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Su L, Hu Z, Yan T, Zhang X, Zhang D, Fang X. Light-Adapted Optoelectronic-Memristive Device for the Artificial Visual System. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:43742-43751. [PMID: 39114944 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c07976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
With the development of artificial intelligence systems, it is necessary to develop optoelectronic devices with photoresponse and storage capacity to simulate human visual perception systems. The key to an artificial visual perception system is to integrate components with both sensing and storage capabilities of illumination information. Although module integration components have made useful progress, they still face challenges such as multispectral response and high energy consumption. Here, we developed a light-adapted optoelectronic-memristive device integrated by an organic photodetector and ferroelectric-based memristor to simulate human visual perception. ITO/P3HT:PC71BM/Au as the light sensor unit shows a high on/off ratio (Iph/Id) reaching ∼5 × 104 at 0 V. The memristor unit, consisting of ITO/CBI@P(VDF-TrFE)/Cu, has a RON/ROFF ratio window of ∼106 under 0.05 V read voltage and ultralow power consumption of ∼1 pW. Moreover, the artificial visual perception unit shows stable light-adapted memory windows under different wavelengths of irradiation light (400, 500, and 600 nm; they meet the spectral range of human visual recognition) and can clearly identify the target image ("T" shape) because of the apparent contrast, which results from the high ROFF/RON ratio values. These results provide a potential design strategy for the development of intelligent artificial vision systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Su
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093, P. R. China
| | - Zijun Hu
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Yan
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Xinglong Zhang
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093, P. R. China
| | - Xiaosheng Fang
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
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Li L, Xiang H, Zheng H, Chien YC, Duong NT, Gao J, Ang KW. Physical reservoirs based on MoS 2-HZO integrated ferroelectric field-effect transistors for reservoir computing systems. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2024; 9:752-763. [PMID: 38465422 DOI: 10.1039/d3nh00524k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Reservoir computing (RC), a variant of recurrent neural networks (RNNs), is well-known for its reduced energy consumption through exclusive focus on training the output weight and its superior performance in handling spatiotemporal information. Implementing these networks in hardware requires devices with superior fading memory behavior. Unlike filament-based two-terminal devices, those relying on ferroelectric switching demonstrate improved voltage reliability, while three-terminal transistors provide additional active control. HfO2-based ferroelectric materials such as Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 (HZO), have garnered attention for their scalability and seamless integration with CMOS technology. This study implements a RC hardware based on MoS2-HZO integrated device structure with enhanced spontaneous polarization field. By adjusting the oxygen vacancy concentration, the devices exhibit consistent responses to both identical and nonidentical voltages, making them suitable for diverse RC applications. The high accuracy of MNIST handwritten digits recognition highlights the rich reservoir states of the traditional RC architecture. Additionally, the impact of masks on RC implementation is assessed, showcasing the device's capability for spatiotemporal signal analysis. This development paves the way for implementing energy-efficient and high-performance computing solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingqi Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117583.
| | - Heng Xiang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117583.
| | - Haofei Zheng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117583.
| | - Yu-Chieh Chien
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117583.
| | - Ngoc Thanh Duong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117583.
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117583.
| | - Kah-Wee Ang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117583.
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Duan X, Cao Z, Gao K, Yan W, Sun S, Zhou G, Wu Z, Ren F, Sun B. Memristor-Based Neuromorphic Chips. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2310704. [PMID: 38168750 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
In the era of information, characterized by an exponential growth in data volume and an escalating level of data abstraction, there has been a substantial focus on brain-like chips, which are known for their robust processing power and energy-efficient operation. Memristors are widely acknowledged as the optimal electronic devices for the realization of neuromorphic computing, due to their innate ability to emulate the interconnection and information transfer processes witnessed among neurons. This review paper focuses on memristor-based neuromorphic chips, which provide an extensive description of the working principle and characteristic features of memristors, along with their applications in the realm of neuromorphic chips. Subsequently, a thorough discussion of the memristor array, which serves as the pivotal component of the neuromorphic chip, as well as an examination of the present mainstream neural networks, is delved. Furthermore, the design of the neuromorphic chip is categorized into three crucial sections, including synapse-neuron cores, networks on chip (NoC), and neural network design. Finally, the key performance metrics of the chip is highlighted, as well as the key metrics related to the memristor devices are employed to realize both the synaptic and neuronal components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuegang Duan
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
- Department of hepatobiliary surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
- Micro-and Nano-technology Research Center, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Zelin Cao
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
- Department of hepatobiliary surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
- Micro-and Nano-technology Research Center, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Kaikai Gao
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
- Department of hepatobiliary surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
- Micro-and Nano-technology Research Center, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Wentao Yan
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
- Department of hepatobiliary surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
- Micro-and Nano-technology Research Center, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Siyu Sun
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
- Micro-and Nano-technology Research Center, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Guangdong Zhou
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Brain-inspired Computing & Intelligent Control of Chongqing Key Lab, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zhenhua Wu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 DongChuan Rd, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Fenggang Ren
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
- Department of hepatobiliary surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Bai Sun
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
- Department of hepatobiliary surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
- Micro-and Nano-technology Research Center, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
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Chen L, Xi J, Tekelenburg EK, Tran K, Portale G, Brabec CJ, Loi MA. Quasi-2D Lead-Tin Perovskite Memory Devices Fabricated by Blade Coating. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2300040. [PMID: 37287443 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Two terminal passive devices are regarded as one of the promising candidates to solve the processor-memory bottleneck in the Von Neumann computing architectures. Many different materials are used to fabricate memory devices, which have the potential to act as synapses in future neuromorphic electronics. Metal halide perovskites are attractive for memory devices as they display high density of defects with a low migration barrier. However, to become promising for a future neuromorphic technology, attention should be paid on non-toxic materials and scalable deposition processes. Herein, it is reported for the first time the successful fabrication of resistive memory devices using quasi-2D tin-lead perovskite of composition (BA)2 MA4 (Pb0.5 Sn0.5 )5 I16 by blade coating. The devices show typical memory characteristics with excellent endurance (2000 cycles), retention (105 s), and storage stability (3 months). Importantly, the memory devices successfully emulate synaptic behaviors such as spike-timing-dependent plasticity, paired-pulse facilitation, short-term potentiation, and long-term potentiation. A mix of slow (ionic) transport and fast (electronic) transport (charge trapping and de-trapping) is proven to be responsible for the observed resistive switching behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Chen
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Jun Xi
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Eelco Kinsa Tekelenburg
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Karolina Tran
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Giuseppe Portale
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Christoph J Brabec
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg (HI ERN), Immerwahrstraße 2, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maria Antonietta Loi
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
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Kuruppu UM, Rahman MA, Gangishetty MK. Unraveling the Origin of an Unusual Shift in the Electroluminescence of 1D CsCu 2I 3 Light-Emitting Diodes. ACS NANO 2024; 18:1647-1657. [PMID: 38166382 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Lead-free low-dimensional copper-based metal halides are promising luminescent materials for broadband LEDs owing to their broad self-trapped exciton (STE) emission. However, recently, in 1D CsCu2I3, a discrepancy between their electroluminescence (EL) and photoluminescence (PL) has been observed. As a result, the overall output color from LEDs is significantly different than the anticipated emission. To unveil the origin of this discrepancy, here, we provide comprehensive analyses and show that the shift in the EL is caused neither by any structural/optical interactions between CsCu2I3 and electron transport layers (ETL) nor by the degradation of 1D CsCu2I3. Instead, it depends on the carrier imbalance on CsCu2I3, mainly due to the difference in the electron mobility of the ETLs and the electron density on the CsCu2I3 layer. By varying the ETLs, different colored 1D CsCu2I3 LEDs with peaks at 556, 590, and 647 nm are fabricated, and a maximum luminance of over 2000 cd/m2 is achieved for a 556 nm LED. Further, by limiting the electron mobility and injection to 1D CsCu2I3 using an insulating LiF layer at the CsCu2I3/ETL interface, more red-shifted LEDs are achieved confirming the critical role of electron density on the EL characteristics of 1D CsCu2I3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udara M Kuruppu
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Mohammad A Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Mahesh K Gangishetty
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
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6
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Ma Z, Ji X, Lin S, Chen X, Wu D, Li X, Zhang Y, Shan C, Shi Z, Fang X. Recent Advances and Opportunities of Eco-Friendly Ternary Copper Halides: A New Superstar in Optoelectronic Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2300731. [PMID: 36854310 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the newly-emerging lead-free metal-halide materials with less toxicity and superior optoelectronic properties have received wide attention as the safer and potentially more robust alternatives to lead-based perovskite counterparts. Among them, ternary copper halides (TCHs) have become a vital group due to their unique features, including abundant structural diversity, ease of synthesis, unprecedented optoelectronic properties, high abundance, and low cost. Although the recent efforts in this field have made certain progresses, some scientific and technological issues still remain unresolved. Herein, a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of recent progress on the fundamental characteristics of TCH materials and their versatile applications is presented, which contains topics such as: i) crystal and electronic structure features and synthesis strategies; ii) mechanisms of self-trapped excitons, luminescence regulation, and environmental stability; and iii) their burgeoning optoelectronic devices of phosphor-converted white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs), electroluminescent LEDs, anti-counterfeiting, X-ray scintillators, photodetectors, sensors, and memristors. Finally, the current challenges together with future perspectives on the development of TCH materials and applications are also critically described, which is considered to be critical for accelerating the commercialization of these rapidly evolving technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangzhuang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Daxue Road 75, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Xinzhen Ji
