface W(IV)-oxo species, we synthesized a well-defined silica-supported W(IV)-oxo species, (≡SiO)WO(OtBuF6)(py)3 (F6@SiO2-700; OtBuF6 = OC(CH3)(CF3)2; py = pyridine), via surface organometallic chemistry (SOMC). F6@SiO2-700 was shown to be highly active in olefin metathesis upon removal of pyridine ligands through the addition of tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane (B(C6F5)3) or thermal treatment under high vacuum. The metathesis activity toward olefins with and without allylic C-H groups, namely β-methylstyrene and styrene, respectively, was investigated. In the case of styrene, we demonstrated the role of surface OH groups in initiating metathesis activity. We proposed that the presence of strong Brønsted acidic OH sites, which likely arises from the presence of adjacent W sites in the catalyst as revealed by 15N-labeled pyridine adsorption, can assist styrene metathesis. In contrast, initiation of olefins with allylic C-H groups (e.g., β-methylstyrene) is independent of the surface OH density and likely involves an allylic C-H activation mechanism, like the molecular W(IV)-oxo species. This study indicates that initiation mechanisms depend on the olefinic substrates and reveals the synergistic effect of Brønsted acidic surface sites and reduced W(IV) sites in the initiation of olefin metathesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Wing Chan
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5 , CH-8093 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Deni Mance
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5 , CH-8093 Zurich , Switzerland
| | | | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5 , CH-8093 Zurich , Switzerland
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20
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Bertus
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), UMR 6283 CNRS, Le Mans Université, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9, France
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21
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Zhizhko PA, Toth F, Gordon CP, Chan KW, Liao W, Mougel V, Copéret C. Molecular and Silica‐Supported Mo and W d
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Imido‐Methoxybenzylidene Complexes: Structure and Metathesis Activity. Helv Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201900190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel A. Zhizhko
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesETH Zürich Vladimir Prelog Weg 1–5 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement CompoundsRussian Academy of Sciences Vavilov str. 28 RU-119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Florian Toth
- XiMo Hungary Zahony u. 7 HU-1031 Budapest Hungary
| | - Christopher P. Gordon
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesETH Zürich Vladimir Prelog Weg 1–5 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Ka Wing Chan
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesETH Zürich Vladimir Prelog Weg 1–5 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Wei‐Chih Liao
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesETH Zürich Vladimir Prelog Weg 1–5 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
- Current address: Department of ChemistryUniversity of California Berkeley Berkeley California 94720 USA
| | - Victor Mougel
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesETH Zürich Vladimir Prelog Weg 1–5 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesETH Zürich Vladimir Prelog Weg 1–5 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
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22
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Pucino M, Zhai F, Gordon CP, Mance D, Hoveyda AH, Schrock RR, Copéret C. Silica-Supported Molybdenum Oxo Alkylidenes: Bridging the Gap between Internal and Terminal Olefin Metathesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:11816-11819. [PMID: 31099940 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201903325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Grafting a molybdenum oxo alkylidene on silica (partially dehydroxylated at 700 °C) affords the first example of a well-defined silica-supported Mo oxo alkylidene, which is an analogue of the putative active sites in heterogeneous Mo-based metathesis catalysts. In contrast to its tungsten analogue, which shows poor activity towards terminal olefins because of the formation of a stable off-cycle metallacyclobutane intermediate, the Mo catalyst shows high metathesis activity for both terminal and internal olefins that is consistent with the lower stability of Mo metallacyclobutane intermediates. This Mo oxo metathesis catalyst also outperforms its corresponding neutral silica-supported Mo and W imido analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Pucino
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Bioscience, ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 2, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Feng Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Christopher P Gordon
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Bioscience, ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 2, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Deni Mance
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Bioscience, ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 2, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Amir H Hoveyda
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA.,Supramolecular Science and Engineering Institute, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Richard R Schrock
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Bioscience, ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 2, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
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23
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Pucino M, Zhai F, Gordon CP, Mance D, Hoveyda AH, Schrock RR, Copéret C. Silica‐Supported Molybdenum Oxo Alkylidenes: Bridging the Gap between Internal and Terminal Olefin Metathesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201903325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Pucino
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Bioscience ETH Zürich Vladimir Prelog Weg 2 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Feng Zhai
- Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Christopher P. Gordon
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Bioscience ETH Zürich Vladimir Prelog Weg 2 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Deni Mance
