1
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Bekiş DF, Thomas-Hargreaves LR, Ivlev SI, Buchner MR. Multinuclear beryllium amide and imide complexes: structure, properties and bonding. Dalton Trans 2024. [PMID: 39229744 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt02269f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
The beryllium amide and imide complexes [Be(HNMes)2]3, [(py)2Be(HNMes)2], [Be(HNDipp)2]2, [Be(NPh2)(μ2-HNDipp)]2 and [Be(NCPh2)2]3 have been prepared and characterised with NMR and IR spectroscopy as well as single crystal X-ray diffraction. Analysis of the localised molecular orbitals (LMOs) and intrinsic atomic orbital (IAO) atomic charges in the framework of the intrinsic bond orbital (IBO) localization method revealed a covalent bonding network consisting of 2-electron-2-centre and 2-electron-3-centre σ bonds, in which one electron pair of the anionic N-donor ligands is involved. The electron deficiency at the beryllium atoms is partially compensated through additional electron donation from the lone pair at the nitrogen atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz F Bekiş
- Anorganische Chemie, Nachwuchsgruppe Hauptgruppenmetallchemie, Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Lewis R Thomas-Hargreaves
- Anorganische Chemie, Nachwuchsgruppe Hauptgruppenmetallchemie, Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Sergei I Ivlev
- Anorganische Chemie, Nachwuchsgruppe Hauptgruppenmetallchemie, Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Magnus R Buchner
- Anorganische Chemie, Nachwuchsgruppe Hauptgruppenmetallchemie, Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany.
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2
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Berthold C, Maurer J, Klerner L, Harder S, Buchner MR. Formation, Structure and Reactivity of a Beryllium(0) Complex with Mg δ+-Be δ- Bond Polarization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202408422. [PMID: 38818668 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202408422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Attempts to create a novel Mg-Be bond by reaction of [(DIPePBDI*)MgNa]2 with Be[N(SiMe3)2]2 failed; DIPePBDI*=HC[(tBu)C=N(DIPeP)]2, DIPeP=2,6-Et2C-phenyl. Even at elevated temperatures, no conversion was observed. This is likely caused by strong steric shielding of the Be center. A similar reaction with the more open Cp*BeCl gave in quantitative yield (DIPePBDI*)MgBeCp* (1). The crystal structure shows a Mg-Be bond of 2.469(4) Å. Homolytic cleavage of the Mg-Be bond requires ΔH=69.6 kcal mol-1 (cf. CpBe-BeCp 69.0 kcal mol-1 and (DIPPBDI)Mg-Mg(DIPPBDI) 55.8 kcal mol-1). Natural-Population-Analysis (NPA) shows fragment charges: (DIPePBDI*)Mg +0.27/BeCp* -0.27. The very low NPA charge on Be (+0.62) compared to Mg (+1.21) and the strongly upfield 9Be NMR signal at -23.7 ppm are in line with considerable electron density on Be and the formal oxidation state assignment of MgII-Be0. Despite this Mgδ+-Beδ- polarity, 1 is extremely thermally stable and unreactive towards H2, CO, N2, cyclohexene and carbodiimide. It reacted with benzophenone, azobenzene, phenyl acetylene, CO2 and CS2. Reaction with 1-adamantyl azide led to reductive coupling and formation of an N6-chain. The azide reagent also inserted in the Cp*-Be bond. The inertness of 1 is likely due to bulky ligands protecting the Mg-Be unit.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Johannes Maurer
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lukas Klerner
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sjoerd Harder
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Magnus R Buchner
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35043, Marburg, Germany
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3
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Buchner MR, Kreuzer LK, Thomas-Hargreaves LR, Müller M, Ivlev SI, Frenking G, Pan S. Mono-Ortho-Beryllated Carbodiphosphoranes: Synthesis, Structure, Bonding and Reactivity. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400966. [PMID: 38530217 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The reaction of organoberyllium compounds with hexaphenylcarbodiphosphorane yields mono-ortho-beryllated complexes, which feature a double dative Be=C bond. The bonding situation in these compounds together with a simple carbodiphosphorane and an N-heterocyclic carbene adduct was analysed with energy decomposition analysis in combination with natural orbital for chemical valence as well as with quantum theory of atoms-in-molecules. Furthermore, the driving forces accountable for mono-ortho-beryllation were elucidated along with the reactivity of the Be=C bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus R Buchner
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Lukas K Kreuzer
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Müller
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Sergei I Ivlev
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Gernot Frenking
