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Feineis D, Bringmann G. Structural variety and pharmacological potential of naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2024; 91:1-410. [PMID: 38811064 DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids are a fascinating class of natural biaryl compounds. They show characteristic mono- and dimeric scaffolds, with chiral axes and stereogenic centers. Since the appearance of the last comprehensive overview on these secondary plant metabolites in this series in 1995, the number of discovered representatives has tremendously increased to more than 280 examples known today. Many novel-type compounds have meanwhile been discovered, among them naphthylisoquinoline-related follow-up products like e.g., the first seco-type (i.e., ring-opened) and ring-contracted analogues. As highlighted in this review, the knowledge on the broad structural chemodiversity of naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids has been decisively driven forward by extensive phytochemical studies on the metabolite pattern of Ancistrocladus abbreviatus from Coastal West Africa, which is a particularly "creative" plant. These investigations furnished a considerable number of more than 80-mostly new-natural products from this single species, with promising antiplasmodial activities and with pronounced cytotoxic effects against human leukemia, pancreatic, cervical, and breast cancer cells. Another unique feature of naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids is their unprecedented biosynthetic origin from polyketidic precursors and not, as usual for isoquinoline alkaloids, from aromatic amino acids-a striking example of biosynthetic convergence in nature. Furthermore, remarkable botanical results are presented on the natural producers of naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids, the paleotropical Dioncophyllaceae and Ancistrocladaceae lianas, including first investigations on the chemoecological role of these plant metabolites and their storage and accumulation in particular plant organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Feineis
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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2
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Berthold D, van Otterlo WAL. Unprecedented Direct Asymmetric Total Syntheses of 5,8'-Naphthylisoquinoline Alkaloids from their Fully Substituted Precursors Employing a Novel Nickel/N,N-ligand-Catalyzed Atroposelective Cross-Coupling Reaction. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302070. [PMID: 37515575 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
A general and concise synthetic pathway for the preparation of four different 5,8'-coupled naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids, employing a specially developed nickel/N,N-ligand-catalyzed atroposelective Negishi coupling is reported. In the first reported direct atroposelective coupling of the fully substituted precursors, the naturally occurring cross-coupled products were generally obtained directly in reasonable yields and high enantiomeric purities. For the synthesis of the cross-coupling precursors, we employed a modification of Bringmann's known approach to the dihydroisoquinoline compounds and a newly developed route for the naphthalene building blocks. For the latter 1,8-dioxynaphthalene precursors, our strategy utilized Hartwig's borylation/methylation approach and included the efficient installation of orthogonal protecting groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dino Berthold
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag XI, Matieland, 7602, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Willem A L van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag XI, Matieland, 7602, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa
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3
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Feineis D, Bringmann G. Asian Ancistrocladus Lianas as Creative Producers of Naphthylisoquinoline Alkaloids. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 119:1-335. [PMID: 36587292 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-10457-2_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This book describes a unique class of secondary metabolites, the mono- and dimeric naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids. They occur in lianas of the paleotropical Ancistrocladaceae and Dioncophyllaceae families, exclusively. Their unprecedented structures include stereogenic centers and rotationally hindered, and thus likewise stereogenic, axes. Extended recent investigations on six Ancistrocladus species from Asia, as reported in this review, shed light on their fascinating phytochemical productivity, with over 100 such intriguing natural products. This high chemodiversity arises from a likewise unique biosynthesis from acetate-malonate units, following a novel polyketidic pathway to plant-derived isoquinoline alkaloids. Some of the compounds show most promising antiparasitic activities. Likewise presented are strategies for the regio- and stereoselective total synthesis of the alkaloids, including the directed construction of the chiral axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Feineis
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.
