1
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Wang Y, Tang J, Peng Q, Yu H, Zhu X, Li H, Lan D. Processing natural bamboo into white bamboo through photocatalyzed lignin oxidation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:133052. [PMID: 38857732 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Scalable and highly efficient bamboo whitening remains a great challenge. Herein, an effective bamboo whitening strategy is proposed based on photocatalyzed oxidation, which involves H2O2 infiltration and UV illumination. The as-prepared white bamboo well maintains the nature structure of natural bamboo and demonstrates high whiteness and superior mechanical properties. The absorbance value is significantly decreased to 3.5 and the transmittance is increased to 0.04 % in UV-visible wavelength range due to the removal of light-absorbing chromospheres of lignin, resulting in a high whiteness when the UV illumination time is 8 h. In addition, the white bamboo displays a high tensile strength of 30 MPa and a high flexural strength of 36 MPa due to the well-preserved lignin units (lignin preservation is about 89 %). XRD patterns and analysis show that photocatalyzed oxidation has no effect on the crystal parameters of cellulose. Compared with the traditional bamboo whitening technology, our photocatalyzed oxidation strategy demonstrates significant advantage including chemical and time conservation, high efficiency, environment friendliness, and mechanical robustness. This highly efficient and environmentally friendly photocatalyzed oxidation strategy for the fabrication of white bamboo may pave the way of bamboo-based energy-efficient structural materials for engineering application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youyong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan 442002, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Energy Storage and Power Battery, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan 442002, China.
| | - Jing Tang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Energy Storage and Power Battery, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan 442002, China
| | - Qianhui Peng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan 442002, China
| | - Huilin Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan 442002, China
| | - Xiufang Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan 442002, China
| | - Haifeng Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan 442002, China.
| | - Di Lan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan 442002, China
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2
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Wu M, Lin G, Li R, Liu X, Liu S, Zhao J, Xie W. Molecular-caged metal-organic frameworks for energy management. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadl4449. [PMID: 38718124 PMCID: PMC11078190 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adl4449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) hold great promise for diverse applications when combined with polymers. However, a persistent challenge lies in the susceptibility of exposed MOF pores to molecule and polymer penetration, compromising the porosity and overall performance. Here, we design a molecular-caged MOF (MC-MOF) to achieve contracted window without sacrificing the MOF porosity by torsional conjugated ligands. These molecular cages effectively shield against the undesired molecule penetration during polymerization, thereby preserving the pristine porosity of MC-MOF and providing outstanding light and thermal management to the composites. The polymer containing 0.5 wt % MC-MOF achieves an 83% transmittance and an exceptional haze of 93% at 550 nanometers, coupled with remarkable thermal insulation. These MC-MOF/polymer composites offer the potential for more uniform daylighting and reduced energy consumption in sustainable buildings when compared to traditional glass materials. This work delivers a general method to uphold MOF porosity in polymers through molecular cage design, advancing MOF-polymer applications in energy and sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghong Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory Guangdong High Property and Functional Polymer Materials, Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Gengye Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory Guangdong High Property and Functional Polymer Materials, Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Rui Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory Guangdong High Property and Functional Polymer Materials, Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xing Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory Guangdong High Property and Functional Polymer Materials, Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Shumei Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory Guangdong High Property and Functional Polymer Materials, Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jianqing Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory Guangdong High Property and Functional Polymer Materials, Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Weiqi Xie
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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3
