1
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Zhang QB, Li F, Pan B, Yu L, Yue XG. Visible-Light-Mediated [2+2] Photocycloadditions of Alkynes. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401501. [PMID: 38806409 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Visible-light-mediated [2+2] photocycloaddition reaction can be considered an ideal solution due to its green and sustainable properties, and is one of the most efficient methods to synthesize four-membered ring motifs. Although research on the [2+2] photocycloaddition of alkynes is challenging because of the diminished reactivity of alkynes, and the more significant ring strain of the products, remarkable achievements have been made in this field. In this article, we highlight the recent advances in visible-light-mediated [2+2] photocycloaddition reactions of alkynes, with focus on the reaction mechanism and the late-stage synthetic applications. Advances in obtaining cyclobutenes, azetines, and oxetene active intermediates continue to be breakthroughs in this fascinating field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Bao Zhang
- Shandong Peninsula Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Brine Utilization, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, CN, 262700, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Li
- Shandong Peninsula Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Brine Utilization, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, CN, 262700, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Pan
- Shandong Peninsula Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Brine Utilization, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, CN, 262700, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yu
- Shandong Peninsula Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Brine Utilization, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, CN, 262700, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Guo Yue
- Shandong Peninsula Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Brine Utilization, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, CN, 262700, People's Republic of China
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2
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He Y, He TJ, Cheng X, Wei Y, Wang H, Lin YW. Phosphine-catalyzed dearomative [3+2] cycloaddition of 4-nitroisoxazoles with allenoates or Morita-Baylis-Hillman carbonates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:6961-6964. [PMID: 38887994 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02231a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
An efficient phosphine-catalyzed dearomative [3+2] annulation of 4-nitroisoxazoles with allenoates or Morita-Baylis-Hillman carbonates has been established for the convenient synthesis of bicyclic isoxazoline derivatives. This reaction approach showed a broad substrate scope, high functional group compatibility, and excellent regioselectivity and diastereoselectivity. Furthermore, the success at the gram-scale and synthetic applications of the obtained compound 3a demonstrate the great potential of this methodology for practical applications in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, P. R. China.
| | - Tian-Juan He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, P. R. China.
| | - Xiufang Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, P. R. China.
| | - Yibo Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, P. R. China.
| | - Huamin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, P. R. China.
| | - Ying-Wu Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, P. R. China.
- Laboratory of Protein Structure and Function, University of South China Medical School, Hengyang, P. R. China
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3
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Su C, Dallaston MA, Watson RD, Fahrenhorst-Jones T, Cameron JP, Pierens GK, Bernhardt PV, Savage GP, Williams CM. The (±)-5-Aza[1.0]triblattane Skeleton via Azetine Cycloaddition. Org Lett 2024; 26:2827-2831. [PMID: 38253345 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The first synthesis of the 5-aza[1.0]triblattane skeleton was achieved through a [4 + 2] cycloaddition approach using a suitably protected azetine and cyclopentadiene. A series of azetines were synthesized to explore both stability and suitable N-protection. The key step following cycloaddition utilized a noninitiated protonated aminyl radical cyclization to install the final 5-azatriblattane bond, but it was found to be considerably more unstable than the 6-aza isomer under acidic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuyi Su
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072 Queensland Australia
| | - Madeleine A Dallaston
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072 Queensland Australia
| | - Renée D Watson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072 Queensland Australia
| | - Tyler Fahrenhorst-Jones
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072 Queensland Australia
| | - Jacob P Cameron
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072 Queensland Australia
| | - Gregory K Pierens
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072 Queensland Australia
| | - Paul V Bernhardt
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072 Queensland Australia
| | - G Paul Savage
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Ian Wark Laboratory, Melbourne, 3168 Victoria, Australia
| | - Craig M Williams
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072 Queensland Australia
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4