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Sudip Pan
- Sudip Pan, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130023, China
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4
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Czernetzki C, Arrowsmith M, Endres L, Krummenacher I, Braunschweig H. Tricoordinate Beryllium Radicals and Their Reactivity. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:2670-2678. [PMID: 38259240 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The one-electron reduction of [(CAAC)Be(Dur)Br] (CAAC = cyclic alkyl(amino)carbene, Dur = 2,3,5,6-tetramethylphenyl = duryl) with lithium sand in diethyl ether yields the first neutral, tricoordinate, and moderately stable beryllium radical, [(CAAC)(Et2O)BeDur]• (2-Et2O), which undergoes a facile second one-electron reduction concomitant with the insertion of the beryllium center into the endocyclic C-NCAAC bond and a cyclopropane-forming C-H bond activation of an adjacent methyl group. In situ generation of 2-Et2O and addition of PMe3 yield the stable analogue, [(CAAC)(Me3P)BeDur]• (2-PMe3), which serves as a platform for PMe3-ligand exchange with stronger donors, generating the radicals [(CAAC)LBeDur]• (2-L, L = isocyanides, pyridines, and N-heterocyclic carbenes). X-ray structural analyses show trigonal-planar beryllium centers and strong π backbonding from the metal to the CAAC ligand. The EPR signals of all six isolated [(CAAC)LBeDur]• radicals display significant, albeit small, hyperfine coupling to the 9Be nucleus. DFT calculations show that the spin density is mostly delocalized over the CAAC π framework and, where present, the isocyanide CN moiety, with only a small proportion (3-6%) on the beryllium center. 2-PMe3 proved thermally unstable at 80 °C, first undergoing radical hydrogen abstraction with the solvent, followed by insertion of beryllium into the endocyclic C-NCAAC bond and PMe3 transfer to the former carbene carbon atom. The reactions with diphenyl disulfide and phenyl azide occur at the beryllium center and yield the corresponding Be(II) phenyl sulfide and amino complexes, respectively, the latter concomitant with radical transfer and hydrogen abstraction by the beryllium-bound nitrogen center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Czernetzki
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Merle Arrowsmith
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Lukas Endres
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
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5
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Buchner MR, Thomas-Hargreaves LR, Berthold C, Bekiş DF, Ivlev SI. A Preference for Heterolepticity - Schlenk Type Equilibria in Organometallic Beryllium Systems. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302495. [PMID: 37575053 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of homoleptic beryllium halide with diphenyl beryllium complexes leads to the clean formation of heteroleptic beryllium Grignard compounds [(L)1-2 BePhX]1-2 (X=Cl, Br, I; L=C-, N-, O-donor ligand). The influence of ligands and solvent on these compounds, their formation and exchange equilibria in solution were investigated, together with the factors determining the complex constitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus R Buchner
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Chantsalmaa Berthold
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Deniz F Bekiş
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Sergei I Ivlev
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
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6
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Buchner MR, Ćoćić D, Ivlev SI, Spang N, Müller M, Puchta R. Ligand exchange at tetra-coordinated beryllium centres. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:5287-5296. [PMID: 36988038 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00713h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Mono and dinuclear phosphine complexes of beryllium halides [(PMe3)2BeX2], [(PMe3)BeX2]2 and [(PCy3)BeX2]2 (X = Cl, Br, I) were synthesised and characterised via NMR and IR spectroscopy as well as single crystal X-ray diffraction experiments. Dissociation and ligand exchange processes at these complexes were investigated through variable temperature NMR experiments in combination with line shape analysis and complemented by quantum chemical calculations. The PMe3 dissociation energy is smallest in [(PMe3)2BeCl2], while PMe3 exchange is similar in energy in all mononuclear [(PMe3)2BeX2] complexes and follows an interchange mechanism. While [(PMe3)BeX2]2 dissociates homolytically, [(PCy3)BeX2]2 cleaves one phosphine ligand. These distinctive dissociation processes account for the different chemical behaviour of these complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus R Buchner
- Anorganische Chemie, Nachwuchsgruppe Hauptgruppenmetallchemie, Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Dušan Ćoćić
- Anorganische und Metallorganische Chemie, Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
- Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, P. O. Box 60, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Sergei I Ivlev
- Anorganische Chemie, Nachwuchsgruppe Hauptgruppenmetallchemie, Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Nils Spang
- Anorganische Chemie, Nachwuchsgruppe Hauptgruppenmetallchemie, Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Matthias Müller
- Anorganische Chemie, Nachwuchsgruppe Hauptgruppenmetallchemie, Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Ralph Puchta
- Anorganische und Metallorganische Chemie, Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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7
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Thomas-Hargreaves LR, Müller M, Spang N, Ivlev SI, Buchner MR. Behavior of Lewis Bases toward Diphenylberyllium. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthias Müller
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Nils Spang
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Sergei I. Ivlev
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Magnus R. Buchner
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
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8
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Buchner MR, Thomas‐Hargreaves LR, Kreuzer LK, Spang N, Ivlev SI. Dimethylsulfide Adducts of the Beryllium Halides. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus R. Buchner
- Fachbereich Chemie Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | | | - Lukas K. Kreuzer
- Fachbereich Chemie Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Nils Spang
- Fachbereich Chemie Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Sergei I. Ivlev
- Fachbereich Chemie Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Germany
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9
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Liu X, Zhang M, Zhong R, Wu S, Liu Y, Geng Y, Su Z. Computational Study of sp x (x=1-3)-Hybridized Be-Be Bonds Stabilized by Amidinate Ligands. Chemistry 2020; 26:10891-10895. [PMID: 32297691 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Complexes containing odd-electron Be-Be bonds are still rare until now. Hereby, a series of neutral di-beryllium amidinate complexes containing a Be-Be bond were explored theoretically. The complexes with direct chelation with the Be2 dimer by the bidentate amidinate (AMD) ligands are always corresponding to their global minimum structures. The detailed bonding analyses reveal that the localized electrons of the Be-Be fragment can be adjusted by the amount of AMD ligands because each AMD ligand only takes one electron from the Be2 fragment. Meanwhile, the hybridization of the central Be atom also changes as the number of AMD ligands increases. In particular, the sp3 -hybridized single-electron Be-Be bond is firstly identified in the tri-AMD-ligands-chelated neutral D3h -Be2 (AMD)3 complex, which also possesses the higher stability compared to its monoanionic D3h -Be2 (AMD)3 - and monocationic C3 -Be2 (AMD)3 + analogues. Importantly, our study provides a new approach to obtain a neutral odd-electron Be-Be bond, namely by the use of radical ligands through side-on chelation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingman Liu
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of, Chemistry, National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for, Power Battery, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of, Chemistry, National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for, Power Battery, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Ronglin Zhong
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130023, P. R. China
| | - Shuixing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage and, Energy Conversion of Hainan Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Liu
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of, Chemistry, National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for, Power Battery, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Yun Geng
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of, Chemistry, National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for, Power Battery, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Zhongmin Su
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of, Chemistry, National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for, Power Battery, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