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Bioscience ETH Zürich Vladimir Prelog Weg 2 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Amir H. Hoveyda
- Department of Chemistry Merkert Chemistry Center Boston College Chestnut Hill MA 02467 USA
- Supramolecular Science and Engineering Institute University of Strasbourg, CNRS 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Richard R. Schrock
- Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Bioscience ETH Zürich Vladimir Prelog Weg 2 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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24
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Copéret C. Single-Sites and Nanoparticles at Tailored Interfaces Prepared via Surface Organometallic Chemistry from Thermolytic Molecular Precursors. Acc Chem Res 2019; 52:1697-1708. [PMID: 31150207 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneous catalysts are complex by nature, making particularly difficult to assess the structure of their active sites. Such complexity is inherited in part from their mode of preparation, which typically involves coprecipitation or impregnation of metal salts in aqueous solution, and the associated complex surface chemistries. In this context, surface organometallic chemistry (SOMC) has emerged as a powerful approach to generate well-defined surface species, where the metal sites are introduced by grafting tailored molecular precursors. When combined with thermolytic molecular precursors (TMPs) that can lose their organic moieties quite readily upon thermal treatment, SOMC provides access to supported isolated metal sites with defined oxidation state and nuclearity inherited from the precursor. The resulting surface species bear unusual coordination imposed by the surface that provides them high reactivity in comparison with their molecular precursor. In addition, these molecularly defined species bare strong resemblance with the active sites of supported metal oxides. However, they typically contain a higher proportion of active sites making structure-activity relationship possible. They thus constitute ideal models for this important class of industrial catalysts that are used in numerous applications such as olefin epoxidation (Shell process), olefin metathesis (triolefin process), ethylene polymerization (Phillips catalysts), or propane dehydrogenation (Catofin and related processes). This SOMC/TMP approach can thus provide detailed information about the structure of active sites in industrial catalysts, their mode of initiation and deactivation, as well as the role of the support and specific thermal treatment on the final activity of the catalysts. Nonetheless, these structurally characterized surface sites still exhibit heterogeneous environments borrowed from the support itself, that explain the intrinsic complexity of heterogeneous catalysis. Furthermore, SOMC/TMP can also be used to generate and investigate supported metal nanoparticles. Starting from the well-defined isolated sites, that also contain adjacent surface OH groups, one can graft a second metal and then generate after treatment under hydrogen small and narrowly dispersed alloys or nanoparticles with tailored interfaces that can show improved catalytic performances and are amiable to detailed structure-activity relationships. This approach is illustrated by two case studies: (1) formation of supported copper nanoparticles at tailored interfaces that contain isolated metal sites for the selective hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to methanol, allowing for a detailed understanding of the role of dopants and supports in heterogeneous catalysis, and (2) preparation of highly selective and productive propane dehydrogenation catalysts based on silica-supported Pt xGa y alloy. Overall, this Account shows how the combination of SOMC and TMP helps to generate catalysts, particularly suited for elucidating structural characterization of active sites at a molecular-level which in turn enables structure-activity relationship to be drawn. Such detailed information obtained on well-defined catalysts can then be used to understand complex effects observed in industrial catalysts (effects of supports, additives, dopants, etc.), and to extract information that can then be used to improve them in a more rational way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg. 1-5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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25
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García‐Morales C, Pei X, Sarria Toro JM, Echavarren AM. Direct Observation of Aryl Gold(I) Carbenes that Undergo Cyclopropanation, C-H Insertion, and Dimerization Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:3957-3961. [PMID: 30644625 PMCID: PMC6593763 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201814577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Mesityl gold(I) carbenes lacking heteroatom stabilization or shielding ancillary ligands have been generated and spectroscopically characterized from chloro(mesityl)methylgold(I) carbenoids bearing JohnPhos-type ligands by chloride abstraction with GaCl3 . The aryl carbenes react with PPh3 and alkenes to give stable phosphonium ylides and cyclopropanes, respectively. Oxidation with pyridine N-oxide and intermolecular C-H insertion to cyclohexane have also been observed. In the absence of nucleophiles, a bimolecular reaction, similar to that observed for other metal carbenes, leads to a symmetrical alkene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina García‐Morales
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)Av. Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química OrgànicaUniversitat Rovira i Virgili43007TarragonaSpain
| | - Xiao‐Li Pei
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)Av. Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
| | - Juan M. Sarria Toro
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)Av. Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
| | - Antonio M. Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)Av. Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química OrgànicaUniversitat Rovira i Virgili43007TarragonaSpain
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26
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García‐Morales C, Pei X, Sarria Toro JM, Echavarren AM. Direct Observation of Aryl Gold(I) Carbenes that Undergo Cyclopropanation, C−H Insertion, and Dimerization Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201814577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina García‐Morales
