1
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Tanimura K, Gon M, Tanaka K. Effects of Hypervalent Bismuth on Electronic Properties of the Azobenzene Tridentate Ligand and Roles of Lewis Acidity in Controlling Optical Properties. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:4590-4597. [PMID: 36867889 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Organobismuth compounds have been studied in various fields, including electronic states, pnictogen bonds, and catalysis. Among them, one of the unique electronic states of the element is the hypervalent state. So far, many issues regarding the electronic structures of bismuth in hypervalent states have been revealed; meanwhile, the influence of hypervalent bismuth on the electronic properties of π-conjugated scaffolds is still vailed. Here, we synthesized the hypervalent bismuth compound, BiAz, by introducing hypervalent bismuth into the azobenzene tridentate ligand as a π-conjugated scaffold. The influence of hypervalent bismuth on the electronic properties of the ligand was evaluated from optical measurements and quantum chemical calculations. The introduction of hypervalent bismuth revealed three significant electronic effects: first, hypervalent bismuth shows position-dependent electron-donating and electron-accepting effects. Second, BiAz can have a larger effective Lewis acidity than the hypervalent tin compound derivatives reported in our previous research. Finally, the coordination of dimethyl sulfoxide transformed the electronic properties of BiAz, similar to the hypervalent tin compounds. The data from quantum chemical calculations showed that the optical properties of the π-conjugated scaffold were able to be changed by introducing hypervalent bismuth. To the best of our knowledge, we first demonstrate that the introduction of hypervalent bismuth should be a new methodology for controlling the electronic properties of π-conjugated molecules and developing sensing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Tanimura
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Masayuki Gon
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuo Tanaka
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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2
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Liu C, Dai Y, Han Q, Liu C, Su Y. Crystalline heaviest pnictogen-dipyrromethenes: isolation, characterization, and reactivity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:2161-2164. [PMID: 36727589 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc05736k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The heaviest pnictogen-dipyrromethenes DPMPnCl2 (Pn = Sb, 3; Bi 4), which are direct analogues of boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY), have been readily prepared and isolated as crystalline solids. Both compounds display green photoluminescence with small full widths at half maximum in toluene. Moreover, the reduction of 3 with sodium metal afforded the cyclic dicoordinate stibinidene 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Yuyang Dai
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Qiqi Han
- Shanxi Supercomputing Center, Lvliang 033000, China
| | - Chunmeng Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Yuanting Su
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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3
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Zechovský J, Kertész E, Kremláček V, Hejda M, Mikysek T, Erben M, Růžička A, Jambor R, Benkő Z, Dostál L. Exploring Differences between Bis(aldimino)- and amino-aldimino- N, C, N-Pincer-Stabilized Pnictinidenes: Limits of Synthesis, Structure, and Reversible Tautomerization-Controlled Oxidation. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Zechovský
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Erik Kertész
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szent Gellért tér 4, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Vít Kremláček
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Hejda
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Mikysek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Erben
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Růžička
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Jambor
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Zoltán Benkő
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry and ELKH-BME Computation Driven Chemistry Research Group, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szent Gellért tér 4, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Libor Dostál
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
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4