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Gatazka MR, McFee EC, Ng CH, Wearing ER, Schindler CS. New strategies for the synthesis of 1- and 2-azetines and their applications as value-added building blocks. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:9052-9068. [PMID: 36354381 PMCID: PMC10321053 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01812h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Four-membered nitrogen-containing heterocycles are highly desirable functional groups with synthetic and biological applications. Unsaturated four-membered N-heterocycles, 1- and 2-azetines, are historically underexplored, but have recently been gaining interest due to the development of new synthetic methods to access these compounds, and to their potential as reactive intermediates. This review covers both the synthesis and applications of azetines, with a focus on synthetic methods to access azetines developed since 2018, and a comprehensive review of the reactivity and applications of azetines as starting materials or intermediates to access both other heterocycles and complex products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Gatazka
- Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Elvis C McFee
- Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Cody H Ng
- Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Emily R Wearing
- Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Corinna S Schindler
- Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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5
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Trammel GL, Kannangara PB, Vasko D, Datsenko O, Mykhailiuk P, Brown MK. Arylboration of Enecarbamates for the Synthesis of Borylated Saturated N-Heterocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202212117. [PMID: 36250954 PMCID: PMC9643676 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Two catalytic systems have been developed for the arylboration of endocyclic enecarbamates to deliver synthetically versatile borylated saturated N-heterocycles in good regio- and diastereoselectivities. A Cu/Pd dual catalytic reaction enables the synthesis of borylated, α-arylated azetidines, while a Ni-catalysed arylboration reaction efficiently functionalizes 5-, 6-, and 7-membered enecarbamates. In the case of the Cu/Pd-system, a remarkable additive effect was identified that allowed for broader scope. The products are synthetically useful, as demonstrated by manipulations of the boronic ester to access biologically active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace L. Trammel
- Department of ChemistryIndiana University800 E. Kirkwood Ave.BloomingtonIN, 47401USA
| | | | | | | | - Pavel Mykhailiuk
- Enamine Ltd.Chervonotkatska 6002094KyivUkraine,Taras Shevchenko National University of KyivChemistry DepartmentVolodymyrska 6401601KyivUkraine
| | - M. Kevin Brown
- Department of ChemistryIndiana University800 E. Kirkwood Ave.BloomingtonIN, 47401USA
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6
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Trammel GL, Kannangara PB, Vasko D, Datsenko O, Mykhailiuk P, Brown MK. Arylboration of Enecarbamates for the Synthesis of Borylated Saturated N‐Heterocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202212117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grace L. Trammel
- Department of Chemistry Indiana University 800 E. Kirkwood Ave. Bloomington IN, 47401 USA
| | | | - Dmytro Vasko
- Enamine Ltd. Chervonotkatska 60 02094 Kyiv Ukraine
| | | | - Pavel Mykhailiuk
- Enamine Ltd. Chervonotkatska 60 02094 Kyiv Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Chemistry Department Volodymyrska 64 01601 Kyiv Ukraine
| | - M. Kevin Brown
- Department of Chemistry Indiana University 800 E. Kirkwood Ave. Bloomington IN, 47401 USA
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7
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Shukla P, Deswal D, Narula AK. Monomeric silica supported interaction of
TOSMIC
with highly functionalized imines: A green approach to azetidines via
ABB
‐type cycloaddition reaction. J Heterocycl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Shukla
- University School of Basic and Applied Sciences Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University New Delhi India
| | - Deepa Deswal
- Centre of Excellence in Pharmaceutical Sciences (CEPS) Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University Delhi India
| | - Anudeep Kumar Narula
- University School of Basic and Applied Sciences Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University New Delhi India
- Centre of Excellence in Pharmaceutical Sciences (CEPS) Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University Delhi India
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8
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Trauner F, Reiners F, Apaloo-Messan KE, Nißl B, Shahbaz M, Jiang D, Aicher J, Didier D. Strain-release arylations for the bis-functionalization of azetidines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:2564-2567. [PMID: 35107096 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc07053c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The addition of nucleophilic organometallic species onto in situ generated azabicyclobutanes enables the selective formation of 3-arylated azetidine intermediates through strain-release. Single pot strategies were further developed for the N-arylation of resulting azetidines, employing either SNAr reactions or Buchwald-Hartwig couplings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Trauner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Felix Reiners
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | | | - Benedikt Nißl
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Muhammad Shahbaz
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Dongfang Jiang
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Julian Aicher
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Dorian Didier
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany.