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química OrgànicaUniversitat Rovira i Virgili 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Xiao‐Li Pei
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Juan M. Sarria Toro
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Antonio M. Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química OrgànicaUniversitat Rovira i Virgili 43007 Tarragona Spain
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27
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Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2017. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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28
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Chantarojsiri T, Reath AH, Yang JY. Cationic Charges Leading to an Inverse Free‐Energy Relationship for N−N Bond Formation by Mn
VI
Nitrides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:14037-14042. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teera Chantarojsiri
- Department of Chemistry University of California Irvine CA USA
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand
| | | | - Jenny Y. Yang
- Department of Chemistry University of California Irvine CA USA
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29
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Chantarojsiri T, Reath AH, Yang JY. Cationic Charges Leading to an Inverse Free‐Energy Relationship for N−N Bond Formation by Mn
VI
Nitrides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Teera Chantarojsiri
- Department of Chemistry University of California Irvine CA USA
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand
| | | | - Jenny Y. Yang
- Department of Chemistry University of California Irvine CA USA
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30
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Chan KW, Lam E, D'Anna V, Allouche F, Michel C, Safonova OV, Sautet P, Copéret C. C-H Activation and Proton Transfer Initiate Alkene Metathesis Activity of the Tungsten(IV)-Oxo Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:11395-11401. [PMID: 30110534 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b06603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In alkene metathesis, while group 6 (Mo or W) high-oxidation state alkylidenes are accepted to be key reaction intermediates for both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, it has been proposed that low valent species in their +4 oxidation state can serve as precatalysts. However, the activation mechanism for these latter species-generating alkylidenes-is still an open question. Here, we report the syntheses of tungsten(IV)-oxo bisalkoxide molecular complexes stabilized by pyridine ligands, WO(OR)2py3 (R = CMe(CF3)2 (2a), R = Si(O tBu)3 (2b), and R = C(CF3)3 (2c); py = pyridine), and show that upon activation with B(C6F5)3 they display alkene metathesis activities comparable to W(VI)-oxo alkylidenes. The initiation mechanism is examined by kinetic, isotope labeling and computational studies. Experimental evidence reveals that the presence of an allylic CH group in the alkene reactant is crucial for initiating alkene metathesis. Deuterium labeling of the allylic C-H group shows a primary kinetic isotope effect on the rate of initiation. DFT calculations support the formation of an allyl hydride intermediate via activation of the allylic C-H bond and show that formation of the metallacyclobutane from the allyl "hydride" involves a proton transfer facilitated by the coordination of a Lewis acid (B(C6F5)3) and assisted by a Lewis base (pyridine). This proton transfer step is rate determining and yields the metathesis active species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Wing Chan
- ETH Zürich , Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5 , CH-8093 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Erwin Lam
- ETH Zürich , Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5 , CH-8093 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Vincenza D'Anna
- Univ Lyon, Ens de Lyon , CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie , F-69342 Lyon , France
| | - Florian Allouche
- ETH Zürich , Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5 , CH-8093 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Carine Michel
- Univ Lyon, Ens de Lyon , CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie , F-69342 Lyon , France
| | | | - Philippe Sautet
- Univ Lyon, Ens de Lyon , CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie , F-69342 Lyon , France.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Christophe Copéret
- ETH Zürich , Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5 , CH-8093 Zurich , Switzerland
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31
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Manßen M, Dierks A, de Graaff S, Schmidtmann M, Beckhaus R. Bis(η5
:η1
-pentafulvene)niobium(V) Complexes: Efficient Synthons for Niobium Carbene and Imido Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Manßen
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Anna Dierks
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Simon de Graaff
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Marc Schmidtmann
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Rüdiger Beckhaus
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
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32
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Manßen M, Dierks A, de Graaff S, Schmidtmann M, Beckhaus R. Bis(η5
:η1
-pentafulvene)niobium(V) Complexes: Efficient Synthons for Niobium Carbene and Imido Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:12062-12066. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Manßen
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Anna Dierks
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Simon de Graaff
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Marc Schmidtmann
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Rüdiger Beckhaus
- Institut für Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg; Postfach 2503 26111 Oldenburg Germany
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Copéret C, Allouche F, Chan KW, Conley MP, Delley MF, Fedorov A, Moroz IB, Mougel V, Pucino M, Searles K, Yamamoto K, Zhizhko PA. Bridging the Gap between Industrial and Well‐Defined Supported Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:6398-6440. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201702387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Florian Allouche
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Ka Wing Chan
