1
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Wang S, Liu S, Cao S, Bao Y, Wang L, He ZE, Li J, Zhou Y, Lv M. Engineering Bacterial Biofilm Development and Structure via Regulation of Silver Nanoparticle Density in Graphene Oxide Composite Coating. JACS AU 2024; 4:855-864. [PMID: 38425932 PMCID: PMC10900484 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Graphene-based composites have shown significant potential in the treatment of biofilm infections in clinical settings due to their exceptional antimicrobial properties and specific mechanisms. Nevertheless, a comprehensive understanding of the influence exerted by nanoparticles embedded in the composites on the development and structure of biofilms is still lacking. Here, we fabricate different graphene oxide-silver nanoparticle (GAg) composite-modified substrates (GAgS) with varying densities of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and investigate their effects on planktonic bacterial adhesion, subsequent biofilm formation, and mature biofilm structure. Our findings indicate that the initial attachment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa cells during biofilm formation is determined by the density of AgNPs on the GAgS surface. In contrast, the subsequent transition from adherent bacteria to the biofilm is determined by GAgS's synergistic antimicrobial effect. There exists a threshold for the inhibitory performance of GAgS, where the 20 μg/cm2 GAg composite completely prevents biofilm formation; below this concentration, GAgS delays the development of the biofilm and causes structural changes in the mature biofilm with enhanced bacterial growth and increased production of extracellular polymeric substance. More importantly, GAgS have minimal impact on mammalian cell morphology and proliferation while not inducing hemolysis in red blood cells. These results suggest that GAg composites hold promise as a therapeutic approach for addressing medical devices and implant-associated biofilm infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wang
- College
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Shima Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Hunan Forest Products and Chemical Industry Engineering,
National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Integrative Utilization
of Eucommia ulmoides, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Jiajie Zhang,Hunan 427000, China
| | | | - Yunhui Bao
- Key
Laboratory of Hunan Forest Products and Chemical Industry Engineering,
National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Integrative Utilization
of Eucommia ulmoides, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Jiajie Zhang,Hunan 427000, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- Institute
of Materiobiology, College of Science, Shanghai
University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | | | - Jiang Li
- Institute
of Materiobiology, College of Science, Shanghai
University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- College
of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Min Lv
- College
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
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2
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McCue C, Atari A, Parks S, Tseng YY, Varanasi KK. Reducing Cancer Cell Adhesion using Microtextured Surfaces. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302401. [PMID: 37559167 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
For the past century, trypsin has been the primary method of cell dissociation, largely without any major changes to the process. Enzymatic cell detachment strategies for large-scale cell culturing processes are popular but can be labor-intensive, potentially lead to the accumulation of genetic mutations, and produce large quantities of liquid waste. Therefore, engineering surfaces to lower cell adhesion strength could enable the next generation of cell culture surfaces for delicate primary cells and automated, high-throughput workflows. In this study, a process for creating microtextured polystyrene (PS) surfaces to measure the impact of microposts on the adhesion strength of cells is developed. Cell viability and proliferation assays show comparable results in two cancer cell lines between micropost surfaces and standard cell culture vessels. However, cell image analysis on microposts reveals that cell area decreases by half, and leads to an average twofold increase in cell length per area. Using a microfluidic-based method up to a seven times greater percentage of cells are removed from micropost surfaces than the flat control surfaces. These results show that micropost surfaces enable decreased cell adhesion strength while maintaining similar cell viabilities and proliferation as compared to flat PS surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline McCue
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Adel Atari
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, 415 Main St, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Sean Parks
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Yuen-Yi Tseng
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, 415 Main St, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Kripa K Varanasi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, 415 Main St, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
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3
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Imani SM, Osman E, Bakhshandeh F, Qian S, Sakib S, MacDonald M, Gaskin M, Zhitomirsky I, Yamamura D, Li Y, Didar TF, Soleymani L. Liquid NanoBiosensors Enable One-Pot Electrochemical Detection of Bacteria in Complex Matrices. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023:e2207223. [PMID: 37088731 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