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Daxue Road 75, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Shuailing Lin
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Daxue Road 75, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Xu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Daxue Road 75, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Daxue Road 75, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Xinjian Li
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Daxue Road 75, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Chongxin Shan
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Daxue Road 75, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Zhifeng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Daxue Road 75, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Xiaosheng Fang
- Department of Materials Science, Institute of Optoelectronics, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
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Cao F, Hu Z, Yan T, Hong E, Deng X, Wu L, Fang X. A Dual-Functional Perovskite-Based Photodetector and Memristor for Visual Memory. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2304550. [PMID: 37467009 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
The imitation of human visual memory demands the multifunctional integration of light sensors similar to the eyes, and image memory, similar to the brain. Although humans have already implemented electronic devices with visual memory functions, these devices require a combination of various components and logical circuits. However, the combination of visual perception and high-performance information storage capabilities into a single device to achieve visual memory remains challenging. In this study, inspired by the function of human visual memory, a dual-functional perovskite-based photodetector (PD) and memristor are designed to realize visual perception and memory capacities. As a PD, it realizes an ultrahigh self-powered responsivity of 276 mA W-1 , a high detectivity of 4.7 × 1011 Jones (530 nm; light intensities, 2.34 mW cm-2 ), and a high rectification ratio of ≈100 (±2 V). As a memristor, an ultrahigh on/off ratio (≈105 ), an ultralow power consumption of 3 × 10-11 W, a low setting voltage (0.15 V), and a long retention time (>7000 s) are realized. Moreover, the dual-functional device has the capacity to perceive and remember light paths and store data with good cyclic stability. This device exhibits perceptual and cyclic erasable memory functions, which provides new opportunities for mimicking human visual memory in future multifunctional applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa Cao
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Zijun Hu
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Yan
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Enliu Hong
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolei Deng
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Limin Wu
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Inner Mongolia University Hohhot, Hohhot, 010021, P. R. China
| | - Xiaosheng Fang
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
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Liu JY, Zhang XH, Fang H, Zhang SQ, Chen Y, Liao Q, Chen HM, Chen HP, Lin MJ. Novel Semiconductive Ternary Hybrid Heterostructures for Artificial Optoelectronic Synapses. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302197. [PMID: 37403302 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Synaptic devices that mimic biological synapses are considered as promising candidates for brain-inspired devices, offering the functionalities in neuromorphic computing. However, modulation of emerging optoelectronic synaptic devices has rarely been reported. Herein, a semiconductive ternary hybrid heterostructure is prepared with a D-D'-A configuration by introducing polyoxometalate (POM) as an additional electroactive donor (D') into a metalloviologen-based D-A framework. The obtained material features an unprecedented porous 8-connected bcu-net that accommodates nanoscale [α-SiW12 O40 ]4- counterions, displaying uncommon optoelectronic responses. Besides, the fabricated synaptic device based on this material can achieve dual-modulation of synaptic plasticity due to the synergetic effect of electron reservoir POM and photoinduced electron transfer. And it can successfully simulate learning and memory processes similar to those in biological systems. The result provides a facile and effective strategy to customize multi-modality artificial synapses in the field of crystal engineering, which opens a new direction for developing high-performance neuromorphic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Inorganic Oxygenated Materials, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Hong Zhang
- Institure of Optoelectronic Display, National & Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, P. R. China
| | - Hua Fang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Inorganic Oxygenated Materials, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Quan Zhang
- College of Zhicheng, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, P. R. China
| | - Yong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Inorganic Oxygenated Materials, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Qing Liao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Ming Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Peng Chen
- Institure of Optoelectronic Display, National & Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, 350100, P. R. China
| | - Mei-Jin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Inorganic Oxygenated Materials, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
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9
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Ali ML, Khan M, Al Asad MA, Rahaman MZ. Highly efficient and stable lead-free cesium copper halide perovskites for optoelectronic applications: A DFT based study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18816. [PMID: 37576266 PMCID: PMC10415883 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently synthesized industrially significant perovskites C s 3 C u 2 X 5 (X = C l , B r , I ) are subjected to a density functional theory (DFT) investigation utilizing the CASTEP code. This study explores various physical features, including structural, optical, thermodynamic, elastic, mechanical, and electronic properties. There is a strong correlation between the optimized structure parameters and the existing experimental data, which demonstrates the reliability of our DFT-based computations. The band structure and density of states (TDOS and PDOS) analysis revealed that all the studied perovskites are direct band gap semiconductors, and C s 3 C u 2 B r 5 has the smallest band gap (2.092 eV). We also discussed the mechanical and cell stability using the Born stability criterion and formation energy, respectively. The mechanical and dynamic stability of each phase is confirmed by the analysis of the elastic constants. According to the computed values of Pugh's and Poisson's ratios as well as Cauchy's pressure, all of the studied compounds are ductile in nature. The study of density of states, total charge density, and Mulliken atomic populations reveal that all the compounds have complex bonding with both ionic and covalent properties. Finally, utilizing the elastic constant data, the Debye temperatures of C s 3 C u 2 C l 5 , C s 3 C u 2 B r 5 , and C s 3 C u 2 I 5 have been determined as 82.90 K, 100.00 K, and 80.70 K, respectively. The analysis of thermodynamics (relatively low values of both Θ D and K min ) as well as optical properties indicate that all the investigated materials have the potential to serve as thermal barrier coating (TBC) materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Lokman Ali
- Department of Physics, Pabna University of Science and Technology, Pabna, 6600, Bangladesh
| | - Mithun Khan
- Department of Physics, Pabna University of Science and Technology, Pabna, 6600, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abdullah Al Asad
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
| | - Md Zahidur Rahaman
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
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Krawczyk PA, Salamon W, Marzec M, Szuwarzyński M, Pawlak J, Kanak J, Dziubaniuk M, Kubiak WW, Żywczak A. High-Entropy Perovskite Thin Film in the Gd-Nd-Sm-La-Y-Co System: Deposition, Structure and Optoelectronic Properties. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4210. [PMID: 37374394 DOI: 10.3390/ma16124210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Multicomponent equimolar perovskite oxides (ME-POs) have recently emerged as a highly promising class of materials with unique synergistic effects, making them well-suited for applications in such areas as photovoltaics and micro- and nanoelectronics. High-entropy perovskite oxide thin film in the (Gd0.2Nd0.2La0.2Sm0.2Y0.2)CoO3 (RECO, where RE = Gd0.2Nd0.2La0.2Sm0.2Y0.2, C = Co, and O = O3) system was synthesized via pulsed laser deposition. The crystalline growth in an amorphous fused quartz substrate and single-phase composition of the synthesized film was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Surface conductivity and activation energy were determined using a novel technique implementing atomic force microscopy (AFM) in combination with current mapping. The optoelectronic properties of the deposited RECO thin film were characterized using UV/VIS spectroscopy. The energy gap and nature of optical transitions were calculated using the Inverse Logarithmic Derivative (ILD) and four-point resistance method, suggesting direct allowed transitions with altered dispersions. The narrow energy gap of RECO, along with its relatively high absorption properties in the visible spectrum, positions it as a promising candidate for further exploration in the domains of low-energy infrared optics and electrocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel A Krawczyk
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Wojciech Salamon
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Mateusz Marzec
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Michał Szuwarzyński
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Jakub Pawlak
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Jarosław Kanak
- Institute of Electronics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Dziubaniuk
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Władyslaw W Kubiak
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Antoni Żywczak
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
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11
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Cao Z, Sun B, Zhou G, Mao S, Zhu S, Zhang J, Ke C, Zhao Y, Shao J. Memristor-based neural networks: a bridge from device to artificial intelligence. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2023; 8:716-745. [PMID: 36946082 DOI: 10.1039/d2nh00536k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Since the beginning of the 21st century, there is no doubt that the importance of artificial intelligence has been highlighted in many fields, among which the memristor-based artificial neural network technology is expected to break through the limitation of von Neumann so as to realize the replication of the human brain by enabling strong parallel computing ability and efficient data processing and become an important way towards the next generation of artificial intelligence. A new type of nanodevice, namely memristor, which is based on the variability of its resistance value, not only has very important applications in nonvolatile information storage, but also presents obsessive progressiveness in highly integrated circuits, making it one of the most promising circuit components in the post-Moore era. In particular, memristors can effectively simulate neural synapses and build neural networks; thus, they can be applied for the preparation of various artificial intelligence systems. This study reviews the research progress of memristors in artificial neural networks in detail and highlights the structural advantages and frontier applications of neural networks based on memristors. Finally, some urgent problems and challenges in current research are summarized and corresponding solutions and future development trends are put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelin Cao
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China.
- Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Applied Technology of Controllable Neutron Source, School of Science, Xijing University, Xi'an 710123, China
| | - Bai Sun
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China.
| | - Guangdong Zhou
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Brain-inspired Computing & Intelligent Control of Chongqing Key Lab, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shuangsuo Mao
- Fujian Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced High-Field Superconducting Materials and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, China
| | - Shouhui Zhu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Electrical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
| | - Chuan Ke
- School of Electrical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Fujian Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced High-Field Superconducting Materials and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
- School of Electrical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
| | - Jinyou Shao
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China.