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Müller M, Karttunen AJ, Buchner MR. Speciation of Be 2+ in acidic liquid ammonia and formation of tetra- and octanuclear beryllium amido clusters. Chem Sci 2020; 11:5415-5422. [PMID: 34094068 PMCID: PMC8159412 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01112f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The hexa-μ2-amido-tetraammine-tetraberyllium compounds [Be4(NH2)6(NH3)4]X2 (X = Cl, Br, I, CN, SCN, N3) have been prepared from beryllium metal and NH4X or [Be(NH3)4]X2 in liquid ammonia at ambient temperature. The obtained compounds feature an adamantyl shaped complex cation, which was examined via X-ray diffraction, IR, Raman and NMR spectroscopy. The speciation in solution was studied via15N labeling experiments supplemented with quantum chemistry. Hereby, the intermediates [Be2(NH2)(NH3)6]3+ and [Be3(NH2)3(NH3)6]3+ were identified. Reactivity studies provided bis(N-acetimidoylacetamidinato-N,N′)-beryllium(ii), when [Be4(NH2)6(NH3)4]2+ was treated with acetonitrile. While the unprecedented octa-nuclear complex cation [Be8O(NH2)12(C5H5N)4]2+ was received from pyridine. This cluster proves that the [Be4O]6+ core can be stabilized without bidentate O-donor ligands. The boundaries of beryllium metal oxidation in acidic ammonia have been explored. This enabled the isolation of the tetra- and octa-nuclear beryllium amide complexes. The latter exhibits a completely new structural motive in coordination chemistry.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Müller
- Anorganische Chemie, Nachwuchsgruppe Berylliumchemie, Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Germany +49 6421 2825669 +49 6421 2825668
| | - Antti J Karttunen
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto University 00076 Aalto Finland
| | - Magnus R Buchner
- Anorganische Chemie, Nachwuchsgruppe Berylliumchemie, Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Germany +49 6421 2825669 +49 6421 2825668
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11
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Buchanan JK, Plieger PG. 9Be nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy trends in discrete complexes: an update. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2020-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
9Be solution NMR spectroscopy is a useful tool for the characterisation of beryllium complexes. An updated comprehensive table of the 9Be NMR chemical shifts of beryllium complexes in solution is presented. The recent additions span a greater range of chemical shifts than those previously reported, and more overlap is observed between the chemical shift regions of four-coordinate complexes and those with lower coordination numbers. Four-coordinate beryllium species have smaller ω
1/2 values than the two- and three-coordinate species due to their higher order symmetry. In contrast to previous studies, no clear relationship is observed between chemical shift and the size and number of chelate rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna K. Buchanan
- School of Fundamental Sciences , Massey University , Private Bag 11222 , Palmerston North , New Zealand
| | - Paul G. Plieger
- School of Fundamental Sciences , Massey University , Private Bag 11222 , Palmerston North , New Zealand
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12
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Wang G, Walley JE, Dickie DA, Pan S, Frenking G, Gilliard RJ. A Stable, Crystalline Beryllium Radical Cation. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:4560-4564. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b13777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guocang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, 409 McCormick Road, P.O. Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Jacob E. Walley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, 409 McCormick Road, P.O. Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Diane A. Dickie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, 409 McCormick Road, P.O. Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Sudip Pan
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, D-35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Gernot Frenking
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, D-35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Robert J. Gilliard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, 409 McCormick Road, P.O. Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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Abstract
Recently, we have witnessed significant progress with regard to the synthesis of molecular alkaline earth metal reagents and catalysts. To provide new precursors for light alkaline earth metal chemistry, molecular aryloxide and alkoxide complexes of beryllium and magnesium are reported. The reaction of beryllium chloride dietherate with two equivalents of 1,3-diisopropyl-4,5-dimethylimidizol-2-ylidine (sIPr) results in the formation of a bis(N-heterocyclic carbene) (NHC) beryllium dichloride complex, (sIPr)2BeCl2 (1). Compound 1 reacts with lithium diisopropylphenoxide (LiODipp) or sodium ethoxide (NaOEt) to form the terminal aryloxide (sIPr)Be(ODipp)2 (2) and alkoxide dimer [(sIPr)Be(OEt)Cl]2 (3), respectively. Compounds 2 and 3 represent the first beryllium alkoxide and aryloxide species supported by NHCs. Structurally related dimers of magnesium, [(sIPr)Mg(OEt)Brl]2 (4) and [(sIPr)Mg(OEt)Me]2 (5), were also prepared. Compounds 1-5 were characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies, 1H, 13C, and 9Be NMR spectroscopy where applicable.
