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Teli P, Soni S, Teli S, Agarwal S. Unlocking Diversity: From Simple to Cutting-Edge Synthetic Methodologies of Bis(indolyl)methanes. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2024; 382:8. [PMID: 38403746 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-024-00454-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
From a synthetic perspective, bis(indolyl)methanes have undergone extensive investigation over the past two to three decades owing to their remarkable pharmacological activities, encompassing anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antiinflammatory properties. These highly desirable attributes have spurred significant interest within the scientific community, leading to the development of various synthetic strategies that are not only more efficient but also ecofriendly. This synthesis-based literature review delves into the advancements made in the past 5 years, focusing on the synthesis of symmetrical as well as unsymmetrical bis(indolyl)methanes. The review encompasses a wide array of methods, ranging from well-established techniques to more unconventional and innovative approaches. Furthermore, it highlights the exploration of various substrates, encompassing readily available chemicals such as indole, aldehydes/ketones, indolyl methanols, etc. as well as the use of some specific compounds as starting materials to achieve the synthesis of this invaluable molecule. By encapsulating the latest developments in this field, this review provides insights into the expanding horizons of bis(indolyl)methane synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Teli
- Department of Chemistry, Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, MLSU, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shivani Soni
- Department of Chemistry, Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, MLSU, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sunita Teli
- Department of Chemistry, Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, MLSU, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shikha Agarwal
- Department of Chemistry, Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, MLSU, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.
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Qu Y, Cai X, Guan Y, Tan J, Cai Z, Liu M, Huang Y, Hu J, Chen WH, Wu JQ. Divergent synthesis of difluoromethylated indole-3-carbinols, bisindolylmethanes and indole-3-methanamines. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 22:90-94. [PMID: 38047717 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01735d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Indole-3-carbinol, bisindolylmethanes (BIMs) and indole-3-methanamines exhibit diverse therapeutic activities. Fluorinated molecules are widely used in pharmaceuticals. Herein we report a facile and straightforward method for the successful synthesis of difluoromethylated indole-3-carbinols, bisindolylmethanes and indole-3-methanamines by a Friedel-Crafts reaction. The reaction involves the in situ generation of difluoroacetaldehyde from difluoroacetaldehyde ethyl hemiacetal in the presence of a base or an acid. This protocol is distinguished by its good to excellent yields, broad substrate compatibility, good functional group tolerance and scalability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Qu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, No. 99 Yingbin Road, Jiangmen 529020, China.
| | - Xiaojia Cai
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, No. 99 Yingbin Road, Jiangmen 529020, China.
| | - Yuzhuang Guan
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, No. 99 Yingbin Road, Jiangmen 529020, China.
| | - Jiamin Tan
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, No. 99 Yingbin Road, Jiangmen 529020, China.
| | - Zhangping Cai
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, No. 99 Yingbin Road, Jiangmen 529020, China.
| | - Minyun Liu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, No. 99 Yingbin Road, Jiangmen 529020, China.
| | - Yasi Huang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, No. 99 Yingbin Road, Jiangmen 529020, China.
| | - Jinhui Hu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, No. 99 Yingbin Road, Jiangmen 529020, China.
| | - Wen-Hua Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, No. 99 Yingbin Road, Jiangmen 529020, China.
| | - Jia-Qiang Wu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, No. 99 Yingbin Road, Jiangmen 529020, China.
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