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An Q, Ren J, Jia X, Qu S, Zhang N, Li X, Fan G, Pan S, Zhang Z, Wu K. Anisotropic materials based on carbohydrate polymers: A review of fabrication strategies, properties, and applications. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 330:121801. [PMID: 38368095 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Anisotropic structures exist in almost all living organisms to endow them with superior properties and physiological functionalities. However, conventional artificial materials possess unordered isotropic structures, resulting in limited functions and applications. The development of anisotropic structures on carbohydrates is reported to have an impact on their properties and applications. In this review, various alignment strategies for carbohydrates (i.e., cellulose, chitin and alginate) from bottom-up to top-down strategies are discussed, including the rapidly developed innovative technologies such as shear-induced orientation through extrusion-based 3D/4D printing, magnetic-assisted alignment, and electric-induced alignment. The unique properties and wide applications of anisotropic carbohydrate materials across different fields, from biomedical, biosensors, smart actuators, soft conductive materials, to thermal management are also summarized. Finally, recommendations on the selection of fabrication strategies are given. The major challenge lies in the construction of long-range hierarchical alignment with high orientation degree and precise control over complicated architectures. With the future development of hierarchical alignment strategies, alignment control techniques, and alignment mechanism elucidation, the potential of anisotropic carbohydrate materials for scalable manufacture and clinical applications will be fully realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi An
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jingnan Ren
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiao Jia
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shasha Qu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Nawei Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiao Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Gang Fan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Siyi Pan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhifeng Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China; Ningxia Huaxinda Health Technology Co., Ltd., Lingwu 751400, China
| | - Kangning Wu
- Ningxia Huaxinda Health Technology Co., Ltd., Lingwu 751400, China
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4
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Su J, Yang Y, Wan C, Li X, Chai Y, Chai H, Yuan J, Wu Y. A Novel Flame-Retardant, Smoke-Suppressing, and Superhydrophobic Transparent Bamboo. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2024; 7:0317. [PMID: 38357698 PMCID: PMC10865110 DOI: 10.34133/research.0317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Silica glass, known for its brittleness, weight, and non-biodegradable nature, faces challenges in finding suitable alternatives. Transparent wood, made by infusing polymers into wood, shows promise but is hindered by limited availability of wood in China and fire risks associated with its use. This study explores the potential of utilizing bamboo, which has a shorter growth cycle, as a valuable resource for developing flame-retardant, smoke-suppressing, and superhydrophobic transparent bamboo. A 3-layered flame-retardant barrier, composed of a top silane layer, an intermediate layer of SiO2 formed through hydrolysis-condensation of Na2SiO3 on the surface, and an inner layer of Na2SiO3, has been confirmed to be effective in reducing heat release, slowing flame spread, and inhibiting the release of combustible volatiles, toxic smoke, and CO. Compared to natural bamboo and other congeneric transparent products, the transparent bamboo displays remarkable superiority, with the majority of parameters being notably lower by an entire order of magnitude. It achieves a long ignition time of 116 s, low total heat release (0.7 MJ/m2), low total smoke production (0.063 m2), and low peak CO concentration (0.008 kg/kg). Moreover, when used as a substrate for perovskite solar cells, the transparent bamboo displays the potential to act as a light management layer, leading to a marked efficiency enhancement of 15.29%. The excellent features of transparent bamboo make it an enticing choice for future advancements in flame-retardant glasses and optical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Su
- College of Materials Science and Engineering,
Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, P. R. China
| | - Yadong Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering,
Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, P. R. China
| | - Caichao Wan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering,
Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, P. R. China
- Yihua Lifestyle Technology Co., Ltd., Huaidong Industrial Zone, Lianxia Town, Chenghai District, Shantou 515834, P. R. China
| | - Xingong Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering,
Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, P. R. China
| | - Yaling Chai
- College of Materials Science and Engineering,
Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, P. R. China
| | - Huayun Chai
- College of Materials Science and Engineering,
Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, P. R. China
| | - Jianzhong Yuan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering,
Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, P. R. China
| | - Yiqiang Wu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering,
Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, P. R. China
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5
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Lin S, Ramani V, Martin M, Arjunan P, Chong A, Biljecki F, Ignatius M, Poolla K, Miller C. District-scale surface temperatures generated from high-resolution longitudinal thermal infrared images. Sci Data 2023; 10:859. [PMID: 38042845 PMCID: PMC10693543 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02749-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper describes a dataset collected by infrared thermography, a non-contact, non-intrusive technique to acquire data and analyze the built environment in various aspects. While most studies focus on the city and building scales, an observatory installed on a rooftop provides high temporal and spatial resolution observations with dynamic interactions on the district scale. The rooftop infrared thermography observatory with a multi-modal platform capable of assessing a wide range of dynamic processes in urban systems was deployed in Singapore. It was placed on the top of two buildings that overlook the outdoor context of the National University of Singapore campus. The platform collects remote sensing data from tropical areas on a temporal scale, allowing users to determine the temperature trend of individual features such as buildings, roads, and vegetation. The dataset includes 1,365,921 thermal images collected on average at approximately 10-second intervals from two locations during ten months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subin Lin
- Berkeley Education Alliance for Research in Singapore, CREATE Tower 1 Create 6 Way, 138602, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vasantha Ramani
- Berkeley Education Alliance for Research in Singapore, CREATE Tower 1 Create 6 Way, 138602, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Miguel Martin
- Berkeley Education Alliance for Research in Singapore, CREATE Tower 1 Create 6 Way, 138602, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pandarasamy Arjunan
- Berkeley Education Alliance for Research in Singapore, CREATE Tower 1 Create 6 Way, 138602, Singapore, Singapore
- Robert Bosch Centre for Cyber-physical Systems, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - Adrian Chong
- Department of the Built Environment, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Architecture Drive, 117566, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Filip Biljecki
- Department of Architecture, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Architecture Drive, 117566, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Real Estate, Business School, National University of Singapore, 15 Kent Ridge Drive, 119245, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marcel Ignatius
- Department of Architecture, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Architecture Drive, 117566, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kameshwar Poolla
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Clayton Miller
- Department of the Built Environment, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Architecture Drive, 117566, Singapore, Singapore.
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6
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Feng Q, Wang L, Wan Z, Bu X, Deng Q, Li D, Chen C, Xu Z. Efficient ultraviolet blocking film on the lignin-rich lignocellulosic nanofibril from bamboo. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 250:126059. [PMID: 37544557 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The ultraviolet (UV) blocking performance of current bio-based devices is always limited by delignification and exploited chemical treatment. Lignocellulosic nanofibril (LCNF) is a promising green alternative that could efficiently impede UV radiation. Herein, we proposed a robust LCNF film that achieved 99.8 ± 0.19 % UVB blocking, 96.1 ± 0.23 % UVA blocking, and was highly transparent without complex chemical modification. Compared to conventional lignin composites, this LCNF method involves 29.5 ± 2.31 % lignin content directly extracted from bamboo as a broad-spectrum sun blocker. This bamboo-based LCNF film revealed an excellent tensile strength of 94.9 ± 3.6 MPa and outstanding stability, adapting to the natural environment's variability. The residual hemicellulose could also embed the link between lignin and cellulose, confirming high lignin content in the network. The connection between lignin and hemicelluloses in the cellulose network was explored and described for the fibrillation of lignocellulosic nanofibrils. This research highlights the promising development of LCNFs for UV protection and bio-based solar absorption materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Feng
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210037, PR China
| | - Luzhen Wang
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210037, PR China
| | - Zhangmin Wan
- Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chemistry and Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Xiangting Bu
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210037, PR China
| | - Qiaoyun Deng
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210037, PR China
| | - Dagang Li
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210037, PR China.
| | - Chuchu Chen
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210037, PR China.
| | - Zhaoyang Xu
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210037, PR China.