There is a need for point-of-care bacterial sensing and identification technologies that are rapid and simple to operate. Technologies that do not rely on growth cultures, nucleic acid amplification, step-wise reagent addition, and complex sample processing are the key for meeting this need. Herein, multiple materials technologies are integrated for overcoming the obstacles in creating rapid and one-pot bacterial sensing platforms. Liquid-infused nanoelectrodes are developed for reducing nonspecific binding on the transducer surface; bacterium-specific RNA-cleaving DNAzymes are used for bacterial identification; and redox DNA barcodes embedded into DNAzymes are used for binding-induced electrochemical signal transduction. The resultant single-step and one-pot assay demonstrates a limit-of-detection of 102 CFU mL-1 , with high specificity in identifying Escherichia coli amongst other Gram positive and negative bacteria including Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis. Additionally, this assay is evaluated for analyzing 31 clinically obtained urine samples, demonstrating a clinical sensitivity of 100% and specify of 100%. When challenging this assay with nine clinical blood cultures, E. coli-positive and E. coli-negative samples can be distinguished with a probability of p < 0.001.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Imani
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Enas Osman
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Fatemeh Bakhshandeh
- Department of Engineering Physics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Shuwen Qian
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Sadman Sakib
- Department of Engineering Physics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Michael MacDonald
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L8, Canada
- Institute of Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Mark Gaskin
- Hamilton Regional Laboratory Medicine Program, Hamilton General Hospital, 237 Barton St. East, Hamilton, Ontario, L8L 2×2, Canada
| | - Igor Zhitomirsky
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L7, Canada
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Deborah Yamamura
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada
- Institute of Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Yingfu Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L7, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L8, Canada
- Institute of Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Tohid F Didar
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L7, Canada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L7, Canada
- Institute of Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Leyla Soleymani
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L7, Canada
- Department of Engineering Physics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L7, Canada
- Institute of Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8N 3Z5, Canada
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4
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Abu Jarad N, Rachwalski K, Bayat F, Khan S, Shakeri A, MacLachlan R, Villegas M, Brown ED, Hosseinidoust Z, Didar TF, Soleymani L. A Bifunctional Spray Coating Reduces Contamination on Surfaces by Repelling and Killing Pathogens. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:16253-16265. [PMID: 36926806 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c23119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Surface-mediated transmission of pathogens is a major concern with regard to the spread of infectious diseases. Current pathogen prevention methods on surfaces rely on the use of biocides, which aggravate the emergence of antimicrobial resistance and pose harmful health effects. In response, a bifunctional and substrate-independent spray coating is presented herein. The bifunctional coating relies on wrinkled polydimethylsiloxane microparticles, decorated with biocidal gold nanoparticles to induce a "repel and kill" effect against pathogens. Pathogen repellency is provided by the structural hierarchy of the microparticles and their surface chemistry, whereas the kill mechanism is achieved using functionalized gold nanoparticles embedded on the microparticles. Bacterial tests with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa reveal a 99.9% reduction in bacterial load on spray-coated surfaces, while antiviral tests with Phi6─a bacterial virus often used as a surrogate to SARS-CoV-2─demonstrate a 98% reduction in virus load on coated surfaces. The newly developed spray coating is versatile, easily applicable to various surfaces, and effective against various pathogens, making it suitable for reducing surface contamination in frequently touched, heavy traffic, and high-risk surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Abu Jarad
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton L8S 4K1, ON, Canada
| | - Kenneth Rachwalski
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton L8S 4L7, ON, Canada
| | - Fereshteh Bayat
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton L8S 4L7, ON, Canada
| | - Shadman Khan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton L8S 4L7, ON, Canada
| | - Amid Shakeri
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton L8S 4L7, ON, Canada
| | - Roderick MacLachlan
- Department of Engineering Physics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton L8S 4L7, ON, Canada
| | - Martin Villegas
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton L8S 4L7, ON, Canada
| | - Eric D Brown
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton L8S 4L7, ON, Canada
| | - Zeinab Hosseinidoust
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton L8S 4L7, ON, Canada
| | - Tohid F Didar
