1
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Peng ER, Burke AM, Dibble DJ, Kc CB, Kurakake R, Liu P, Lopez R, Dennison PR, Gorodetsky AA. An aza-Diels-Alder approach to nitrogen-containing tetrabenzoacene derivatives. RSC Adv 2024; 14:28475-28486. [PMID: 39247507 PMCID: PMC11378750 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07136g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Acenes and N-heteroacenes have been synthesized and studied for over a century because of their fundamentally interesting materials properties and promise for device applications. Within this context, our laboratory has previously synthesized nitrogen-containing tetrabenzo[de,hi,op,st]pentacenes via an aza-Diels-Alder reaction-based approach, and herein, we expand our methodology to obtain substituted, expanded, functionalized, and dimeric tetrabenzoacenes. Overall, our study adds to the limited number of tetrabenzoacene derivatives reported to date and may open further opportunities for these materials in organic optoelectronics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan R Peng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Anthony M Burke
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - David J Dibble
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Chandra B Kc
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Reina Kurakake
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Panyiming Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Robert Lopez
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Philip R Dennison
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Alon A Gorodetsky
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
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2
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Thielert P, El Bitar Nehme M, Mayländer M, Franz M, Zimmermann SL, Fisch F, Gilch P, Vargas Jentzsch A, Rickhaus M, Richert S. Influence of the substitution position on spin communication in photoexcited perylene-nitroxide dyads. Chem Sci 2024; 15:7515-7523. [PMID: 38784753 PMCID: PMC11110163 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00328d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
By virtue of the modularity of their structures, their tunable optical and magnetic properties, and versatile applications, photogenerated triplet-radical systems provide an ideal platform for the study of the factors controlling spin communication in molecular frameworks. Typically, these compounds consist of an organic chromophore covalently attached to a stable radical. After formation of the chromophore triplet state by photoexcitation, two spin centres are present in the molecule that will interact. The nature of their interaction is governed by the magnitude of the exchange interaction between them and can be studied by making use of transient electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) techniques. Here, we investigate three perylene-nitroxide dyads that only differ with respect to the position where the nitroxide radical is attached to the perylene core. The comparison of the results from transient UV-vis and EPR experiments reveals major differences in the excited state properties of the three dyads, notably their triplet state formation yield, excited state deactivation kinetics, and spin coherence times. Spectral simulations and quantum chemical calculations are used to rationalise these findings and demonstrate the importance of considering the structural flexibility and the contribution of rotational conformers for an accurate interpretation of the data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Thielert
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Freiburg Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Mélissa El Bitar Nehme
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Maximilian Mayländer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Freiburg Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Michael Franz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Freiburg Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Simon L Zimmermann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Fabienne Fisch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Peter Gilch
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Andreas Vargas Jentzsch
- SAMS Research Group, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron UPR 22 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Michel Rickhaus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Sabine Richert
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Freiburg Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
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3
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Hernández-Ruiz R, Gómez-Gil S, Pedrosa MR, Suárez-Pantiga S, Sanz R. Direct synthesis of haloaromatics from nitroarenes via a sequential one-pot Mo-catalyzed reduction/Sandmeyer reaction. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:7791-7798. [PMID: 37706648 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01187a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the direct synthesis of a wide variety of functionalized aromatic bromides, chlorides, iodides, and fluorides from nitroarenes in a sequential one-pot operation. This protocol is based on an air- and moisture-tolerant dioxomolybdenum-catalyzed reduction of nitroaromatics, employing pinacol as a reducing agent, which enables subsequent diazotization and halogenation steps. This methodology represents a step-economical, practical, and alternative procedure for synthesizing haloaromatics directly from nitroaromatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Hernández-Ruiz
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
| | - Sara Gómez-Gil
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
| | - María R Pedrosa
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
| | - Samuel Suárez-Pantiga
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
| | - Roberto Sanz
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