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7
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Xu D, Shang J, Wang J, Li Y, Peng Y, Li X, Zhou J. Effect of hemicellulose content on the solution properties of cellulose carbamates in NaOH/ZnO aqueous system. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 246:125649. [PMID: 37394215 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Hemicellulose removal from bleached bamboo pulp is key to produce qualified dissolving pulps. In this work, alkali/urea aqueous solution was firstly applied to remove hemicellulose in bleached bamboo pulp (BP). The effect of urea usage, time and temperature on the hemicellulose content of BP was studied. The reduction of hemicellulose content from 15.9 to 5.7 % was achieved in 6 wt% NaOH/1 wt% urea aqueous solution at 40 °C for 30 min. Cellulose carbamates (CCs) were obtained from the esterification of BP with urea. The dissolution behavior of CCs in NaOH/ZnO aqueous solutions with different degree of polymerization (DP), hemicellulose and nitrogen contents were studied by using optical microscope and rheology. The highest solubility was up to 97.7 % when the hemicellulose was 5.7 % and Mη was 6.5 × 104 (g/mol). With the decrease of hemicellulose content from 15.9 % to 8.60 % and 5.70 %, the gel temperature increased from 59.0, 69.0 to 73.4 °C. The apparent gelation time increased from 5640 to 12,120 s with the hemicellulose content increased from 8.60 % to 15.9 %. CC solution with 5.70 % hemicellulose always keeps a liquid-state (G" > G') until the test time reached 17,000 s. The results showed that the removal of hemicellulose, the decrease of DP and the increase of esterification endowed CC with higher solubility and solution stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingfeng Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, PR China.
| | - Jiaoping Shang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, PR China
| | - Junmei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, PR China
| | - Yibao Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, PR China.
| | - Yun Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, PR China
| | - Xingxing Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, PR China.
| | - Jinping Zhou
- Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymers-Based Medical Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
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8
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Qin S, Liu K, Wang Y, Ren D, Zhang S, Zhai Y, Ma H, Zhou X, Huang F. Constructing An All-Natural Bulk Structural Material from Surface-Charged Bamboo Cellulose Fibers with Enhanced Mechanical and Thermal Properties. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202202185. [PMID: 36807548 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202202185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Bamboo is widely distributed, rapidly regenerable, and incorporates long cellulose fibers, which make it one of the most lightweight and strong natural materials. Processing bamboo into a high-performance structural material for plastic replacement is highly promising but challenging. In this study, an all-natural, high-performance structural material is derived from natural bamboo with superior mechanical and thermal properties that benefit from the introduction of surface charge and further layer-by-layer assembly of bamboo cellulose fibers. The obtained modified bamboo fiber plate (MBFP) transcends the constraints of the natural size and anisotropy of bamboo, showing high flexural strength (ca. 179 MPa) and flexural modulus (ca. 12 GPa). Moreover, the product has an extremely low coefficient of thermal expansion (ca. 11.3×10-6 K-1 ), high thermal stability, and superior fire resistance. The excellent mechanical and thermal properties combined with the efficient and rational manufacturing process make MBFP a powerful plastic alternative for furniture, construction, and automotive industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizheng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200050, Shanghai, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Kun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200050, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200050, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Dayong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200050, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shaoning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200050, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yangzhou Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Huihuang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Fuqiang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200050, Shanghai, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, P. R. China
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9
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Yang F, Jin C, Wang S, Wang Y, Wei L, Zheng L, Gu H, Lam SS, Naushad M, Li C, Sonne C. Bamboo-based magnetic activated carbon for efficient removal of sulfadiazine: Application and adsorption mechanism. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 323:138245. [PMID: 36841450 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Due to increasing antibiotic pollution in the water environment, green and efficient adsorbents are urgently needed to solve this problem. Here we prepare magnetic bamboo-based activated carbon (MDBAC) through delignification and carbonization using ZnCl2 as activator, resulting in production of an activated carbon with large specific surface area (1388.83 m2 g-1). The influencing factors, such as solution pH, initial sulfadiazine (SD) concentration, temperature, and contact time, were assessed in batch adsorption experiments. The Langmuir isotherm model demonstrated that MDBAC adsorption capacity on SD was 645.08 mg g-1 at its maximum, being higher than majority of previously reported adsorbents. In SD adsorption, the kinetic adsorption process closely followed the pseudo-second kinetic model, and the thermodynamic adsorption process was discovered to be exothermic and spontaneous in nature. The MDBAC exhibited excellent physicochemical stability, facile magnetic recovery and acceptable recyclability properties. Moreover, the synergistic interactions between MDBAC and SD mainly involved electrostatic forces, hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking, and chelation. Within the benefits of low cost, ease of production and excellent adsorption performance, the MDBAC biosorbent shows promising utilization in removing antibiotic contaminants from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Can Jin
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF; National Engineering Research Center of Low-Carbon Processing and Utilization of Forest Biomass; Key Lab. of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Sen Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Lu Wei
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Longhui Zheng
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Haiping Gu
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Mu Naushad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Cheng Li
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Christian Sonne
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark.
