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Xie D, Zeng W, Yang J, Ma X. Visible-light-promoted direct desulfurization of glycosyl thiols to access C-glycosides. Nat Commun 2024; 15:9187. [PMID: 39448612 PMCID: PMC11502824 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-53563-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 10/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024] Open
Abstract
C-Glycosides are essential for the study of biological processes and the development of carbohydrate-based drugs. Despite the tremendous hurdles, glycochemists have often fantasized about the efficient, highly stereoselective synthesis of C-glycosides with the shortest steps under mild conditions. Herein, we report a desulfurative radical protocol to synthesize C-alkyl glycosides and coumarin C-glycosides under visible-light induced conditions without the need of an extra photocatalyst, in which stable and readily available glycosyl thiols that could be readily obtained from native sugars are activated in situ by pentafluoropyridine. The benefits of this procedure include high stereoselectivity, broad substrate scope, and easy handling. Mechanistic studies indicate that the in situ produced tetrafluoropyridyl S-glycosides form key electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complexes with Hantzsch ester (for C-alkyl glycosides) or Et3N (for coumarin C-glycosides), which, upon irradiation with visible light, trigger a cascade of glycosyl radical processes to access C-glycosides smoothly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demeng Xie
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wei Zeng
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaofeng Ma
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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2
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Moritsuka N, Kiya N, Moriyama T, Koshino H, Yoritate M, Matoba H, Hirai G. Linkage-Editing of Melibiosamine: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of CH 2- and CHF-Linked Analogs. J Org Chem 2024; 89:11909-11920. [PMID: 39119939 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c01143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Melibiosamine (Gal-α(1,6)-GlcNH2), consisting of galactose and glucosamine linked by an α(1,6)-glycosidic bond, is an artificial disaccharide derivative that selectively inhibits the proliferation of K562 tumor cells relative to HUC-F2 normal cells. In this study, we employed a linkage-editing strategy to synthesize CH2- and CHF-linked melibiosamine analogs through chemo- and stereoselective hydrogenation of fluorovinyl-C-glycoside. (R)-CHF-Melibiosamine exhibited more potent antiproliferative activity than O-linked melibiosamine, while (S)-CHF-melibiosamine was less potent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuho Moritsuka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Noriaki Kiya
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takahiro Moriyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Koshino
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Makoto Yoritate
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Matoba
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Go Hirai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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3
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Ding W, Chen X, Sun Z, Luo J, Wang S, Lu Q, Ma J, Zhao C, Chen FE, Xu C. A Radical Activation Strategy for Versatile and Stereoselective N-Glycosylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202409004. [PMID: 38837495 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202409004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Previous N-glycosylation approaches have predominately involved acidic conditions, facing challenges of low stereoselectivity and limited scope. Herein, we introduce a radical activation strategy that enables versatile and stereoselective N-glycosylation using readily accessible glycosyl sulfinate donors under basic conditions and exhibits exceptional tolerance towards various N-aglycones containing alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl and nucleobase functionalities. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicate a pivotal role of iodide, which orchestrates the formation of a glycosyl radical from the glycosyl sulfinate and subsequent generation of the key intermediate, a configurationally well-defined glycosyl iodide, which is subsequently attacked by an N-aglycone in a stereospecific SN2 manner to give the desired N-glycosides. An alternative route involving the coupling of a glycosyl radical and a nitrogen-centered radical is also proposed, affording the exclusive 1,2-trans product. This novel approach promises to broaden the synthetic landscape of N-glycosides, offering a powerful tool for the construction of complex glycosidic structures under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Ding
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
- Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Quanzhou, 362801, China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Zuyao Sun
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Jiaxin Luo
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Shiping Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Qingqing Lu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Jialu Ma
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Chongxin Zhao
- Jiangsu Jiyi New Material CO., LTD, Xuzhou, 221700, China
| | - Fen-Er Chen
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis for Chiral Drugs, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Chunfa Xu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
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4
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Wu J, Purushothaman R, Kallert F, Homölle SL, Ackermann L. Electrochemical Glycosylation via Halogen-Atom-Transfer for C-Glycoside Assembly. ACS Catal 2024; 14:11532-11544. [PMID: 39114086 PMCID: PMC11301629 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.4c02322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Glycosyl donor activation emerged as an enabling technology for anomeric functionalization, but aimed primarily at O-glycosylation. In contrast, we herein disclose mechanistically distinct electrochemical glycosyl bromide donor activations via halogen-atom transfer and anomeric C-glycosylation. The anomeric radical addition to alkenes led to C-alkyl glycoside synthesis under precious metal-free reaction conditions from readily available glycosyl bromides. The robustness of our e-XAT strategy was further mirrored by C-aryl and C-acyl glycosides assembly through nickela-electrocatalysis. Our approach provides an orthogonal strategy for glycosyl donor activation with expedient scope, hence representing a general method for direct C-glycosides assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Felix Kallert