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9
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Sun S, Zhang M, Xu J. Direct synthesis of highly strained bifunctionalized 2 H-thiete 1,1-dioxides. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00556e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Various bifunctionalized dialkyl 2H-thiete-2,3-dicarboxylate 1,1-dioxides are directly and convergently synthesized from readily available sulfonyl chlorides and dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates via the pyridine-mediated [2 + 2] annulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
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10
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Ma L, Jin F, Cheng X, Tao S, Jiang G, Li X, Yang J, Bao X, Wan X. [2 + 2 + 1] Cycloaddition of N-tosylhydrazones, tert-butyl nitrite and alkenes: a general and practical access to isoxazolines. Chem Sci 2021; 12:9823-9830. [PMID: 34349956 PMCID: PMC8293996 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02352g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
N-Tosylhydrazones have proven to be versatile synthons over the past several decades. However, to our knowledge, the construction of isoxazolines based on N-tosylhydrazones has not been examined. Herein, we report the first demonstrations of [2 + 2 + 1] cycloaddition reactions that allow the facile synthesis of isoxazolines, employing N-tosylhydrazones, tert-butyl nitrite (TBN) and alkenes as reactants. This process represents a new type of cycloaddition reaction with a distinct mechanism that does not involve the participation of nitrile oxides. This approach is both general and practical and exhibits a wide substrate scope, nearly universal functional group compatibility, tolerance of moisture and air, the potential for functionalization of complex bioactive molecules and is readily scaled up. Both control experiments and theoretical calculations indicate that this transformation proceeds via the in situ generation of a nitronate from the coupling of N-tosylhydrazone and TBN, followed by cycloaddition with an alkene and subsequent elimination of a tert-butyloxy group to give the desired isoxazoline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Feng Jin
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Xionglve Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Suyan Tao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Gangzhong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Xingxing Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Jinwei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Xiaoguang Bao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Xiaobing Wan
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
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11
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Zhang S, Tang A, Xie R, Zhao Z, Yao J, Miao M. Gold Catalysis Enabling Furan-Fused Cyclobutenes as a Platform toward Cross Cycloadditions. Org Lett 2021; 23:3701-3705. [PMID: 33904750 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The inherently strained furan-fused cyclobutenes, in situ generated via cycloisomerizations of allenyl ketones bearing cyclopropyl moiety under gold catalysis, have been utilized as reactive building blocks toward cross cycloadditions. The [4 + 2] and [3 + 2] annulations of these species with benzo[c]isoxazoles and N-iminoquinazolinium ylides furnish various three-dimensional cyclobutane-bridged polyheterocycles in good yields. A wide range of typically electron-deficient 1,3-dienes, heterodienes, and 1,3-dipoles can trap furan-fused cyclobutenes to afford several polycyclic architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouzhi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P. R. China
| | - Aijie Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P. R. China
| | - Ruyu Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P. R. China
| | - Jinzhong Yao
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, People's Republic of China
| | - Maozhong Miao
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P. R. China
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12
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Didier D, Reiners F. Uncommon Four-Membered Building Blocks - Cyclobutenes, Azetines and Thietes. CHEM REC 2021; 21:1144-1160. [PMID: 33734571 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Strained ring systems have gained considerable importance over the last few years for their implication in natural product syntheses or in drug discovery programs. We present herein a recollection of our work on the construction and functionalization of unsaturated four-membered carbo- and heterocycles in the context of the literature, as well as their applications in further reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorian Didier
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Felix Reiners
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
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13
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Liu T, Fang Y, Zuo L, Yang Y, Liu Y, Chen W, Dang L, Guo W. Pd/LA-catalyzed decarboxylation enabled exclusive [5 + 2] annulation toward N-aryl azepanes and DFT insights. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00070e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A practical approach towards the synthesis of non-fused N-aryl azepane derivatives with diversity is described. DFT calculations revealed the origins of this unusual exclusive [5 + 2] rather than empirical [3 + 2] annulation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Liu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST)
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710045
- China
| | - Yuqi Fang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province
- Shantou University