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4
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Hauenschild T, Hinderberger D. A New Rapid and Specific Iodination Reagent for Phenolic Compounds. ORGANICS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/org4020011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A new rapid iodination reagent, N1,N3,N5-tris[(2,4,6-trimethylpyridine)iodo(I)]-2,4,6-triphenyl-s-triazine trihexafluorophosphate, was synthesized in a modification of the established synthesis of 2,4,6-triiodo-3,5-dimethylphenol in the presence of bis(2,4,6-trimethylpyridine)iodo(I) hexafluorophosphate and used for the precise post-modification of mono- and trisubstituted phenyl compounds. We performed triple iodinations with our new phenyl-based compounds as a proof of principle of selected types of phenols, ß-sympatholytic agents and their spin-labeled derivatives, which can be employed in electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The new rapid iodination reagent can be employed with high reactivity and regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Hauenschild
- Institute of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry—Complex Self-Organizing Systems, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Toxicology—Drug & Medical Analytics, R&D, Head of Laboratory (“General Unknown Screening”), MVZ Medizinische Labore Dessau Kassel GmbH—Limbach Gruppe SE, Bauhüttenstraße 6, 06847 Dessau-Roßlau, Germany
| | - Dariush Hinderberger
- Institute of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry—Complex Self-Organizing Systems, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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5
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Deaminative bromination, chlorination, and iodination of primary amines. iScience 2023; 26:106255. [PMID: 36909668 PMCID: PMC9993034 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary amino group has been seldom utilized as a transformable functionality in organic synthesis. Reported herein is a deaminative halogenation of primary amines using N-anomeric amide as the nitrogen-deletion reagent. Both aliphatic and aromatic amines are competent substrates for direct halogenations. The mildness and robustness of the protocol are evidenced by the successful reactions of several complex- and functional group-enriched bioactive compounds or drugs. Elaboration of the resulting products provides interesting analogues of drug molecules.
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6
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Ha HJ, Kim B, Jo S, Kim S, Park J, Cho CW. Synthesis of Tricyclic Tetrazoles by Cascade Diazotization/Intramolecular Radical C-H Heteroarylation of Arenes. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 36787425 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
A cascade diazotization/intramolecular radical C-H heteroarylation of 1-benzyloxy-5-aminotetrazoles and 1-phenethyl-5-aminotetrazoles as substrates using sodium nitrite and acetic acid without any heating, catalysis, irradiation, or electrolysis is reported. This one-pot reaction afforded the desired tricyclic tetrazole products in good yields (up to 94%) without isolation of the diazonium salt intermediate under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heun-Jong Ha
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Bora Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Subin Jo
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sugyeong Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Park
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Woo Cho
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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7
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Si T, Cho H, Kim HY, Oh K. ortho-Naphthoquinone-Catalyzed Aerobic Hydrodeamination of Aryl Amines via in Situ De-diazotization of Aryl Diazonium Species. Org Lett 2022; 24:8531-8535. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tengda Si
- Center for Metareceptome Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hana Cho
- Center for Metareceptome Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Young Kim
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungsoo Oh
- Center for Metareceptome Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul06974, Republic of Korea
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8
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Alvi S, Jayant V, Ali R. Applications of Oxone® in Organic Synthesis: An Emerging Green Reagent of Modern Era. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shakeel Alvi
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, Okhla New Delhi 110025 India
| | - Vikrant Jayant
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, Okhla New Delhi 110025 India
| | - Rashid Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, Okhla New Delhi 110025 India
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9
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Rayner PJ, Fekete M, Gater CA, Ahwal F, Turner N, Kennerley AJ, Duckett SB. Real-Time High-Sensitivity Reaction Monitoring of Important Nitrogen-Cycle Synthons by 15N Hyperpolarized Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:8756-8769. [PMID: 35508182 PMCID: PMC9121385 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Here, we show how
signal amplification by reversible exchange hyperpolarization
of a range of 15N-containing synthons can be used to enable
studies of their reactivity by 15N nuclear magnetic resonance
(NO2– (28% polarization), ND3 (3%), PhCH2NH2 (5%), NaN3 (3%),
and NO3– (0.1%)). A range of iridium-based
spin-polarization transfer catalysts are used, which for NO2– work optimally as an amino-derived carbene-containing
complex with a DMAP-d2 coligand. We harness
long 15N spin-order lifetimes to probe in situ reactivity
out to 3 × T1. In the case of NO2– (T1 17.7 s
at 9.4 T), we monitor PhNH2 diazotization in acidic solution.