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton L8S 4K1, ON, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton L8S 4L7, ON, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Leyla Soleymani
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton L8S 4K1, ON, Canada
- Department of Engineering Physics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton L8S 4L7, ON, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Engineering Physics, Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton L8S 4L7, Canada
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5
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Abu Jarad N, Rachwalski K, Bayat F, Khan S, Shakeri A, MacLachlan R, Villegas M, Brown ED, Soleymani L, Didar TF. An Omniphobic Spray Coating Created from Hierarchical Structures Prevents the Contamination of High-Touch Surfaces with Pathogens. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205761. [PMID: 36587985 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Engineered surfaces that repel pathogens are of great interest due to their role in mitigating the spread of infectious diseases. A robust, universal, and scalable omniphobic spray coating with excellent repellency against water, oil, and pathogens is presented. The coating is substrate-independent and relies on hierarchically structured polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microparticles, decorated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Wettability studies reveal the relationship between surface texturing of micro- and/or nano-hierarchical structures and the omniphobicity of the coating. Studies of pathogen transfer with bacteria and viruses reveal that an uncoated contaminated glove transfers pathogens to >50 subsequent surfaces, while a coated glove picks up 104 (over 99.99%) less pathogens upon first contact and transfers zero pathogens after the second touch. The developed coating also provides excellent stability under harsh conditions. The remarkable anti-pathogen properties of this surface combined with its ease of implementation, substantiate its use for the prevention of surface-mediated transmission of pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Abu Jarad
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Kenneth Rachwalski
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Fereshteh Bayat
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Shadman Khan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Amid Shakeri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Roderick MacLachlan
- Department of Engineering Physics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Martin Villegas
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Eric D Brown
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Leyla Soleymani
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
- Department of Engineering Physics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L7, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Tohid F Didar
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L7, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
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6
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Afonso E, Bayat F, Ladouceur L, Khan S, Martínez-Gómez A, Weitz JI, Hosseinidoust Z, Tiemblo P, García N, Didar TF. Highly Stable Hierarchically Structured All-Polymeric Lubricant-Infused Films Prevent Thrombosis and Repel Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:53535-53545. [PMID: 36413608 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Thrombus formation and infections caused by bacterial adhesion are the most common causes of failure in blood-contacting medical devices. Reducing the interaction of pathogens using repellent surfaces has proven to be a successful strategy in preventing device failure. However, designing scale-up methodologies to create large-scale repellent surfaces remains challenging. To address this need, we have created an all-polymeric lubricant-infused system using an industrially viable swelling-coagulation solvent (S-C) method. This induces hierarchically structured micro/nano features onto the surface, enabling improved lubricant infusion. Poly(3,3,3-trifluoropropylmethylsiloxane) (PTFS) was used as the lubricant of choice, a previously unexplored omniphobic nonvolatile silicone oil. This resulted in all-polymeric liquid-infused surfaces that are transparent and flexible with long-term stability. Repellent properties have been demonstrated using human whole blood and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria matrices, with lubricated surfaces showing 93% reduction in blood stains and 96.7% reduction in bacterial adherence. The developed material has the potential to prevent blood and pathogenic contamination for a range biomedical devices within healthcare settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Afonso
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, Spanish Research Council, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Fereshteh Bayat
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L9S 8L7, Canada
| | - Liane Ladouceur
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Shadman Khan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L9S 8L7, Canada
| | - Aránzazu Martínez-Gómez
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, Spanish Research Council, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Jeffrey I Weitz
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L9S 8L7, Canada
- Department of Medicine, 1280 Main St W, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
- Thrombosis & Atherosclerosis Research Institute (TaARI), 237 Barton Street East, Hamilton, Ontario L8L 2X2, Canada
| | - Zeinab Hosseinidoust
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L9S 8L7, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L9S 8L7, Canada
- Michael DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L98 4L8, Canada