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12
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Wang Y, Xu N, Yuan Y, Zhang W, Huang Q, Tang X, Qi F. Achieving adjustable digital-to-analog conversion in memristors with embedded Cs 2AgSbBr 6 nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:7344-7351. [PMID: 37038924 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr06370k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the proportions of Cs2AgSbBr6 nanoparticles (NPs) mixed in a PMMA film are adjusted to the digital and analog types of resistive switching (RS) behaviors in Ag/PMMA&Cs2AgSbBr6-NPs/ITO memristor devices. It is confirmed that when the concentration of NPs doped in the PMMA film is about 5 wt%, the memristor devices demonstrate bipolar digital RS behaviors with excellent electrical characteristics such as low operating voltage, high ON/OFF ratio (>500), good endurance (>800 cycles), and stable retention ability (>104 s). However, the devices showed a transition to analog-type memristive behavior when the concentration of NPs doped in the PMMA film is around 10 wt%, and several artificial synapse behaviors are successfully simulated. The device model simulation is also used to explore the effect of the NPs on the local electric field and growing filaments. Our work provides an opportunity to explore next-generation artificial synapse devices based on lead-free halide perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchan Wang
- Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China.
| | - Nannan Xu
- Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China.
| | - Yiming Yuan
- Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China.
| | - Wenxia Zhang
- Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China.
| | - Qiang Huang
- Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China.
| | - Xiaosheng Tang
- Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China.
| | - Fei Qi
- Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China.
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13
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Dong Z, Hua Q, Xi J, Shi Y, Huang T, Dai X, Niu J, Wang B, Wang ZL, Hu W. Ultrafast and Low-Power 2D Bi 2O 2Se Memristors for Neuromorphic Computing Applications. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:3842-3850. [PMID: 37093653 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Memristors that emulate synaptic plasticity are building blocks for opening a new era of energy-efficient neuromorphic computing architecture, which will overcome the limitation of the von Neumann bottleneck. Layered two-dimensional (2D) Bi2O2Se, as an emerging material for next-generation electronics, is of great significance in improving the efficiency and performance of memristive devices. Herein, high-quality Bi2O2Se nanosheets are grown by configuring mica substrates face-down on the Bi2O2Se powder. Then, bipolar Bi2O2Se memristors are fabricated with excellent performance including ultrafast switching speed (<5 ns) and low-power consumption (<3.02 pJ). Moreover, synaptic plasticity, such as long-term potentiation/depression (LTP/LTD), paired-pulse facilitation (PPF), and spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP), are demonstrated in the Bi2O2Se memristor. Furthermore, MNIST recognition with simulated artificial neural networks (ANN) based on conductance modification could reach a high accuracy of 91%. Notably, the 2D Bi2O2Se enables the memristor to possess ultrafast and low-power attributes, showing great potential in neuromorphic computing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Dong
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qilin Hua
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jianguo Xi
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
| | - Yuanhong Shi
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tianci Huang
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinhuan Dai
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianan Niu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bingjun Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Weiguo Hu
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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14
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Jang C, Kim K, Nho HW, Lee SM, Mubarok H, Han JH, Kim H, Lee D, Jang Y, Lee MH, Kwon OH, Kwak SK, Im WB, Song MH, Park J. Synthesis of Thermally Stable and Highly Luminescent Cs 5 Cu 3 Cl 6 I 2 Nanocrystals with Nonlinear Optical Response. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206668. [PMID: 36703517 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Low-dimensional Cu(I)-based metal halide materials are gaining attention due to their low toxicity, high stability and unique luminescence mechanism, which is mediated by self-trapped excitons (STEs). Among them, Cs5 Cu3 Cl6 I2 , which emits blue light, is a promising candidate for applications as a next-generation blue-emitting material. In this article, an optimized colloidal process to synthesize uniform Cs5 Cu3 Cl6 I2 nanocrystals (NCs) with a superior quantum yield (QY) is proposed. In addition, precise control of the synthesis parameters, enabling anisotropic growth and emission wavelength shifting is demonstrated. The synthesized Cs5 Cu3 Cl6 I2 NCs have an excellent photoluminescence (PL) retention rate, even at high temperature, and exhibit high stability over multiple heating-cooling cycles under ambient conditions. Moreover, under 850-nm femtosecond laser irradiation, the NCs exhibit three-photon absorption (3PA)-induced PL, highlighting the possibility of utilizing their nonlinear optical properties. Such thermally stable and highly luminescent Cs5 Cu3 Cl6 I2 NCs with nonlinear optical properties overcome the limitations of conventional blue-emitting nanomaterials. These findings provide insights into the mechanism of the colloidal synthesis of Cs5 Cu3 Cl6 I2 NCs and a foundation for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhee Jang
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Kangyong Kim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak-Won Nho
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Min Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanif Mubarok
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hyeong Han
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonjung Kim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongryeol Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yangpil Jang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hyung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Oh-Hoon Kwon
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kyu Kwak
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Bin Im
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Hoon Song
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongnam Park
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
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15
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Seok H, Son S, Jathar SB, Lee J, Kim T. Synapse-Mimetic Hardware-Implemented Resistive Random-Access Memory for Artificial Neural Network. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:3118. [PMID: 36991829 PMCID: PMC10058286 DOI: 10.3390/s23063118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Memristors mimic synaptic functions in advanced electronics and image sensors, thereby enabling brain-inspired neuromorphic computing to overcome the limitations of the von Neumann architecture. As computing operations based on von Neumann hardware rely on continuous memory transport between processing units and memory, fundamental limitations arise in terms of power consumption and integration density. In biological synapses, chemical stimulation induces information transfer from the pre- to the post-neuron. The memristor operates as resistive random-access memory (RRAM) and is incorporated into the hardware for neuromorphic computing. Hardware composed of synaptic memristor arrays is expected to lead to further breakthroughs owing to their biomimetic in-memory processing capabilities, low power consumption, and amenability to integration; these aspects satisfy the upcoming demands of artificial intelligence for higher computational loads. Among the tremendous efforts toward achieving human-brain-like electronics, layered 2D materials have demonstrated significant potential owing to their outstanding electronic and physical properties, facile integration with other materials, and low-power computing. This review discusses the memristive characteristics of various 2D materials (heterostructures, defect-engineered materials, and alloy materials) used in neuromorphic computing for image segregation or pattern recognition. Neuromorphic computing, the most powerful artificial networks for complicated image processing and recognition, represent a breakthrough in artificial intelligence owing to their enhanced performance and lower power consumption compared with von Neumann architectures. A hardware-implemented CNN with weight control based on synaptic memristor arrays is expected to be a promising candidate for future electronics in society, offering a solution based on non-von Neumann hardware. This emerging paradigm changes the computing algorithm using entirely hardware-connected edge computing and deep neural networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunho Seok
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Shihoon Son
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sagar Bhaurao Jathar
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewon Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Taesung Kim
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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16
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Xue Z, Xu Y, Jin C, Liang Y, Cai Z, Sun J. Halide perovskite photoelectric artificial synapses: materials, devices, and applications. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:4653-4668. [PMID: 36805124 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr06403k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a research boom on halide perovskites (HPs) whose outstanding performance in photovoltaic and optoelectronic fields is obvious to all. In particular, HP materials find application in the development of artificial synapses. HP-based synapses have great potential for artificial neuromorphic systems, which is due to their outstanding optoelectronic properties, femtojoule-level energy consumption, and simple fabrication process. In this review, we present the physical properties of HPs and describe two types of synaptic devices including two-terminal (2T) memristors and three-terminal (3T) transistors. The HP layer in 2T memristors can realize the change in the device conductance through physical mechanisms dominated by ion migration. On the other hand, HPs in 3T transistors can be used as efficient light-absorbing layers and rely on some special device structures to provide reliable current changes. In the final section of the article, we discuss some of the existing applications of HP-based synapses and bottlenecks to be solved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyang Xue
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South, University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China
| | - Yunchao Xu
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South, University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China
| | - Chenxing Jin
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South, University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China
| | - Yihuan Liang
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South, University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China
| | - Zihao Cai
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South, University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China
| | - Jia Sun
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South, University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China
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17
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Gonzales C, Guerrero A. Mechanistic and Kinetic Analysis of Perovskite Memristors with Buffer Layers: The Case of a Two-Step Set Process. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:1395-1402. [PMID: 36738280 PMCID: PMC9940207 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing demand for artificially intelligent hardware systems for brain-inspired in-memory and neuromorphic computing, understanding the underlying mechanisms in the resistive switching of memristor devices is of paramount importance. Here, we demonstrate a two-step resistive switching set process involving a complex interplay among mobile halide ions/vacancies (I-/VI+) and silver ions (Ag+) in perovskite-based memristors with thin undoped buffer layers. The resistive switching involves an initial gradual increase in current associated with a drift-related halide migration within the perovskite bulk layer followed by an abrupt resistive switching associated with diffusion of mobile Ag+ conductive filamentary formation. Furthermore, we develop a dynamical model that explains the characteristic I-V curve that helps to untangle and quantify the switching regimes consistent with the experimental memristive response. This further insight into the two-step set process provides another degree of freedom in device design for versatile applications with varying levels of complexity.