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14
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Walley JE, Obi AD, Breiner G, Wang G, Dickie DA, Molino A, Dutton JL, Wilson DJD, Gilliard RJ. Cyclic(alkyl)(amino) Carbene-Promoted Ring Expansion of a Carbodicarbene Beryllacycle. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:11118-11126. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob E. Walley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, 409 McCormick Road, PO Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Akachukwu D. Obi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, 409 McCormick Road, PO Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Grace Breiner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, 409 McCormick Road, PO Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Guocang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, 409 McCormick Road, PO Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Diane A. Dickie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, 409 McCormick Road, PO Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Andrew Molino
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jason L. Dutton
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David J. D. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Robert J. Gilliard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, 409 McCormick Road, PO Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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15
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Buchner MR. Recent Contributions to the Coordination Chemistry of Beryllium. Chemistry 2019; 25:12018-12036. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus R. Buchner
- Anorganische Chemie, Nachwuchsgruppe BerylliumchemieFachbereich ChemiePhilipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35032 Marburg Germany
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16
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Schuster JK, Roy DK, Lenczyk C, Mies J, Braunschweig H. New Outcomes of Beryllium Chemistry: Lewis Base Adducts for Salt Elimination Reactions. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:2652-2658. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia K. Schuster
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dipak Kumar Roy
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Lenczyk
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jan Mies
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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17
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Paparo A, Jones C. Beryllium Halide Complexes Incorporating Neutral or Anionic Ligands: Potential Precursors for Beryllium Chemistry. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:486-490. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Albert Paparo
- School of Chemistry Monash University P.O. Box 23 Melbourne VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Cameron Jones
- School of Chemistry Monash University P.O. Box 23 Melbourne VIC 3800 Australia
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18
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Abstract
We have carried out a theoretical investigation of benzene substituted with BeO to assess stability and aromatic properties (with 1–3 BeO units in a six-membered ring); C4H4BeO, C2H2Be2O2, and Be3O3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason L. Dutton
- Department of Chemistry and Physics
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science
- La Trobe University
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | - David J. D. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Physics
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science
- La Trobe University
- Melbourne
- Australia
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Naglav D, Tobey B, Dzialkowski K, Bläser D, Wölper C, Jansen G, Schulz S. Solvent-induced ion separation of a beryllium scorpionate complex. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:12511-12515. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01640b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
TpBeI undergoes a spontaneous ion separation upon treatment with THF, yielding [TpBe(thf)]I, which represents a rare example of a cationic beryllium complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Naglav
- University of Duisburg-Essen and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide)
- 45117 Essen
- Germany
| | - Briac Tobey
- University of Duisburg-Essen and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide)
- 45117 Essen
- Germany
| | - Kevin Dzialkowski
- University of Duisburg-Essen and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide)
- 45117 Essen
- Germany
| | - Dieter Bläser
- University of Duisburg-Essen and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide)
- 45117 Essen
- Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- University of Duisburg-Essen and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide)
- 45117 Essen
- Germany
| | - Georg Jansen
- University of Duisburg-Essen and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide)
- 45117 Essen
- Germany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- University of Duisburg-Essen and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide)
- 45117 Essen
- Germany
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