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Zhang Y, Cao Y, Jiang W, Ma Q, Shin J, Sun H, Cui J, Chen Y, Giraldo JP, Strano MS, Lowry GV, Sheen J, Marelli B. Polymeric Nanocarriers Autonomously Cross the Plant Cell Wall and Enable Protein Delivery for Stress Sensing. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2409356. [PMID: 39149770 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202409356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Delivery of proteins in plant cells can facilitate the design of desired functions by modulation of biological processes and plant traits but is currently limited by narrow host range, tissue damage, and poor scalability. Physical barriers in plants, including cell walls and membranes, limit protein delivery to desired plant tissues. Herein, a cationic high aspect ratio polymeric nanocarriers (PNCs) platform is developed to enable efficient protein delivery to plants. The cationic nature of PNCs binds proteins through electrostatic. The ability to precisely design PNCs' size and aspect ratio allowed us to find a cutoff of ≈14 nm in the cell wall, below which cationic PNCs can autonomously overcome the barrier and carry their cargo into plant cells. To exploit these findings, a reduction-oxidation sensitive green fluorescent protein (roGFP) is deployed as a stress sensor protein cargo in a model plant Nicotiana benthamiana and common crop plants, including tomato and maize. In vivo imaging of PNC-roGFP enabled optical monitoring of plant response to wounding, biotic, and heat stressors. These results show that PNCs can be precisely designed below the size exclusion limit of cell walls to overcome current limitations in protein delivery to plants and facilitate species-independent plant engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Yunteng Cao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Wenzhi Jiang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Centre for Computational and Integrative Biology, Department of Genetics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Qingquan Ma
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Jinwoo Shin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Centre for Computational and Integrative Biology, Department of Genetics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Jianqiao Cui
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Juan Pablo Giraldo
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Michael S Strano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Gregory V Lowry
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Jen Sheen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Centre for Computational and Integrative Biology, Department of Genetics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Benedetto Marelli
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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2
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Kaur H, Kalia A, Manchanda P, Singh A. Nano-delivery platforms for bacterial gene transformation: suitability and challenges. Int Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s10123-024-00543-5. [PMID: 38902555 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00543-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Nano-scale particles (NPs) have gained increased interest as non-viral vectors for nucleic acid delivery due to their ability to penetrate through unabraded cell membranes. The previous studies performed have evaluated the nanomaterials for their microbial transformation proficiency but have not compared the relative efficacy. The present study aims to identify the most proficient nano-delivery vehicle among the chemically synthesized/functionalized non-metal oxide, metal/metal oxide, and carbon-based (carbon nanotube (CNT), graphene oxide (GO)) nanomaterial(s) (NMs) for the transformation of two gram-negative bacteria, i.e., Escherichia coli and Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The microscopy and spectroscopy studies helped to identify the interaction, adhesion patterns, transformation efficiencies, better delivery, and expression of the target gfp gene by use of NMs. Loading of pgfp on all NMs imparted protection to DNAse I attack except ZnO NPs with maximum by chitosan, layered double hydroxide (LDH), and GO NM-plasmid DNA conjugates. The CNTs and GO significantly enhanced the extra- and intra-cellular protein content, respectively, in both bacteria. However, GO and CNT significantly decreased the cell viability in a time-dependent manner while AuNPs exhibited negligible cell toxicity. Therefore, this study identified the comparative efficiency of metal/metal oxide, non-metal oxide, and carbon nanomaterials with AuNPs as the most biosafe while LDH and chitosan NPs being the most proficient alternative tools for the genetic transformation of gram-negative bacteria by simple incubation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harkamal Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
| | - Anu Kalia
- Electron Microscopy and Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India.
