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Pan Z, Zhang J, Guo L, Yang H, Li J, Cui C. Cyclic (Alkyl)(amino)carbene Lanthanide Amides: Synthesis, Structure, and Catalytic Selective Hydrosilylation of Alkenes. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:12696-12702. [PMID: 34424672 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The first examples of cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene (CAAC) lanthanide (Ln) complexes were synthesized from the reaction of CAAC with Yb[N(SiMe3)2]2 and Eu[N(SiMe3)2]2(THF)2 (THF = tetrahydrofuran). The structures of (CAAC)Yb[N(SiMe3)2]2 (2) and (CAAC)Eu[N(SiMe3)2]2(THF) (3) were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. Density functional theory calculations of 2 revealed the predominantly ionic bond between the Ln ion and CAAC. Complex 3 enabled catalytic hydrosilylation of aryl- and silylalkenes with primary and secondary silanes in high yields and Markovnikov selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexiong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jianying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Lulu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chunming Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Ghana P, Schrader S, Rajeshkumar T, Spaniol TP, Englert U, Maron L, Okuda J. Reduced Arene Complexes of Hafnium Supported by a Triamidoamine Ligand. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:14179-14187. [PMID: 33890350 PMCID: PMC8252659 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A series of hafnium complexes with a reduced arene of the general formula [K(L)][Hf(Xy-N3 N)(arene)] (Xy-N3 N={(3,5-Me2 C6 H3 )NCH2 CH2 }3 N3- , L=THF, 18-crown-6; arene=C10 H8 2- , C14 H10 2- ) mimic the chemistry of hafnium in its formal oxidation state +II. All compounds were obtained upon reduction of the chlorido complex [HfCl(Xy-N3 N)(thf)] with two equivalents of potassium naphthalenide or anthracenide. The reducing nature and the basicity of the reduced anthracene ligand were explored in the reaction of benzonitrile and azobenzene, and by deprotonation of tert-butylacetylene, respectively. The reduction of benzonitrile provides an initial double nitrile insertion product under kinetic control that rearranges after extrusion of one of the inserted nitriles to a hafnium imido complex as the thermodynamic product. The reduction of azobenzene resulted in a diphenylhydrazido(2-) complex. Treatment of terminal alkynes with the anthracene or diphenylhydrazido(2-) complex led to the selective protonation of the corresponding dianionic ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyabrata Ghana
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152056AachenGermany
| | - Sebastian Schrader
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152056AachenGermany
| | - Thayalan Rajeshkumar
- Université de Toulouse et CNRSINSAUPSUMR 5215LPCNO135 Avenue de RangueilF-31077ToulouseFrance
| | - Thomas P. Spaniol
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152056AachenGermany
| | - Ulli Englert
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152056AachenGermany
| | - Laurent Maron
- Université de Toulouse et CNRSINSAUPSUMR 5215LPCNO135 Avenue de RangueilF-31077ToulouseFrance
| | - Jun Okuda
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152056AachenGermany
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Ghana P, Schrader S, Rajeshkumar T, Spaniol TP, Englert U, Maron L, Okuda J. Reduzierte Arenkomplexe von Hafnium mit einem Triamidoaminliganden. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Priyabrata Ghana
- Institut für anorganische Chemie RWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Sebastian Schrader
- Institut für anorganische Chemie RWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Thayalan Rajeshkumar
- Université de Toulouse et CNRS INSA UPS UMR 5215 LPCNO 135 Avenue de Rangueil F-31077 Toulouse Frankreich
| | - Thomas P. Spaniol
- Institut für anorganische Chemie RWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Ulli Englert
- Institut für anorganische Chemie RWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Laurent Maron
- Université de Toulouse et CNRS INSA UPS UMR 5215 LPCNO 135 Avenue de Rangueil F-31077 Toulouse Frankreich
| | - Jun Okuda
- Institut für anorganische Chemie RWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
