1
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Maqbool M, Jakobsson JE, Alluri SR, Kramer V, Riss PJ. A protocol for controlled reactivity shift in the 2,2-difluorovinyl motif used for selective S- 18F and C- 18F bond formation. Commun Chem 2024; 7:97. [PMID: 38684771 PMCID: PMC11058245 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01132-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) is a powerful imaging technique for biomedical research, drug development and medical diagnosis. The power of PET lies in biochemically selective radiotracers, labelled with positron emitters like fluorine-18 image chemical processes in vivo. A rapid and remarkably efficient, unprecedented protocol to select between S-F and C-F bond formation based on activation of 1,1-difluoroethylene groups followed by selective oxidation or reduction is described. While transition metal mediated conditions can be employed, the reaction proceeds in high yield using unobjectionable chemical reagents amenable to routine radiotracer production. The latter bodes well for facile clinical translation of the method. The new technique affords radiotracers and the labelling reagent 2,2-difluoro-2-(fluoro-18F)ethyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate ([18F]1b) in excellent yield. Following oxygenation of the reaction mixture with medical oxygen or air, sulfonyl fluorides are obtained as the primary product. The new protocol was employed in a proof of principle to develop a radiometric assay for quantitation of sulfonylation yield with sulfonyl fluoride reagents. With operational ease and mild conditions, the method bodes a high potential for radiolabelling of biomolecules, known enzyme inhibitors and other temperature-sensitive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudasir Maqbool
- Department of Clinical Neurocience, OUS-Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Vasko Kramer
- Positronpharma SA, Rancangua, Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patrick Johannes Riss
- Department of Clinical Neurocience, OUS-Ullevål, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Fritz-Strassmann-Weg 2, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
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2
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Bertram J, Neumaier F, Zlatopolskiy BD, Neumaier B. Desmethyl SuFEx-IT: SO 2F 2-Free Synthesis and Evaluation as a Fluorosulfurylating Agent. J Org Chem 2024; 89:3821-3833. [PMID: 38386004 PMCID: PMC10949248 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Access to SuFExable compounds was remarkably simplified by introduction of the solid FO2S-donor SuFEx-IT. However, the published process for preparation of this reagent relies on the use of sulfuryl fluoride (SO2F2), which is difficult to obtain and highly toxic. Herein, we disclose a simple protocol for SO2F2-free, hectogram-scale preparation of the analogous desmethyl SuFEx-IT from inexpensive starting materials. The reagent was prepared in a high (85%) total yield and without chromatographic purification steps. In addition, we demonstrate the utility of desmethyl SuFEx-IT by successful preparation of a series of fluorosulfates and sulfamoyl fluorides in high to excellent yields. As such, our work recognizes desmethyl SuFEx-IT as a valuable alternative to common FO2S-donors and enables cost-efficient access to substrates for SuFEx click chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Bertram
- Forschungszentrum
Jülich GmbH, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Nuclear
Chemistry (INM-5), Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, Jülich 52425, Germany
| | - Felix Neumaier
- Forschungszentrum
Jülich GmbH, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Nuclear
Chemistry (INM-5), Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, Jülich 52425, Germany
- Faculty
of Medicine and Cologne University Hospital, Institute of Radiochemistry
and Experimental Molecular Imaging, University
of Cologne, Kerpener
Straße 62, Cologne 50937, Germany
| | - Boris D. Zlatopolskiy
- Forschungszentrum
Jülich GmbH, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Nuclear
Chemistry (INM-5), Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, Jülich 52425, Germany
- Faculty
of Medicine and Cologne University Hospital, Institute of Radiochemistry
and Experimental Molecular Imaging, University
of Cologne, Kerpener
Straße 62, Cologne 50937, Germany
| | - Bernd Neumaier
- Forschungszentrum
Jülich GmbH, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Nuclear
Chemistry (INM-5), Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, Jülich 52425, Germany
- Faculty
of Medicine and Cologne University Hospital, Institute of Radiochemistry
and Experimental Molecular Imaging, University
of Cologne, Kerpener
Straße 62, Cologne 50937, Germany
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3
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Craig A, Kogler J, Laube M, Ullrich M, Donat CK, Wodtke R, Kopka K, Stadlbauer S. Preparation of 18F-Labeled Tracers Targeting Fibroblast Activation Protein via Sulfur [ 18F]Fluoride Exchange Reaction. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2749. [PMID: 38140090 PMCID: PMC10747913 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15122749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Early detection and treatment of cancers can significantly increase patient prognosis and enhance the quality of life of affected patients. The emerging significance of the tumor microenvironment (TME) as a new frontier for cancer diagnosis and therapy may be exploited by radiolabeled tracers for diagnostic imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET). Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) within the TME are identified by biomarkers such as fibroblast activation protein alpha (FAPα), which are expressed on their surfaces. Targeting FAPα using small-molecule 18F-labeled inhibitors (FAPIs) has recently garnered significant attention for non-invasive tumor visualization using PET. Herein, two potent aryl-fluorosulfate-based FAPIs, 12 and 13, were synthetically prepared, and their inhibition potency was determined using a fluorimetric FAP assay to be IC50 9.63 and 4.17 nM, respectively. Radiofluorination was performed via the sulfur [18F]fluoride exchange ([18F]SuFEx) reaction to furnish [18F]12 and [18F]13 in high activity yields (AY) of 39-56% and molar activities (Am) between 20-55 GBq/µmol. In vitro experiments focused on the stability of the radiolabeled FAPIs after incubation with human serum, liver microsomes and liver cytosol. Preliminary PET studies of the radioligands were performed in healthy mice to investigate the in vivo biodistribution and 18F defluorination rate. Fast pharmacokinetics for the FAP-targeting tracers were retained and considerable bone uptake, caused by either 18F defluorination or radioligand accumulation, was observed. In summary, our findings demonstrate the efficiency of [18F]SuFEx as a radiolabeling method as well as its advantages and limitations with respect to PET tracer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Craig
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner Landstraße 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany; (A.C.)
| | - Jürgen Kogler
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner Landstraße 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany; (A.C.)
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Markus Laube
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner Landstraße 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany; (A.C.)
| | - Martin Ullrich
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner Landstraße 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany; (A.C.)
| | - Cornelius K. Donat
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner Landstraße 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany; (A.C.)
| | - Robert Wodtke
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner Landstraße 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany; (A.C.)
| | - Klaus Kopka
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner Landstraße 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany; (A.C.)
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Sven Stadlbauer
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner Landstraße 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany; (A.C.)
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
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4
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Deng X, Zhu X. Recent Advances of S- 18F Radiochemistry for Positron Emission Tomography. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:37720-37730. [PMID: 37867643 PMCID: PMC10586020 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
The click chemistry of sulfur(VI) fluoride exchange (SuFEx) has facilitated the widespread application of sulfur-fluoride compounds such as sulfonyl fluorides, fluorosulfates, and sulfamoyl fluorides in various fields, especially in the development of 18F ligands for PET (positron emission tomography) imaging. In recent years, the prominent progress of sulfur-[18F]fluoride compounds has been achieved through the combination of 18F and sulfur-fluoride chemistry. These compounds serve as potential 18F tracers, 18F synthons, and reagents for 18F-fluorination, thereby complementing the range of 18F ligands, typically C-18F structures, used in PET studies. This review aims to provide an overview of S-18F labeling reactions through examples of relevant 18F compounds and highlight the advancements and breakthroughs achieved in the past decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Deng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine,
Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine,
Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
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5
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Kim MP, Cho H, Kayal S, Jeon MH, Seo JK, Son J, Jeong J, Hong SY, Chun JH. Direct 18F-Fluorosulfurylation of Phenols and Amines Using an [ 18F]FSO 2+ Transfer Agent Generated In Situ. J Org Chem 2023; 88:6263-6273. [PMID: 37032486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
We report the direct radiofluorosulfurylation method for the synthesis of 18F-labeled fluorosulfuryl derivatives from phenols and amines using an [18F]FSO2+ transfer agent generated in situ. Nucleophilic radiofluorination is achieved even in a hydrous organic medium, obviating the need for azeotropic drying and the use of cryptands. This unprecedented, operationally simple isotopic functionalization facilitates the reliable production of potential radiotracers for positron emission tomography, rendering facile access to SuFEx radiochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Pyeong Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojin Cho
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Swatilekha Kayal
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ho Jeon
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Kon Seo
- UNIST Central Research Facility, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongmin Son
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsil Jeong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung You Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Hyun Chun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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6
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Deng X, Wang Z, Zhou H, Liu J, Yu B, Zhu X. Radiosynthesis of 18F-Labeled Arenesulfonyl Fluorides through Two-Bond Construction with [ 18F]Fluoride. Org Lett 2023; 25:1969-1973. [PMID: 36920257 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
