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Wang L, Wang Q, Yao C, Li M, Liu G, Zhang M. Flexible Multimodal Sensors Enhanced by Electrospun Lead-Free Perovskite and PVDF-HFP Composite Form-Stable Mesh Membranes for In Situ Plant Monitoring. Anal Chem 2024; 96:11923-11931. [PMID: 38989922 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The pH and humidity of the crop environment are essential indicators for monitoring crop growth status. This study reports a lead-free perovskite/polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene composite (LPPC) to enhance the stability and reliability of in situ plant pH and humidity monitoring. The mesh composite membrane of LPPC illustrates a hydrophobic contact angle of 101.982°, a tensile strain of 800%, and an opposing surface potential of less than -184.9 mV, which ensures fast response, high sensitivity, and stability of the sensor during long-term plant monitoring. The LPPC-coated pH electrode possesses a sensitivity of -63.90 mV/pH, which provides a fast response within 5 s and is inert to environmental temperature interference. The LPPC-coated humidity sensor obtains a sensitivity of -145.7 Ω/% RH, responds in 28 s, and works well under varying light conditions. The flexible multimodal sensor coated with an LPPC membrane completed real-time in situ monitoring of soilless strawberries for 17 consecutive days. Satisfactory consistency and accuracy performance are observed. The study provides a simple solution for developing reliable, flexible wearable multiparameter sensors for in situ monitoring of multiple parameters of crop environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liru Wang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Agriculture Systems, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Acquisition Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Agriculture Systems, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Acquisition Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chong Yao
- Key Laboratory of Smart Agriculture Systems, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Acquisition Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Minzan Li
- Key Laboratory of Smart Agriculture Systems, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Acquisition Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Agriculture Systems, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Acquisition Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- National Innovation Center for Digital Agricultural Products Circulation, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Agriculture Systems, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Acquisition Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- National Innovation Center for Digital Agricultural Products Circulation, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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Liu YM, Shi XL, Wu T, Wu H, Mao Y, Cao T, Wang DZ, Liu WD, Li M, Liu Q, Chen ZG. Boosting thermoelectric performance of single-walled carbon nanotubes-based films through rational triple treatments. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3426. [PMID: 38654020 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47417-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs)-based thermoelectric materials, valued for their flexibility, lightweight, and cost-effectiveness, show promise for wearable thermoelectric devices. However, their thermoelectric performance requires significant enhancement for practical applications. To achieve this goal, in this work, we introduce rational "triple treatments" to improve the overall performance of flexible SWCNT-based films, achieving a high power factor of 20.29 µW cm-1 K-2 at room temperature. Ultrasonic dispersion enhances the conductivity, NaBH4 treatment reduces defects and enhances the Seebeck coefficient, and cold pressing significantly densifies the SWCNT films while preserving the high Seebeck coefficient. Also, bending tests confirm structural stability and exceptional flexibility, and a six-legged flexible device demonstrates a maximum power density of 2996 μW cm-2 at a 40 K temperature difference, showing great application potential. This advancement positions SWCNT films as promising flexible thermoelectric materials, providing insights into high-performance carbon-based thermoelectrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Meng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Shi
- School of Chemistry and Physics, ARC Research Hub in Zero-emission Power Generation for Carbon Neutrality, and Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanqing Mao
- School of Chemistry and Physics, ARC Research Hub in Zero-emission Power Generation for Carbon Neutrality, and Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Department of Physics and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Science and Material Design, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tianyi Cao
- School of Chemistry and Physics, ARC Research Hub in Zero-emission Power Generation for Carbon Neutrality, and Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - De-Zhuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei-Di Liu
- School of Chemistry and Physics, ARC Research Hub in Zero-emission Power Generation for Carbon Neutrality, and Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Meng Li
- School of Chemistry and Physics, ARC Research Hub in Zero-emission Power Generation for Carbon Neutrality, and Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Qingfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zhi-Gang Chen
- School of Chemistry and Physics, ARC Research Hub in Zero-emission Power Generation for Carbon Neutrality, and Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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Li Y, Ai L, Luo Q, Wu X, Li B, Guo CY. Compositing Benzothieno[3,2- b]Benzofuran Derivatives with Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance. Molecules 2023; 28:6519. [PMID: 37764295 PMCID: PMC10534622 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Although numerous thermoelectric (TE) composites of organic materials and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have been developed in the past decade, most of the research has been related to polymers without much on organic small molecules (OSMs). In this work, benzothieno[3,2-b]benzofuran (BTBF) and its derivatives (BTBF-Br and BTBF-2Br) were synthesized and their TE composites with SWCNTs were prepared. It is found that the highest molecular orbital level and band gap (Eg) of BTBF, BTBF-Br, and BTBF-2Br gradually decrease upon the introduction of electron-withdrawing Br group on BTBF. These changes significantly improve the Seebeck coefficient and power factor (PF) of OSM/SWCNT composites. An appropriate energy barrier between BTBF-2Br and SWCNTs promotes the energy filtering effect, which further contributes to the enhancement of composites' thermoelectric properties. The composites of SWCNTs and BTBF-2Br with the smallest Eg (4.192 eV) afford the best thermoelectric performance with the room temperature power factor of 169.70 ± 3.46 μW m-1 K-2 in addition to good mechanical flexibility and thermal stability. This study provides a feasible strategy for the preparation of OSM/SWCNT composites with improved thermoelectric properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Baolin Li
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; (Y.L.); (L.A.); (Q.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Cun-Yue Guo
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; (Y.L.); (L.A.); (Q.L.); (X.W.)