The resulting diazonium salt (15N-T1 38 s) forms within 30 s, and its subsequent reaction with
NaN3 leads to the detection of hyperpolarized PhN3 (T1 192 s) in a second step via the
formation of an identified cyclic pentazole intermediate. The role
of PhN3 and NaN3 in copper-free click chemistry
is exemplified for hyperpolarized triazole (T1 < 10 s) formation when they react with a strained alkyne.
We also demonstrate simple routes to hyperpolarized N2 in
addition to showing how utilization of 15N-polarized PhCH2NH2 enables the probing of amidation, sulfonamidation,
and imine formation. Hyperpolarized ND3 is used to probe
imine and ND4+ (T1 33.6 s) formation. Furthermore, for NO2–, we also demonstrate how the 15N-magnetic resonance imaging
monitoring of biphasic catalysis confirms the successful preparation
of an aqueous bolus of hyperpolarized 15NO2– in seconds with 8% polarization. Hence, we create
a versatile tool to probe organic transformations that has significant
relevance for the synthesis of future hyperpolarized pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Rayner
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Marianna Fekete
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Callum A Gater
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Fadi Ahwal
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Norman Turner
- Department of Engineering and Technology, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, West Yorkshire HD1 3DH, U.K
| | - Aneurin J Kennerley
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Simon B Duckett
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
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10
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Kawasaki Y, Rashid S, Ikeyatsu K, Mutoh Y, Yoshigoe Y, Kikkawa S, Azumaya I, Hosoya S, Saito S. Conformational Control of [2]Rotaxane by Hydrogen Bond. J Org Chem 2022; 87:5744-5759. [PMID: 35389647 PMCID: PMC9087201 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A series of [2]rotaxanes with various functional groups in the axle component was synthesized by the oxidative dimerization of alkynes, which is mediated by a macrocyclic phenanthroline-Cu complex. The rotaxanes were fully characterized by spectroscopic methods, and the structure of a rotaxane was determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis. The interaction between the ring component and the axle component was studied in detail to understand the conformation of the rotaxanes. The presence of the hydrogen bond between the phenanthroline moiety in the macrocyclic component and the acidic proton in the axle component influenced the conformation of rotaxane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kawasaki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Showkat Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Ikeyatsu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Mutoh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yoshigoe
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Shoko Kikkawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
| | - Isao Azumaya
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
| | - Shoichi Hosoya
- Research Center for Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Shinichi Saito
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
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11
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Copper-Free Halodediazoniation of Arenediazonium Tetrafluoroborates in Deep Eutectic Solvents-like Mixtures. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27061909. [PMID: 35335275 PMCID: PMC8950527 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES)-like mixtures, based on glycerol and different halide organic and inorganic salts, are successfully exploited as new media in copper-free halodediazoniation of arenediazonium salts. The reactions are carried out in absence of metal-based catalysts, at room temperature and in a short time. Pure target products are obtained without the need for chromatographic separation. The solvents are fully characterized, and a computational study is presented aiming to understand the reaction mechanism.