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Krüger J, Wölper C, Auer AA, Schulz S. Formation and Cleavage of a Sb−Sb Double Bond: From Carbene‐Coordinated Distibenes to Stibinidenes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Krüger
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) University of Duisburg-Essen Universitätsstraße 5–7 45141 Essen Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) University of Duisburg-Essen Universitätsstraße 5–7 45141 Essen Germany
| | - Alexander A. Auer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) University of Duisburg-Essen Universitätsstraße 5–7 45141 Essen Germany
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5
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Oberdorf K, Grenzer P, Wieprecht N, Ramler J, Hanft A, Rempel A, Stoy A, Radacki K, Lichtenberg C. CH Activation of Cationic Bismuth Amides: Heteroaromaticity, Derivatization, and Lewis Acidity. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:19086-19097. [PMID: 34818003 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cationization of Bi(NPh2)3 has recently been reported to allow access to single- and double-CH activation reactions, followed by selective transformation of Bi-C into C-X functional groups (X = electrophile). Here we show that this approach can successfully be transferred to a range of bismuth amides with two aryl groups at the nitrogen, Bi(NRaryl2)3. Exchange of one nitrogen-bound aryl group for an alkyl substituent gave the first example of a homoleptic bismuth amide with a mixed aryl/alkyl substitution pattern at the nitrogen, Bi(NPhiPr)3. This compound is susceptible to selective N-N radical coupling in its neutral form and also undergoes selective CH activation when transformed into a cationic species. The second CH activation is blocked due to the absence of a second aryl moiety at nitrogen. The Lewis acidity of neutral bismuth amides is compared with that of cationic species "[Bi(aryl)(amide)(L)n]+" and "[Bi(aryl)2(L)n]+" based on the (modified) Gutmann-Beckett method (L = tetrahydrofuran or pyridine). The heteroaromatic character of [Bi(C6H3R)2NH(triflate)] compounds, which are iso-valence-electronic with anthracene, is investigated by theoretical methods. Analytical methods used in this work include nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, mass spectrometry, and density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Oberdorf
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany.,Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Grenzer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nele Wieprecht
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Ramler
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anna Hanft
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anna Rempel
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Stoy
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany.,Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Krzysztof Radacki
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Crispin Lichtenberg
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany.,Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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6
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Kremláček V, Hejda M, Rychagova E, Ketkov S, Jambor R, Růžička A, Dostál L. Probing Limits of a C=C Bond Activation by N‐Coordinated Organopnictogen(I) Compounds. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vít Kremláček
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry FCHT University of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 532 10 Czech Republic
| | - Martin Hejda
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry FCHT University of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 532 10 Czech Republic
| | - Elena Rychagova
- G.A.Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry RAS 49 Tropinin St. 603950 Nizhny Novgorod Russian Federation
| | - Sergey Ketkov
- G.A.Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry RAS 49 Tropinin St. 603950 Nizhny Novgorod Russian Federation
| | - Roman Jambor
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry FCHT University of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 532 10 Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Růžička
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry FCHT University of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 532 10 Czech Republic
| | - Libor Dostál
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry FCHT University of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 532 10 Czech Republic
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7