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10
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Duan Q, Zhang X, Lang S, Liu G, Wang H, Zhou X, Du G. Dimensionally Stable Delignified Bamboo Matrix Phase-Change Composite under Ambient Temperature for Indoor Thermal Regulation. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15071727. [PMID: 37050341 PMCID: PMC10096646 DOI: 10.3390/polym15071727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Energy storage materials to modulate indoor microclimates are needed to improve energy efficiency and for human comfort. Of these, phase-change material (PCM) is considered a very useful material because of its excellent latent heat energy storage. For application, some synthetic porous materials for supporting PCM are usually not friendly enough for people and housing environments due to their non-degradation characteristics. Hence, to develop an eco-friendly porous material is needed in order to encapsulate PCM composites that are always expected in indoor applications. In this work, heat-treated bamboo bricks were delignified to provide a delignified bamboo (DB) matrix. A phase-change composite was then fabricated by impregnating DB with polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymer. Impregnation was carried out under wet conditions to ensure the regular arrangement of the DB structure so as to achieve dimensional stability. The final DB/PEG composite was investigated for dimensional stability, load rate, latent heat, and phase-change temperature. Results showed that the DB matrix could be easily impregnated with PEG polymer under wet conditions, and the DB/PEG composite was found to have high enthalpy and a large phase-change temperature interval. Moreover, the composite was found to be a good regulator of indoor temperature and a stable dimension with a snow-white appearance. In summary, this DB/PEG composite is an energy storage material with the potential to modulate ambient indoor temperature and reduce building energy consumption.
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Jiao GJ, Ma J, Zhang J, Zhai S, Sun R. Efficient extraction of uranium from seawater by reticular polyamidoxime-functionalized oriented holocellulose bundles. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 300:120244. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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12
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Mariani A, Malucelli G. Transparent Wood-Based Materials: Current State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:9069. [PMID: 36556874 PMCID: PMC9788626 DOI: 10.3390/ma15249069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Human history is largely characterized by the massive use of wood, the most well-known natural composite material, possessing unique thermal, mechanical, and environmental features that make it suitable for several applications, ranging from civil engineering, art, and household uses, to business uses (including furniture, stationery, shipbuilding, and fuel). Further, as a renewable and recyclable biomass, wood perfectly matches the current circular economy concept. However, because of its structure and composition, wood is not transparent: therefore, the possibility of removing the embedded lignin, hence limiting the light-scattering phenomena, has been investigated over the last ten to fifteen years, hence obtaining the so-called "transparent wood (TW)". This latter represents an up-to-date key material, as it can be utilized as obtained or further functionalized, combining the transparency with other features (such as flame retardance, energy storage ability, and environmental protection, among others), which widen the potential (and practical) applications of wood. The present manuscript aims at summarizing first the current methods employed for obtaining transparent wood, and then the latest achievements concerning the properties of transparent wood, providing the reader with some perspectives about its novel functionalizations and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Mariani
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Giulio Malucelli
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Viale Teresa Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
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Wang J, Wu X, Wang Y, Zhao W, Zhao Y, Zhou M, Wu Y, Ji G. Green, Sustainable Architectural Bamboo with High Light Transmission and Excellent Electromagnetic Shielding as a Candidate for Energy-Saving Buildings. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2022; 15:11. [PMID: 36495422 PMCID: PMC9741695 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-00982-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Currently, light-transmitting, energy-saving, and electromagnetic shielding materials are essential for reducing indoor energy consumption and improving the electromagnetic environment. Here, we developed a cellulose composite with excellent optical transmittance that retained the natural shape and fiber structure of bamboo. The modified whole bamboo possessed an impressive optical transmittance of approximately 60% at 6.23 mm, illuminance of 1000 luminance (lux), water absorption stability (mass change rate less than 4%), longitudinal tensile strength (46.40 MPa), and surface properties (80.2 HD). These were attributed to not only the retention of the natural circular hollow structure of the bamboo rod on the macro, but also the complete bamboo fiber skeleton template impregnated with UV resin on the micro. Moreover, a multilayered device consisting of translucent whole bamboo, transparent bamboo sheets, and electromagnetic shielding film exhibited remarkable heat insulation and heat preservation performance as well as an electromagnetic shielding performance of 46.3 dB. The impressive optical transmittance, mechanical properties, thermal performance, and electromagnetic shielding abilities combined with the renewable and sustainable nature, as well as the fast and efficient manufacturing process, make this bamboo composite material suitable for effective application in transparent, energy-saving, and electromagnetic shielding buildings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- College of Furnishings and Industrial Design, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Wu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajing Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiying Zhao
- College of Furnishings and Industrial Design, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211100, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhou
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wu
- College of Furnishings and Industrial Design, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guangbin Ji
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211100, People's Republic of China.
