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Lu P, Ruan D, Huang M, Tian M, Zhu K, Gan Z, Xiao Z. Harnessing the potential of hydrogels for advanced therapeutic applications: current achievements and future directions. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:166. [PMID: 38945949 PMCID: PMC11214942 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01852-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The applications of hydrogels have expanded significantly due to their versatile, highly tunable properties and breakthroughs in biomaterial technologies. In this review, we cover the major achievements and the potential of hydrogels in therapeutic applications, focusing primarily on two areas: emerging cell-based therapies and promising non-cell therapeutic modalities. Within the context of cell therapy, we discuss the capacity of hydrogels to overcome the existing translational challenges faced by mainstream cell therapy paradigms, provide a detailed discussion on the advantages and principal design considerations of hydrogels for boosting the efficacy of cell therapy, as well as list specific examples of their applications in different disease scenarios. We then explore the potential of hydrogels in drug delivery, physical intervention therapies, and other non-cell therapeutic areas (e.g., bioadhesives, artificial tissues, and biosensors), emphasizing their utility beyond mere delivery vehicles. Additionally, we complement our discussion on the latest progress and challenges in the clinical application of hydrogels and outline future research directions, particularly in terms of integration with advanced biomanufacturing technologies. This review aims to present a comprehensive view and critical insights into the design and selection of hydrogels for both cell therapy and non-cell therapies, tailored to meet the therapeutic requirements of diverse diseases and situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peilin Lu
- Nanomedicine Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, PR China
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, and Laboratory of Interventional Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, PR China
| | - Dongxue Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute for Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China
| | - Meiqi Huang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, and Laboratory of Interventional Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, PR China
| | - Mi Tian
- Department of Stomatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610021, PR China
| | - Kangshun Zhu
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, and Laboratory of Interventional Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, PR China.
| | - Ziqi Gan
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, PR China.
| | - Zecong Xiao
- Nanomedicine Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, PR China.
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2
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Xiang K, Liu M, Chen J, Bao Y, Wang Z, Xiao K, Teng C, Ushakov N, Kumar S, Li X, Min R. AI-Assisted Insole Sensing System for Multifunctional Plantar-Healthcare Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:32662-32678. [PMID: 38863342 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c04467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The pervasive global issue of population aging has led to a growing demand for health monitoring, while the advent of electronic wearable devices has greatly alleviated the strain on the industry. However, these devices come with inherent limitations, such as electromagnetic radiation, complex structures, and high prices. Herein, a Solaris silicone rubber-integrated PMMA polymer optical fiber (S-POF) intelligent insole sensing system has been developed for remote, portable, cost-effective, and real-time gait monitoring. The system is capable of sensitively converting the pressure of key points on the sole into changes in light intensity with correlation coefficients of 0.995, 0.952, and 0.910. The S-POF sensing structure demonstrates excellent durability with a 4.8% variation in output after 10,000 cycles and provides stable feedback for bending angles. It also exhibits water resistance and temperature resistance within a certain range. Its multichannel multiplexing framework allows a smartphone to monitor multiple S-POF channels simultaneously, meeting the requirements of convenience for daily care. Also, the system can efficiently and accurately provide parameters such as pressure, step cadence, and pressure distribution, enabling the analysis of gait phases and patterns with errors of only 4.16% and 6.25% for the stance phase (STP) and the swing phase (SWP), respectively. Likewise, after comparing various AI models, an S-POF channel-based gait pattern recognition technique has been proposed with a high accuracy of up to 96.87%. Such experimental results demonstrate that the system is promising to further promote the development of rehabilitation and healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyuan Xiang
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Mengjie Liu
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yingshuo Bao
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Kun Xiao
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Chuanxin Teng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Nikolai Ushakov
- Institute of Electronics and Telecommunications, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh 522302, India,
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Rui Min
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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3