| | - Pooja Manchanda
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
| | - Alla Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Maize Research, PAU Campus, PAU, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
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3
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Ahkami AH, Qafoku O, Roose T, Mou Q, Lu Y, Cardon ZG, Wu Y, Chou C, Fisher JB, Varga T, Handakumbura P, Aufrecht JA, Bhattacharjee A, Moran JJ. Emerging sensing, imaging, and computational technologies to scale nano-to macroscale rhizosphere dynamics - Review and research perspectives. SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY 2024; 189:109253. [PMID: 39238778 PMCID: PMC11376622 DOI: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2023.109253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
The soil region influenced by plant roots, i.e., the rhizosphere, is one of the most complex biological habitats on Earth and significantly impacts global carbon flow and transformation. Understanding the structure and function of the rhizosphere is critically important for maintaining sustainable plant ecosystem services, designing engineered ecosystems for long-term soil carbon storage, and mitigating the effects of climate change. However, studying the biological and ecological processes and interactions in the rhizosphere requires advanced integrated technologies capable of decoding such a complex system at different scales. Here, we review how emerging approaches in sensing, imaging, and computational modeling can advance our understanding of the complex rhizosphere system. Particularly, we provide our perspectives and discuss future directions in developing in situ rhizosphere sensing technologies that could potentially correlate local-scale interactions to ecosystem scale impacts. We first review integrated multimodal imaging techniques for tracking inorganic elements and organic carbon flow at nano- to microscale in the rhizosphere, followed by a discussion on the use of synthetic soil and plant habitats that bridge laboratory-to-field studies on the rhizosphere processes. We then describe applications of genetically encoded biosensors in monitoring nutrient and chemical exchanges in the rhizosphere, and the novel nanotechnology-mediated delivery approaches for introducing biosensors into the root tissues. Next, we review the recent progress and express our vision on field-deployable sensing technologies such as planar optodes for quantifying the distribution of chemical and analyte gradients in the rhizosphere under field conditions. Moreover, we provide perspectives on the challenges of linking complex rhizosphere interactions to ecosystem sensing for detecting biological traits across scales, which arguably requires using the best-available model predictions including the model-experiment and image-based modeling approaches. Experimental platforms relevant to field conditions like SMART (Sensors at Mesoscales with Advanced Remote Telemetry) soils testbed, coupled with ecosystem sensing and predictive models, can be effective tools to explore coupled ecosystem behavior and responses to environmental perturbations. Finally, we envision that with the advent of novel high-resolution imaging capabilities at nano- to macroscale, and remote biosensing technologies, combined with advanced computational models, future studies will lead to detection and upscaling of rhizosphere processes toward ecosystem and global predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir H Ahkami
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA, 99454, USA
| | - Odeta Qafoku
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA, 99454, USA
| | - Tiina Roose
- Bioengineering Sciences Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton, England, SO17 1BJ
| | - Quanbing Mou
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24 Street, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24 Street, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Zoe G Cardon
- Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, USA
| | - Yuxin Wu
- Climate and Ecosystem Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720 USA
| | - Chunwei Chou
- Climate and Ecosystem Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720 USA
| | - Joshua B Fisher
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, 1 University Drive, Orange, CA, 92866, USA
| | - Tamas Varga
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA, 99454, USA
| | - Pubudu Handakumbura
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA, 99454, USA
| | - Jayde A Aufrecht
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA, 99454, USA
| | - Arunima Bhattacharjee
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA, 99454, USA
| | - James J Moran
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA, 99454, USA
- Michigan State University, Department of Integrative Biology and Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
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4
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Chaudhary M, Singh P, Singh GP, Rathi B. Structural Features of Carbon Dots and Their Agricultural Potential. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:4166-4185. [PMID: 38313515 PMCID: PMC10831853 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) have drawn attention due to their enticing physical, chemical, and surface properties. Besides, good conductivity, low toxicity, environmental friendliness, simple synthetic routes, and comparable optical properties are advantageous features of CDs. Further, recently, CDs have been explored for biological systems, including plants. Among biological systems, only plants form the basis for sustainability and life on Earth. In this Review, we reviewed suitable properties and applications of CDs, such as promoting the growth of agricultural plants, disease resistance, stress tolerance, and target transportation. Summing up the available studies, we believe that the applications of CDs are yet to be explored significantly for innovation and technology-based agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Chaudhary
- Department
of Chemistry, Hansraj College, University
of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Priyamvada Singh
- Department
of Chemistry, Miranda House, University
of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Gajendra Pratap Singh
- Disruptive
and Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology
(SMART), 138602 Singapore
| | - Brijesh Rathi
- Department
of Chemistry, Hansraj College, University
of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
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5
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Komarova T, Ilina I, Taliansky M, Ershova N. Nanoplatforms for the Delivery of Nucleic Acids into Plant Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16665. [PMID: 38068987 PMCID: PMC10706211 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanocarriers are widely used for efficient delivery of different cargo into mammalian cells; however, delivery into plant cells remains a challenging issue due to physical and mechanical barriers such as the cuticle and cell wall. Here, we discuss recent progress on biodegradable and biosafe nanomaterials that were demonstrated to be applicable to the delivery of nucleic acids into plant cells. This review covers studies the object of which is the plant cell and the cargo for the nanocarrier is either DNA or RNA. The following nanoplatforms that could be potentially used for nucleic acid foliar delivery via spraying are discussed: mesoporous silica nanoparticles, layered double hydroxides (nanoclay), carbon-based materials (carbon dots and single-walled nanotubes), chitosan and, finally, cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs). Hybrid nanomaterials, for example, chitosan- or CPP-functionalized carbon nanotubes, are taken into account. The selected nanocarriers are analyzed according to the following aspects: biosafety, adjustability for the particular cargo and task (e.g., organelle targeting), penetration efficiency and ability to protect nucleic acid from environmental and cellular factors (pH, UV, nucleases, etc.) and to mediate the gradual and timely release of cargo. In addition, we discuss the method of application, experimental system and approaches that are used to assess the efficiency of the tested formulation in the overviewed studies. This review presents recent progress in developing the most promising nanoparticle-based materials that are applicable to both laboratory experiments and field applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Komarova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (I.I.); (M.T.); (N.E.)