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Xie X, Yuan T, Yao Y, Li G, Li Y, Wang X. Phytic Acid-based hybrid complexes for improving the interfacial property and mildew-resistance of heat-treated bamboo. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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15
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Zhang X, Guo F, Yu Z, Cao M, Wang H, Yang R, Yu Y, Salmén L. Why Do Bamboo Parenchyma Cells Show Higher Nanofibrillation Efficiency than Fibers: An Investigation on Their Hierarchical Cell Wall Structure. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:4053-4062. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuexia Zhang
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
- National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
| | - Fei Guo
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
- National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
| | - Zuofeng Yu
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
- National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
| | - Mengdan Cao
- Institute of New Bamboo and Rattan Based Biomaterials, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, P. R. China
| | - Hankun Wang
- Institute of New Bamboo and Rattan Based Biomaterials, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, P. R. China
| | - Rilong Yang
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
- National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
| | - Yan Yu
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
- Institute of New Bamboo and Rattan Based Biomaterials, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, P. R. China
- National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
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Liang X, Yao Y, Xiao X, Liu X, Wang X, Li Y. Pressure-Steam Heat Treatment-Enhanced Anti-Mildew Property of Arc-Shaped Bamboo Sheets. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14173644. [PMID: 36080719 PMCID: PMC9460520 DOI: 10.3390/polym14173644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Bamboo is one of the most promising biomass materials in the world. However, the poor anti-mildew property and poor dimensional stability limits its outdoor applications. Current scholars focus on the modification of bamboo through heat treatment. Arc-shaped bamboo sheets are new bamboo products for special decoration in daily life. In this paper, we reported pressure-steam heat treatment and explored the effect of pressure-steam on the micro-structure, crystallinity index, anti-mildew, chemical composition, physical properties, and mechanical properties of bamboo via X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), wet chemistry method and nanoindentation (NI). Herein, saturated-steam heat treatment was applied for modified moso bamboo for enhancing the anti-mildew properties and mechanical properties of moso bamboo. Results showed that with the introduction of saturated steam, the content of hemicellulose and cellulose decreased, while the lignin-relative content increased significantly. The anti-mildew property of moso bamboo was enhanced due to the decomposition of polysaccharide. Last, the modulus of elasticity and hardness of treated moso bamboo cell walls were enhanced after saturated-steam heat treatment. For example, the MOE of the treated moso bamboo cell wall increased from 12.7 GPa to 15.7 GPa. This heat treatment strategy can enhance the anti-mildew property of moso bamboo and can gain more attention from entrepreneurs and scholars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Liang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Hangzhou ZhuangYi Furniture Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 311251, China
| | - Yan Yao
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Hangzhou ZhuangYi Furniture Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 311251, China
- Bamboo Engineering and Technology Research Center, State Forestry and Grassland, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xiaorong Liu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Hangzhou ZhuangYi Furniture Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 311251, China
| | - Xinzhou Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Dareglobal Technologies Group Co., Ltd., Danyang 212310, China
- Correspondence: (X.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yanjun Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Dareglobal Technologies Group Co., Ltd., Danyang 212310, China
- Correspondence: (X.W.); (Y.L.)