- Guangdong 515063
- China
| | - Linhong Zuo
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST)
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710045
- China
| | - Yulian Yang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST)
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710045
- China
| | - Yin Liu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST)
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710045
- China
| | - Weipeng Chen
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST)
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710045
- China
| | - Li Dang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province
- Shantou University
- Guangdong 515063
- China
| | - Wusheng Guo
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST)
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710045
- China
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14
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Zhang XW, He XL, Yan N, Zheng HX, Hu XG. Oxidize Amines to Nitrile Oxides: One Type of Amine Oxidation and Its Application to Directly Construct Isoxazoles and Isoxazolines. J Org Chem 2020; 85:15726-15735. [PMID: 33174420 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A facile oxidative heterocyclization of commercially available amines and tert-butyl nitrite with alkynes or alkenes leading to isoxazoles or isoxazolines is described. The unprecedented strategy of the oxidation of an amine directly to a nitrile oxide was used in this cyclization process. This reaction is highly efficient, regiospecific, operationally simple, mild, and tolerant of a variety of functional groups. Control experiments support a nitrile oxide intermediate mechanism for this novel class of oxidative cyclization reactions. Moreover, synthetic applications toward bioactive molecular skeletons and the late-stage modification of drugs were realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wei Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, No. 1, Hunan Street, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China
| | - Xiao-Lin He
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, No. 1, Hunan Street, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China
| | - Nan Yan
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, No. 1, Hunan Street, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China
| | - Hong-Xing Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, No. 1, Hunan Street, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China
| | - Xiang-Guo Hu
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, No. 1, Hunan Street, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China
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15
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Reiners F, Joseph E, Nißl B, Didier D. Stereoselective Access to Azetidine-Based α-Amino Acids and Applications to Small Peptide Synthesis. Org Lett 2020; 22:8533-8537. [PMID: 33052683 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Non-natural azetidine-based amino acids (Aze) present interesting features in protein engineering. A simple organometallic route toward unsaturated carboxylic acid precursors is presented. Subsequent metal-catalyzed asymmetric reduction allowed for the synthesis of a new library of 2-azetidinylcarboxylic acids, which were finally employed in the formation of small peptide chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Reiners
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Emanuel Joseph
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Benedikt Nißl
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Dorian Didier
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
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16
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Zeng L, Lin Y, Li J, Sajiki H, Xie H, Cui S. Skeletal reorganization divergence of N-sulfonyl ynamides. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5639. [PMID: 33159079 PMCID: PMC7648764 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19467-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal reorganization is a type of intriguing processes because of their interesting mechanism, high atom-economy and synthetic versatility. Herein, we describe an unusual, divergent skeletal reorganization of N-sulfonyl ynamides. Upon treatment with lithium diisopropylamine (LDA), N-sulfonyl ynamides undergo a skeletal reorganization to deliver thiete sulfones, while the additional use of 1,3-dimethyl-tetrahydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one (DMPU) shifts the process to furnish propargyl sulfonamides. This skeletal reorganization divergence features broad substrate scope and scalability. Mechanistically, experimental and computational studies reveal that these processes may initiate from a lithiation/4-exo-dig cyclization cascade, and the following ligand-dependent 1,3-sulfonyl migration or β-elimination would control the chemodivergence. This protocol additionally provides a facile access to a variety of privileged molecules from easily accessible ynamides. Skeletal reorganizations are intriguing processes in chemical synthesis due to their mechanism, atom-economy and synthetic versatility. Herein, the authors describe a divergent skeletal reorganization of N-sulfonyl ynamides to thiete sulfones and propargyl sulfonamides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linwei Zeng
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuxin Lin
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaming Li
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hironao Sajiki
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Hujun Xie
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, 310018, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sunliang Cui
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, 310058, Hangzhou, China.