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Chen ZP, Li Y, Gao CY, Fan XH, Li HP, Yang LM. Electrochemical assembly of single-walled carbon nanotube/polypyrrole/tellurium/lead telluride multi-layer nanocomposite films for room-temperature flexible thermoelectric application. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 646:824-833. [PMID: 37230000 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.05.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
With the complexity and diversification of thermoelectric (TE) application scenarios, it becomes increasingly difficult for single-component thermoelectric materials to satisfy practical demands. Therefore, recent researches have largely focused on the development of the multi-component nanocomposites, which are probably a good solution for the TE application of some materials that are not eligible when used alone. In this work, a seires of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT)/polypyrrole (PPy)/tellurium (Te)/lead telluride (PbTe) multi-layer flexible composite films were fabricated via the successive electrodeposition of the flexible PPy layer with a low thermal conductivity, the ultra-thin Te induction layer, and the brittle PbTe layer with a large Seebeck coefficient over the pre-fabricated SWCNT membrane electrode with a high electrical conductivity. Through the complementary advantages between different components and the multiple synergies of the interface engineering, the SWCNT/PPy/Te/PbTe composites harvested the excellent TE performance with a maximum power factor (PF) of 929.8 ± 35.4 µW m-1 K-2 at room temperature, outperforming those of most of the electrochemically-prepared organic/inorganic TE composites reported previously. This work evidenced that the electrochemical multi-layer assembly is a feasible tactic for constructing special thermoelectric materials to meet customized requirements, which could also be applied to other material platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Ping Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Cai-Yan Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Xin-Heng Fan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Hui-Ping Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lian-Ming Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
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Zhang C, Li H, Liu Y, Li P, Liu S, He C. Advancement of Polyaniline/Carbon Nanotubes Based Thermoelectric Composites. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8644. [PMID: 36500139 PMCID: PMC9735506 DOI: 10.3390/ma15238644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Organic thermoelectric (TE) materials have been widely investigated due to their good stability, easy synthesis, and high electrical conductivity. Among them, polyaniline/carbon nanotubes (PANI/CNTs) composites have attracted significant attention for pursuing enhanced TE properties to meet the demands of commercial applications. In this review, we summarize recent advances in versatile PANI/CNTs composites in terms of the dispersion methods of CNTs (such as the addition of surfactants, mechanical grinding, and CNT functional group modification methods), fabrication engineering (physical blending and in-situ polymerization), post-treatments (solvent treatments to regulate the doping level and microstructure of PANI), and multi-components composites (incorporation of other components to enhance energy filtering effect and Seebeck coefficient), respectively. Various approaches are comprehensively discussed to illustrate the microstructure modulation and conduction mechanism within PANI/CNTs composites. Furthermore, we briefly give an outlook on the challenges of the PANI/CNTs composites for achieving high performance and hope to pave a way for future development of high-performance PANI/CNTs composites for sustainable energy utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Optoelectronic and New Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Hui Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Optoelectronic and New Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Yalong Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Optoelectronic and New Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Pengcheng Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Optoelectronic and New Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Siqi Liu
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117574, Singapore
| | - Chaobin He
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117574, Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore 117602, Singapore
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Advances in Thermoelectric Composites Consisting of Conductive Polymers and Fillers with Different Architectures. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27206932. [PMID: 36296524 PMCID: PMC9612169 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Stretchable wireless power is in increasingly high demand in fields such as smart devices, flexible robots, and electronic skins. Thermoelectric devices are able to convert heat into electricity due to the Seebeck effect, making them promising candidates for wearable electronics. Therefore, high-performance conductive polymer-based composites are urgently required for flexible wearable thermoelectric devices for the utilization of low-grade thermal energy. In this review, mechanisms and optimization strategies for polymer-based thermoelectric composites containing fillers of different architectures will be introduced, and recent advances in the development of such thermoelectric composites containing 0- to 3-dimensional filler components will be presented and outlooked.
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