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Optically Transparent Bamboo: Preparation, Properties, and Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14163234. [PMID: 36015491 PMCID: PMC9415768 DOI: 10.3390/polym14163234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The enormous pressures of energy consumption and the severe pollution produced by non-renewable resources have prompted researchers to develop various environmentally friendly energy-saving materials. Transparent bamboo represents an emerging result of biomass material research that has been identified and studied for its many advantages, including light weight, excellent light transmittance, environmental sustainability, superior mechanical properties, and low thermal conductivity. The present review summarizes methods for preparing transparent bamboo, including delignification and resin impregnation. Next, transparent bamboo performance is quantified in terms of optical, mechanical, and thermal conductivity characteristics and compared with other conventional and emerging synthetic materials. Potential applications of transparent bamboo are then discussed using various functionalizations achieved through doping nanomaterials or modified resins to realize advanced energy-efficient building materials, decorative elements, and optoelectronic devices. Finally, challenges associated with the preparation, performance improvement, and production scaling of transparent bamboo are summarized, suggesting opportunities for the future development of this novel, bio-based, and advanced material.
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Yu H, Gui C, Ji Y, Li X, Rao F, Huan W, Li L. Changes in Chemical and Thermal Properties of Bamboo after Delignification Treatment. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14132573. [PMID: 35808618 PMCID: PMC9269071 DOI: 10.3390/polym14132573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bamboo delignification is a common method for studying its functional value-added applications. In this study, bamboo samples were delignified by treatment with sodium chlorite. The effects of this treatment on the bamboo’s microstructure, surface chemical composition, and pyrolysis behaviour were evaluated. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were conducted to evaluate these parameters. The FTIR results demonstrated that the lignin peak decreased or disappeared, and some hemicellulose peaks decreased, indicating that sodium chlorite treatment effectively removed lignin and partly decomposed hemicellulose, although cellulose was less affected. The XPS results showed that, after treatment, the oxygen-to-carbon atomic ratio of delignified bamboo increased from 0.34 to 0.45, indicating a lack of lignin. XRD revealed increased crystallinity in delignified bamboo. Further pyrolysis analysis of treated and untreated bamboo showed that, although the pyrolysis stage of the delignified bamboo did not change, the maximum thermal degradation rate (Rmax) and its corresponding temperature (from 353.78 to 315.62 °C) decreased significantly, indicating that the pyrolysis intensity of the bamboo was weakened after delignification. Overall, this study showed that delignified bamboo develops loose surfaces, increased pores, and noticeable fibres, indicating that alkali-treated bamboo has promising application potential due to its novel and specific functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Yu
- College of Engineering, Yantai Nanshan University, Yantai 265713, China;
| | - Chengsheng Gui
- Zhejiang Shenghua Yunfeng New Material Co., Ltd., Huzhou 313200, China;
| | - Yaohui Ji
- Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China;
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Department of Efficient Utilization of Bamboo and Wood, Wenyi Road 310, Hangzhou 310012, China;
| | - Fei Rao
- School of Art and Design, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China;
| | - Weiwei Huan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China;
| | - Luming Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China;
- Correspondence:
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Yuan T, Zhang T, Huang Y, Wu Y, Wang X, Li Y. Study on Bamboo Longitudinal Flattening Technology. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14040816. [PMID: 35215729 PMCID: PMC8963120 DOI: 10.3390/polym14040816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we introduced a bamboo longitudinal flattening technology and analyzed the effects of the softening–flattening process on the physical and mechanical properties of moso bamboo. This is a newer bamboo processing technology that can enhance the utilization and reduce pollution compared with traditional bamboo-based products. Results showed that the parenchyma cells distorted and compacted due to the flattening process. The hemicellulose and cellulose content decreased, while the content of lignin presented an increasing tendency. As expected, the dimensional stability of moso bamboo enhanced due to the decrement of hemicellulose. The softening–flattening process positively contributed to the micro-mechanical properties of treated bamboo specimens. For example, the hardness and modulus of elasticity of the untreated bamboo sample increased from 0.58 and 15.7 GPa to 0.8 and 17.5 GPa, respectively. In addition, the changes in cellulose crystallinity and mechanical properties were also investigated in this paper. The cellulose crystallinity increased from 37.5% to 43.2%, significantly. However, the modulus of rupture of the flattened bamboo board decreased from 9000 to 7500 MPa due to the grooves made by the flattening roller. The MOE of flattening bamboo board showed the same decreasing tendency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiancheng Yuan
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.Y.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (X.W.)