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119333 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina Ilina
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (I.I.); (M.T.); (N.E.)
| | - Michael Taliansky
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (I.I.); (M.T.); (N.E.)
| | - Natalia Ershova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (I.I.); (M.T.); (N.E.)
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119333 Moscow, Russia
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6
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Garg R, Prasad D. Carbon dots and their interactions with recognition molecules for enhanced nucleic acid detection. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 680:93-107. [PMID: 37738905 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Carbon Dots (C-dots) have exceptional fluorescence and incident wavelength alteration capabilities because of their π-π* electron transitions between the surface-trapped charges. They have clear, considerate and cost-effective applications in the domain of bio-sensing, optical imaging, medical diagnostics, fluorescence chemotherapy, forensics, and environmentology. Advances in the production process of C-dots can change their optical and chemical characteristics, allowing them to interact with a variety of chemicals and ions that can be exploited for the DNA detection in point-of-care devices. In the current scenario of pathogenic disease prevention, metagenomics and industrial processes, alternative genetic material identification is critical. This review focuses on the existing carbon dots-based DNA detection technologies and their interactions with other components such as metallic salts, dyes, and biological chemicals based on their surface charge distribution (positive or negative) employed in the DNA diagnostic devices and biosensors with their operating mechanism regarding their target component. These intriguing scientific discoveries and technologies will be extensively examined to translate them into real-world solutions which will have a significant societal and economic impact on overall well-being and innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishabh Garg
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India
| | - Dinesh Prasad
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India.
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7
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Yan T, Hou Q, Wei X, Qi Y, Pu A, Wu S, An X, Wan X. Promoting genotype-independent plant transformation by manipulating developmental regulatory genes and/or using nanoparticles. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2023; 42:1395-1417. [PMID: 37311877 PMCID: PMC10447291 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03037-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE This review summarizes the molecular basis and emerging applications of developmental regulatory genes and nanoparticles in plant transformation and discusses strategies to overcome the obstacles of genotype dependency in plant transformation. Plant transformation is an important tool for plant research and biotechnology-based crop breeding. However, Plant transformation and regeneration are highly dependent on species and genotype. Plant regeneration is a process of generating a complete individual plant from a single somatic cell, which involves somatic embryogenesis, root and shoot organogeneses. Over the past 40 years, significant advances have been made in understanding molecular mechanisms of embryogenesis and organogenesis, revealing many developmental regulatory genes critical for plant regeneration. Recent studies showed that manipulating some developmental regulatory genes promotes the genotype-independent transformation of several plant species. Besides, nanoparticles penetrate plant cell wall without external forces and protect cargoes from degradation, making them promising materials for exogenous biomolecule delivery. In addition, manipulation of developmental regulatory genes or application of nanoparticles could also bypass the tissue culture process, paving the way for efficient plant transformation. Applications of developmental regulatory genes and nanoparticles are emerging in the genetic transformation of different plant species. In this article, we review the molecular basis and applications of developmental regulatory genes and nanoparticles in plant transformation and discuss how to further promote genotype-independent plant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingwei Yan
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Quancan Hou
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xun Wei
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yuchen Qi
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Aqing Pu
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Suowei Wu
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100192, China
| | - Xueli An
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100192, China
| | - Xiangyuan Wan
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing, 100083, China.
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100192, China.