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12
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Swain AK, Radacki K, Braunschweig H, Ravat P. Pyrene-Fused [7]Helicenes Connected Via Hexagonal and Heptagonal Rings: Stereospecific Synthesis and Chiroptical Properties. J Org Chem 2022; 87:993-1000. [PMID: 34990132 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this manuscript, we portrayed a stereospecific synthesis of C2- and C1-symmetric pyrene-fused [7]helicene compounds 1 and 2, respectively. Compounds 1 and 2 were synthesized via a one-pot Suzuki coupling-C-H activation and two-step Suzuki coupling-Scholl reaction, respectively, with complete retention of configuration. The synthesized molecules differ in the fusing mode of [7]helicene units with pyrene via six- and seven-membered rings for 1 and 2, respectively. There was a significant difference in the functional properties and enantiomerization barrier of both compounds because of their distinct molecular symmetry as well as fusing mode to pyrene moiety. The heptagon-containing molecule 2 showed remarkable photophysical and chiroptical properties with commendable configurational stability compared to 1 and pristine [7]helicene as well as its [5]helicene congener.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Kumar Swain
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Krzysztof Radacki
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Prince Ravat
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
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13
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Sivendran N, Belitz F, Sowa Prendes D, Martínez ÁM, Schmid R, Goossen LJ. Photochemical Sandmeyer-type Halogenation of Arenediazonium Salts. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103669. [PMID: 34911153 PMCID: PMC9303768 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Trihalide salts were found to efficiently promote photochemical dediazotizing halogenations of diazonium salts. In contrast to classical Sandmeyer reactions, no metal catalysts are required to achieve high yields and outstanding selectivities for halogenation over competing hydridodediazotization. Convenient protocols are disclosed for synthetically meaningful brominations, iodinations, and chlorinations of diversely functionalized derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nardana Sivendran
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum: Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, Organic Chemistry, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, GERMANY
| | - Florian Belitz
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum: Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, Organic Chemistry, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, GERMANY
| | - Daniel Sowa Prendes
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum: Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, Organic Chemistry, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, GERMANY
| | - Ángel Manu Martínez
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum: Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, Organic Chemistry, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, GERMANY
| | - Rochus Schmid
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum: Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, Chemistry, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, GERMANY
| | - Lukas J Goossen
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Organische Chemie I, Universitätsstraße 150, ZEMOS 2/27, 44801, 44801 Bochum, GERMANY
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14
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Taha I, Keshk EM, Khalil AGM, Fekri A. Benzocaine as a precursor of promising derivatives: synthesis, reactions, and biological activity. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01808-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Yang YM, Yan W, Hu HW, Luo Y, Tang ZY, Luo Z. Photoinduced Acetylation of Anilines under Aqueous and Catalyst-Free Conditions. J Org Chem 2021; 86:12344-12353. [PMID: 34370464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A green and efficient visible-light induced functionalization of anilines under mild conditions has been reported. Utilizing nontoxic, cost-effective, and water-soluble diacetyl as photosensitizer and acetylating reagent, and water as the solvent, a variety of anilines were converted into the corresponding aryl ketones, iodides, and bromides. With advantages of environmentally friendly conditions, simple operation, broad substrate scope, and functional group tolerance, this reaction represents a valuable method in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ming Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Wei Yan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Han-Wei Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yimin Luo
- School of Material, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zhuangzhu Luo
- School of Material, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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16
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Young N, Pike VW, Taddei C. Rapid and Efficient Synthesis of [ 11C]Trifluoromethylarenes from Primary Aromatic Amines and [ 11C]CuCF 3. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:19557-19564. [PMID: 32803050 PMCID: PMC7424730 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Prior studies have shown that trifluoromethylarenes can be labeled in high molar activities (A m > 200 GBq/μmol) with positron-emitting carbon-11 (t 1/2 = 20.4 min) by the reaction of the copper(I) derivative of [11C]fluoroform [11C]CuCF3, with several types of precursors, such as aryl iodides, arylboronic acids, and aryldiazonium salts. Nonetheless, these precursors can be challenging to synthesize, and in the case of diazonium salts, are unstable. Methods that reduce challenges in precursor preparation for the synthesis of [11C]trifluoromethylarenes are desirable to enhance possibilities for developing biologically relevant 11C-labeled compounds as radiotracers for biomedical imaging with positron emission tomography (PET). Here, we explored the production of no-carrier-added [11C]trifluoromethylarenes from commercially available primary aromatic amines through reactions of [11C]CuCF3 with diazonium salts that were generated in situ. Moderate to high isolated decay-corrected radiochemical yields (RCY) (32-84%) were obtained rapidly (within 2 min) for many para-substituted and meta-substituted primary aromatic amines bearing a halo, methoxy, thiomethyl, hydroxy, nitro, nitrile, carboxyl, ethylcarboxy, or trifluoromethyl substituent. Null to low RCYs (0-13%) were observed only for ortho bromo-, nitro-, or nitrile-substituted precursors. This new radiosynthetic method usefully expands options for producing PET radiotracers bearing a [11C]trifluoromethyl group, especially from aryl amine precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas