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Raiser D, Eichele K, Schubert H, Wesemann L. Phosphine-Stabilized Pnictinidenes. Chemistry 2021; 27:14073-14080. [PMID: 34291518 PMCID: PMC8518042 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of the intramolecular germylene‐phosphine Lewis pair (o‐PPh2)C6H4GeAr* (1) with Group 15 element trichlorides ECl3 (E=P, As, Sb) was investigated. After oxidative addition, the resulting compounds (o‐PPh2)C6H4(Ar*)Ge(Cl)ECl2 (2: E=P, 3: E=As, 4: E=Sb) were reduced by using sodium metal or LiHBEt3. The molecular structures of the phosphine‐stabilized phosphinidene (o‐PPh2)C6H4(Ar*)Ge(Cl)P (5), arsinidene (o‐PPh2)C6H4(Ar*)Ge(Cl)As (6) and stibinidene (o‐PPh2)C6H4(Ar*)Ge(Cl)Sb (7) are presented; they feature a two‐coordinate low‐valent Group 15 element. After chloride abstraction, a cyclic germaphosphene [(o‐PPh2)C6H4(Ar*)GeP] [B(C6H3(CF3)2)4] (8) was isolated. The 31P NMR data of the germaphosphene were compared with literature examples and analyzed by quantum chemical calculations. The phosphinidene was treated with [iBu2AlH]2, and the product of an Al−H addition to the low‐valent phosphorus atom (o‐PPh2)C6H4(Ar*)Ge(H)P(H)Al(C4H9)2 (9) was characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Raiser
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Klaus Eichele
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schubert
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lars Wesemann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
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8
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Kremláček V, Kertész E, Benkő Z, Erben M, Jirásko R, Růžička A, Jambor R, Dostál L. Non-conventional Behavior of a 2,1-Benzazaphosphole: Heterodiene or Hidden Phosphinidene? Chemistry 2021; 27:13149-13160. [PMID: 34096106 PMCID: PMC8518707 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The titled 2,1-benzazaphosphole (1) (i. e. ArP, where Ar=2-(DippN=CH)C6 H4 , Dipp=2,6-iPr2 C6 H3 ) showed a spectacular reactivity behaving both as a reactive heterodiene in hetero-Diels-Alder (DA) reactions or as a hidden phosphinidene in the coordination toward selected transition metals (TMs). Thus, 1 reacts with electron-deficient alkynes RC≡CR (R=CO2 Me, C5 F4 N) giving 1-phospha-1,4-dihydro-iminonaphthalenes 2 and 3, that undergo hydrogen migration producing 1-phosphanaphthalenes 4 and 5. Compound 1 is also able to activate the C=C double bond in selected N-alkyl/aryl-maleimides RN(C(O)CH)2 (R=Me, tBu, Ph) resulting in the addition products 7-9 with bridged bicyclic [2.2.1] structures. The binding of the maleimides to 1 is semi-reversible upon heating. By contrast, when 1 was treated with selected TM complexes, it serves as a 4e donor bridging two TMs thus producing complexes [μ-ArP(AuCl)2 ] (10), [(μ-ArP)4 Ag4 ][X]4 (X=BF4 (11), OTf (12)) and [μ-ArP(Co2 (CO)6 )] (13). The structure and electron distribution of the starting material 1 as well as of other compounds were also studied from the theoretical point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vít Kremláček
- Department of General and Inorganic ChemistryFCHTUniversity of PardubiceStudentská 573532 10PardubiceCzech Republic
| | - Erik Kertész
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryBudapest University of Technology and EconomicsSzent Gellért tér 4H-1111BudapestHungary
| | - Zoltán Benkő
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryBudapest University of Technology and EconomicsSzent Gellért tér 4H-1111BudapestHungary
| | - Milan Erben
- Department of General and Inorganic ChemistryFCHTUniversity of PardubiceStudentská 573532 10PardubiceCzech Republic
| | - Robert Jirásko
- Department of Analytical ChemistryFCHTUniversity of PardubiceStudentská 573532 10PardubiceCzech Republic
| | - Aleš Růžička
- Department of General and Inorganic ChemistryFCHTUniversity of PardubiceStudentská 573532 10PardubiceCzech Republic
| | - Roman Jambor
- Department of General and Inorganic ChemistryFCHTUniversity of PardubiceStudentská 573532 10PardubiceCzech Republic
| | - Libor Dostál
- Department of General and Inorganic ChemistryFCHTUniversity of PardubiceStudentská 573532 10PardubiceCzech Republic
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9
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Abstract
The stoichiometric reactions of antimony trichloride, trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate, and diiminopyridine ligands lead to the formation of N,N',N''-chelated SbCl2 cationic complexes. Methyl and phenyl substituents on the imine carbons of the ligand yielded structures with a lone pair on antimony and the hydrogen substituted variant was notably different as it forms a Menshutkin complex with meta-xylene in the solid-state.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Tidwell
- Baylor University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, One Bear Place #97348, Waco, TX 76798, USA.