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8
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Zhang W, Chen J, Gu J, Bartoli M, Domena JB, Zhou Y, C L B Ferreira B, Kirbas Cilingir E, McGee CM, Sampson R, Arduino C, Tagliaferro A, Leblanc RM. Nano-carrier for gene delivery and bioimaging based on pentaetheylenehexamine modified carbon dots. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 639:180-192. [PMID: 36805743 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) have attracted much attention due to their excellent properties and applications, especially the use for gene delivery. Considering the risks and concerns involved in the use of viral vectors for gene delivery in vivo, non-viral vectors such as CDs have gradually become an ideal alternative due to their biocompatibility and low toxicity. Therefore, in this study, the potential to apply CDs as a non-viral vector for gene delivery was investigated. The CDs were prepared using citric acid and pentaethylenehexamine (PEHA) as precursors via a one-step microwave-mediated approach. The optical, structural, and morphological properties of PEHA-derived CDs (PCDs) were characterized by ultra-violet spectroscopy (UV-vis), photoluminescence (PL), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), zeta potential, circular dichroism spectrometry, atomic force (AFM) and transmission electron microscopies (TEM). The analysis demonstrated that the as-prepared PCDs were rich in amine groups and were positively charged. Subsequently, gel retardation assay showed that PCDs could non-covalently bind with DNA at a mass ratio of 2:1 (PCDs: DNA). Additionally, PCDs possessed a tremendously lower cytotoxicity compared with polyethylenimine (PEI), a popular precursor/dopant for many CDs preparations, and their plasmid composite showed a high transfection efficiency. Meanwhile, PCDs were also observed to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) by using a zebrafish model. In conclusion, these results significantly indicate that PCDs are a potential non-viral nucleic acid/gene vector to gene therapy. Also, PCDs can be utilized in drug delivery for treating brain diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Jiuyan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Jun Gu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Mattia Bartoli
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Italy
| | - Justin B Domena
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Yiqun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA; C-Dots, LLC, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | | | | | - Caitlin M McGee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | | | - Chiara Arduino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA; C-Dots, LLC, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | | | - Roger M Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
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9
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Zhou Y, Chen J, Kirbas Cilingir E, Zhang W, Gonzalez L, Perez S, Davila A, Brejcha N, Gu J, Shi W, Domena JB, Ferreira BCLB, Zhang F, Vallejo FA, Toledo D, Liyanage PY, Graham RM, Dallman J, Peng Z, Agatemor C, Catenazzi A, Leblanc RM. An insight into embryogenesis interruption by carbon nitride dots: can they be nucleobase analogs? NANOSCALE 2022; 14:17607-17624. [PMID: 36412202 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr04778k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The carbon nitride dot (CND) is an emerging carbon-based nanomaterial. It possesses rich surface functional moieties and a carbon nitride core. Spectroscopic data have demonstrated the analogy between CNDs and cytosine/uracil. Recently, it was found that CNDs could interrupt the normal embryogenesis of zebrafish. Modifying CNDs with various nucleobases, especially cytosine, further decreased embryo viability and increased deformities. Physicochemical property characterization demonstrated that adenine- and cytosine-incorporated CNDs are similar but different from guanine-, thymine- and uracil-incorporated CNDs in many properties, morphology, and structure. To investigate the embryogenesis interruption at the cellular level, bare and different nucleobase-incorporated CNDs were applied to normal and cancerous cell lines. A dose-dependent decline was observed in the viability of normal and cancerous cells incubated with cytosine-incorporated CNDs, which matched results from the zebrafish embryogenesis experiment. In addition, nucleobase-incorporated CNDs were observed to enter cell nuclei, demonstrating a possibility of CND-DNA interactions. CNDs modified by complementary nucleobases could bind each other via hydrogen bonds, which suggests nucleobase-incorporated CNDs can potentially bind the complementary nucleobases in a DNA double helix. Nonetheless, neither bare nor nucleobase-incorporated CNDs were observed to intervene in the amplification of the zebrafish polymerase-alpha 1 gene in quantitative polymerase chain reactions. Thus, in conclusion, the embryogenesis interruption by bare and nucleobase-incorporated CNDs might not be a consequence of CND-DNA interactions during DNA replication. Instead, CND-Ca2+ interactions offer a plausible mechanism that hindered cell proliferation and zebrafish embryogenesis originating from disturbed Ca2+ homeostasis by CNDs. Eventually, the hypothesis that raw or nucleobase-incorporated CNDs can be nucleobase analogs proved to be invalid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
- C-Dots, LLC, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
| | - Jiuyan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
| | | | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
| | | | - Samuel Perez
- Miami Dade College North Campus, Miami, FL 33167, USA
| | - Arjuna Davila
- Miami Dade College North Campus, Miami, FL 33167, USA
| | | | - Jun Gu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
| | - Wenquan Shi
- National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Justin B Domena
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
| | | | - Fuwu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
| | - Frederic A Vallejo
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Daniela Toledo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
| | | | - Regina M Graham
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Julia Dallman
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Zhili Peng
- National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Christian Agatemor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Alessandro Catenazzi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
| | - Roger M Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
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10