J. Young
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National
Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes
of Health, 10 Center
Drive, Rm B3 C346, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1003, United States
| | - Victor W. Pike
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National
Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes
of Health, 10 Center
Drive, Rm B3 C346, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1003, United States
| | - Carlotta Taddei
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National
Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes
of Health, 10 Center
Drive, Rm B3 C346, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1003, United States
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17
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Goljani H, Tavakkoli Z, Sadatnabi A, Nematollahi D. Two-Phase Electrochemical Generation of Aryldiazonium Salts: Application in Electrogenerated Copper-Catalyzed Sandmeyer Reactions. Org Lett 2020; 22:5920-5924. [PMID: 32700535 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemical generation of aryldiazonium salts from nitroarenes in a two-phase system (ethyl acetate/water) was reported for the first time. Some compounds including azo, azosulfone, and arylazides were prepared in good yields with good purity. Cathodically generated aryldiazoniums and anodically produced copper(Ι) ions were used to perform Sandmeyer reactions. To improve the method, an H-type self-driving cell equipped with a Zn rod as an anode was introduced and used for two-phase aryldiazonium production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Goljani
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali-Sina University, Hamedan 65174, Iran
| | - Zahra Tavakkoli
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali-Sina University, Hamedan 65174, Iran
| | - Ali Sadatnabi
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali-Sina University, Hamedan 65174, Iran
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18
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19
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Dhakal R, Li X, Parkin SR, Lehmler HJ. Synthesis of mono- and dimethoxylated polychlorinated biphenyl derivatives starting from fluoroarene derivatives. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:8905-8925. [PMID: 31893358 PMCID: PMC7098850 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07133-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are environmental pollutants implicated in a variety of adverse health effects, including cancer and noncancer diseases in animals and humans. PCBs are metabolized to hydroxylated compounds, and some of these PCB metabolites are more toxic than the parent PCBs. Unfortunately, most PCB metabolites needed for toxicological studies are not available from commercial sources. Moreover, it is challenging to synthesize PCB metabolites because starting materials with suitable substitution patterns are not readily available. Here, we report the novel synthesis of a variety of mono- and dimethoxyarene derivatives from commercially available fluoroarenes via nucleophilic aromatic substitution with sodium methoxide. This reaction provided good to excellent yields of the desired methoxylated products. Suzuki coupling of selected mono- and dimethoxy haloarenes with chlorinated phenylboronic acids yielded methoxylated derivatives of PCB 11, 12, 25, 35, and 36 in low to good yields. Crystal structures of 3,3'-dichloro-2,5-dimethoxy-1,1'-biphenyl and 3',5-dichloro-2,3-dimethoxy-1,1'-biphenyl confirmed the substitution pattern of both compounds. This synthesis strategy provides straightforward access to a range of mono- and dimethoxylated PCB derivatives that were not readily accessible previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Dhakal
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, University of Iowa Research Park, #221 IREH, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Xueshu Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, University of Iowa Research Park, #221 IREH, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Sean R Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, University of Iowa Research Park, #221 IREH, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
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20
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Motati DR, Uredi D, Burra AG, Bowen JP, Fronczek FR, Smith CR, Watkins EB. Differential formation of nitrogen-centered radicals leading to unprecedented, regioselective bromination of N,N′-(1,2-phenylene)bisamides and 2-amidophenols. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo01508f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A highly efficient, site-selective, visible light-accelerated, remote C–H halogenation of unsymmetrical aromatic bisamides/amidoesters has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damoder Reddy Motati
- Center for Pharmacometrics and Molecular Discovery
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- College of Pharmacy
- Union University
- Jackson
| | - Dilipkumar Uredi
- Center for Pharmacometrics and Molecular Discovery
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- College of Pharmacy
- Union University
- Jackson
| | - Amarender Goud Burra
- Center for Pharmacometrics and Molecular Discovery
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- College of Pharmacy
- Union University
- Jackson
| | - J. Phillip Bowen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- College of Pharmacy
- Mercer University