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18
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Chen X, Wang X, Pang Y, Bao G, Jiang J, Yang P, Chen Y, Rao T, Liao W. Printed Electronics Based on 2D Material Inks: Preparation, Properties, and Applications toward Memristors. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2201156. [PMID: 36610015 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Printed electronics, which fabricate electrical components and circuits on various substrates by leveraging functional inks and advanced printing technologies, have recently attracted tremendous attention due to their capability of large-scale, high-speed, and cost-effective manufacturing and also their great potential in flexible and wearable devices. To further achieve multifunctional, practical, and commercial applications, various printing technologies toward smarter pattern-design, higher resolution, greater production flexibility, and novel ink formulations toward multi-functionalities and high quality have been insensitively investigated. 2D materials, possessing atomically thin thickness, unique properties and excellent solution-processable ability, hold great potential for high-quality inks. Besides, the great variety of 2D materials ranging from metals, semiconductors to insulators offers great freedom to formulate versatile inks to construct various printed electronics. Here, a detailed review of the progress on 2D material inks formulation and its printed applications has been provided, specifically with an emphasis on emerging printed memristors. Finally, the challenges facing the field and prospects of 2D material inks and printed electronics are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopei Chen
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Xiongfeng Wang
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Yudong Pang
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Guocheng Bao
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Peng Yang
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- College of Integrated Circuits and Optoelectronic Chips, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518118, China
| | - Yuankang Chen
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Tingke Rao
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Wugang Liao
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
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19
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Kang K, Niu W, Zhang Y, Li A, Zou X, Hu W. Dual Resistive Switching Performance Derived from Ionic Migration in Halide Perovskite Based Memory. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:347-353. [PMID: 36606717 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report an environmentally stable and friendly halide perovskite based resistive random access memory device with an Ag/PMMA/(PMA)2CuBr4/FTO (PMMA = poly(methyl methacrylate); PMA = C6H5CH2NH3) architecture. The device exhibits the coexistence of two bipolar resistive switching modes, including counterclockwise and clockwise switching characteristics. The devices with both switching modes show stable endurance (>100 cycles) and long retention performance (>104 s). By applying a suitable electrical stimulation, the counterclockwise and clockwise switching behaviors are interconvertible. Furthermore, the Au/PMMA/(PMA)2CuBr4/FTO and Ag/(PMA)2CuBr4/FTO devices were fabricated to verify the origin of dual resistive switching behaviors. The similar dual resistive switching behaviors after electroforming processes of three types of memory devices suggest that the interconvertible dual resistive switching characteristics could be attributed to the ionic migration in the (PMA)2CuBr4 perovskite layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijin Kang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of the Education Ministry of China, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Wen Niu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of the Education Ministry of China, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yanming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of the Education Ministry of China, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Anlin Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of the Education Ministry of China, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xingze Zou
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of the Education Ministry of China, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of the Education Ministry of China, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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20
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Yuan Y, Wang Y, Tang X, Zhang N, Zhang W. Enhanced Resistive Switching Performance through Air-Stable Cu 2AgSbI 6 Thin Films for Flexible and Multilevel Storage Application. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:53990-53998. [PMID: 36413801 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c15332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Herein, the lead-free halide perovskite films with different Cu-to-Ag ratios (Cu3-xAgxSbI6, x = 0, 1, 2, or 3) have been prepared by a spin-coating method at low temperature. The enhanced resistive switching (RS) performance of more uniform SET/RESET voltages and the endurance up to at least 1600 cycles are found in the RS memory with a device structure of Ag/PMMA/Cu2AgSbI6/ITO. The device performance is not degraded under different bending angles and after 103 bending cycles, which is beneficial for flexible memory applications. The appropriately increased activation energy of the perovskites with the partial substitution of Ag atoms, which would lead to a more robust filament formed, is proposed to explain the enhanced RS mechanism. Importantly, the effective size and number of filaments measured by conductive AFM are introduced to confirm the multilevel storage effect of Cu2AgSbI6. The multilevel storage characteristics with four resistance levels are demonstrated by various compliance currents. Moreover, the Cu2AgSbI6 memory devices still exhibit enhanced RS properties and multilevel storage after 75 days of exposure to ambient conditions. Our study provides a strategy for improving the stability and high-density storage applications of halide perovskite RS memory devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Yuan
- Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Yuchan Wang
- Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Xiaosheng Tang
- Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Wenxia Zhang
- Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
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21
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Prabhu S, Bharadwaj DY, Bubbly S, Gudennavar S. Lead-free inorganic metal perovskites beyond photovoltaics: Photon, charged particles and neutron shielding applications. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2022.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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22
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Hu Y, Yan X, Zhou L, Chen P, Pang Q, Chen Y. Improved Energy Transfer in Mn-Doped Cs 3Cu 2I 5 Microcrystals Induced by Localized Lattice Distortion. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:10786-10792. [PMID: 36374550 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
With nontoxicity and high emission efficiency, luminescent copper(I)-based halides have attracted much attention as alternatives for lead-based perovskites in photoelectric domains. However, extending the emission wavelength by doping with Mn2+ in a facile way is still a challenge. In this work, Mn2+-doped Cs3Cu2I5 microcrystals were synthesized by a mild solution method, and double emission bands from self-trapped excitons (STEs) and Mn2+ peaking at 445 and 560 nm, respectively, were observed. More importantly, further introduction of alkali metal ions (Rb+, K+, Na+) considerably promoted the luminescence performance of the Cs3Cu2I5-Mn microcrystals. The STE → Mn2+ energy transfer efficiency of the typical sample doped with Na+ increased from ∼0 to 21.30%, and the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) increased from 47.32% to 62.06%. The detailed structural and optical characterizations combined with DFT calculations proved that the doping with alkali metal ions causes lattice distortion and enhances the coupling between [MnI4] and [CuI4] tetrahedra, thus promoting the energy transfer efficiency and the PLQY.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangxiang Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi530004, P. R. China
| | - Xinxin Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi530004, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou510006, P. R. China
| | - Liya Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi530004, P. R. China
| | - Peican Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi530004, P. R. China
| | - Qi Pang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi530004, P. R. China
| | - Yibo Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou510006, P. R. China
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23
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Thien GH, Ab Rahman M, Yap BK, Tan NML, He Z, Low PL, Devaraj NK, Ahmad Osman AF, Sin YK, Chan KY. Recent Advances in Halide Perovskite Resistive Switching Memory Devices: A Transformation from Lead-Based to Lead-Free Perovskites. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:39472-39481. [PMID: 36385870 PMCID: PMC9648113 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Due to their remarkable electrical and light absorption characteristics, hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites have recently gained popularity in several applications such as optoelectronics, lasers, and light-emitting diodes. Through this, there has recently been an increase in the use of halide perovskites (HPs) in resistive switching (RS) devices. However, lead-based (Pb-based) perovskites are notorious for being unstable and harmful to the environment. As a result, lead-free (Pb-free) perovskite alternatives are being investigated in achieving the long-term and sustainable use of RS devices. This work describes the characteristics of Pb-based and Pb-free perovskite RS devices. It also presents the recent advancements of HP RS devices, including the selection strategies of perovskite structures. In terms of resistive qualities, the directions of both HPs appear to be identical. Following that, the possible impact of switching from Pb-based to Pb-free HPs is examined to determine the requirement in RS devices. Finally, this work discusses the opportunities and challenges of HP RS devices in creating a stable, efficient, and sustainable memory storage technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory
Soon How Thien
- Centre
for Advanced Devices and Systems, Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia University, Persiaran Multimedia, 63100 Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Marlinda Ab Rahman
- Nanotechnology
and Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Boon Kar Yap
- Electronic
and Communications Department, College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, 43000 Kajang, Selangor Malaysia
- Institute
of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga
Nasional, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
- International
School of Advanced Materials, South China
University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, 510640 Guangzhou, Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Nadia Mei Lin Tan
- Key Laboratory
of More Electric Aircraft Technology of Zhejiang Province, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, 315100 Ningbo, People’s Republic of China
- Institute
of Power Engineering, Universiti Tenaga
Nasional, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zhicai He
- Institute
of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Materials
Science & Engineering, South China University
of Technology, 381 Wushan
Road, Tianhe District, 510640Guangzhou, Guangdong Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Pei-Ling Low
- Centre
for Advanced Devices and Systems, Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia University, Persiaran Multimedia, 63100 Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nisha Kumari Devaraj
- Centre
for Advanced Devices and Systems, Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia University, Persiaran Multimedia, 63100 Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Farimin Ahmad Osman
- Centre
for Advanced Devices and Systems, Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia University, Persiaran Multimedia, 63100 Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yew-Keong Sin
- Centre
for Advanced Devices and Systems, Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia University, Persiaran Multimedia, 63100 Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kah-Yoong Chan
- Centre
for Advanced Devices and Systems, Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia University, Persiaran Multimedia, 63100 Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
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24
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Wang W, Gao S, Wang Y, Li Y, Yue W, Niu H, Yin F, Guo Y, Shen G. Advances in Emerging Photonic Memristive and Memristive-Like Devices. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105577. [PMID: 35945187 PMCID: PMC9534950 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Possessing the merits of high efficiency, low consumption, and versatility, emerging photonic memristive and memristive-like devices exhibit an attractive future in constructing novel neuromorphic computing and miniaturized bionic electronic system. Recently, the potential of various emerging materials and structures for photonic memristive and memristive-like devices has attracted tremendous research efforts, generating various novel theories, mechanisms, and applications. Limited by the ambiguity of the mechanism and the reliability of the material, the development and commercialization of such devices are still rare and in their infancy. Therefore, a detailed and systematic review of photonic memristive and memristive-like devices is needed to further promote its development. In this review, the resistive switching mechanisms of photonic memristive and memristive-like devices are first elaborated. Then, a systematic investigation of the active materials, which induce a pivotal influence in the overall performance of photonic memristive and memristive-like devices, is highlighted and evaluated in various indicators. Finally, the recent advanced applications are summarized and discussed. In a word, it is believed that this review provides an extensive impact on many fields of photonic memristive and memristive-like devices, and lay a foundation for academic research and commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiao Wang
- School of Information Science and EngineeringShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent ComputingUniversity of JinanJinan250022China
| | - Song Gao
- School of Information Science and EngineeringShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent ComputingUniversity of JinanJinan250022China