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Monroy-Borrego AG, Steinmetz NF. Three methods for inoculation of viral vectors into plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:963756. [PMID: 36110356 PMCID: PMC9468707 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.963756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Agriculture is facing new challenges, with global warming modifying the survival chances for crops, and new pests on the horizon. To keep up with these challenges, gene delivery provides tools to increase crop yields. On the other hand, gene delivery also opens the door for molecular farming of pharmaceuticals in plants. However, towards increased food production and scalable molecular farming, there remain technical difficulties and regulatory hurdles to overcome. The industry-standard is transformation of plants via Agrobacterium tumefaciens, but this method is limited to certain plants, requires set up of plant growth facilities and fermentation of bacteria, and introduces lipopolysaccharides contaminants into the system. Therefore, alternate methods are needed. Mechanical inoculation and spray methods have already been discussed in the literature - and here, we compare these methods with a newly introduced petiole injection technique. Because our interest lies in the development of plant viruses as immunotherapies targeting human health as well as gene delivery vectors for agriculture applications, we turned toward tobacco mosaic virus as a model system. We studied the effectiveness of three inoculation techniques: mechanical inoculation, Silwet-77 foliar spray and petiole injections. The foliar spray method was optimized, and we used 0.03% Silwet L-77 to induce infection using either TMV or a lysine-added mutant TMV-Lys. We developed a method using a needle-laden syringe to target and inject the plant virus directly into the vasculature of the plant - we tested injection into the stem and petiole. Stem inoculation resulted in toxicity, but the petiole injection technique was established as a viable strategy. TMV and TMV-Lys were purified from single plants and pooled leaf samples - overall there was little variation between the techniques, as measured by TMV or TMV-Lys yields, highlighting the feasibility of the syringe injection technique to produce virus nanoparticles. There was variation between yields from preparation to preparation with mechanical, spray and syringe inoculation yielding 40-141 mg, 36-56 mg, 18-56 mg TMV per 100 grams of leaves. Similar yields were obtained using TMV-Lys, with 24-38 mg, 17-28, 7-36 mg TMV-Lys per 100 grams of leaves for mechanical, spray and syringe inoculation, respectively. Each method has its advantages: spray inoculation is highly scalable and therefore may find application for farming, the syringe inoculation could provide a clean, aseptic, and controlled approach for molecular farming of pharmaceuticals under good manufacturing protocols (GMP) and would even be applicable for gene delivery to plants in space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea G. Monroy-Borrego
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Nicole F. Steinmetz
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Institute for Materials Discovery and Design, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
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11
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Miyamoto T, Tsuchiya K, Toyooka K, Goto Y, Tateishi A, Numata K. Relaxation of the Plant Cell Wall Barrier via Zwitterionic Liquid Pretreatment for Micelle-Complex-Mediated DNA Delivery to Specific Plant Organelles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204234. [PMID: 35670289 PMCID: PMC9401069 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Targeted delivery of genes to specific plant organelles is a key challenge for fundamental plant science, plant bioengineering, and agronomic applications. Nanoscale carriers have attracted interest as a promising tool for organelle‐targeted DNA delivery in plants. However, nanocarrier‐mediated DNA delivery in plants is severely hampered by the barrier of the plant cell wall, resulting in insufficient delivery efficiency. Herein, we propose a unique strategy that synergistically combines a cell wall‐loosening zwitterionic liquid (ZIL) with a peptide‐displaying micelle complex for organelle‐specific DNA delivery in plants. We demonstrated that ZIL pretreatment can enhance cell wall permeability without cytotoxicity, allowing micelle complexes to translocate across the cell wall and carry DNA cargo into specific plant organelles, such as nuclei and chloroplasts, with significantly augmented efficiency. Our work offers a novel concept to overcome the plant cell wall barrier for nanocarrier‐mediated cargo delivery to specific organelles in living plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Miyamoto
- Biomacromolecules Research TeamRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceSaitama351-0198Japan
| | - Kousuke Tsuchiya
- Department of Material ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-kuKyoto615-8510Japan
| | - Kiminori Toyooka
- Technology Platform DivisionMass Spectrometry and Microscopy UnitRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceYokohama230-0045Japan
| | - Yumi Goto
- Technology Platform DivisionMass Spectrometry and Microscopy UnitRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceYokohama230-0045Japan
| | - Ayaka Tateishi
- Department of Material ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-kuKyoto615-8510Japan
| | - Keiji Numata
- Biomacromolecules Research TeamRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceSaitama351-0198Japan
- Department of Material ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-kuKyoto615-8510Japan
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12
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Zhi H, Zhou S, Pan W, Shang Y, Zeng Z, Zhang H. The Promising Nanovectors for Gene Delivery in Plant Genome Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158501. [PMID: 35955636 PMCID: PMC9368765 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly efficient gene delivery systems are essential for genetic engineering in plants. Traditional delivery methods have been widely used, such as Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, polyethylene glycol (PEG)-mediated delivery, biolistic particle bombardment, and viral transfection. However, genotype dependence and other drawbacks of these techniques limit the application of genetic engineering, particularly genome editing in many crop plants. There is a great need to develop newer gene delivery vectors or methods. Recently, nanomaterials such as mesoporous silica particles (MSNs), AuNPs, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and layer double hydroxides (LDHs), have emerged as promising vectors for the delivery of genome engineering tools (DNA, RNA, proteins, and RNPs) to plants in a species-independent manner with high efficiency. Some exciting results have been reported, such as the successful delivery of cargo genes into plants and the generation of genome stable transgenic cotton and maize plants, which have provided some new routines for genome engineering in plants. Thus, in this review, we summarized recent progress in the utilization of nanomaterials for plant genetic transformation and discussed the advantages and limitations of different methods. Furthermore, we emphasized the advantages and potential broad applications of nanomaterials in plant genome editing, which provides guidance for future applications of nanomaterials in plant genetic engineering and crop breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhi
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (W.P.)