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Matthew P. Conley
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
- Current address: Department of ChemistryUniversity of California, Riverside 501 Big Springs Road Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Murielle F. Delley
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Alexey Fedorov
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Ilia B. Moroz
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Victor Mougel
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
- Current address: Laboratoire de Chimie des Processus Biologiques, UMR CNRS 8229, Collège de FranceUniversité Pierre et Marie Curie 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot 75005 Paris France
| | - Margherita Pucino
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Keith Searles
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Keishi Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Pavel A. Zhizhko
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement CompoundsRussian Academy of Sciences Vavilov street 28 119991 Moscow Russia
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Bailey GA, Foscato M, Higman CS, Day CS, Jensen VR, Fogg DE. Bimolecular Coupling as a Vector for Decomposition of Fast-Initiating Olefin Metathesis Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:6931-6944. [PMID: 29652496 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b02709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The correlation between rapid initiation and rapid decomposition in olefin metathesis is probed for a series of fast-initiating, phosphine-free Ru catalysts: the Hoveyda catalyst HII, RuCl2(L)(═CHC6H4- o-O iPr); the Grela catalyst nG (a derivative of HII with a nitro group para to O iPr); the Piers catalyst PII, [RuCl2(L)(═CHPCy3)]OTf; the third-generation Grubbs catalyst GIII, RuCl2(L)(py)2(═CHPh); and dianiline catalyst DA, RuCl2(L)( o-dianiline)(═CHPh), in all of which L = H2IMes = N,N'-bis(mesityl)imidazolin-2-ylidene. Prior studies of ethylene metathesis have established that various Ru metathesis catalysts can decompose by β-elimination of propene from the metallacyclobutane intermediate RuCl2(H2IMes)(κ2-C3H6), Ru-2. The present work demonstrates that in metathesis of terminal olefins, β-elimination yields only ca. 25-40% propenes for HII, nG, PII, or DA, and none for GIII. The discrepancy is attributed to competing decomposition via bimolecular coupling of methylidene intermediate RuCl2(H2IMes)(═CH2), Ru-1. Direct evidence for methylidene coupling is presented, via the controlled decomposition of transiently stabilized adducts of Ru-1, RuCl2(H2IMes)Ln(═CH2) (Ln = py n'; n' = 1, 2, or o-dianiline). These adducts were synthesized by treating in situ-generated metallacyclobutane Ru-2 with pyridine or o-dianiline, and were isolated by precipitating at low temperature (-116 or -78 °C, respectively). On warming, both undergo methylidene coupling, liberating ethylene and forming RuCl2(H2IMes)Ln. A mechanism is proposed based on kinetic studies and molecular-level computational analysis. Bimolecular coupling emerges as an important contributor to the instability of Ru-1, and a potentially major pathway for decomposition of fast-initiating, phosphine-free metathesis catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwendolyn A Bailey
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , ON , Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Marco Foscato
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bergen , Allégaten 41 , N-5007 Bergen , Norway
| | - Carolyn S Higman
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , ON , Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Craig S Day
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , ON , Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Vidar R Jensen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bergen , Allégaten 41 , N-5007 Bergen , Norway
| | - Deryn E Fogg
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , ON , Canada K1N 6N5
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35
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Copéret C, Allouche F, Chan KW, Conley MP, Delley MF, Fedorov A, Moroz IB, Mougel V, Pucino M, Searles K, Yamamoto K, Zhizhko PA. Eine Brücke zwischen industriellen und wohldefinierten Trägerkatalysatoren. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201702387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Copéret
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Florian Allouche
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Ka Wing Chan
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Matthew P. Conley
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of California, Riverside 501 Big Springs Road Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Murielle F. Delley
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Alexey Fedorov
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Ilia B. Moroz
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Victor Mougel
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Processus Biologiques, UMR CNRS 8229, Collège de FranceUniversité Pierre et Marie Curie 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot 75005 Paris Frankreich
| | - Margherita Pucino
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Keith Searles
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Keishi Yamamoto
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Pavel A. Zhizhko
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
- A. N. Nesmeyanow-Institut für Elementorganische VerbindungenRussische Akademie der Wissenschaften Vavilov str. 28 119991 Moskau Russland
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36
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Liu S, Rong C, Lu T, Hu H. Identifying Strong Covalent Interactions with Pauli Energy. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:3087-3095. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b00521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chunying Rong
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, P. R. China
| | - Tian Lu
- Beijing
Kein Research
Center for Natural Sciences, Beijing 100022, P. R. China
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37
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Zhizhko PA, Mougel V, De Jesus Silva J, Copéret C. Benchmarked Intrinsic Olefin Metathesis Activity: Mo vs
. W. Helv Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201700302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel A. Zhizhko
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich; Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Victor Mougel