| | - Pilar Tiemblo
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, Spanish Research Council, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Nuria García
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, Spanish Research Council, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Tohid F Didar
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L9S 8L7, Canada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
- Michael DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L98 4L8, Canada
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7
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Shakeri A, Yousefi H, Jarad NA, Kullab S, Al-Mfarej D, Rottman M, Didar TF. Contamination and carryover free handling of complex fluids using lubricant-infused pipette tips. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14486. [PMID: 36008518 PMCID: PMC9411573 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18756-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cross-contamination of biological samples during handling and preparation, is a major issue in laboratory setups, leading to false-positives or false-negatives. Sample carryover residue in pipette tips contributes greatly to this issue. Most pipette tips on the market are manufactured with hydrophobic polymers that are able to repel high surface tension liquids, yet they lack in performance when low surface tension liquids and viscous fluids are involved. Moreover, hydrophobicity of pipette tips can result in hydrophobic adsorption of biomolecules, causing inaccuracies and loss in precision during pipetting. Here we propose the use of lubricant-infused surface (LIS) technology to achieve omniphobic properties in pipette tips. Using a versatile and simple design, the inner lumen of commercially available pipette tips was coated with a fluorosilane (FS) layer using chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The presence of FS groups on the tips is confirmed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) tests. After lubrication of the tips through a fluorinated lubricant, the omniphobicity and repellent behaviour of the tips drastically enhanced which are revealed via static and hysteresis contact angle measurements. The repellency of the lubricant-infused pipette tips against physical adsorption is investigated through pipetting a food coloring dye as well as human blood samples and are compared to the untreated tips. The results show significantly less amount carryover residue when the lubricant-infused tips are utilized compared to commercially available ones. We also demonstrate the lubricant-infused tips reduce bacteria contamination of the inner lumen by 3 to 6-log (over 99%, depending on the tip size) after pipetting up and down the bacteria solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amid Shakeri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L7, Canada.
| | - Hanie Yousefi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L7, Canada
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Noor Abu Jarad
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 3L8, Canada
| | - Samer Kullab
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Dalya Al-Mfarej
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Martin Rottman
- Department of Microbiology and Innovative Biomarkers Platform, GH Université Paris Saclay, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré (APHP), Garches, France
- Laboratory of Infection and Inflammation U1173, School of Medicine Simone Veil Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University, Montigny le Bx, France
| | - Tohid F Didar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L7, Canada.
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 3L8, Canada.
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8
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Negut I, Ristoscu C, Tozar T, Dinu M, Parau AC, Grumezescu V, Hapenciuc C, Popa M, Stan MS, Marutescu L, Mihailescu IN, Chifiriuc MC. Implant Surfaces Containing Bioglasses and Ciprofloxacin as Platforms for Bone Repair and Improved Resistance to Microbial Colonization. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061175. [PMID: 35745748 PMCID: PMC9227520 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coatings are an attractive and challenging selection for improving the bioperformance of metallic devices. Composite materials based on bioglass/antibiotic/polymer are herein proposed as multifunctional thin films for hard tissue implants. We deposited a thin layer of the polymeric material by matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation—MAPLE onto Ti substrates. A second layer consisting of bioglass + antibiotic was applied by MAPLE onto the initial thin film. The antimicrobial activity of MAPLE-deposited thin films was evaluated on Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa standard strains. The biocompatibility of obtained thin films was assessed on mouse osteoblast-like cells. The results of our study revealed that the laser-deposited coatings are biocompatible and resistant to microbial colonization and biofilm formation. Accordingly, they can be considered viable candidates for biomedical devices and contact surfaces that would otherwise be amenable to contact transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Negut
- National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Street, 077125 Magurele, Romania; (I.N.); (T.T.); (V.G.); (C.H.); (I.N.M.)
| | - Carmen Ristoscu
- National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Street, 077125 Magurele, Romania; (I.N.); (T.T.); (V.G.); (C.H.); (I.N.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Tatiana Tozar
- National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Street, 077125 Magurele, Romania; (I.N.); (T.T.); (V.G.); (C.H.); (I.N.M.)
- Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics, Horia Hulubei National Institute for R&D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 077125 Magurele, Romania
| | - Mihaela Dinu
- National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics-INOE2000, 409 Atomistilor St., 077125 Magurele, Romania; (M.D.); (A.C.P.)
| | - Anca Constantina Parau
- National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics-INOE2000, 409 Atomistilor St., 077125 Magurele, Romania; (M.D.); (A.C.P.)
| | - Valentina Grumezescu
- National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Street, 077125 Magurele, Romania; (I.N.); (T.T.); (V.G.); (C.H.); (I.N.M.)
| | - Claudiu Hapenciuc
- National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Street, 077125 Magurele, Romania; (I.N.); (T.T.); (V.G.); (C.H.); (I.N.M.)
| | - Marcela Popa
- Microbiology Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 077206 Bucharest, Romania; (M.P.); (L.M.)
| | - Miruna Silvia Stan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 91-95, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (M.S.S.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Luminita Marutescu
- Microbiology Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 077206 Bucharest, Romania; (M.P.); (L.M.)
| | - Ion N. Mihailescu
- National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Street, 077125 Magurele, Romania; (I.N.); (T.T.); (V.G.); (C.H.); (I.N.M.)
| | - Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 91-95, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (M.S.S.); (M.C.C.)
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Aleea Portocalelor Str. 1-3, District 5, 060101 Bucharest, Romania
- Romanian Academy of Scientists, 3 Ilfov Str., District 5, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
- The Romanian Academy, Calea Victoriei 25, District 1, 010071 Bucharest, Romania
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Enhancing osseointegration and mitigating bacterial biofilms on medical-grade titanium with chitosan-conjugated liquid-infused coatings. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5380. [PMID: 35354896 PMCID: PMC8967836 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09378-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Titanium alloys, in particular, medical-grade Ti-6Al-4 V, are heavily used in orthopaedic applications due to their high moduli, strength, and biocompatibility. Implant infection can result in biofilm formation and failure of prosthesis. The formation of a biofilm on implants protects bacteria from antibiotics and the immune response, resulting in the propagation of the infection and ultimately resulting in device failure. Recently, slippery liquid-infused surfaces (LIS) have been investigated for their stable liquid interface, which provides excellent repellent properties to suppress biofilm formation. One of the current limitations of LIS coatings lies in the indistinctive repellency of bone cells in orthopaedic applications, resulting in poor tissue integration and bone ingrowth with the implant. Here, we report a chitosan impregnated LIS coating that facilitates cell adhesion while preventing biofilm formation. The fabricated coating displayed high contact angles (108.2 ± 5.2°) and low sliding angles (3.56 ± 4.3°). Elemental analysis obtained using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the availability of fluorine and nitrogen, indicating the presence of fluorosilane and chitosan in the final coating. Furthermore, our results suggest that chitosan-conjugated LIS increased cell adhesion of osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells and significantly promoted proliferation (a fourfold increase at 7-day incubation) compared to conventional titanium liquid-infused surfaces. Furthermore, the chitosan conjugated LIS significantly reduced biofilm formation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by up to 50% and 75% when compared to untreated titanium and chitosan-coated titanium, respectively. The engineered coating can be easily modified with other biopolymers or capture molecules to be applied to other biomaterials where tissue integration and biofilm prevention are needed.
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10
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丁 思, 洪 慧, 徐 凌, 王 晓, 张 维, 李 向, 王 银, 陈 佳. [Chlorhexidine-grafted phenolamine coating to improve antibacterial property of the titanium surface]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2022; 36:335-342. [PMID: 35293176 PMCID: PMC8923923 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.202108095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the physicochemical properties of pure titanium surface grafted with chlorhexidine (CHX) by phenolamine coating, and to evaluate its antibacterial activity and osteoblast-compatibility in vitro. Methods Control group was obtained by alkali and thermal treatment, and then immersed in the mixture of epigallocatechin-3-gallate/hexamethylene diamine (coating group). Phenolamine coating was deposited on the surface, and then it was immersed in CHX solution to obtain the grafted surface of CHX (grafting group). The surface morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope, the surface element composition was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and the surface hydrophilicity was measured by water contact angle test. Live/dead bacterial staining, nephelometery, and inhibition zone method were executed to evaluate the antibacterial property. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT assay and cell fluorescence staining. Bacteria-MC3T3-E1 cells co-culture was conducted to evaluate the cell viability on the samples under the circumstance with bacteria. Results Scanning electron microscope observation results showed that deposits of coating group and grafting group increased successively and gradually covered the porous structure. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed the peak of N1s enhanced and the peak of Cl2p appeared in grafting group. Water contact angle test results showed that the hydrophilic angle of three groups increased in turn, and there was significant difference between groups ( P<0.05). Live/dead bacteria staining results showed that the grafting group had the least amount of bacteria adhered to the surface and the proportion of dead bacteria was high. The grafting group had a transparent inhibition zone around it and the absorbance ( A) value did not increase, showing significant difference when compared with control group and coating group ( P<0.05). MTT assay and cell fluorescence staining results showed that the number of adherent cells on the surface of the grafting group was the least, but the adherent cells had good proliferation activity. Bacteria-cell co-culture results showed that there was no bacteria on the surface of grafting group but live cells adhered well. Conclusion CHX-grafted phenolamine coating has the ability to inhibit bacterial adhesion and proliferation, and effectively protect cell adhesion and proliferation in a bacterial environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- 思勰 丁
- 安徽医科大学口腔医学院/附属口腔医院口腔材料教研室 口腔疾病研究安徽省重点实验室(合肥 230032)Stomatologic Hospital and College, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei Anhui, 230032, P. R. China
| | - 慧蕾 洪
- 安徽医科大学口腔医学院/附属口腔医院口腔材料教研室 口腔疾病研究安徽省重点实验室(合肥 230032)Stomatologic Hospital and College, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei Anhui, 230032, P. R. China
| | - 凌寒 徐
- 安徽医科大学口腔医学院/附属口腔医院口腔材料教研室 口腔疾病研究安徽省重点实验室(合肥 230032)Stomatologic Hospital and College, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei Anhui, 230032, P. R. China
| | - 晓玮 王
- 安徽医科大学口腔医学院/附属口腔医院口腔材料教研室 口腔疾病研究安徽省重点实验室(合肥 230032)Stomatologic Hospital and College, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei Anhui, 230032, P. R. China
| | - 维波 张
- 安徽医科大学口腔医学院/附属口腔医院口腔材料教研室 口腔疾病研究安徽省重点实验室(合肥 230032)Stomatologic Hospital and College, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei Anhui, 230032, P. R. China
| | - 向阳 李
- 安徽医科大学口腔医学院/附属口腔医院口腔材料教研室 口腔疾病研究安徽省重点实验室(合肥 230032)Stomatologic Hospital and College, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei Anhui, 230032, P. R. China
| | - 银龙 王
- 安徽医科大学口腔医学院/附属口腔医院口腔材料教研室 口腔疾病研究安徽省重点实验室(合肥 230032)Stomatologic Hospital and College, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei Anhui, 230032, P. R. China
| | - 佳龙 陈
- 安徽医科大学口腔医学院/附属口腔医院口腔材料教研室 口腔疾病研究安徽省重点实验室(合肥 230032)Stomatologic Hospital and College, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei Anhui, 230032, P. R. China
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11
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MacLachlan R, Vahedi F, Imani SM, Ashkar AA, Didar TF, Soleymani L. Pathogen-Repellent Plastic Warp with Built-In Hierarchical Structuring Prevents the Contamination of Surfaces with Coronaviruses. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:11068-11077. [PMID: 35225604 PMCID: PMC8903211 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c21476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, it is evident that viral spread is mediated through several different transmission pathways. Reduction of these transmission pathways is urgently needed to control the spread of viruses between infected and susceptible individuals. Herein, we report the use of pathogen-repellent plastic wraps (RepelWrap) with engineered surface structures at multiple length scales (nanoscale to microscale) as a means of reducing the indirect contact transmission of viruses through fomites. To quantify viral repellency, we developed a touch-based viral quantification assay to mimic the interaction of a contaminated human touch with a surface through the modification of traditional viral quantification methods (viral plaque and TCID50 assays). These studies demonstrate that RepelWrap reduced contamination with an enveloped DNA virus as well as the human coronavirus 229E (HuCoV-229E) by more than 4 log 10 (>99.99%) compared to a standard commercially available polyethylene plastic wrap. In addition, RepelWrap maintained its repellent properties after repeated 300 touches and did not show an accumulation in viral titer after multiple contacts with contaminated surfaces, while increases were seen on other commonly used surfaces. These findings show the potential use of repellent surfaces in reducing viral contamination on surfaces, which could, in turn, reduce the surface-based spread and transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roderick MacLachlan
- Department
of Engineering Physics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Fatemeh Vahedi
- Department
of Medicine, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Sara M. Imani
- School
of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Ali A. Ashkar
- Department
of Medicine, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
- McMaster
Immunology Research Center, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Tohid F. Didar
- School
of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S4L7, Canada
- Michael G.