- Institute of Advanced Agricultural Science, Peking University, Weifang 261000, China;
| | - Shengen Zhou
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (W.P.)
- Institute of Advanced Agricultural Science, Peking University, Weifang 261000, China;
| | - Wenbo Pan
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (W.P.)
- Institute of Advanced Agricultural Science, Peking University, Weifang 261000, China;
| | - Yun Shang
- Institute of Advanced Agricultural Science, Peking University, Weifang 261000, China;
| | - Zhanghua Zeng
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, CAAS Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Huawei Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Agricultural Science, Peking University, Weifang 261000, China;
- Correspondence:
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13
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Miyamoto T, Tsuchiya K, Toyooka K, Goto Y, Tateishi A, Numata K. Relaxation of the Plant Cell Wall Barrier via Zwitterionic Liquid Pretreatment for Micelle‐Complex‐Mediated DNA Delivery to Specific Plant Organelles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Miyamoto
- Biomacromolecules Research Team RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Kousuke Tsuchiya
- Department of Material Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Kiminori Toyooka
- Technology Platform Division Mass Spectrometry and Microscopy Unit RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science Yokohama 230-0045 Japan
| | - Yumi Goto
- Technology Platform Division Mass Spectrometry and Microscopy Unit RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science Yokohama 230-0045 Japan
| | - Ayaka Tateishi
- Department of Material Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Keiji Numata
- Biomacromolecules Research Team RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science Saitama 351-0198 Japan
- Department of Material Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
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14
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Awan MJA, Pervaiz K, Rasheed A, Amin I, Saeed NA, Dhugga KS, Mansoor S. Genome edited wheat- current advances for the second green revolution. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 60:108006. [PMID: 35732256 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Common wheat is a major source of nutrition around the globe, but unlike maize and rice hybrids, no breakthrough has been made to enhance wheat yield since Green Revolution. With the availability of reference genome sequence of wheat and advancement of allied genomics technologies, understanding of genes involved in grain yield components and disease resistance/susceptibility has opened new avenues for crop improvement. Wheat has a huge hexaploidy genome of approximately 17 GB with 85% repetition, and it is a daunting task to induce any mutation across three homeologues that can be helpful for the enhancement of agronomic traits. The CRISPR-Cas9 system provides a promising platform for genome editing in a site-specific manner. In wheat, CRISPR-Cas9 is being used in the improvement of yield, grain quality, biofortification, resistance against diseases, and tolerance against abiotic factors. The promising outcomes of the CRISPR-based multiplexing approach circumvent the constraint of targeting merely one gene at a time. Deployment of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated (Cas) 9 endonuclease (CRISPR-Cas9) and Cas9 variant systems such as cytidine base editing, adenosine base editing, and prime editing in wheat has been used to induce point mutations more precisely. Scientists have acquired major events such as induction of male sterility, fertility restoration, and alteration of seed dormancy through Cas9 in wheat that can facilitate breeding programs for elite variety development. Furthermore, a recent discovery in tissue culturing enables scientists to significantly enhance regeneration efficiency in wheat by transforming the GRF4-GIF1 cassette. Rapid generation advancement by speed breeding technology provides the opportunity for the generation advancement of the desired plants to segregate out unwanted transgenes and allows rapid integration of gene-edited wheat into the breeding pipeline. The combination of these novel technologies addresses some of the most important limiting factors for sustainable and climate-smart wheat that should lead to the second "Green Revolution" for global food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Jawad Akbar Awan
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Komal Pervaiz
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Awais Rasheed
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) & CIMMYT-China office, 12 Zhongguanccun South Street, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Imran Amin
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nasir A Saeed
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Kanwarpal S Dhugga
- Corteva Agriscience, Johnston, IA, USA; International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), El Batan, Mexico
| | - Shahid Mansoor
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
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15
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Xi L, Zhang M, Zhang L, Lew TTS, Lam YM. Novel Materials for Urban Farming. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2105009. [PMID: 34668260 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202105009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Scarcity of natural resources, shifting demographics, climate change, and increasing waste are four major challenges in the quest to feed the exploding world population. These challenges serve as the impetus to harness novel technologies to improve agriculture, productivity, and sustainability. Urban farming has several advantages over conventional farming: higher productivity, improved sustainability, and the ability to provide fresh food all year round. Novel materials are key to accelerating the evolution of urban farming - with their ability to facilitate controlled release of nutrients and pesticides, improved seed health, substrates with better water retention capability, more efficient recycling of agricultural waste, and precise plant health monitoring. Materials science enables environmental sustainability and higher harvest yields in urban farms. Here, Singapore is used as an example of a land-scarce city where urban farming may be the solution for future food production. Potential research directions and challenges in urban farming are highlighted, and how material optimization and innovation drive the development of urban farming to meet national and global food demands is briefly discussed. This review serves as a guide for researchers and a reference for stakeholders of urban farms, policy makers, and other interested parties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifei Xi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Facility for Analysis, Characterisation, Testing and Simulation (FACTS), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Mengyuan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Liling Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Tedrick T S Lew