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17
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Abstract
An important strategy for the efficient generation of diversity in molecular structures is the utilization of common starting materials in chemodivergent transformations. The most studied solutions for switching the chemoselectivity rely on the catalyst, ligand, additive, solvent, temperature, time, pressure, pH and even small modifications in the substrate. In this review article several processes have been selected such as inter- and intramolecular cyclizations, including carba-, oxa-, thia- and oxazacyclizations promoted mainly by Brønsted or Lewis acids, transition metals and organocatalysts, as well as radical reactions. Catalyst-controlled intra- and intermolecular cyclizations are mainly described to give five- and six-membered rings. Cycloaddition reactions involving (2+2), (3+2), (3+3), (4+1), (4+2), (5+2), (6+2) and (7+2) processes are useful reactions for the synthesis of cyclic systems using organocatalysts, metal catalysts and Lewis acid-controlled processes. Addition reactions mainly of carba- and heteronucleophiles to unsaturated conjugated substrates can give different adducts via metal catalyst-, Lewis acid- and solvent-dependent processes. Carbonylation reactions of amines and phenols are carried out via ligand-controlled transition metal-catalyzed multicomponent processes. Ring-opening reactions starting mainly from cyclopropanols, cyclopropenols and epoxides or aziridines are applied to the synthesis of acyclic versus cyclic products under catalyst-control mainly by Lewis acids. Chemodivergent reduction reactions are performed using dissolving metals, sodium borohydride or hydrogen transfer conditions under solvent control. Oxidation reactions include molecular oxygen under solvent control or using different dioxiranes, as well as chemodivergent palladium catalyzed cross-coupling reactions using boronic acids are applied to aromatic and allenic compounds. Other chemodivergent reactions such as alkylations and allylations under transition metal catalysis, dimerization of acetylenes, bromination of benzylic substrates, and A3-couplings are performed via catalyst- or reaction condition-dependent processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina P Beletskaya
- Chemistry Department, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow University, Leminskie Gory 1, 119992 Moscow, Russia
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18
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Xu C, Cheng R, Luo Y, Wang M, Zhang X. trans
‐Selective Aryldifluoroalkylation of Endocyclic Enecarbamates and Enamides by Nickel Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Ran Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yun‐Cheng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Ming‐Kuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Xingang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
- College of Chemistry Henan Institute of Advanced Technology Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 China
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19
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Xu C, Cheng R, Luo YC, Wang MK, Zhang X. trans-Selective Aryldifluoroalkylation of Endocyclic Enecarbamates and Enamides by Nickel Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:18741-18747. [PMID: 32643261 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Efficient methods for the dicarbofuntionalization of the cyclic alkenes 2-pyrroline and 2-azetine are limited. Particularly, the dicarbofunctionalization of endocyclic enecarbamates to achieve fluorinated compounds remains an unsolved issue. Reported here is a nickel-catalyzed trans-selective dicarbofunctionalization of N-Boc-2-pyrroline and N-Boc-2-azetine, a class of endocyclic enecarbamates previously unexplored for transition metal catalyzed dicarbofunctionalization. The reaction can be extended to six- and seven-membered endocyclic enamides. A variety of arylzinc reagents and bromodifluoroacetate, and its derivatives, undergo the reaction, providing straightforward and efficient access to an array of pyrrolidine- and azetidine-containing fluorinated amino acids and oligopeptides, which may have applications in the life sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ran Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yun-Cheng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ming-Kuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xingang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China.,College of Chemistry, Henan Institute of Advanced Technology Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
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20
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Baumann AN, Reiners F, Siegle AF, Mayer P, Trapp O, Didier D. Thiete Dioxides as Templates Towards Twisted Scaffolds and Macrocyclic Structures. Chemistry 2020; 26:6029-6035. [PMID: 32119146 PMCID: PMC7318563 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Thiete dioxide units have been employed as a template for further functionalization through C-H activation strategies. Using simple thiete dioxide building blocks, a new library of axially chiral molecules has been synthesized that owe their stability to electrostatic interactions in the solid state. Similar starting materials were further engaged in the formation of cyclic trimeric structures, opening the pathway to unprecedented macrocyclic ring systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas N. Baumann
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians UniversityButenandtstraße 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Felix Reiners
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians UniversityButenandtstraße 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Alexander F. Siegle
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians UniversityButenandtstraße 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Peter Mayer
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians UniversityButenandtstraße 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Oliver Trapp
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians UniversityButenandtstraße 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Dorian Didier
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians UniversityButenandtstraße 5–1381377MunichGermany
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21