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Virumbrales C, Hernández-Ruiz R, Trigo-López M, Vallejos S, García JM. Sensory Polymers: Trends, Challenges, and Prospects Ahead. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:3852. [PMID: 38931634 PMCID: PMC11207698 DOI: 10.3390/s24123852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, sensory polymers have evolved significantly, emerging as versatile and cost-effective materials valued for their flexibility and lightweight nature. These polymers have transformed into sophisticated, active systems capable of precise detection and interaction, driving innovation across various domains, including smart materials, biomedical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and industrial safety. Their unique responsiveness to specific stimuli has sparked considerable interest and exploration in numerous applications. However, along with these advancements, notable challenges need to be addressed. Issues such as wearable technology integration, biocompatibility, selectivity and sensitivity enhancement, stability and reliability improvement, signal processing optimization, IoT integration, and data analysis pose significant hurdles. When considered collectively, these challenges present formidable barriers to the commercial viability of sensory polymer-based technologies. Addressing these challenges requires a multifaceted approach encompassing technological innovation, regulatory compliance, market analysis, and commercialization strategies. Successfully navigating these complexities is essential for unlocking the full potential of sensory polymers and ensuring their widespread adoption and impact across industries, while also providing guidance to the scientific community to focus their research on the challenges of polymeric sensors and to understand the future prospects where research efforts need to be directed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia Virumbrales
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain; (M.T.-L.); (S.V.); (J.M.G.)
| | - Raquel Hernández-Ruiz
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain; (M.T.-L.); (S.V.); (J.M.G.)
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4
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Kalulu M, Chilikwazi B, Hu J, Fu G. Soft Actuators and Actuation: Design, Synthesis, and Applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024:e2400282. [PMID: 38850266 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Soft actuators are one of the most promising technological advancements with potential solutions to diverse fields' day-to-day challenges. Soft actuators derived from hydrogel materials possess unique features such as flexibility, responsiveness to stimuli, and intricate deformations, making them ideal for soft robotics, artificial muscles, and biomedical applications. This review provides an overview of material composition and design techniques for hydrogel actuators, exploring 3D printing, photopolymerization, cross-linking, and microfabrication methods for improved actuation. It examines applications of hydrogel actuators in biomedical, soft robotics, bioinspired systems, microfluidics, lab-on-a-chip devices, and environmental, and energy systems. Finally, it discusses challenges, opportunities, advancements, and regulatory aspects related to hydrogel actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mulenga Kalulu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Jiangning, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211189, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Zambia, Lusaka, 10101, Zambia
| | - Bright Chilikwazi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Zambia, Lusaka, 10101, Zambia
| | - Jun Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Jiangning, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Guodong Fu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Jiangning, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211189, P. R. China
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5
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Sun Y, Xiao Z, Chen B, Zhao Y, Dai J. Advances in Material-Assisted Electromagnetic Neural Stimulation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2400346. [PMID: 38594598 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202400346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Bioelectricity plays a crucial role in organisms, being closely connected to neural activity and physiological processes. Disruptions in the nervous system can lead to chaotic ionic currents at the injured site, causing disturbances in the local cellular microenvironment, impairing biological pathways, and resulting in a loss of neural functions. Electromagnetic stimulation has the ability to generate internal currents, which can be utilized to counter tissue damage and aid in the restoration of movement in paralyzed limbs. By incorporating implanted materials, electromagnetic stimulation can be targeted more accurately, thereby significantly improving the effectiveness and safety of such interventions. Currently, there have been significant advancements in the development of numerous promising electromagnetic stimulation strategies with diverse materials. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the fundamental theories, neural stimulation modulating materials, material application strategies, and pre-clinical therapeutic effects associated with electromagnetic stimulation for neural repair. It offers a thorough analysis of current techniques that employ materials to enhance electromagnetic stimulation, as well as potential therapeutic strategies for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhifeng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Bing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yannan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jianwu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
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6
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Zhang S, He Z, Zhao W, Liu C, Zhou S, Ibrahim OO, Wang C, Wang Q. Innovative Material-Based Wearable Non-Invasive Electrochemical Sweat Sensors towards Biomedical Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:857. [PMID: 38786813 PMCID: PMC11124380 DOI: 10.3390/nano14100857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Sweat is an accessible biofluid that provides useful physiological information about the body's biomolecular state and systemic health. Wearable sensors possess various advantageous features, such as lightweight design, wireless connectivity, and compatibility with human skin, that make them suitable for continuous monitoring. Wearable electrochemical sweat sensors can diagnose diseases and monitor health conditions by detecting biomedical signal changes in sweat. This paper discusses the state-of-the-art research in the field of wearable sweat sensors and the materials used in their construction. It covers biomarkers present in sweat, sensing modalities, techniques for sweat collection, and ways to power these sensors. Innovative materials are categorized into three subcategories: sweat collection, sweat detection, and self-powering. These include substrates for sensor fabrication, analyte detection electrodes, absorbent patches, microfluidic devices, and self-powered devices. This paper concludes by forecasting future research trends and prospects in material-based wearable non-invasive sweat sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhang
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; (S.Z.); (Z.H.); (W.Z.); (C.L.); (S.Z.); (O.O.I.)