- Atlanta
- USA
| | | | - Clint R. Smith
- Center for Pharmacometrics and Molecular Discovery
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- College of Pharmacy
- Union University
- Jackson
| | - E. Blake Watkins
- Center for Pharmacometrics and Molecular Discovery
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- College of Pharmacy
- Union University
- Jackson
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21
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22
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Wang M, Tang BC, Xiang JC, Chen XL, Ma JT, Wu YD, Wu AX. Aryldiazonium Salts Serve as a Dual Synthon: Construction of Fully Substituted Pyrazoles via Rongalite-Mediated Three-Component Radical Annulation Reaction. Org Lett 2019; 21:8934-8937. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471022, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Hubei Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Bo-Cheng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Hubei Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Chen Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Hubei Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Long Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Hubei Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Tian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Hubei Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Dong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Hubei Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - An-Xin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Hubei Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
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23
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushobhan Mukhopadhyay
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division; CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute; Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension; Sitapur Road Lucknow 226031 Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Sanjay Batra
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division; CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute; Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension; Sitapur Road Lucknow 226031 Uttar Pradesh India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; CSIR - Human Resource Development Centre, (CSIR-HRDC) Campus, Sector 19; Kamla Nehru Nagar Ghaziabad 201002 Uttar Pradesh India
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24
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Chia PW, Yong FSJ, Mohamad H, Kan S. Cyanation of Anilines to Aryl Nitriles Using
tert
‐Butyl Isocyanide: A Simple and Copper‐free Procedure. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Poh Wai Chia
- Faculty of Science and Marine EnvironmentUniversiti Malaysia Terengganu Malaysia
- Institute of Marine BiotechnologyUniversiti Malaysia Terengganu Terengganu Malaysia
| | - Fu Siong Julius Yong
- Institute of Marine BiotechnologyUniversiti Malaysia Terengganu Terengganu Malaysia
| | - Habsah Mohamad
- Institute of Marine BiotechnologyUniversiti Malaysia Terengganu Terengganu Malaysia
| | - Su‐Yin Kan
- Faculty of Health SciencesUniversiti Sultan Zainal Abidin Kuala Nerus Malaysia
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25
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Kommagalla Y, Chatani N. Cobalt-Catalyzed C–H Iodination of Aromatic Amides with Molecular Iodine through the Use of a 2-Aminophenyloxazoline-Based Bidentate-Chelation System. Org Lett 2019; 21:5971-5976. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yadagiri Kommagalla
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Naoto Chatani
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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26
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Das P, Begam HM, Bhunia SK, Jana R. Photoredox‐Catalyzed Tandem Demethylation of
N
,
N
‐Dimethyl Anilines Followed by Amidation with α‐Keto or Alkynyl Carboxylic Acids. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pritha Das
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur Kolkata- 700032, West Bengal India
| | - Hasina Mamataj Begam
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur Kolkata- 700032, West Bengal India
| | - Samir Kumar Bhunia
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur Kolkata- 700032, West Bengal India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Kolkata- 700032 India
| | - Ranjan Jana
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur Kolkata- 700032, West Bengal India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Kolkata- 700032 India
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27
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Kamble SS, Shankarling GS. Room temperature diazotization and coupling reaction using a DES-ethanol system: a green approach towards the synthesis of monoazo pigments. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:5970-5973. [PMID: 31062004 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc01114e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An environmentally benign, one-pot diazotization and coupling reaction using ChCl:tartaric acid DES at room temperature is described. The bulky tartrate ion renders stability to the diazonium salt at room temperature, also evidenced by 1H NMR. The isolated diazonium salt is stable and active even after 192 h at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujit Suresh Kamble
- Dyestuff Technology Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, N. P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai-400019, India.
| | - Ganapati Subray Shankarling
- Dyestuff Technology Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, N. P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai-400019, India.
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28
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Liu Q, Sun B, Liu Z, Kao Y, Dong BW, Jiang SD, Li F, Liu G, Yang Y, Mo F. A general electrochemical strategy for the Sandmeyer reaction. Chem Sci 2018; 9:8731-8737. [PMID: 30627393 PMCID: PMC6289102 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc03346c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein we report a general electrochemical strategy for the Sandmeyer reaction.