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138634, Singapore
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Yeng Ming Lam
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Facility for Analysis, Characterisation, Testing and Simulation (FACTS), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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16
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Yan Y, Zhu X, Yu Y, Li C, Zhang Z, Wang F. Nanotechnology Strategies for Plant Genetic Engineering. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2106945. [PMID: 34699644 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plant genetic engineering is essential for improving crop yield, quality, and resistance to abiotic/biotic stresses for sustainable agriculture. Agrobacterium-, biolistic bombardment-, electroporation-, and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-mediated genetic-transformation systems are extensively used in plant genetic engineering. However, these systems have limitations, including species dependency, destruction of plant tissues, low transformation efficiency, and high cost. Recently, nanotechnology-based gene-delivery methods have been developed for plant genetic transformation. This nanostrategy shows excellent transformation efficiency, good biocompatibility, adequate protection of exogenous nucleic acids, and the potential for plant regeneration. However, the nanomaterial-mediated gene-delivery system in plants is still in its infancy, and there are many challenges for its broad applications. Herein, the conventional genetic transformation techniques used in plants are briefly discussed. After that, the progress in the development of nanomaterial-based gene-delivery systems is considered. CRISPR-Cas-mediated genome editing and its combined applications with plant nanotechnology are also discussed. The conceptual innovations, methods, and practical applications of nanomaterial-mediated genetic transformation summarized herein will be beneficial for promoting plant genetic engineering in modern agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Zhu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Yue Yu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Chao Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, P. R. China
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17
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Wu J, Chen G, Jia Y, Ji C, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Leblanc RM, Peng Z. Carbon dot composites for bioapplications: a review. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:843-869. [DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02446a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent advancements in the synthesis of carbon dot composites and their applications in biomedical fields (bioimaging, drug delivery and biosensing) have been carefully summarized. The current challenges and future trends of CD composites in this field have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Wu
- School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Gonglin Chen
- School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinnong Jia
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyu Ji
- School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, USA
| | - Roger M. Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, USA
| | - Zhili Peng
- School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
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18
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Zhang Q, Ying Y, Ping J. Recent Advances in Plant Nanoscience. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103414. [PMID: 34761568 PMCID: PMC8805591 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Plants have complex internal signaling pathways to quickly adjust to environmental changes and harvest energy from the environment. Facing the growing population, there is an urgent need for plant transformation and precise monitoring of plant growth to improve crop yields. Nanotechnology, an interdisciplinary research field, has recently been boosting plant yields and meeting global energy needs. In this context, a new field, "plant nanoscience," which describes the interaction between plants and nanotechnology, emerges as the times require. Nanosensors, nanofertilizers, nanopesticides, and nano-plant genetic engineering are of great help in increasing crop yields. Nanogenerators are helping to develop the potential of plants in the field of energy harvesting. Furthermore, the uptake and internalization of nanomaterials in plants and the possible effects are also worthy of attention. In this review, a forward-looking perspective on the plant nanoscience is presented and feasible solutions for future food shortages and energy crises are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Laboratory of Agricultural Information Intelligent Sensing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yibin Ying
- Laboratory of Agricultural Information Intelligent Sensing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Jianfeng Ping
- Laboratory of Agricultural Information Intelligent Sensing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
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19