DeGroote Institute of Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Leyla Soleymani
- Department
of Engineering Physics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
- School
of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
- Michael G.
DeGroote Institute of Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
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12
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Liang X, Zhang S, Gadd GM, McGrath J, Rooney DW, Zhao Q. Fungal-derived Selenium Nanoparticles and Their Potential Applications in Electroless Silver Coatings for Preventing Pin-tract Infections. Regen Biomater 2022; 9:rbac013. [PMID: 35449828 PMCID: PMC9017370 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pin-tract infections (PTIs) are a common complication of external fixation of fractures and current strategies for preventing PTIs have proven to be ineffective. Recent advances show that the use of anti-infection coatings with local antibacterial activity may solve this problem. Selenium has been considered as a promising anti-infection agent owing to its antibacterial and antibiofilm activities. In this study, selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were synthesized via a cost-effective fungi-mediated biorecovery approach and demonstrated excellent stability and homogeneity. To investigate their anti-infection potential, the SeNPs were doped in silver coatings through an electroless plating process and the silver–selenium (Ag–Se) coatings were tested for antibacterial and antibiofilm properties against Staphylococcus aureus F1557 and Escherichia coli WT F1693 as well as corrosion resistance in simulated body fluid. It was found that the Ag–Se coating significantly inhibited S.aureus growth and biofilm formation on the surface, reducing 81.2% and 59.7% of viable bacterial adhesion when compared with Ag and Ag–PTFE-coated surfaces after 3 days. The Ag–Se coating also exhibited improved corrosion resistance compared with the Ag coating, leading to a controlled release of Ag+, which in turn reduced the risk of cytotoxicity against hFOBs. These results suggest that the fungal-derived SeNPs may have potential in use as implant coatings to prevent PTIs. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjin Liang
- The Bryden Centre, School of Chemical and Chemistry Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, UK
- Geomicrobiology Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Shuai Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, BT9 7BL, Belfast, UK
| | - Geoffrey Michael Gadd
- Geomicrobiology Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Beijing Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Pollution Control, College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, China University of Petroleum, 18 Fuxue Road, Changping District, Beijing 102249, China
| | - John McGrath
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5DL, United Kingdom
| | - David W Rooney
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Qi Zhao
- School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 4HN, UK
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13
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Agarwal H, Nyffeler KE, Blackwell HE, Lynn DM. Fabrication of Slippery Liquid-Infused Coatings in Flexible Narrow-Bore Tubing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:55621-55632. [PMID: 34775755 PMCID: PMC8840327 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c14662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We report a layer-by-layer suction-and-flow approach that enables the fabrication of polymer-based "slippery" liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) in the confined luminal spaces of flexible, narrow-bore tubing. These SLIPS-coated tubes can prevent or strongly reduce surface fouling after prolonged contact, storage, or flow of a broad range of complex fluids and viscoelastic materials, including many that are relevant in the contexts of medical devices (e.g., blood and urine), food processing (beverages and fluids), and other commercial and industrial applications. The robust and mechanically compliant nature of the nanoporous coating used to host the lubricating oil phase allows these coated tubes to be bent, flexed, and coiled repeatedly without affecting their inherent slippery and antifouling behaviors. Our results also show that SLIPS-coated tubes can prevent the formation of bacterial biofilms after prolonged and repeated flow-based exposure to the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus and that the anti-biofouling properties of these coated tubes can be further improved or prolonged by coupling this approach with strategies that permit the sustained release of broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents. The suction-and-flow approach used here enables the application of slippery coatings in the confined luminal spaces of narrow-bore tubing that are difficult to access using several other methods for the fabrication of liquid-infused coatings and can be applied to tubing of arbitrary length and diameter. We anticipate that the materials and approaches reported here will prove useful for reducing or preventing biofouling, process fouling, and the clogging or occlusion of tubing in a wide range of consumer, industrial, and healthcare-oriented applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshit Agarwal
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Dr., Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Kayleigh E Nyffeler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Microbiology Doctoral Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1550 Linden Dr., Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Helen E Blackwell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - David M Lynn