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10
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Ota K, Kinjo R. Heavier element-containing aromatics of [4 n+2]-electron systems. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:10594-10673. [PMID: 34369490 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01354d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
While the implication of the aromaticity concept has been dramatically expanded to date since its emergence in 1865, the classical [4n+2]/4n-electron counting protocol still plays an essential role in evaluating the aromatic nature of compounds. Over the last few decades, a variety of heavier heterocycles featuring the formal [4n+2] π-electron arrangements have been developed, which allows for assessing their aromatic nature. In this review, we present recent developments of the [4n+2]-electron systems of heavier heterocycles involving group 13-15 elements. The synthesis, spectroscopic data, structural parameters, computational data, and reactivity are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Ota
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Rei Kinjo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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11
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Zhou DY, Miura-Akagi PM, McCarty SM, Guiles CH, O'Donnell TJ, Yoshida WY, Krause CE, Rheingold AL, Hughes RP, Cain MF. P-Alkynyl functionalized benzazaphospholes as transmetalating agents. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:599-611. [PMID: 33403375 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01367f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Exposure of 10π-electron benzazaphosphole 1 to HCl, followed by nucleophilic substitution with the Grignard reagent BrMgCCPh afforded alkynyl functionalized 3 featuring an exocyclic -C[triple bond, length as m-dash]C-Ph group with an elongated P-C bond (1.7932(19) Å). Stoichiometric experiments revealed that treatment of trans-Pd(PEt3)2(Ar)(i) (Ar = p-Me (C) or p-F (D)) with 3 generated trans-Pd(PEt3)2(Ar)(CCPh) (Ar = p-Me (E) or p-F (F)), 5, which is the result of ligand exchange between P-I byproduct 4 and C/D, and the reductively eliminated product (Ar-C[triple bond, length as m-dash]C-Ph). Cyclic voltammetry studies showed and independent investigations confirmed 4 is also susceptible to redox processes including bimetallic oxidative addition to Pd(0) to give Pd(i) dimer 6-Pd2-(P(t-Bu)3)2 and reduction to diphosphine 7. During catalysis, we hypothesized that this unwanted reactivity could be circumvented by employing a source of fluoride as an additive. This was demonstrated by conducting a Sonogashira-type reaction between 1-iodotoluene and 3 in the presence of 10 mol% Na2PdCl4, 20 mol% P(t-Bu)Cy2, and 5 equiv. of tetramethylammonium fluoride (TMAF), resulting in turnover and the isolation of Ph-C[triple bond, length as m-dash]C-(o-Tol) as the major product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Y Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
| | - Preston M Miura-Akagi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
| | - Sierra M McCarty
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
| | - Celeste H Guiles
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
| | - Timothy J O'Donnell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
| | - Wesley Y Yoshida
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
| | - Colleen E Krause
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hartford, 200 Bloomfield Avenue, West Hartford, Connecticut 06117, USA
| | - Arnold L Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Russell P Hughes
- 6128 Burke Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA
| | - Matthew F Cain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
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12
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Chinen BL, Hyvl J, Brayton DF, Riek MM, Yoshida WY, Chapp TW, Rheingold AL, Cain MF. Trimerization and cyclization of reactive P-functionalities confined within OCO pincers. RSC Adv 2021; 11:28602-28613. [PMID: 35478534 PMCID: PMC9038090 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05926b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to stabilize a 10–P–3 species with C2v symmetry and two lone pairs on the central phosphorus atom, a specialized ligand is required. Using an NCN pincer, previous efforts to enforce this planarized geometry at P resulted in the formation of a Cs-symmetric, 10π-electron benzazaphosphole that existed as a dynamic “bell-clapper” in solution. Here, OCO pincers 1 and 2 were synthesized, operating under the hypothesis that the more electron-withdrawing oxygen donors would better stabilize the 3-center, 4-electron O–P–O bond of the 10–P–3 target and the sp3-hybridized benzylic carbon atoms would prevent the formation of aromatic P-heterocycles. However, subjecting 1 to a metalation/phosphination/reduction sequence afforded cyclotriphosphane 3, resulting from trimerization of the P(i) center unbound by its oxygen donors. Pincer 2 featuring four benzylic CF3 groups was expected to strengthen the O–P–O bond of the target, but after metal–halogen exchange and quenching with PCl3, unexpected cyclization with loss of CH3Cl was observed to give monochlorinated 5. Treatment of 5 with (p-CH3)C6H4MgBr generated crystalline P-(p-Tol) derivative 6, which was characterized by NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and X-ray crystallography. The complex 19F NMR spectra of 5 and 6 observed experimentally, were reproduced by simulations with MestreNova. Attempted synthesis of OCO-supported 10–P–3 species led to trimerization or cyclization.