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo Tech University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Zhaotao He
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; (S.Z.); (Z.H.); (W.Z.); (C.L.); (S.Z.); (O.O.I.)
- Polytechnic Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; (S.Z.); (Z.H.); (W.Z.); (C.L.); (S.Z.); (O.O.I.)
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; (S.Z.); (Z.H.); (W.Z.); (C.L.); (S.Z.); (O.O.I.)
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Shulan Zhou
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; (S.Z.); (Z.H.); (W.Z.); (C.L.); (S.Z.); (O.O.I.)
- Polytechnic Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Oresegun Olakunle Ibrahim
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; (S.Z.); (Z.H.); (W.Z.); (C.L.); (S.Z.); (O.O.I.)
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Chunge Wang
- School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Ningbo Tech University, Ningbo 315100, China;
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; (S.Z.); (Z.H.); (W.Z.); (C.L.); (S.Z.); (O.O.I.)
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo Tech University, Ningbo 315100, China
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7
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Bejenaru C, Radu A, Segneanu AE, Biţă A, Ciocîlteu MV, Mogoşanu GD, Bradu IA, Vlase T, Vlase G, Bejenaru LE. Pharmaceutical Applications of Biomass Polymers: Review of Current Research and Perspectives. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1182. [PMID: 38732651 PMCID: PMC11085205 DOI: 10.3390/polym16091182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Polymers derived from natural biomass have emerged as a valuable resource in the field of biomedicine due to their versatility. Polysaccharides, peptides, proteins, and lignin have demonstrated promising results in various applications, including drug delivery design. However, several challenges need to be addressed to realize the full potential of these polymers. The current paper provides a comprehensive overview of the latest research and perspectives in this area, with a particular focus on developing effective methods and efficient drug delivery systems. This review aims to offer insights into the opportunities and challenges associated with the use of natural polymers in biomedicine and to provide a roadmap for future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Bejenaru
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349 Craiova, Dolj, Romania; (C.B.); (A.R.)
| | - Antonia Radu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349 Craiova, Dolj, Romania; (C.B.); (A.R.)
| | - Adina-Elena Segneanu
- Institute for Advanced Environmental Research, West University of Timişoara (ICAM–WUT), 4 Oituz Street, 300086 Timişoara, Timiş, Romania; (I.A.B.); (T.V.); (G.V.)
| | - Andrei Biţă
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349 Craiova, Dolj, Romania; (A.B.); (G.D.M.); (L.E.B.)
| | - Maria Viorica Ciocîlteu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349 Craiova, Dolj, Romania;
| | - George Dan Mogoşanu
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349 Craiova, Dolj, Romania; (A.B.); (G.D.M.); (L.E.B.)
| | - Ionela Amalia Bradu
- Institute for Advanced Environmental Research, West University of Timişoara (ICAM–WUT), 4 Oituz Street, 300086 Timişoara, Timiş, Romania; (I.A.B.); (T.V.); (G.V.)
| | - Titus Vlase
- Institute for Advanced Environmental Research, West University of Timişoara (ICAM–WUT), 4 Oituz Street, 300086 Timişoara, Timiş, Romania; (I.A.B.); (T.V.); (G.V.)