| | - Yaqi Wang
- School of Information Science and EngineeringShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent ComputingUniversity of JinanJinan250022China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Information Science and EngineeringShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent ComputingUniversity of JinanJinan250022China
| | - Wenjing Yue
- School of Information Science and EngineeringShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent ComputingUniversity of JinanJinan250022China
| | - Hongsen Niu
- School of Information Science and EngineeringShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent ComputingUniversity of JinanJinan250022China
| | - Feifei Yin
- School of Information Science and EngineeringShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent ComputingUniversity of JinanJinan250022China
| | - Yunjian Guo
- School of Information Science and EngineeringShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent ComputingUniversity of JinanJinan250022China
| | - Guozhen Shen
- School of Integrated Circuits and ElectronicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
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25
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Huang F, Ge S, Wei R, He J, Ma X, Tao J, Lu Q, Mo X, Wang C, Pan C. Flexible Threshold Switching Based on CsCu 2I 3 with Low Threshold Voltage and High Air Stability. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:43474-43481. [PMID: 36098632 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c09904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Halide perovskites featuring remarkable optoelectronic properties hold great potential for threshold switching devices (TSDs) that are of primary importance to next-generation memristors and neuromorphic computers. However, such devices are still in their infancy due to the unsolved challenges of high threshold voltage, poor stability, and lead-containing features. Herein, a unipolar TSD based on an all-inorganic halide perovskite of CsCu2I3 is demonstrated, exhibiting the fascinating attributes of a low threshold voltage of 0.54 V, a high ON/OFF ratio of 104, robust air stability over 70 days, a steep switching slope of 6.2 mV·decade-1, and lead-free composition. Moreover, the threshold voltage can be further reduced to 0.23 V using UV illumination to reduce the barrier of iodide ion migration. The multilevel threshold switching behavior can be realized through the modulation of either the compliance current or the scan rate. The TSD with mechanical compliance and transparency is also demonstrated. This work enriches TSDs with expanded perovskite materials, boosting the related applications of this emerging class of device families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengchang Huang
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, P. R. China
| | - Shuaipeng Ge
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Ruilai Wei
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi He
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiaole Ma
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, P. R. China
| | - Juan Tao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Qiuchun Lu
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoming Mo
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
| | - Chunfeng Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Caofeng Pan
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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26
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Guan X, Lei Z, Yu X, Lin CH, Huang JK, Huang CY, Hu L, Li F, Vinu A, Yi J, Wu T. Low-Dimensional Metal-Halide Perovskites as High-Performance Materials for Memory Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2203311. [PMID: 35989093 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202203311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Metal-halide perovskites have drawn profuse attention during the past decade, owing to their excellent electrical and optical properties, facile synthesis, efficient energy conversion, and so on. Meanwhile, the development of information storage technologies and digital communications has fueled the demand for novel semiconductor materials. Low-dimensional perovskites have offered a new force to propel the developments of the memory field due to the excellent physical and electrical properties associated with the reduced dimensionality. In this review, the mechanisms, properties, as well as stability and performance of low-dimensional perovskite memories, involving both molecular-level perovskites and structure-level nanostructures, are comprehensively reviewed. The property-performance correlation is discussed in-depth, aiming to present effective strategies for designing memory devices based on this new class of high-performance materials. Finally, the existing challenges and future opportunities are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, 2308, Australia
| | - Zhihao Lei
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, 2308, Australia
| | - Xuechao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nanotech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Science, 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Chun-Ho Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Jing-Kai Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Chien-Yu Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Long Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Feng Li
- School of Physics, Nano Institute, ACMM, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Ajayan Vinu
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, 2308, Australia
| | - Jiabao Yi
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, 2308, Australia
| | - Tom Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
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27
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Liu B, Lai J, Wu D, Li L, Kang K, Hu W, Tang X. High-Performance Resistive Random Access Memories Based on Two-Dimensional HAPbI 4 Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:7653-7659. [PMID: 35959984 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites have attracted extensive attention for potential memory applications because of their excellent properties, such as high charge carrier mobility and fast ion migration. Herein, the two-dimensional HAPbI4 perovskite with an octahedral structure and high stability was prepared by a facile solution method. Moreover, the resistive random access memory (RRAM) with the Ag/PMMA/HAPbI4/ITO structure has been successfully fabricated by spin coating and vacuum thermal evaporation. The as-prepared RRAM device based on HAPbI4 demonstrated superior resistive switching performance. The on/off ratio is as high as 105, and the corresponding retention of the device exceeds 10 000 s; furthermore, the RRAM device could be kept stable after being kept in the air for 24 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binglin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Junan Lai
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Daofu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Liye Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaijin Kang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaosheng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People's Republic of China
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28
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Su TK, Cheng WK, Chen CY, Wang WC, Chuang YT, Tan GH, Lin HC, Hou CH, Liu CM, Chang YC, Shyue JJ, Wu KC, Lin HW. Room-Temperature Fabricated Multilevel Nonvolatile Lead-Free Cesium Halide Memristors for Reconfigurable In-Memory Computing. ACS NANO 2022; 16:12979-12990. [PMID: 35815946 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c05436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recently, conductive-bridging memristors based on metal halides, such as halide perovskites, have been demonstrated as promising components for brain-inspired hardware-based neuromorphic computing. However, realizing devices that simultaneously fulfill all of the key merits (low operating voltage, high dynamic range, multilevel nonvolatile storage capability, and good endurance) remains a great challenge. Herein, we describe lead-free cesium halide memristors incorporating a MoOX interfacial layer as a type of conductive-bridging memristor. With this design, we obtained highly uniform and reproducible memristors that exhibited all-around resistive switching characteristics: ultralow operating voltages (<0.18 V), low variations (<30 mV), long retention times (>106 s), high endurance (>105, full on/off cycles), record-high on/off ratios (>1010, smaller devices having areas <5 × 10-4 mm2), fast switching (<200 ns), and multilevel programming abilities (>64 states). With these memristors, we successfully implemented stateful logic functions in a reconfigurable architecture and accomplished a high classification accuracy (ca. 90%) in the simulated hand-written-digits classification task, suggesting their versatility in future in-memory computing applications. In addition, we exploited the room-temperature fabrication of the devices to construct a fully functional three-dimensional stack of memristors, which demonstrates their potential of high-density integration desired for data-intensive neuromorphic computing. High-performance, environmentally friendly cesium halide memristors provide opportunities toward next-generation electronics beyond von Neumann architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Kai Su
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Kai Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yueh Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Tang Chuang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Guang-Hsun Tan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Cheng Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hung Hou
- Research Center for Applied Science Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Min Liu
- Department of Computer Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chu Chang
- Department of Computer Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Jong Shyue
- Research Center for Applied Science Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chiang Wu
- Department of Computer Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Wu Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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29
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Kwak KJ, Baek JH, Lee DE, Im IH, Kim J, Kim SJ, Lee YJ, Kim JY, Jang HW. Ambient Stable All Inorganic CsCu 2I 3 Artificial Synapses for Neurocomputing. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:6010-6017. [PMID: 35675157 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In resistive switching memories or artificial synaptic devices, halide perovskites have attracted attention for their unusual features such as rapid ion migration, adjustable composition, and facile synthesis. Herein, the environmentally friendly and highly air stable CsCu2I3 perovskite films are used as the active layer in the Au/CsCu2I3/ITO/glass artificial synapses. The device shows variable synaptic plasticities such as long-term and short-term synaptic plasticity, paired-pulse facilitation, and spike-timing-dependent plasticity by combining potentiation and depression along the formation of conductive filaments. The performances of the devices are maintained for 160 days under ambient conditions. Additionally, the accuracy evaluation of the CsCu2I3-based artificial synapses performs exceptionally well with the MNIST and Fashion MNIST data sets, demonstrating high learning accuracy in deep neural networks. Using the novel B-site engineered halide perovskite material with extreme air stability, this study paves the way for artificial synaptic devices for next-generation in-memory hardware.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Ju Kwak
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Baek
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Eun Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - In Hyuk Im
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ju Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jung Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Won Jang
- Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea
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30
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Mao S, Sun B, Zhou G, Guo T, Wang J, Zhao Y. Applications of biomemristors in next generation wearable electronics. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2022; 7:822-848. [PMID: 35697026 DOI: 10.1039/d2nh00163b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of mobile internet and artificial intelligence, wearable electronic devices have a great market prospect. In particular, information storage and processing of real-time collected data are an indispensable part of wearable electronic devices. Biomaterial-based memristive systems are suitable for storage and processing of the obtained information in wearable electronics due to the accompanying merits, i.e. sustainability, lightweight, degradability, low power consumption, flexibility and biocompatibility. So far, many biomaterial-based flexible and wearable memristive devices were prepared by spin coating or other technologies on a flexible substrate at room temperature. However, mechanical deformation caused by mechanical mismatch between devices and soft tissues leads to the instability of device performance. From the current research and practical application, the device will face great challenges when adapting to different working environments. In fact, some interesting studies have been performed to address the above issues while they were not intensively highlighted and overviewed. Herein, the progress in wearable biomemristive devices is reviewed, and the outlook and perspectives are provided in consideration of the existing challenges during the development of wearable biomemristive systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangsuo Mao
- Fujian Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced High-Field Superconducting Materials and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, China.
- College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 351007, China
| | - Bai Sun
- Fujian Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced High-Field Superconducting Materials and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, China.
- College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 351007, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
- Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
| | - Guangdong Zhou
- Scholl of Artificial Intelligence, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Tao Guo
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Centre for Advanced Materials Joining, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Jiangqiu Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
- Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Fujian Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced High-Field Superconducting Materials and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, China.