- Wöhler-Research Institute
for Sustainable Chemistry, Georg-August-Universität
Göttingen, Tammannstraße
2, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Simon L. Homölle
- Wöhler-Research Institute
for Sustainable Chemistry, Georg-August-Universität
Göttingen, Tammannstraße
2, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Wöhler-Research Institute
for Sustainable Chemistry, Georg-August-Universität
Göttingen, Tammannstraße
2, Göttingen 37077, Germany
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5
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Sawada N, Yu Z, Takinami H, Inoue D, Ghosh T, Sasaki N, Nokami T, Taniguchi T, Abe M, Koike T. Organophotocatalytic access to C-glycosides: multicomponent coupling reactions using glycosyl bromides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024. [PMID: 39034774 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02833c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Photochemical multi-component coupling reactions initiated by the activation of glycosyl bromides in the presence of 1,4-bis(diphenylamino)benzene (BDB) as an organic photocatalyst were developed. C-glycosides accompanied by olefin (di)functionalization were obtained. This method allows us to access various C-glycosides with alkene, carbonyl, alcohol, ether, and amide functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Sawada
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyamacho minami, Tottori city, 680-8552 Tottori, Japan
| | - Ziyi Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyamacho minami, Tottori city, 680-8552 Tottori, Japan
| | - Hiryu Takinami
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyamacho minami, Tottori city, 680-8552 Tottori, Japan
| | - Daichi Inoue
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyamacho minami, Tottori city, 680-8552 Tottori, Japan
| | - Titli Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyamacho minami, Tottori city, 680-8552 Tottori, Japan
| | - Norihiko Sasaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyamacho minami, Tottori city, 680-8552 Tottori, Japan
- Centre for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyamacho minami, Tottori city, 680-8552 Tottori, Japan
| | - Toshiki Nokami
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyamacho minami, Tottori city, 680-8552 Tottori, Japan
- Centre for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyamacho minami, Tottori city, 680-8552 Tottori, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Taniguchi
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba city, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Manabu Abe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima city, Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - Takashi Koike
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Fundamental Engineering, Nippon Institute of Technology, E24-315, 4-1 Gakuendai, Miyashiro-Machi, Minamisaitama-Gun, 345-8501 Saitama, Japan
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6
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Sharma MK, Tiwari B, Hussain N. Pd-catalyzed stereoselective synthesis of chromone C-glycosides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:4838-4841. [PMID: 38619439 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00486h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we present an efficient Pd-catalysed method for stereoselective synthesis of chromone C-glycosides from various glycals. We successfully applied this method to various glycals with different protecting groups, yielding the corresponding glycosides in 41-78% yields. Additionally, we investigated the potential of this approach for the late-stage modification of natural products and pharmaceutical compounds linked to glycals, leading to the synthesis of their respective glycosides. Furthermore, we extended our research to gram-scale synthesis and demonstrated its applicability in producing various valuable products, including 2-deoxy-chromone C-glycosides. In summary, our work introduces a novel library of chromone glycosides, which holds promise for advancing drug discovery efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar Sharma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India.
| | - Bindu Tiwari
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India.
| | - Nazar Hussain
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India.
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7
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Gorelik DJ, Desai SP, Jdanova S, Turner JA, Taylor MS. Transformations of carbohydrate derivatives enabled by photocatalysis and visible light photochemistry. Chem Sci 2024; 15:1204-1236. [PMID: 38274059 PMCID: PMC10806712 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05400d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This review article highlights the diverse ways in which recent developments in the areas of photocatalysis and visible light photochemistry are impacting synthetic carbohydrate chemistry. The major topics covered are photocatalytic glycosylations, generation of radicals at the anomeric position, transformations involving radical formation at non-anomeric positions, additions to glycals, processes initiated by photocatalytic hydrogen atom transfer from sugars, and functional group interconversions at OH and SH groups. Factors influencing stereo- and site-selectivity in these processes, along with mechanistic aspects, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Gorelik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Shrey P Desai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Sofia Jdanova
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Julia A Turner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Mark S Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
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