- Research Center for Thermal Analyzes in Environmental Problems, West University of Timişoara, 16 Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi Street, 300115 Timişoara, Timiş, Romania
| | - Gabriela Vlase
- Institute for Advanced Environmental Research, West University of Timişoara (ICAM–WUT), 4 Oituz Street, 300086 Timişoara, Timiş, Romania; (I.A.B.); (T.V.); (G.V.)
- Research Center for Thermal Analyzes in Environmental Problems, West University of Timişoara, 16 Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi Street, 300115 Timişoara, Timiş, Romania
| | - Ludovic Everard Bejenaru
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349 Craiova, Dolj, Romania; (A.B.); (G.D.M.); (L.E.B.)
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8
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Wachholz Junior D, Hryniewicz BM, Tatsuo Kubota L. Advanced Hybrid materials in electrochemical sensors: Combining MOFs and conducting polymers for environmental monitoring. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141479. [PMID: 38367874 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
The integration of conducting polymers (CPs) with metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has arisen as a dynamic and innovative approach to overcome some intrinsic limitations of both materials, representing a transformative method to address the pressing need for high-performance environmental monitoring tools. MOFs, with their intricate structures and versatile functional groups, provide tuneable porosity and an extensive surface area, facilitating the selective adsorption of target analytes. Conversely, CPs, characterized by their exceptional electrical conductivity and redox properties, serve as proficient signal transducers. By combining these two materials, a novel class of hybrid materials emerges, capitalizing on the unique attributes of both components. These MOF/CP hybrids exhibit heightened sensitivity, selectivity, and adaptability, making them primordial in detecting and quantifying environmental contaminants. This review examines the synergy between MOFs and CPs, highlighting recent advancements, challenges, and prospects, thus offering a promising solution for developing advanced functional materials with tailored properties and multifunctionality to be applied in electrochemical sensors for environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagwin Wachholz Junior
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, 13083-970, Campinas, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology in Bioanalytic, Campinas, Brazil.
| | - Bruna M Hryniewicz
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, 13083-970, Campinas, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology in Bioanalytic, Campinas, Brazil.
| | - Lauro Tatsuo Kubota
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, 13083-970, Campinas, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology in Bioanalytic, Campinas, Brazil.
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9
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Nguyen DM, Lo CY, Guo T, Choi T, Sundar S, Swain Z, Wu Y, Dhong C, Kayser LV. One Pot Photomediated Formation of Electrically Conductive Hydrogels. ACS POLYMERS AU 2024; 4:34-44. [PMID: 38371732 PMCID: PMC10870748 DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.3c00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Electrically conductive hydrogels represent an innovative platform for the development of bioelectronic devices. While photolithography technologies have enabled the fabrication of complex architectures with high resolution, photoprinting conductive hydrogels is still a challenging task because the conductive polymer absorbs light which can outcompete photopolymerization of the insulating scaffold. In this study, we introduce an approach to synthesizing conductive hydrogels in one step. Our approach combines the simultaneous photo-cross-linking of a polymeric scaffold and the polymerization of 3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene (EDOT), without additional photocatalysts. This process involves the copolymerization of photo-cross-linkable coumarin-containing monomers with sodium styrenesulfonate to produce a water-soluble poly(styrenesulfonate-co-coumarin acrylate) (P(SS-co-CoumAc)) copolymer. Our findings reveal that optimizing the [SS]:[CoumAc] ratio at 100:5 results in hydrogels with the strain at break up to 16%. This mechanical resilience is coupled with an electronic conductivity of 9.2 S m-1 suitable for wearable electronics. Furthermore, the conductive hydrogels can be photopatterned to achieve micrometer-sized structures with high resolution. The photo-cross-linked hydrogels are used as electrodes to record stable and reliable surface electromyography (sEMG) signals. These novel photo-cross-linkable polymers combined with one-pot PEDOT (poly-EDOT) polymerization open possibilities for rapidly prototyping complex bioelectronic devices and creating custom-designed interfaces between electronics and biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan My Nguyen
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Chun-Yuan Lo