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich; Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Jordan De Jesus Silva
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich; Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich; Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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38
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Gordon CP, Yamamoto K, Searles K, Shirase S, Andersen RA, Eisenstein O, Copéret C. Metal alkyls programmed to generate metal alkylidenes by α-H abstraction: prognosis from NMR chemical shift. Chem Sci 2018; 9:1912-1918. [PMID: 29675237 PMCID: PMC5890791 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc05039a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal alkylidenes, which are key organometallic intermediates in reactions such as olefination or alkene and alkane metathesis, are typically generated from metal dialkyl compounds [M](CH2R)2 that show distinctively deshielded chemical shifts for their α-carbons. Experimental solid-state NMR measurements combined with DFT/ZORA calculations and a chemical shift tensor analysis reveal that this remarkable deshielding originates from an empty metal d-orbital oriented in the M-Cα-Cα' plane, interacting with the Cα p-orbital lying in the same plane. This π-type interaction inscribes some alkylidene character into Cα that favors alkylidene generation via α-H abstraction. The extent of the deshielding and the anisotropy of the alkyl chemical shift tensors distinguishes [M](CH2R)2 compounds that form alkylidenes from those that do not, relating the reactivity to molecular orbitals of the respective molecules. The α-carbon chemical shifts and tensor orientations thus predict the reactivity of metal alkyl compounds towards alkylidene generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher P Gordon
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5 , 8093 , Zürich , Switzerland .
| | - Keishi Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5 , 8093 , Zürich , Switzerland .
| | - Keith Searles
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5 , 8093 , Zürich , Switzerland .
| | - Satoru Shirase
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5 , 8093 , Zürich , Switzerland . .,Department of Chemistry , Graduate School of Engineering Science , Osaka University , Toyonaka , Osaka 560-8531 , Japan
| | - Richard A Andersen
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , USA .
| | - Odile Eisenstein
- Institut Charles Gerhardt , UMR 5253 CNRS-UM-ENSCM , Université de Montpellier , 34095 Montpellier , France . .,Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences , Department of Chemistry , University of Oslo , P.O. Box 1033, Blindern , 0315 Oslo , Norway
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5 , 8093 , Zürich , Switzerland .
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Gao Y, Emge TJ, Krogh-Jespersen K, Goldman AS. Selective Dehydrogenative Coupling of Ethylene to Butadiene via an Iridacyclopentane Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:2260-2264. [PMID: 29338213 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b11689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
An iridium complex is found to catalyze the selective dehydrogenative coupling of ethylene to 1,3-butadiene. The key intermediate, and a major resting state, is an iridacyclopentane that undergoes a surprisingly facile β-H elimination, enabled by a partial dechelation (κ3-κ2) of the supporting 3,5-dimethylphenyl-2,6-bis(oxazolinyl) ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Thomas J Emge
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Karsten Krogh-Jespersen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Alan S Goldman
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
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40
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Munz
- Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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41
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Affiliation(s)
- Karsten Meyer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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42
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Wolczanski PT. Activation of Carbon–Hydrogen Bonds via 1,2-RH-Addition/-Elimination to Early Transition Metal Imides. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter T. Wolczanski
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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Bailey GA, Lummiss JAM, Foscato M, Occhipinti G, McDonald R, Jensen VR, Fogg DE. Decomposition of Olefin Metathesis Catalysts by Brønsted Base: Metallacyclobutane Deprotonation as a Primary Deactivating Event. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:16446-16449. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b08578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gwendolyn A. Bailey
- Center
for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry
and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Justin A. M. Lummiss
- Center
for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry
and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Marco Foscato
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Giovanni Occhipinti
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Robert McDonald
- X-Ray
Crystallography Laboratory, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Vidar R. Jensen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Deryn E. Fogg
- Center
for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry
and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada
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44
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Duncan AP, Johnson AR, Nataro C. Literature-Based Teaching Strategies for Organometallic Courses. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P. Duncan
- Department
of Chemistry, Willamette University, Salem, Oregon 97301, United States
| | - Adam R. Johnson
- Department
of Chemistry, Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, California 91711, United States
| | - Chip Nataro
- Department
of Chemistry, Lafayette College, Easton, Pennsylvania 18042, United States
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45
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Affiliation(s)
- Deryn E. Fogg
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, and Centre for Catalysis Research & Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
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