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice L. Chinen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Jakub Hyvl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Daniel F. Brayton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Matthew M. Riek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Wesley Y. Yoshida
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Timothy W. Chapp
- Department of Chemistry, Allegheny College, 520 N. Main Street, Meadville, PA 16335, USA
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093, USA
| | - Matthew F. Cain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
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13
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Kornev AN, Panova YS, Sushev VV. Annelated 3a,6a-diaza-1,4-diphosphapentalene as a form of stabilized singlet phosphinidene. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2020.1804150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N. Kornev
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Yulia S. Panova
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Vyacheslav V. Sushev
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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14
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Dostál L, Jambor R, Aman M, Hejda M. (N),C,N-Coordinated Heavier Group 13-15 Compounds: Synthesis, Structure and Applications. Chempluschem 2020; 85:2320-2340. [PMID: 33073931 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to summarize recent achievements in the field of (N),C,N-coordinated group 13-15 compounds not only regarding their synthesis and structure, but mainly focusing on their potential applications. Relevant compounds contain various types of N-coordinating ligands built up on an ortho-(di)substituted phenyl platform. Thus, group 13 and 14 derivatives were used as single-source precursors for the deposition of semiconducting thin films, as building blocks for the preparation of high-molecular polymers with remarkable optical and chemical properties or as compounds with interesting reactivity in hydrometallation processes. Group 15 derivatives function as catalysts in the Mannich reaction, in the allylation of aldehydes or activation of CO2 . They were used as transmetallation reagents in transition metal catalysed coupling reactions. The univalent species serve as ligands for transition metals, activate alkynes or alkenes and are utilized as catalysts in the transfer hydrogenation of azo-compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libor Dostál
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice 532 10, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Jambor
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice 532 10, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Aman
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice 532 10, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Hejda
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice 532 10, Czech Republic
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15
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Gericke R, Wagler J. (2-Pyridyloxy)arsines as ligands in transition metal chemistry: a stepwise As(iii) → As(ii) → As(i) reduction. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:10042-10051. [PMID: 32644065 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01538e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Neutral inherently tri- and tetradentate ligands of the type Ph3-xAs(PyO)x (x = 2 (1), 3 (2)) have been synthesized and characterized. Reaction of 1 with [RuCl2(PPh3)3] affords complex [PhAs(μ-PyO)2RuCl2(PPh3)] (3), whereas 2 and [RuCl2(PPh3)3] react with formation of [As(μ-PyO)2RuCl(PPh3)2] (5) and [Ph3P(PyO)]Cl (6). Treatment of complex 5 with [AuCl(tht)] (tht = tetrahydrothiophene) results in liberation of tht and formation of [AuCl(As(PyO)2)RuCl(PPh3)2] (7), featuring an (Au-As-Ru) core. For compounds 3, 5, and 7 the As-Ru and As-Au bond situation has been investigated using NBO, AIM and ELF analysis, allowing the assignment of pronounced canonical forms of σ-(AsIII→RuII) to 3, σ-(AsII-RuI) to 5 and σ-(AuI←AsI→RuII) to 7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Gericke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Straße 29, D-09596 Freiberg, Germany.