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Dr., Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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14
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Khan S, Burciu B, Filipe CDM, Li Y, Dellinger K, Didar TF. DNAzyme-Based Biosensors: Immobilization Strategies, Applications, and Future Prospective. ACS NANO 2021; 15:13943-13969. [PMID: 34524790 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c04327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Since their discovery almost three decades ago, DNAzymes have been used extensively in biosensing. Depending on the type of DNAzyme being used, these functional oligonucleotides can act as molecular recognition elements within biosensors, offering high specificity to their target analyte, or as reporters capable of transducing a detectable signal. Several parameters need to be considered when designing a DNAzyme-based biosensor. In particular, given that many of these biosensors immobilize DNAzymes onto a sensing surface, selecting an appropriate immobilization strategy is vital. Suboptimal immobilization can result in both DNAzyme detachment and poor accessibility toward the target, leading to low sensing accuracy and sensitivity. Various approaches have been employed for DNAzyme immobilization within biosensors, ranging from amine and thiol-based covalent attachment to non-covalent strategies involving biotin-streptavidin interactions, DNA hybridization, electrostatic interactions, and physical entrapment. While the properties of each strategy inform its applicability within a proposed sensor, the selection of an appropriate strategy is largely dependent on the desired application. This is especially true given the diverse use of DNAzyme-based biosensors for the detection of pathogens, metal ions, and clinical biomarkers. In an effort to make the development of such sensors easier to navigate, this paper provides a comprehensive review of existing immobilization strategies, with a focus on their respective advantages, drawbacks, and optimal conditions for use. Next, common applications of existing DNAzyme-based biosensors are discussed. Last, emerging and future trends in the development of DNAzyme-based biosensors are discussed, and gaps in existing research worthy of exploration are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadman Khan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Brenda Burciu
- Department of Nanoengineering, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, North Carolina A&T State University, 2907 East Gate City Boulevard, Greensboro, North Carolina 27401, United States
| | - Carlos D M Filipe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Yingfu Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Kristen Dellinger
- Department of Nanoengineering, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, North Carolina A&T State University, 2907 East Gate City Boulevard, Greensboro, North Carolina 27401, United States
| | - Tohid F Didar
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
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15
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Kim S, Chen JB, Clifford A. Tuning the Biointerface: Low-Temperature Surface Modification Strategies for Orthopedic Implants to Enhance Osteogenic and Antimicrobial Activity. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:6619-6629. [PMID: 35006965 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
As both the average life expectancy and incidence of bone tissue reconstruction increases, development of load-bearing implantable materials that simultaneously enhance osseointegration while preventing postoperative infection is crucial. To address this need, significant research efforts have been dedicated to developing surface modification strategies for metallic load-bearing implants and scaffolds. Despite the abundance of strategies reported, many address only one factor, for example, surface chemistry or topography. Furthermore, the incorporation of surface features to increase osteocompatibility can increase the probability of infection, by encouraging the formation of bacterial biofilms. To truly advance this field, research efforts must focus on developing multifunctional coatings that concurrently address these complex and competing requirements. In addition, particular emphasis should be placed on utilizing surface modification processes that are versatile, low cost, and scalable, for ease of translation to mass manufacturing and clinical use. The aim of this short Review is to highlight recent advances in scalable and multifunctional surface modification techniques that obtain a programmed response at the bone tissue/implant interface. Low-temperature approaches based on macromolecule immobilization, electrochemical techniques, and solution processes are discussed. Although the strategies discussed in this Review have not yet been approved for clinical use, they show great promise toward developing the next generation of ultra-long-lasting biomaterials for joint and bone tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeromi Kim
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jenise B Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts & Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Amanda Clifford
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
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