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Reinholdt A, Pividori D, Laughlin AL, DiMucci IM, MacMillan SN, Jafari MG, Gau MR, Carroll PJ, Krzystek J, Ozarowski A, Telser J, Lancaster KM, Meyer K, Mindiola DJ. A Mononuclear and High-Spin Tetrahedral Ti II Complex. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:17834-17850. [PMID: 33258366 PMCID: PMC7928263 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A high-spin, mononuclear TiII complex, [(TptBu,Me)TiCl] [TptBu,Me- = hydridotris(3-tert-butyl-5-methylpyrazol-1-yl)borate], confined to a tetrahedral ligand-field environment, has been prepared by reduction of the precursor [(TptBu,Me)TiCl2] with KC8. Complex [(TptBu,Me)TiCl] has a 3A2 ground state (assuming C3v symmetry based on structural studies), established via a combination of high-frequency and -field electron paramagnetic resonance (HFEPR) spectroscopy, solution and solid-state magnetic studies, Ti K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and both density functional theory and ab initio (complete-active-space self-consistent-field, CASSCF) calculations. The formally and physically defined TiII complex readily binds tetrahydrofuran (THF) to form the paramagnetic adduct [(TptBu,Me)TiCl(THF)], which is impervious to N2 binding. However, in the absence of THF, the TiII complex captures N2 to produce the diamagnetic complex [(TptBu,Me)TiCl]2(η1,η1;μ2-N2), with a linear Ti═N═N═Ti topology, established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The N2 complex was characterized using XAS as well as IR and Raman spectroscopies, thus establishing this complex to possess two TiIII centers covalently bridged by an N22- unit. A π acid such as CNAd (Ad = 1-adamantyl) coordinates to [(TptBu,Me)TiCl] without inducing spin pairing of the d electrons, thereby forming a unique high-spin and five-coordinate TiII complex, namely, [(TptBu,Me)TiCl(CNAd)]. The reducing power of the coordinatively unsaturated TiII-containing [(ΤptBu,Me)TiCl] species, quantified by electrochemistry, provides access to a family of mononuclear TiIV complexes of the type [(TptBu,Me)Ti═E(Cl)] (with E2- = NSiMe3, N2CPh2, O, and NH) by virtue of atom- or group-transfer reactions using various small molecules such as N3SiMe3, N2CPh2, N2O, and the bicyclic amine 2,3:5,6-dibenzo-7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-2,5-diene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Reinholdt
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Daniel Pividori
- Inorganic
Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander L. Laughlin
- Baker
Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Ida M. DiMucci
- Baker
Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Samantha N. MacMillan
- Baker
Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Mehrafshan G. Jafari
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Michael R. Gau
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Patrick J. Carroll
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - J. Krzystek
- National
High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida
State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Andrew Ozarowski
- National
High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida
State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Joshua Telser
- Department
of Biological, Physical and Health Sciences, Roosevelt University, Chicago, Illinois 60605, United States
| | - Kyle M. Lancaster
- Baker
Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Inorganic
Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daniel J. Mindiola
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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Horrer G, Krahfuß MJ, Lubitz K, Krummenacher I, Braunschweig H, Radius U. N
‐Heterocyclic Carbene and Cyclic (Alkyl)(amino)carbene Complexes of Titanium(IV) and Titanium(III). Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201901207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Günther Horrer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Mirjam J. Krahfuß
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Katharina Lubitz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Udo Radius
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
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Ma W, Zhang JX, Lin Z, Tilley TD, Ye Q. Synthesis, structure and DFT calculations of mononuclear cyclic (alkyl)(amino) carbene supported titanium(ii) complexes. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:14962-14965. [PMID: 31549712 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt03342d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The mononuclear cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene (cAAC) supported titanium(iii) chloride complex [(cAAC)2TiCl3] has been synthesized by treatment of free cAAC with TiCl3(THF)3. Further reduction of (cAAC)2TiCl3 with potassium graphite (KC8) afforded the desired (cAAC)2TiCl2 complex, which features a small S-T energy gap. Both complexes were structurally characterized and represent the first cAAC supported Ti complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangyang Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
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