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16
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Mokrai R, Barrett J, Apperley DC, Benkő Z, Heift D. Tweaking the Charge Transfer: Bonding Analysis of Bismuth(III) Complexes with a Flexidentate Phosphane Ligand. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:8916-8924. [PMID: 32530279 PMCID: PMC7467670 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
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To account for the
charge transfer and covalent character in bonding between P and Bi
centers, the electronic structures of [P(C6H4-o-CH2SCH3)3BiCln](3–n)+ (n = 0–3) model species have been investigated
computationally. On the basis of this survey a synthetic target compound
with a dative P→Bi bond has been selected. Consecutively, the
highly reactive bismuth cage [P(C6H4-o-CH2SCH3)3Bi]3+ has been accessed experimentally and characterized. Importantly,
our experiments (single-crystal X-ray diffraction and solid-state
NMR spectroscopy) and computations (NBO and AIM analysis) reveal that
the P···Bi bonding in this trication can be described
as a dative bond. Here we have shown that our accordion-like molecular
framework allows for tuning of the interaction between P and Bi centers. The bonding situation in species with
the general formula of [P(C6H4-o-CH2SCH3)3BiCln](3−n)+ (n = 0−3) has been investigated computationally, and on this
basis a selected example has been accessed synthetically. The structural
and solid-state NMR studies reveal that the weak secondary pnictogen
interaction in P(C6H4-o-CH2SCH3)3BiCl3 can be tuned
into dative bonding by enhancing the charge transfer from the phosphorus
to the bismuth center, which is accompanied by a change in the spin−spin
coupling mechanism between the 31P and 209Bi
nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Réka Mokrai
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jamie Barrett
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, DH1 3LE Durham, United Kingdom
| | - David C Apperley
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, DH1 3LE Durham, United Kingdom
| | - Zoltán Benkő
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dominikus Heift
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, DH1 3LE Durham, United Kingdom
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17
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Hejda M, Duvinage D, Lork E, Jirásko R, Lyčka A, Mebs S, Dostál L, Beckmann J. The Aromatic 2-Iminomethylphenyltellurenyl Cation. A Lewis Superacid Despite the Intramolecularly Coordinating N-Donor Ligand. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Hejda
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie, Universität Bremen, Leobener Straße 7, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Duvinage
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie, Universität Bremen, Leobener Straße 7, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Enno Lork
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie, Universität Bremen, Leobener Straße 7, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Robert Jirásko
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Antonín Lyčka
- University of Hradec Králové, Faculty of Science, Rotkitanského 62, CZ-500 03 Hradec Králové 3, Czech Republic
| | - Stefan Mebs
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Libor Dostál
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Jens Beckmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie, Universität Bremen, Leobener Straße 7, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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18
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Kořenková M, Kremláček V, Hejda M, Turek J, Khudaverdyan R, Erben M, Jambor R, Růžička A, Dostál L. Hetero Diels–Alder Reactions of Masked Dienes Containing Heavy Group 15 Elements. Chemistry 2020; 26:1144-1154. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kořenková
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, FCHTUniversity of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 53210 Czech Republic
| | - Vít Kremláček
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, FCHTUniversity of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 53210 Czech Republic
| | - Martin Hejda
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, FCHTUniversity of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 53210 Czech Republic
| | - Jan Turek
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC)Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) Pleinlaan 2 1050 Brussels Belgium
| | - Raffi Khudaverdyan
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC)Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) Pleinlaan 2 1050 Brussels Belgium
| | - Milan Erben
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, FCHTUniversity of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 53210 Czech Republic
| | - Roman Jambor
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, FCHTUniversity of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 53210 Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Růžička
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, FCHTUniversity of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 53210 Czech Republic
| | - Libor Dostál
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, FCHTUniversity of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 53210 Czech Republic
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew F. Cain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
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20
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Marczenko KM, Zurakowski JA, Kindervater MB, Jee S, Hynes T, Roberts N, Park S, Werner‐Zwanziger U, Lumsden M, Langelaan DN, Chitnis SS. Periodicity in Structure, Bonding, and Reactivity for p‐Block Complexes of a Geometry Constraining Triamide Ligand. Chemistry 2019; 25:16414-16424. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph A. Zurakowski
- Department of ChemistryDalhousie University 6274 Coburg Road Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
| | - Marcus B. Kindervater
- Department of ChemistryDalhousie University 6274 Coburg Road Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
| | - Samantha Jee
- Department of ChemistryDalhousie University 6274 Coburg Road Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
| | - Toren Hynes
- Department of ChemistryDalhousie University 6274 Coburg Road Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
| | - Nicholas Roberts
- Department of ChemistryDalhousie University 6274 Coburg Road Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
| | - Seoyeon Park
- Department of ChemistryDalhousie University 6274 Coburg Road Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