- College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 351007, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
- Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
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31
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Lv J, Lu X, Li X, Xu M, Zhong J, Zheng X, Shi Y, Zhang X, Zhang Q. Epitaxial Growth of Lead-Free 2D Cs 3 Cu 2 I 5 Perovskites for High-Performance UV Photodetectors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2201715. [PMID: 35638459 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202201715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The all-inorganic lead-free Cu-based halide perovskites represented by the Cs-Cu-I system, have sparked extensive interest recently due to their impressive photophysical characteristics. However, successive works on their potential application in light emission diodes and photodetectors rely on tiny polycrystals, in which the grain boundaries and defects may lead to the performance degradation of their embodied devices. Here, 2D all-inorganic perovskite Cs3 Cu2 I5 single crystals are epitaxially grown on mica substrates, with a thickness down to 10 nm. The strong blue emission of the Cs3 Cu2 I5 flakes may originate from the radiative transition of self-trapped excitons associated with a large Stocks shift and long (microsecond) decay time. Ultravioelt (UV) photodetectors based on individual Cs3 Cu2 I5 nanosheets are fabricated via a swift and etching-free dry transfer approach, which reveal a high responsivity of 3.78 A W-1 (270 nm, 5 V bias), as well as a fast response speed (τrise ≈163 ms, τdecay ≈203 ms), outperforming congeneric UV sensors based on other 2D metal halide perovskites. This work therefore sheds light on the fabrication of green optoelectronic devices based on lead-free 2D perovskites, vital for the sustainable development of photoelectric technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Lv
- Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Xinyue Lu
- Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Minxuan Xu
- Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Jiasong Zhong
- Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Yueqin Shi
- Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Zhang
- Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
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32
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Park Y, Lee JS. Metal Halide Perovskite-Based Memristors for Emerging Memory Applications. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:5638-5647. [PMID: 35708321 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
There is an increased demand for next-generation memory devices with high density and fast operation speed to replace conventional memory devices. Memristors are promising candidates for next-generation memory devices because of their scalability, stable data retention, low power consumption, and fast operation. Among the various types of memristors, halide perovskites exhibit potential as emerging materials for memristors by using hysteresis based on the movement of defects or ions in halide perovskites. However, research on the implementation of perovskite materials as memristors is in its early stages; some challenges and problems must be solved to enable the practical application of halide perovskites for next-generation memory devices. From this perspective, we highlight the recent progress in memristors that use halide perovskites. Moreover, we introduce a strategy to enhance the performance and analyze the operation mechanism of memory devices that use halide perovskites. Finally, we summarize the challenges in the development of device technology to use halide perovskites in next-generation memory devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngjun Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Sik Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
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33
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Zhang H, Wang Z, Wang Z, He B, Chen M, Qi M, Liu Y, Xin J, Wei L. Recent progress of fiber-based transistors: materials, structures and applications. FRONTIERS OF OPTOELECTRONICS 2022; 15:2. [PMID: 36637572 PMCID: PMC9756263 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-022-00002-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Wearable electronics on fibers or fabrics assembled with electronic functions provide a platform for sensors, displays, circuitry, and computation. These new conceptual devices are human-friendly and programmable, which makes them indispensable for modern electronics. Their unique properties such as being adaptable in daily life, as well as being lightweight and flexible, have enabled many promising applications in robotics, healthcare, and the Internet of Things (IoT). Transistors, one of the fundamental blocks in electronic systems, allow for signal processing and computing. Therefore, study leading to integration of transistors with fabrics has become intensive. Here, several aspects of fiber-based transistors are addressed, including materials, system structures, and their functional devices such as sensory, logical circuitry, memory devices as well as neuromorphic computation. Recently reported advances in development and challenges to realizing fully integrated electronic textile (e-textile) systems are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haozhe Zhang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zhe Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zhixun Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Bing He
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Mengxiao Chen
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Miao Qi
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yanting Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jiwu Xin
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
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Cheng YH, Suzuki R, Shinotsuka N, Ebe H, Oshita N, Yamakado R, Chiba T, Masuhara A, Kido J. Gel permeation chromatography process for highly oriented Cs 3Cu 2I 5 nanocrystal film. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4620. [PMID: 35301429 PMCID: PMC8931108 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08760-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of green materials has attracted considerable attention in the field of optoelectronics. Copper-based lead-free metal halide (with a near-unity quantum yield) obtained from Cs3Cu2I5 nanocrystals (NCs) can exhibit blue emission with a wavelength of 440 nm and provide outstanding stability for various applications. However, in practical applications, colloidal dispersion purity and film quality are inadequate toward a high-performance device. In this study, antisolvent-free gel permeation chromatography is used to purify Cs3Cu2I5 NCs. The purified Cs3Cu2I5 NCs exhibit a high photoluminescent quantum yield and provide a highly oriented single-crystal film. Density functional theory calculation results indicate that the iodide-rich surface in the NCs makes them highly stable. In addition, it has been demonstrated for the first time that the mixture of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and Cs3Cu2I5 NCs has waterproofing capabilities. The composite film consisting of Cs3Cu2I5 NCs and PMMA can survive in water for several days. This result opens up more possibilities for the application of these green material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hong Cheng
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata, 992-8510, Japan
| | - Rikuo Suzuki
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata, 992-8510, Japan
| | - Narumi Shinotsuka
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata, 992-8510, Japan
| | - Hinako Ebe
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata, 992-8510, Japan
| | - Naoaki Oshita
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata, 992-8510, Japan
| | - Ryohei Yamakado
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata, 992-8510, Japan
| | - Takayuki Chiba
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata, 992-8510, Japan.
| | - Akito Masuhara
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata, 992-8510, Japan
| | - Junji Kido
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata, 992-8510, Japan.
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35
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Liu Q, Gao S, Xu L, Yue W, Zhang C, Kan H, Li Y, Shen G. Nanostructured perovskites for nonvolatile memory devices. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:3341-3379. [PMID: 35293907 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00886b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Perovskite materials have driven tremendous advances in constructing electronic devices owing to their low cost, facile synthesis, outstanding electric and optoelectronic properties, flexible dimensionality engineering, and so on. Particularly, emerging nonvolatile memory devices (eNVMs) based on perovskites give birth to numerous traditional paradigm terminators in the fields of storage and computation. Despite significant exploration efforts being devoted to perovskite-based high-density storage and neuromorphic electronic devices, research studies on materials' dimensionality that has dominant effects on perovskite electronics' performances are paid little attention; therefore, a review from the point of view of structural morphologies of perovskites is essential for constructing perovskite-based devices. Here, recent advances of perovskite-based eNVMs (memristors and field-effect-transistors) are reviewed in terms of the dimensionality of perovskite materials and their potentialities in storage or neuromorphic computing. The corresponding material preparation methods, device structures, working mechanisms, and unique features are showcased and evaluated in detail. Furthermore, a broad spectrum of advanced technologies (e.g., hardware-based neural networks, in-sensor computing, logic operation, physical unclonable functions, and true random number generator), which are successfully achieved for perovskite-based electronics, are investigated. It is obvious that this review will provide benchmarks for designing high-quality perovskite-based electronics for application in storage, neuromorphic computing, artificial intelligence, information security, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- School of Information Science and Engineering & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent Computing, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Song Gao
- School of Information Science and Engineering & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent Computing, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Lei Xu
- School of Information Science and Engineering & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent Computing, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Wenjing Yue
- School of Information Science and Engineering & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent Computing, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Chunwei Zhang
- School of Information Science and Engineering & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent Computing, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Hao Kan
- School of Information Science and Engineering & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent Computing, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Yang Li
- School of Information Science and Engineering & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent Computing, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China. .,State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures Institute of Semiconductors & Chinese Academy of Sciences and Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Guozhen Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures Institute of Semiconductors & Chinese Academy of Sciences and Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China.
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36
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Park Y, Lee JS. Controlling the Grain Size of Dion-Jacobson-Phase Two-Dimensional Layered Perovskite for Memory Application. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:4371-4377. [PMID: 35014262 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic halide perovskites (OIHPs) have emerged as an active layer for resistive switching memory (RSM). Among various OIHPs, two-dimensional OIHPs are advantageous in RSMs because of their stability. This stability can be further improved using two-dimensional Dion-Jacobson OIHPs. Moreover, OIHP-based RSMs operated by the formation of halide-ion filaments are affected by grain boundaries because they can act as a shortcut for ion migration. Therefore, it is essential to control the grains in OIHPs for reliable memory operation. Here, we present RSMs using Dion-Jacobson OIHP with controlled grain sizes. The grain sizes of the OIHP are effectively controlled by adjusting the ratio of the N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide. The controlled grain sizes can modulate the paths for halide ion migration, which enables the change of the on/off ratio in RSM. In addition, cross-point array structure is essential for high-density memory applications. However, in the cross-point array structure, unwanted current flow through unselected memory cells can happen due to sneak-current paths, so it is necessary to suppress leakage current from neighboring cells by adopting selector devices. We demonstrate the application of selector devices to OIHP-based RSMs to prevent sneak current paths. These results provide the potential of OIHP for use in high-density memory applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngjun Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Sik Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Resistive switching random access memory (RRAM), also known as memristor, is regarded as an emerging nonvolatile memory and computing-in-memory technology to address the intrinsic physical limitations of conventional memory and the bottleneck of von Neumann architecture. In particular, halide perovskite RRAMs have attracted widespread attention in recent years because of their ionic migration nature and excellent photoelectric properties. This Perspective first provides a condensed overview of halide perovskite RRAMs based on materials, device performance, switching mechanism, and potential applications. Moreover, this Perspective attempts to detail the challenges, such as the quality of halide perovskite films, the compatible processing of device fabrication, the reliability of memory performance, and clarification of the switching mechanism, and further discusses how the outstanding challenges of halide perovskite RRAMs could be met in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijin Kang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and System of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and System of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xiaosheng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and System of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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38
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Zhang B, Wu X, Zhou S, Liang G, Hu Q. Self-trapped exciton emission in inorganic copper(I) metal halides. FRONTIERS OF OPTOELECTRONICS 2021; 14:459-472. [PMID: 36637760 PMCID: PMC9743870 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-021-1133-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The broad emission and high photoluminescence quantum yield of self-trapped exciton (STE) radiative recombination emitters make them an ideal solution for single-substrate, white, solid-state lighting sources. Unlike impurities and defects in semiconductors, the formation of STEs requires a lattice distortion, along with strong electron-phonon coupling, in low electron-dimensional materials. The photoluminescence of inorganic copper(I) metal halides with low electron-dimensionality has been found to be the result of STEs. These materials were of significant interest because of their lead-free, all-inorganic structures, and high luminous efficiencies. In this paper, we summarize the luminescence characteristics of zero- and one-dimensional inorganic copper(I) metal halides with STEs to provide an overview of future research opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyu Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441053, China
| | - Xian Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441053, China
| | - Shuxing Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441053, China
| | - Guijie Liang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441053, China
| | - Qingsong Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441053, China.