A novel 18F labeling strategy was developed to directly construct aryl-SO2-18F from arenediazonium tosylates with a SO2 source and [18F]fluoride. This approach is compatible with a wide range of substrates and enabled the production of 18F-labeled drug-like derivatives through late-stage 18F fluorination, representing a significant advance in the radiosynthesis of 18F-labeled arenesulfonyl fluorides. A reactive 18F labeling synthon, bearing a maleimide-based prosthetic group, allowed for the generation of 18F-labeled temperature-sensitive biomolecules containing cysteine residues via maleimide-cysteine chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Deng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030 Wuhan, China
| | - Ziqiang Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030 Wuhan, China
| | - Huimin Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030 Wuhan, China
| | - Junyi Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030 Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030 Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030 Wuhan, China
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7
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King AT, Matesic L, Keaveney ST, Jamie JF. An Investigation into the In Vitro Metabolic Stability of Aryl Sulfonyl Fluorides for their Application in Medicinal Chemistry and Radiochemistry. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:1061-1071. [PMID: 36638322 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Molecules that feature a sulfonyl fluoride (SO2F) moiety have been gaining increasing interest due to their unique reactivity and potential applications in synthetic chemistry, medicinal chemistry, and other biological uses. A particular interest is towards 18F-radiochemistry where sulfonyl fluorides can be used as a method to radiolabel biomolecules or can be used as radiofluoride relay reagents that facilitate radiolabeling of other molecules. The low metabolic stability of sulfonyl fluoride S-F bonds, however, presents an issue and limits the applicability of sulfonyl fluorides. The aim of this work was to increase understanding of what features contribute to the metabolic instability of the S-F bond in model aryl sulfonyl fluorides and identify approaches to increasing sulfonyl fluoride stability for 18F-radiochemistry and other medicinal, synthetic chemistry and biological applications. To undertake this, 14 model aryl sulfonyl fluorides compounds with varying functional groups and substitution patterns were investigated, and their stabilities were examined in various media, including phosphate-buffered saline and rat serum as a model for biological conditions. The results indicate that both electronic and steric factors affect the stability of the S-F bond, with the 2,4,6-trisubstituted model aryl sulfonyl fluorides examined displaying the highest in vitro metabolic stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T King
- School of Natural Sciences, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Lidia Matesic
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, New Illawarra Rd, Lucas Heights, New South Wales 2234, Australia
| | - Sinead T Keaveney
- School of Natural Sciences, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales 2109, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Joanne F Jamie
- School of Natural Sciences, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales 2109, Australia
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8
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Abstract
18F-Labeling methods for the preparation of 18F-labeled molecular probes can be classified into electrophilic fluorination, nucleophilic fluorination, metal-F coordination, and 18F/19F isotope exchange. Isotope exchange-based 18F-labeling methods demonstrate mild conditions featuring water resistance and facile high-performance liquid chromatography-free purification in direct 18F-labeling of substrates. This paper systematically reviews isotope exchange-based 18F-labeling methods sorted by the adjacent atom bonding with F, i.e., carbon and noncarbon atoms (Si, B, P, S, Ga, Fe, etc.). The respective isotope exchange mechanism, radiolabeling condition, radiochemical yield, molar activity, and stability of the 18F-product are mainly discussed for each isotope exchange-based 18F-labeling method as well as the cutting-edge application of the corresponding 18F-labeled molecular probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Shengji Lv
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Zhaobiao Mou
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Zhenru Zhang
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Taotao Dong
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Zijing Li
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
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9
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Bonnefoy C, Chefdeville E, Tourvieille C, Panossian A, Hanquet G, Leroux F, Toulgoat F, Billard T. Study of Carbamoyl Fluoride: Synthesis, Properties and Applications. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201589. [PMID: 35639343 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Carbamoyl fluoride is a fluorinated group that, to this date, remains underexplored, probably due to the lack of data concerning its properties. In this paper, a study of carbamoyl fluoride is presented. Stability studies, in particular under physiological conditions, and lipophilicity measurement were performed. A new easy, safe, inexpensive, and metal-free synthesis method is also described. Finally, a potential use in radiochemistry through a 18 F/19 F isotopic exchange is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Bonnefoy