Herein we report a general electrochemical strategy for the Sandmeyer reaction. Using electricity as the driving force, this protocol employs a simple and inexpensive halogen source, such as NBS, CBrCl3, CH2I2, CCl4, LiCl and NaBr for the halogenation of aryl diazonium salts. In addition, we found that these electrochemical reactions could be performed using anilines as the starting material in a one-pot fashion. Furthermore, the practicality of this process was demonstrated in the multigram scale synthesis of aryl halides using highly inexpensive graphite as the electrode. A series of detailed mechanism studies have been performed, including radical clock and radical scavenger study, cyclic voltammetry analysis and in situ electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyi Liu
- Department of Energy and Resources Engineering , College of Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China .
| | - Beiqi Sun
- Department of Energy and Resources Engineering , College of Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China .
| | - Zheng Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Yi Kao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Bo-Wei Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Shang-Da Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Guoquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Berkeley , CA 94720 , USA
| | - Fanyang Mo
- Department of Energy and Resources Engineering , College of Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China .
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29
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Mukhopadhyay S, Batra S. Direct Transformation of Arylamines to Aryl Halides via Sodium Nitrite and N
-Halosuccinimide. Chemistry 2018; 24:14622-14626. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sushobhan Mukhopadhyay
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division; CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension; Sitapur Road Lucknow 226031 India
| | - Sanjay Batra
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division; CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension; Sitapur Road Lucknow 226031 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New; Delhi 110025 India
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30
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Dong CP, Nakamura K, Taniguchi T, Mita S, Kodama S, Kawaguchi SI, Nomoto A, Ogawa A, Mizuno T. Synthesis of Aryl Iodides from Arylhydrazines and Iodine. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:9814-9821. [PMID: 31459110 PMCID: PMC6645010 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A metal- and base-free method is developed for the synthesis of aryl iodides from arylhydrazine hydrochlorides and iodine. A wide variety of aryl iodides can be conveniently synthesized by an equimolar reaction of arylhydrazine hydrochlorides and I2 in dimethyl sulfoxide at 60 °C for 6 h. In the iodination step, arylhydrazines are oxidized by iodine to form arenediazonium salts, which undergo single-electron transfer from iodide anion to give aryl and iodine radicals; subsequent combination of them affords the corresponding aryl iodides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-ping Dong
- Department of Applied
Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Kentaro Nakamura
- Department of Applied
Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | | | - Soichiro Mita
- Department of Applied
Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Shintaro Kodama
- Department of Applied
Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Kawaguchi
- Center for Education
and Research in Agricultural Innovation, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, 152-1 Shonan-cho, Karatsu, Saga 847-0021, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department of Applied
Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akiya Ogawa
- Department of Applied
Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Takumi Mizuno
- Morinomiya Center, Osaka Research Institute
of Industrial Science and Technology, 1-6-50 Morinomiya, Joto-ku, Osaka 536-8553, Japan
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31
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Le C, Chen TQ, Liang T, Zhang P, MacMillan DWC. A radical approach to the copper oxidative addition problem: Trifluoromethylation of bromoarenes. Science 2018; 360:1010-1014. [PMID: 29853683 DOI: 10.1126/science.aat4133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal-catalyzed arene functionalization has been widely used for molecular synthesis over the past century. In this arena, copper catalysis has long been considered a privileged platform due to the propensity of high-valent copper to undergo reductive elimination with a wide variety of coupling fragments. However, the sluggish nature of oxidative addition has limited copper's capacity to broadly facilitate haloarene coupling protocols. Here, we demonstrate that this copper oxidative addition problem can be overcome with an aryl radical-capture mechanism, wherein the aryl radical is generated through a silyl radical halogen abstraction. This strategy was applied to a general trifluoromethylation of aryl bromides through dual copper-photoredox catalysis. Mechanistic studies support the formation of an open-shell aryl species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chip Le
- Merck Center for Catalysis at Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Tiffany Q Chen
- Merck Center for Catalysis at Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Tao Liang
- Merck Center for Catalysis at Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Patricia Zhang
- Merck Center for Catalysis at Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - David W C MacMillan
- Merck Center for Catalysis at Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
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32
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Qiao L, Cao X, Chai K, Shen J, Xu J, Zhang P. Remote radical halogenation of aminoquinolines with aqueous hydrogen halide (HX) and oxone. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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