| | | | - Michael Lumsden
- Department of ChemistryDalhousie University 6274 Coburg Road Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
| | - David N. Langelaan
- Department of ChemistryDalhousie University 6274 Coburg Road Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
| | - Saurabh S. Chitnis
- Department of ChemistryDalhousie University 6274 Coburg Road Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
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21
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Kornev AN, Panova YS, Sushev VV, Dorado Daza DF, Novikov AS, Cherkasov AV, Fukin GK, Abakumov GA. The Nature of P(σ2λ3↔σ2λ1) Dualism: 3a,6a-Diaza-1,4-diphosphapentalene as a Form of Stabilized Singlet Phosphinidene. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:16144-16153. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N. Kornev
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 49 Tropinin str., 603137 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Yulia S. Panova
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 49 Tropinin str., 603137 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Vyacheslav V. Sushev
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 49 Tropinin str., 603137 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Diego F. Dorado Daza
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 49 Tropinin str., 603137 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alexander S. Novikov
- Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Nab., 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anton V. Cherkasov
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 49 Tropinin str., 603137 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Georgy K. Fukin
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 49 Tropinin str., 603137 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Gleb A. Abakumov
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 49 Tropinin str., 603137 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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22
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Kindervater MB, Marczenko KM, Werner‐Zwanziger U, Chitnis SS. A Redox‐Confused Bismuth(I/III) Triamide with a T‐Shaped Planar Ground State. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:7850-7855. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201903354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus B. Kindervater
- Chemistry DepartmentDalhousie University 6274 Coburg Road Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
| | | | | | - Saurabh S. Chitnis
- Chemistry DepartmentDalhousie University 6274 Coburg Road Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
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23
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Kindervater MB, Marczenko KM, Werner‐Zwanziger U, Chitnis SS. A Redox‐Confused Bismuth(I/III) Triamide with a T‐Shaped Planar Ground State. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201903354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus B. Kindervater
- Chemistry DepartmentDalhousie University 6274 Coburg Road Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
| | | | | | - Saurabh S. Chitnis
- Chemistry DepartmentDalhousie University 6274 Coburg Road Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
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24
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Green JP, Wells JAL, Orthaber A. Heavier pnictogens - treasures for optical electronic and reactivity tuning. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:4460-4466. [PMID: 30810143 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00574a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We highlight recent advances in organopnictogen chemistry contrasting the properties of lighter and heavier pnictogens. Exploring new bonding situations, discovering unprecedented reactivities and producing fascinating opto-electronic materials are some of the most prominent directions of current organopnicogen research. Expanding the chemical toolbox towards the heavier group 15 elements will continue to create new opportunities to tailor molecular properties for small molecule activation/reactivity and materials applications alike. This frontier article illustrates the elemental substitution approach in selected literature examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P Green
- Synthetic Molecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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25
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Kremláček V, Erben M, Jambor R, Růžička A, Turek J, Rychagova E, Ketkov S, Dostál L. From a 2,1‐Benzazaarsole to Elusive 1‐Arsanaphthalenes in One Step. Chemistry 2019; 25:5668-5671. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vít Kremláček
- Department of General and Inorganic ChemistryFCHT, University of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 532 10 Czech Republic
| | - Milan Erben
- Department of General and Inorganic ChemistryFCHT, University of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 532 10 Czech Republic
| | - Roman Jambor
- Department of General and Inorganic ChemistryFCHT, University of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 532 10 Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Růžička
- Department of General and Inorganic ChemistryFCHT, University of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 532 10 Czech Republic
| | - Jan Turek
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC)Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) Pleinlaan 2 B-1050 Brussels Belgium
| | - Elena Rychagova
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry RAS 49 Tropinin St. 603950 Nizhny Novgorod Russian Federation
| | - Sergey Ketkov
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry RAS 49 Tropinin St. 603950 Nizhny Novgorod Russian Federation
| | - Libor Dostál
- Department of General and Inorganic ChemistryFCHT, University of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 532 10 Czech Republic
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26
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Nguyen MT, Gabidullin B, Nikonov GI. Imino-stabilised phosphinidene (or azaphosphole?) and some of its derivatives. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:17011-17019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03465f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Diiminophenyl (dimph) proved to be an excellent ligand platform to stabilise a low-valent phosphorus centre.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bulat Gabidullin
- X-ray Core Facility
- Faculty of Science University of Ottawa
- Ottawa
- Canada K1N 6N5
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