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246), Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, 1 rue Victor Grignard, 69622, Lyon, France
| | - Emmanuel Chefdeville
- NMR Centre, Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, 1 rue Victor Grignard, 69622, Lyon, France
| | | | - Armen Panossian
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, ECPM, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Gilles Hanquet
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, ECPM, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Frédéric Leroux
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, ECPM, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabien Toulgoat
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246), Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, 1 rue Victor Grignard, 69622, Lyon, France.,CPE, Lyon Campus LyonTech-La Doua, 43 Bd du 11 novembre 1918, 69616, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Thierry Billard
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246), Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, 1 rue Victor Grignard, 69622, Lyon, France.,CERMEP-In vivo imaging Groupement Hospitalier Est, 59 Bd Pinel, 69677, Lyon, France
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10
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Zhang W, Deng X, Zhang FX, Lin JH, Xiao JC, Liang SH. Synthesis and 18F Labeling of Alkenyl Sulfonyl Fluorides via an Unconventional Elimination Pathway. Org Lett 2022; 24:4992-4997. [PMID: 35771975 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A successful Cu-catalyzed addition of both Cl and SO2OCF2H groups into alkenes allows us to discover the unusual reactivity of the SO2OCF2H group. As opposed to common sulfonic esters (RSO2-O-R'), in which the R' group is highly electrophilic, the SO2 moiety demonstrates higher electrophilicity in RSO2-OCF2H. The unexpected reactivity is further developed not only as a synthetic tool for well-functionalized alkenyl sulfonyl fluorides but also for the first 18F labeling of alkenyl sulfonyl fluorides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, 200032 Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyun Deng
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, White 427, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030 Wuhan, China
| | - Feng-Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, 200032 Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Hong Lin
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, 200032 Shanghai, China.,Department of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Ji-Chang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, 200032 Shanghai, China
| | - Steven H Liang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, White 427, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
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11
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Wang Y, Lin Q, Shi H, Cheng D. Fluorine-18: Radiochemistry and Target-Specific PET Molecular Probes Design. Front Chem 2022; 10:884517. [PMID: 35844642 PMCID: PMC9277085 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.884517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The positron emission tomography (PET) molecular imaging technology has gained universal value as a critical tool for assessing biological and biochemical processes in living subjects. The favorable chemical, physical, and nuclear characteristics of fluorine-18 (97% β+ decay, 109.8 min half-life, 635 keV positron energy) make it an attractive nuclide for labeling and molecular imaging. It stands that 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) is the most popular PET tracer. Besides that, a significantly abundant proportion of PET probes in clinical use or under development contain a fluorine or fluoroalkyl substituent group. For the reasons given above, 18F-labeled radiotracer design has become a hot topic in radiochemistry and radiopharmaceutics. Over the past decades, we have witnessed a rapid growth in 18F-labeling methods owing to the development of new reagents and catalysts. This review aims to provide an overview of strategies in radiosynthesis of [18F]fluorine-containing moieties with nucleophilic [18F]fluorides since 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunze Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingyu Lin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongcheng Shi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Hongcheng Shi, ; Dengfeng Cheng,
| | - Dengfeng Cheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Hongcheng Shi, ; Dengfeng Cheng,
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12
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Greed S, Symes O, Bull JA. Stereospecific reaction of sulfonimidoyl fluorides with Grignard reagents for the synthesis of enantioenriched sulfoximines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:5387-5390. [PMID: 35416220 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01219g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Sulfonimidoyl halides have previously shown poor stability and selectivity in reaction with organometallic reagents. Here we report the preparation of enantioenriched sulfonimidoyl fluorides and their stereospecific reaction at sulfur with Grignard reagents. Notably the first enantioenriched alkyl sulfonimidoyl fluorides are prepared, including methyl. The nature of the N-group is important to the success of the stereocontrolled sequence to sulfoximines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Greed
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK.
| | - Oliver Symes
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK.
| | - James A Bull
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK.
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