- Bamboo Engineering and Technology Research Center, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.Y.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (X.W.)
- Bamboo Engineering and Technology Research Center, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yaqian Huang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.Y.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (X.W.)
- Bamboo Engineering and Technology Research Center, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yifei Wu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.Y.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (X.W.)
- Bamboo Engineering and Technology Research Center, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xinzhou Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.Y.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (X.W.)
- Bamboo Engineering and Technology Research Center, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yanjun Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.Y.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (X.W.)
- Bamboo Engineering and Technology Research Center, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanjing 210037, China
- Correspondence:
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Wu Y, Wang J, Wang Y, Zhou J. Properties of Multilayer Transparent Bamboo Materials. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:33747-33756. [PMID: 34926923 PMCID: PMC8675012 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to solve the shortcomings of the current transparent bamboo veneer with a small thickness and low light transmittance by means of lamination. The delignified bamboo templates were vacuum impregnated with an epoxy resin, and the impregnated bamboo templates were laminated with the same radial texture using the viscosity of the epoxy resin to obtain multilayer transparent bamboo (MLTB). The multilayer stacking method can greatly improve the optical and mechanical properties of transparent bamboo. The transparent bamboo with a thickness of 1.2 mm and the delignified bamboo with a volume fraction of 44.8% prepared by multilayer stacking exhibited an improved total optical transmissivity of up to 78.6%, while the highest transmittance of bamboo (0.9 mm thick) without multilayer stacking treatment was only 10.4%. Compared with the single-layer transparent bamboo with a thickness of 2.1 mm, the maximum tensile strength of the seven-layer transparent bamboo was 4 times that of the single-layer transparent bamboo. Therefore, MLTB can compensate to a certain extent for the low light transmission and poor mechanical properties of single-layer transparent bamboo. Overall, MLTB shows a richer and more layered texture, which has more esthetic value. It is a kind of natural transparent material with good light transmittance and excellent mechanical properties, which has a good development prospect as a structural material in the fields of construction, household, and electronic products.
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Abstract
Wood modification is now widely recognized as offering enhanced properties of wood and overcoming issues such as dimensional instability and biodegradability which affect natural wood. Typical wood modification systems use chemical modification, impregnation modification or thermal modification, and these vary in the properties achieved. As control and understanding of the wood modification systems has progressed, further opportunities have arisen to add extra functionalities to the modified wood. These include UV stabilisation, fire retardancy, or enhanced suitability for paints and coatings. Thus, wood may become a multi-functional material through a series of modifications, treatments or reactions, to create a high-performance material with previously impossible properties. In this paper we review systems that combine the well-established wood modification procedures with secondary techniques or modifications to deliver emerging technologies with multi-functionality. The new applications targeted using this additional functionality are diverse and range from increased electrical conductivity, creation of sensors or responsive materials, improvement of wellbeing in the built environment, and enhanced fire and flame protection. We identified two parallel and connected themes: (1) the functionalisation of modified timber and (2) the modification of timber to provide (multi)-functionality. A wide range of nanotechnology concepts have been harnessed by this new generation of wood modifications and wood treatments. As this field is rapidly expanding, we also include within the review trends from current research in order to gauge the state of the art, and likely direction of travel of the industry.
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