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González-Grandío E, Demirer GS, Jackson CT, Yang D, Ebert S, Molawi K, Keller H, Landry MP. Carbon nanotube biocompatibility in plants is determined by their surface chemistry. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:431. [PMID: 34930290 PMCID: PMC8686619 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01178-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Agriculture faces significant global challenges including climate change and an increasing food demand due to a growing population. Addressing these challenges will require the adoption of transformative innovations into biotechnology practice, such as nanotechnology. Recently, nanomaterials have emerged as unmatched tools for their use as biosensors, or as biomolecule delivery vehicles. Despite their increasingly prolific use, plant-nanomaterial interactions remain poorly characterized, drawing into question the breadth of their utility and their broader environmental compatibility. RESULTS Herein, we characterize the response of Arabidopsis thaliana to single walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) exposure with two different surface chemistries commonly used for biosensing and nucleic acid delivery: oligonucleotide adsorbed-pristine SWNTs, and polyethyleneimine-SWNTs loaded with plasmid DNA (PEI-SWNTs), both introduced by leaf infiltration. We observed that pristine SWNTs elicit a mild stress response almost undistinguishable from the infiltration process, indicating that these nanomaterials are well-tolerated by the plant. However, PEI-SWNTs induce a much larger transcriptional reprogramming that involves stress, immunity, and senescence responses. PEI-SWNT-induced transcriptional profile is very similar to that of mutant plants displaying a constitutive immune response or treated with stress-priming agrochemicals. We selected molecular markers from our transcriptomic analysis and identified PEI as the main cause of this adverse reaction. We show that PEI-SWNT response is concentration-dependent and, when persistent over time, leads to cell death. We probed a panel of PEI variant-functionalized SWNTs across two plant species and identified biocompatible SWNT surface functionalizations. CONCLUSIONS While SWNTs themselves are well tolerated by plants, SWNTs surface-functionalized with positively charged polymers become toxic and produce cell death. We use molecular markers to identify more biocompatible SWNT formulations. Our results highlight the importance of nanoparticle surface chemistry on their biocompatibility and will facilitate the use of functionalized nanomaterials for agricultural improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo González-Grandío
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Gözde S Demirer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Department of Plant Biology and Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Christopher T Jackson
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Darwin Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Sophia Ebert
- BASF, Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38, 67056, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Kian Molawi
- BASF, Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38, 67056, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Harald Keller
- BASF, Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38, 67056, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Markita P Landry
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. .,Innovative Genomics Institute (IGI), Berkeley, CA, USA. .,California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, QB3, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. .,Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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20
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Campos G, Chialva C, Miras S, Lijavetzky D. New Technologies and Strategies for Grapevine Breeding Through Genetic Transformation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:767522. [PMID: 34899790 PMCID: PMC8655788 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.767522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine, as other woody perennials, has been considered a recalcitrant crop to produce transgenic plants. Since the production of transgenic and/or edited plants requires the ability to regenerate plants from transformed tissues, this step is often the biggest bottleneck in the process. The objective of this work is to review the state of the art technologies and strategies for the improvement of grapevine transformation and regeneration, focusing on three aspects: (i) problems associated with grapevine transformation; (ii) genes that promote grapevine regeneration; and (iii) vehicles for gene delivery. Concerning the first aspect, it is well documented that one of the main factors explaining the low success rate in obtaining transgenic plants is the regeneration process. After transgenic integration into receptor cells, tissue culture is required to regenerate transgenic seedlings from transformed cells. This process is time consuming and often requires the addition of environmentally damaging reagents (antibiotics and herbicides) to the culture medium to select transgenic plants. On the other hand, the expression of genes such as the so-called developmental regulators (DR), which induce specific development programs, can be used to avoid traditional tissue culture methods. The ectopic expression of specific combinations of DR in somatic cells has the potential to induce de novo meristems in diverse crops, including grapevine. Successful genome editing by de novo reprogramming of plant meristems in somatic tissues has been reported. Moreover, it has been shown that the expression of certain transcription factors can increase the regeneration efficiency in wheat, citrus, and rice. Finally, recent reports showed the use of nanoparticles, such as carbon dots (CDs), as an attractive alternative to Agrobacterium- and biolistic-mediated plant genetic transformation. In this way, the use of antibiotics in culture media is avoided, overcoming the loss of viability of plant tissues and accelerating the regeneration processes. It has been shown that CDs can act as a vehicle to transport plasmids to plant cells in transient transformation in several crops without negative impacts on photosynthesis or growth. Based on these advances, it is possible to combine these new available strategies and technologies to overcome the regeneration problems of species such as grapevine and other crops considered as recalcitrant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Diego Lijavetzky
- Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza (IBAM, CONICET-UNCuyo), Almirante Brown 500, M5528AHB. Chacras de Coria, Mendoza, Argentina
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