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Pan Z, Mao K, Zhu G, Wang C, Zhang J, Rong L. Copper-Catalyzed Annulation Reaction of Alkenes and N-Alkyl(aryl)-1-(methylthio)-2-nitroethenamine: an Approach for the Synthesis of Isoxazole Derivatives. J Org Chem 2020; 85:3364-3373. [PMID: 32037815 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed annulation reaction to access a variety of isoxazoles from alkenes and oxazete in situ generated from N-alkyl(aryl)-1-(methylthio)-2-nitroethenamine was reported. A plausible mechanism underlying the formation of the product was proposed, which represented a new approach for the construction of isoxazolines. This reaction was capable of tolerating alkenes bearing various substituents, which showed a relatively broad substrate scope with good functional group compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengbing Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Kaimin Mao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Guangzhou Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Chang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jinpeng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu, PR China.,Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221006 Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Liangce Rong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu, PR China
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22
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N,N′-Disulfonylhydrazines: New sulfonylating reagents for highly efficient synthesis of (E)-vinyl sulfones at room temperature. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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23
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Soni JP, Chemitikanti KS, Joshi SV, Shankaraiah N. The microwave-assisted syntheses and applications of non-fused single-nitrogen-containing heterocycles. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:9737-9761. [PMID: 33211792 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01779e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Microwave technology has emerged as a great tool for the efficient synthesis of organic compounds and it provides opportunities for chemists to achieve chemical transformations that tend to be challenging using classical approaches. Additionally, N-heterocycles are well-known for their medicinal/biological significance, along with their applications as excellent building blocks in chemical synthesis. The dominance of N-heterocycles in drug molecules and other pharmacological agents makes them attractive scaffolds, which encourages chemists to develop a wide range of strategies towards the greener synthesis and functionalization of these heterocycles. In this regard, we have collated and discussed literature relating to the microwave-assisted synthesis and the modification of non-(benzo)fused single-nitrogen-containing N-heterocycles from the past decade. The role of the microwave technique and its benefits over the conventional approach have also been emphasized in terms of overall reaction efficiency, reaction time, yield, reduced side-product generation, neat and clean reactions, chemo-/regio-/enantio-selectivity, and the use of mild reagents/reaction conditions to achieve the objectives of green and sustainable chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Prakash Soni
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad - 500037, India.
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24
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Liu H, Yan Y, Zhang J, Liu M, Cheng S, Wang Z, Zhang X. Enantioselective dearomative [3+2] annulation of 5-amino-isoxazoles with quinone monoimines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:13591-13594. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05807f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Enantioselective dearomative [3+2] annulation of 5-amino-isoxazoles with quinone monoimines provided various (bridged) isoxazolines fused dihydrobenzofurans with moderate to good yields in moderate to good enantioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- Xihua University
- China
- Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
| | - Yingkun Yan
- Department of Chemistry
- Xihua University
- China
- Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
| | - Jiayan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Xihua University
- China
- Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- Xihua University
- China
- Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
| | - Shaobing Cheng
- Department of Chemistry
- Xihua University
- China
- Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
| | - Zhouyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Xihua University
- China
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Xihua University
- China
- Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
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25
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Ou Z, Huang Q, Kou Y, Cheng F, Kalita SJ, Zhao Z, Huang Y. 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloadditions of β‐Fluoroalkyl Vinylsulfones and Nitrile Oxides for Fluoroalkylated Isoxazolines and Isoxazoles. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201900578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Ou
- Department of Chemistry School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life ScienceWuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China
| | - Qian Huang
- Department of Chemistry School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life ScienceWuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China
| | - Ying‐Da Kou
- Department of Chemistry School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life ScienceWuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China
| | - Feng Cheng
- Department of Chemistry School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life ScienceWuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China
| | - Subarna Jyoti Kalita
- Department of Chemistry School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life ScienceWuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China
| | - Zhen‐Ni Zhao
- Department of Chemistry School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life ScienceWuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China
| | - Yi‐Yong Huang
- Department of Chemistry School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life ScienceWuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China
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26
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Reidl TW, Anderson LL. Divergent Functionalizations of Azetidines and Unsaturated Azetidines. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201900229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler W. Reidl
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Illinois at Chicago 845 W. Taylor St. Chicago, IL USA
| | - Laura L. Anderson
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Illinois at Chicago 845 W. Taylor St. Chicago, IL USA
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