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Tajuddeen N, Feineis D, Ihmels H, Bringmann G. The Stereoselective Total Synthesis of Axially Chiral Naphthylisoquinoline Alkaloids. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:2370-2383. [PMID: 35980132 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The naphthylisoquinoline (NIQ) alkaloids are a thrilling class of natural biaryls─structurally, biosynthetically, and pharmacologically. A common feature of these metabolites is the biaryl bond between their naphthalene and isoquinoline moieties, which in most cases is rotationally hindered, leading to the phenomenon of axial chirality. Depending on their individual structures, including the respective axial configurations, NIQs show promising bioactivities. Their total synthesis is a challenging but rewarding goal, with the stereocontrolled construction of the biaryl linkage as the key step.The position of the biaryl axis and its configuration determine the overall molecular shape and thus the choice of the best possible method for efficient asymmetric aryl-aryl bond formation. The axis in NIQs can cover a broad range of steric hindrance, from freely rotating to configurationally stable. For dioncophylline B (1) and dioncophylline F (2a/b), with only two ortho-substituents next to the axis, the synthesis is easy to accomplish by direct coupling of the intact naphthalene moiety with the isoquinoline unit, and no atropo-selectivity is required.Naphthylisoquinolines with a configurationally stable biaryl axis are the focus of the present Account. They are more difficult to synthesize because, in addition to the problem of decreased chemical yields with increasing steric hindrance at the axis, the synthesis needs to proceed stereoselectively. Within this class of NIQs, 5,8'-coupled representatives, such as korupensamine A (3a), have received considerable synthetic attention because the rotational barrier is high enough for the existence of atropisomerism without being too excessive, and they show potent bioactivities. Their synthesis, as systematically presented herein, thus occupies a central role in this report. For their aryl-aryl bond formation, both intra- and intermolecular approaches can be successfully applied. Axial stereoinformation is introduced by internal asymmetric induction from stereogenic elements already present in the isoquinoline or its precursors, from chiral auxiliary elements artificially introduced, or by external asymmetric induction using chiral catalysts.To overcome even higher steric hindrance, as in ancistrocladine (4a), innovative approaches were developed. A most successful strategy is the "lactone concept" developed by the Bringmann group, which allows the directed synthesis of any desired atropisomer in high chemical and optical yields, thus permitting the atropo-divergent preparation of the two isomers from a single joint precursor. In this approach, the two formal tasks of stereoselective biaryl synthesis, which are usually done simultaneously─the C-C linkage and the asymmetric induction─are achieved consecutively. The coupling step is performed intramolecularly after prefixation of the coupling partners by an ester bridge. The resulting biaryl lactone already possesses the biaryl axis but is still configurationally unstable; it can then, with internal or external asymmetric induction, be cleaved atropo-divergently with high stereoselectivities. Besides its unique concept, the procedure excels by its broad applicability; among all presented methods, it has been used for the synthesis of the largest number of NIQs, more than 20 representatives, including those with the highest steric hindrance.This Account gives comprehensive insight into the plethora of conceptual approaches for the efficient formation of the hindered biaryl bond of NIQs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasir Tajuddeen
- Department of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, 15 Sokoto Road Samaru, 810107 Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Doris Feineis
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Heiko Ihmels
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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Hedouin G, Hazra S, Gallou F, Handa S. The Catalytic Formation of Atropisomers and Stereocenters via Asymmetric Suzuki–Miyaura Couplings. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaspard Hedouin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, 2320 S. Brook Street, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
| | - Susanta Hazra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, 2320 S. Brook Street, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
| | - Fabrice Gallou
- Chemical & Analytical Development, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - Sachin Handa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, 2320 S. Brook Street, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
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Xu S, Huang A, Yang Y, Wang Y, Zhang M, Sun Z, Zhao M, Wei Y, Li G, Hong L. Organocatalytic Enantioselective Construction of Spiroketal Lactones Bearing Axial and Central Chirality via an Asymmetric Domino Reaction. Org Lett 2022; 24:2978-2982. [PMID: 35380447 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The catalytic asymmetric synthesis of chiral compounds with multiple stereogenic elements via a single catalytic process is challenging. This paper proposes a domino asymmetric electrophilic halocyclization strategy for constructing heterocycloalkenyl atropisomeric spiroketal lactones. A single catalyst was utilized to realize two independent stereodetermining steps. Various spiroketal lactones containing both chiral axes and chiral centers were prepared in excellent yields with excellent enantioselectivity and diastereoselective (up to 99% ee and >20:1 dr).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Aima Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Zhihui Sun
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Man Zhao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Yuanlin Wei
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Guofeng Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Liang Hong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