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39
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Sun B, Zhou G, Sun L, Zhao H, Chen Y, Yang F, Zhao Y, Song Q. ABO 3 multiferroic perovskite materials for memristive memory and neuromorphic computing. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2021; 6:939-970. [PMID: 34652346 DOI: 10.1039/d1nh00292a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The unique electron spin, transfer, polarization and magnetoelectric coupling characteristics of ABO3 multiferroic perovskite materials make them promising candidates for application in multifunctional nanoelectronic devices. Reversible ferroelectric polarization, controllable defect concentration and domain wall movement originated from the ABO3 multiferroic perovskite materials promotes its memristive effect, which further highlights data storage, information processing and neuromorphic computing in diverse artificial intelligence applications. In particular, ion doping, electrode selection, and interface modulation have been demonstrated in ABO3-based memristive devices for ultrahigh data storage, ultrafast information processing, and efficient neuromorphic computing. These approaches presented today including controlling the dopant in the active layer, altering the oxygen vacancy distribution, modulating the diffusion depth of ions, and constructing the interface-dependent band structure were believed to be efficient methods for obtaining unique resistive switching (RS) behavior for various applications. In this review, internal physical dynamics, preparation technologies, and modulation methods are systemically examined as well as the progress, challenges, and possible solutions are proposed for next generation emerging ABO3-based memristive application in artificial intelligence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bai Sun
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials (Ministry of Education of China), Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China.
- Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
| | - Guangdong Zhou
- School of Artificial Intelligence and School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Linfeng Sun
- Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hongbin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing, General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Yuanzheng Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials (Ministry of Education of China), Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China.
| | - Feng Yang
- Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials (Ministry of Education of China), Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China.
- Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
| | - Qunliang Song
- School of Artificial Intelligence and School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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40
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Yang JM, Jung YK, Lee JH, Kim YC, Kim SY, Seo S, Park DA, Kim JH, Jeong SY, Han IT, Park JH, Walsh A, Park NG. Asymmetric carrier transport in flexible interface-type memristor enables artificial synapses with sub-femtojoule energy consumption. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2021; 6:987-997. [PMID: 34668915 DOI: 10.1039/d1nh00452b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Flexible and transparent artificial synapses with extremely low energy consumption have potential for use in brain-like neuromorphic electronics. However, most of the transparent materials for flexible memristive artificial synapses were reported to show picojoule-scale high energy consumption with kiloohm-scale low resistance, which limits the scalability for parallel operation. Here, we report on a flexible memristive artificial synapse based on Cs3Cu2I5 with energy consumption as low as 10.48 aJ (= 10.48 × 10-18 J) μm-2 and resistance as high as 243 MΩ for writing pulses. Interface-type resistive switching at the Schottky junction between p-type Cu3Cs2I5 and Au is verified, where migration of iodide vacancies and asymmetric carrier transport owing to the effective hole mass is three times heavier than effective electron mass are found to play critical roles in controlling the conductance, leading to high resistance. There was little difference in synaptic weight updates with high linearity and 250 states before and after bending the flexible device. Moreover, the MNIST-based recognition rate of over 90% is maintained upon bending, indicative of a promising candidate for highly efficient flexible artificial synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- June-Mo Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Young-Kwang Jung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Ju-Hee Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Yong Churl Kim
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Suwon 443-803, Korea
| | - So-Yeon Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Seunghwan Seo
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Dong-Am Park
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Jeong-Hyeon Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Se-Yong Jeong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - In-Taek Han
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Suwon 443-803, Korea
| | - Jin-Hong Park
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Aron Walsh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Nam-Gyu Park
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
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Kwak KJ, Lee DE, Kim SJ, Jang HW. Halide Perovskites for Memristive Data Storage and Artificial Synapses. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:8999-9010. [PMID: 34515487 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Halide perovskites have been noted for their exotic properties such as fast ion migration, tunable composition, facile synthetic routes, and flexibility in addition to large light absorption coefficients, long carrier diffusion lengths, and high defect tolerance. These properties have made halide perovskites promising materials for memristors. Applications in the field of resistive switching memory devices and artificial synapses for neuromorphic computing are especially noteworthy. This Perspective covers state-of-the-art perovskite-based memristive devices. Moreover, the fundamental mechanisms and characteristics of perovskite-based memristors are elucidated. Interesting opportunities to improve the performance of perovskite-based memristors for commercialization are provided, including improving film uniformity and air stability, controlling the stoichiometry, finding new all-inorganic and lead-free halide perovskites, and making perovskites into single crystals or quantum dots. We expect our Perspective to be the foundation of realizing next-generation halide perovskite-based memristors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Ju Kwak
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Eun Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ju Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Won Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea
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42
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Zhang Y, Poddar S, Huang H, Gu L, Zhang Q, Zhou Y, Yan S, Zhang S, Song Z, Huang B, Shen G, Fan Z. Three-dimensional perovskite nanowire array-based ultrafast resistive RAM with ultralong data retention. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabg3788. [PMID: 34516897 PMCID: PMC8442916 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg3788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Resistive random access memories (Re-RAMs) have transpired as a foremost candidate among emerging nonvolatile memory technologies with a potential to bridge the gap between the traditional volatile and fast dynamic RAMs and the nonvolatile and slow FLASH memories. Here, we report electrochemical metallization (ECM) Re-RAMs based on high-density three-dimensional halide perovskite nanowires (NWs) array as the switching layer clubbed between silver and aluminum contacts. NW Re-RAMs made of three types of methyl ammonium lead halide perovskites (MAPbX3; X = Cl, Br, I) have been explored. A trade-off between device switching speed and retention time was intriguingly found. Ultrafast switching speed (200 ps) for monocrystalline MAPbI3 and ~7 × 109 s ultralong extrapolated retention time for polycrystalline MAPbCl3 NW devices were obtained. Further, first-principles calculation revealed that Ag diffusion energy barrier increases when lattice size shrinks from MAPbI3 to MAPbCl3, culminating in the trade-off between the device switching speed and retention time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zhang
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Guangzhou HKUST Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, Nansha, Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Swapnadeep Poddar
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Guangzhou HKUST Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, Nansha, Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Leilei Gu
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qianpeng Zhang
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Guangzhou HKUST Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, Nansha, Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shuai Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Micro-system and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Sifan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Micro-system and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Zhitang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Micro-system and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Baoling Huang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Guozhen Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhiyong Fan
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Guangzhou HKUST Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, Nansha, Guangzhou 511458, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing First RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057, China
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43
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Cui J, Fu X, Zhou H, Yin J, Wu M, Zhang X. Synthesis, structure, mobility and memristor properties of tetragonal CH 3NH 3PbBr 3 perovskite single crystals. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:10365-10368. [PMID: 34286763 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00492a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The structure, mobility and memristor properties of tetragonal CH3NH3PbBr3 single crystals (T-MAPbBr3 SC) are rarely reported. In this study, we synthesized T-MAPbBr3 SC with the P4/mmm (123) space group by the growing, dropping and growing (GDG) crystal seed method. A CH3NH3+ cation is a disordered state in T-MAPbBr3 SC. The mobility values of T-MAPbBr3 SC under light and dark conditions are 464.28 and -1685.3 cm2 V-1 s-1, respectively. The carrier types under light and dark conditions are holes and electrons, respectively. The memristor based on T-MAPbBr3 SC has a wide and low operating voltage window (0-0.9 V). The high and low resistances of the memristor based on T-MAPbBr3 SC achieve values of 41 and 0.35 GΩ, respectively. The values of high and low resistances are relatively stable for 100 cycles. Thus, the memristor device based on T-MAPbBr3 SC has good applications in the field of memristors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory/Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Energy Storage; Liaocheng University, China.
| | - Xuewei Fu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory/Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Energy Storage; Liaocheng University, China.
| | - Huawei Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory/Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Energy Storage; Liaocheng University, China.
| | - Jie Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory/Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Energy Storage; Liaocheng University, China.
| | - Mingxing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-materials of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University, No. 20 Rd. East of 2nd Ring South, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province 050024, China.
| | - Xianxi Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory/Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Energy Storage; Liaocheng University, China.