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Tianzheng Guo
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Taewook Choi
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Shalini Sundar
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Zachary Swain
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Yuhang Wu
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Charles Dhong
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Laure V. Kayser
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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10
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Le CV, Yoon H. Advances in the Use of Conducting Polymers for Healthcare Monitoring. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1564. [PMID: 38338846 PMCID: PMC10855550 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Conducting polymers (CPs) are an innovative class of materials recognized for their high flexibility and biocompatibility, making them an ideal choice for health monitoring applications that require flexibility. They are active in their design. Advances in fabrication technology allow the incorporation of CPs at various levels, by combining diverse CPs monomers with metal particles, 2D materials, carbon nanomaterials, and copolymers through the process of polymerization and mixing. This method produces materials with unique physicochemical properties and is highly customizable. In particular, the development of CPs with expanded surface area and high conductivity has significantly improved the performance of the sensors, providing high sensitivity and flexibility and expanding the range of available options. However, due to the morphological diversity of new materials and thus the variety of characteristics that can be synthesized by combining CPs and other types of functionalities, choosing the right combination for a sensor application is difficult but becomes important. This review focuses on classifying the role of CP and highlights recent advances in sensor design, especially in the field of healthcare monitoring. It also synthesizes the sensing mechanisms and evaluates the performance of CPs on electrochemical surfaces and in the sensor design. Furthermore, the applications that can be revolutionized by CPs will be discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuong Van Le
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Graduate School, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonseok Yoon
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Graduate School, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
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Kuperkar K, Atanase LI, Bahadur A, Crivei IC, Bahadur P. Degradable Polymeric Bio(nano)materials and Their Biomedical Applications: A Comprehensive Overview and Recent Updates. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:206. [PMID: 38257005 PMCID: PMC10818796 DOI: 10.3390/polym16020206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Degradable polymers (both biomacromolecules and several synthetic polymers) for biomedical applications have been promising very much in the recent past due to their low cost, biocompatibility, flexibility, and minimal side effects. Here, we present an overview with updated information on natural and synthetic degradable polymers where a brief account on different polysaccharides, proteins, and synthetic polymers viz. polyesters/polyamino acids/polyanhydrides/polyphosphazenes/polyurethanes relevant to biomedical applications has been provided. The various approaches for the transformation of these polymers by physical/chemical means viz. cross-linking, as polyblends, nanocomposites/hybrid composites, interpenetrating complexes, interpolymer/polyion complexes, functionalization, polymer conjugates, and block and graft copolymers, are described. The degradation mechanism, drug loading profiles, and toxicological aspects of polymeric nanoparticles formed are also defined. Biomedical applications of these degradable polymer-based biomaterials in and as wound dressing/healing, biosensors, drug delivery systems, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine, etc., are highlighted. In addition, the use of such nano systems to solve current drug delivery problems is briefly reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketan Kuperkar
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology (SVNIT), Ichchhanath, Piplod, Surat 395007, Gujarat, India;
| | - Leonard Ionut Atanase
- Faculty of Medical Dentistry, “Apollonia” University of Iasi, 700511 Iasi, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 050045 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anita Bahadur
- Department of Zoology, Sir PT Sarvajanik College of Science, Surat 395001, Gujarat, India;
| | - Ioana Cristina Crivei
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Life Sciences, 700449 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Pratap Bahadur
- Department of Chemistry, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University (VNSGU), Udhana-Magdalla Road, Surat 395007, Gujarat, India;
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