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7
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Ma P, Wang J, Liu G. Direct Synthesis of 1‐Naphthylamines Enabled by 6‐endo‐dig Cyclization Strategy Using Copper Catalysis. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ma
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science Tianjin University Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science Tianjin University Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Guiyan Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules (Tianjin), College of Chemistry Tianjin Normal University Tianjin P. R. China
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8
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Zuo B, Lu Z, Wu X, Fang W, Li W, Huang M, Yang D, Deng Q, Tu T. A
N
‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Palladacycle with Constrained Aliphatic Linker: Synthesis, Characterization and Its Catalytic Application towards Suzuki‐Miyaura Cross‐Coupling. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zuo
- School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 334 Jungong Road Shanghai 200093 P. R. China
| | - Zeye Lu
- Department of Chemistry Fudan University 2005 Songhu Road Shanghai 200438 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqiang Wu
- School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 334 Jungong Road Shanghai 200093 P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Fang
- College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Forestry University 159 Longpan Road Nanjing Jiangsu 210037 P. R. China
| | - Wanfang Li
- School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 334 Jungong Road Shanghai 200093 P. R. China
| | - Mingxian Huang
- School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 334 Jungong Road Shanghai 200093 P. R. China
| | - Dong‐Yuan Yang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Qinyue Deng
- School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 334 Jungong Road Shanghai 200093 P. R. China
| | - Tao Tu
- Department of Chemistry Fudan University 2005 Songhu Road Shanghai 200438 P. R. China
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9
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Hu X, Lv P, Zhang N, Liu Y. Synthesis of ortho-Diamino-Functionalized 1-Arylnaphthalenes through Nickel-Catalyzed Cyclization of Ynamide-Benzylnitriles with Organoboronic Acids. Org Lett 2021; 23:7949-7954. [PMID: 34553930 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A nickel-catalyzed highly regioselective addition/cyclization of ynamide-benzylnitriles with organoboronic acids has been developed. The reaction offers an attractive route for the construction of diamino-functionalized 1-arylnaphthalenes, which is difficult to synthesize by other methods. In addition, a wide range of functional groups are tolerated in this reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Peizhuo Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Ninghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
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10
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Zuo B, Shao H, Qu E, Ma Y, Li W, Huang M, Deng Q. An Alkoxy Modified
N
‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Palladacycle: Synthesis, Characterization and Application towards Buchwald‐Hartwig and Suzuki‐Miyaura Coupling Reactions. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zuo
- School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 334 Jungong Road Shanghai 200093 China
| | - Han Shao
- School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 334 Jungong Road Shanghai 200093 China
| | - Erdong Qu
- School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 334 Jungong Road Shanghai 200093 China
| | - Yunhua Ma
- School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 334 Jungong Road Shanghai 200093 China
| | - Wanfang Li
- School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 334 Jungong Road Shanghai 200093 China
| | - Mingxian Huang
- School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 334 Jungong Road Shanghai 200093 China
| | - Qinyue Deng
- School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 334 Jungong Road Shanghai 200093 China
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11
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Tajuddeen N, Bringmann G. N, C-Coupled naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids: a versatile new class of axially chiral natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 38:2154-2186. [PMID: 34212956 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00020a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to April 2021During the past decades, a plethora of natural products with restricted rotation about a biaryl axis have been discovered, among them the naphthylisoquinoline (NIQ) alkaloids, mostly C,C-coupled and having remarkable bioactivities. Within this fascinating class of naturally occurring biaryl compounds, NIQ alkaloids bearing an N,C-heterobiaryl axis have attracted particular attention. They are structurally and biosynthetically unprecedented, with interesting stereochemical implications and biological activities. In contrast to existing articles and reviews about axially chiral - yet C,C-coupled - natural products, this is the first, comprehensive review on the new subclass of N,C-coupled NIQs, their isolation and structural elucidation, their N,C-axial chirality, their biosynthetic origin, their promising antiparasitic and antileukemic activities, and their total synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasir Tajuddeen
- Department of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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12
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Jo YI, Lee CY, Cheon CH. Atroposelective Total Syntheses of Naphthylisoquinoline Alkaloids with (P)-Configuration. J Org Chem 2020; 85:12770-12776. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Young-In Jo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun-Young Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Hong Cheon
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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