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44
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He Q, Chen G, Wang Y, Liu X, Xu D, Xu X, Liu Y, Bao J, Wang X. CsPbX 3 -ITO (X = Cl, Br, I) Nano-Heterojunctions: Voltage Tuned Positive to Negative Photoresponse. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2101403. [PMID: 34106510 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202101403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
All-Inorganic perovskite CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) quantum dots (QDs) have attracted tremendous attention in the past few years for their appealing performance in optoelectronic applications. Major properties of CsPbX3 QDs include the positive photoconductivity (PPC) and the defect tolerance of the in-band trap states. Here it is reported that when hybridizing CsPbX3 QDs with indium tin oxide (ITO) nanocrystals to form CsPbX3 -ITO nano-heterojunctions (NHJs), a voltage tuned photoresponse-from PPC to negative photoconductivity (NPC) transform-is achieved in lateral drain-source structured ITO/CsPbX3 -ITO-NHJs/ITO devices. A model combining exciton, charge separation, transport, and most critical the voltage driven electron filling of the in-band trap states with drain-source voltage (VDS ) above a threshold, is proposed to understand this unusual PPC-NPC transform mechanism, which is different from that of any known nanomaterial system. This finding exhibits potentials for developing devices such as photodetectors, optoelectronic switches, and memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqian He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, P. R. China
| | - Gaoyu Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, P. R. China
| | - Yongkai Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, P. R. China
| | - Danting Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, P. R. China
| | - Xiangxing Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, P. R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, P. R. China
| | - Jianchun Bao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, P. R. China
| | - Xun Wang
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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45
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The Effects of Temperature on the Growth of a Lead-Free Perovskite-Like (CH 3NH 3) 3Sb 2Br 9 Single Crystal for An MSM Photodetector Application. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21134475. [PMID: 34208881 PMCID: PMC8271485 DOI: 10.3390/s21134475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We have fabricated a photodetector based on (CH3NH3)3Sb2Br9 (MA3Sb2Br9) lead-free perovskite-like single crystal, which plays an important role in the optoelectronic characteristics of the photodetector as a perovskite-like photosensitive layer. Here, MA3Sb2Br9 single crystals were synthesized by an inverse temperature crystallization process with a precursor solution at three different growth temperatures, 60 °C, 80 °C, and 100 °C. As a result, a MA3Sb2Br9 single crystal with an optimum growth temperature of 60 °C presented a low trap density of 2.63 × 1011 cm-3, a high charge carrier mobility of 0.75 cm2 V-1 s-1, and excellent crystal structure and optical absorption properties. This MA3Sb2Br9 perovskite-like photodetector displayed a low dark current of 8.09 × 10-9 A, high responsivity of 0.113 A W-1, and high detectivity of 4.32 × 1011 Jones.
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46
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Park Y, Kim SH, Lee D, Lee JS. Designing zero-dimensional dimer-type all-inorganic perovskites for ultra-fast switching memory. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3527. [PMID: 34112776 PMCID: PMC8192534 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23871-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistive switching memory that uses halide perovskites (HP) has been considered as next-generation storage devices due to low operation voltage and high on/off ratio. However, the memory still faces challenges for stable operation with fast switching speed, which hinders the practical application. Thus, it should be considered from the stage of designing the HP for memory applications. Here, we design the perovskite memory using a high-throughput screening based on first-principles calculations. Total 696 compositions in four different crystal structures are investigated and essential parameters including stability, vacancy formation, and migration are considered as the descriptor. We select dimer-Cs3Sb2I9 as an optimal HP for memory; the device that uses dimer-Cs3Sb2I9 has ultra-fast switching speed (~20 ns) compared to the device that uses layer-Cs3Sb2I9 (>100 ns). The use of lead-free perovskite avoids environmental problems caused by lead in perovskite. These results demonstrate the feasibility to design the memory with ultra-fast switching speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngjun Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - Seong Hun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - Donghwa Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Korea.
- Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea.
| | - Jang-Sik Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Korea.
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47
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Fang Y, Zhai S, Chu L, Zhong J. Advances in Halide Perovskite Memristor from Lead-Based to Lead-Free Materials. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:17141-17157. [PMID: 33844908 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c03433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Memristors have attracted considerable attention as one of the four basic circuit elements besides resistors, capacitors, and inductors. Especially, the nonvolatile memory devices have become a promising candidate for the new-generation information storage, due to their excellent write, read, and erase rates, in addition to the low-energy consumption, multistate storage, and high scalability. Among them, halide perovskite (HP) memristors have great potential to achieve low-cost practical information storage and computing. However, the usual lead-based HP memristors face serious problems of high toxicity and low stability. To alleviate the above issues, great effort has been devoted to develop lead-free HP memristors. Here, we have summarized and discussed the advances in HP memristors from lead-based to lead-free materials including memristive properties, stability, neural network applications, and memristive mechanism. Finally, the challenges and prospects of lead-free HP memristors have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuetong Fang
- New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province & College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering & College of Electronic and Optic Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuaibo Zhai
- New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province & College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering & College of Electronic and Optic Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Chu
- New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province & College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering & College of Electronic and Optic Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Nano-Micro Materials Research, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiasong Zhong
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
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48
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Poddar S, Zhang Y, Zhu Y, Zhang Q, Fan Z. Optically tunable ultra-fast resistive switching in lead-free methyl-ammonium bismuth iodide perovskite films. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:6184-6191. [PMID: 33885604 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr09234g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Resistive RAMs (Re-RAMs) have come to the fore as a rising star among the next generation non-volatile memories with fast operational speed, excellent endurance and prolonged data retention capabilities. Re-RAMs are being profusely used as storage and processing modules in neuromorphic hardware and high frequency switches in radio-frequency (RF) circuits. Owing to its intrinsic hysteresis and abundance of charge migration pathways, lead halide perovskites have emerged as a promising switching medium in Re-RAMs besides their ubiquitous usage in optoelectronic devices. Here, we adopted a lead-free eco-friendly methyl-ammonium bismuth iodide (MA3Bi2I9) perovskite (prepared by solvent-free engineering) as the switching medium sandwiched between copper (Cu) and indium doped tin oxide (ITO) electrodes. The devices exhibited a 104 high ON/OFF ratio that provided a large window for the multi-bit data storage in a single cell with good accuracy. Robust endurance of 1730 cycles and good data retention ability of >3 × 105 s were also observed. Careful switching speed measurements showed the devices can operate with an ultra-fast speed of 10 ns for writing and erasing respectively. The devices responded to light illumination and the prolonged retention of the opto-electrically tuned resistance states paved the way for image memorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnadeep Poddar
- Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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49
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Huang YT, Kavanagh SR, Scanlon DO, Walsh A, Hoye RLZ. Perovskite-inspired materials for photovoltaics and beyond-from design to devices. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:132004. [PMID: 33260167 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abcf6d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Lead-halide perovskites have demonstrated astonishing increases in power conversion efficiency in photovoltaics over the last decade. The most efficient perovskite devices now outperform industry-standard multi-crystalline silicon solar cells, despite the fact that perovskites are typically grown at low temperature using simple solution-based methods. However, the toxicity of lead and its ready solubility in water are concerns for widespread implementation. These challenges, alongside the many successes of the perovskites, have motivated significant efforts across multiple disciplines to find lead-free and stable alternatives which could mimic the ability of the perovskites to achieve high performance with low temperature, facile fabrication methods. This Review discusses the computational and experimental approaches that have been taken to discover lead-free perovskite-inspired materials, and the recent successes and challenges in synthesizing these compounds. The atomistic origins of the extraordinary performance exhibited by lead-halide perovskites in photovoltaic devices is discussed, alongside the key challenges in engineering such high-performance in alternative, next-generation materials. Beyond photovoltaics, this Review discusses the impact perovskite-inspired materials have had in spurring efforts to apply new materials in other optoelectronic applications, namely light-emitting diodes, photocatalysts, radiation detectors, thin film transistors and memristors. Finally, the prospects and key challenges faced by the field in advancing the development of perovskite-inspired materials towards realization in commercial devices is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Teng Huang
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Seán R Kavanagh
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- Thomas Young Centre, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - David O Scanlon
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
- Thomas Young Centre, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- Diamond Light Source Ltd., Diamond House, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Aron Walsh
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Robert L Z Hoye
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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50
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Huang W, Xia X, Zhu C, Steichen P, Quan W, Mao W, Yang J, Chu L, Li X. Memristive Artificial Synapses for Neuromorphic Computing. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2021; 13:85. [PMID: 34138298 PMCID: PMC8006524 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-021-00618-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Neuromorphic computing simulates the operation of biological brain function for information processing and can potentially solve the bottleneck of the von Neumann architecture. This computing is realized based on memristive hardware neural networks in which synaptic devices that mimic biological synapses of the brain are the primary units. Mimicking synaptic functions with these devices is critical in neuromorphic systems. In the last decade, electrical and optical signals have been incorporated into the synaptic devices and promoted the simulation of various synaptic functions. In this review, these devices are discussed by categorizing them into electrically stimulated, optically stimulated, and photoelectric synergetic synaptic devices based on stimulation of electrical and optical signals. The working mechanisms of the devices are analyzed in detail. This is followed by a discussion of the progress in mimicking synaptic functions. In addition, existing application scenarios of various synaptic devices are outlined. Furthermore, the performances and future development of the synaptic devices that could be significant for building efficient neuromorphic systems are prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Huang
- New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province and School of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NJUPT), Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xuwen Xia
- New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province and School of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NJUPT), Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Zhu
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering and College of Microelectronics, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NJUPT), Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Parker Steichen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-2120, USA
| | - Weidong Quan
- New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province and School of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NJUPT), Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Mao
- New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province and School of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NJUPT), Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Yang
- New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province and School of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NJUPT), Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Chu
- New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province and School of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NJUPT), Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xing'ao Li
- New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province and School of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NJUPT), Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
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