1
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Mu H, Yang M, Wang S, Zhang Y, Guan X, Li H, Jin G. Concerning for the solvent-polarity-dependent conformational equilibrium and ESIPT mechanism in Pz3HC system: A novel insight. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 317:124412. [PMID: 38733913 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
In this report, we propose a new insight into the interaction between the solvent-polarity-dependent conformational equilibrium and excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) behavior of Pz3HC system in four different polar solvents (polarity order: ACN > THF > TOL > CYC). Using quantum chemistry method, we first announce a coexistence mechanism between Pz3HC-1 and Pz3HC-3 in the ground state in four solvents based on the Boltzmann distribution. In particular, Pz3HC-1 is the principal configuration in non-polar solvent, but Pz3HC-3 is the principal configuration in polar solvent. In addition, the simulated fluorescence spectra interprets the negative solvatochromism effect of Pz3HC-1 and Pz3HC-3 in four solvents. The evidence from intramolecular hydrogen bonding (IHB) parameters and electronic perspective collectively confirms the light-induced IHB enhancement and intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) properties in Pz3HC-1 and Pz3HC-3, which raises the likelihood of the ESIPT process. Combining the calculation of potential energy curve (PEC) and intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC), we demonstrate that the ESIPT ease of Pz3HC-1 in different polar solvents obeys the order of CYC > TOL > THF > ACN, while the order of ESIPT ease in Pz3HC-3 is opposite. Notably, the ESIPT process of Pz3HC-3 in CYC solvent is accompanied by the twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) process. In addition, we also reveal that the enol* and keto* fluorescence peaks of Pz3HC-3 in CYC solvent are quenched by ISC and TICT process, respectively. Our work not only provides a satisfactory explanation of the novel dynamics mechanism for Pz3HC system, but also brings light to the design and application of new sensing molecules in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Mu
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Solid-State Laser Technology and Application, School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Min Yang
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Solid-State Laser Technology and Application, School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Siqi Wang
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Solid-State Laser Technology and Application, School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yifu Zhang
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Solid-State Laser Technology and Application, School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Xiaotong Guan
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Solid-State Laser Technology and Application, School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Hui Li
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Solid-State Laser Technology and Application, School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China.
| | - Guangyong Jin
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Solid-State Laser Technology and Application, School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China.
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2
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He B, Zhong Q, Dong Q, Yang X, Cowling SJ, Qiao W, Bruce DW, Zhu W, Duan P, Wang Y. Liquid-crystalline circularly polarised TADF emitters for high-efficiency, solution-processable organic light-emitting diodes. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:1251-1260. [PMID: 38131645 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01736b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Achieving a high emission efficiency and a large luminescence asymmetry factor (glum) in a single molecule exhibiting circularly polarised thermally activated delayed fluorescence (CP-TADF) remains a formidable challenge. In this work, a proof-of-concept, liquid-crystalline CP-TADF molecule is proposed to realise high glum by taking advantage of the order inherent in liquid crystals. Employing a chiral dinaphthol-based CP-TADF molecule as the emissive unit, a pair of liquid-crystalline CP-TADF molecules (R/S-4) is synthesised via the introduction of six mesogenic moieties. The enantiomers show intense emission at about 520 nm which has clear TADF and liquid-crystalline characteristics. Both enantiomers display symmetrical electronic circular dichroism (CD) and circular polarisation luminescence (CPL) signals as thin films. Impressively, relatively large glum values of 0.11 are realised for the films. Solution-processed devices were fabricated using R/S-4 as the dopants, with the TADF molecule CzAcSF as the sensitiser. The OLEDs so prepared show a very high maximum external quantum efficiency of 21.2%, revealing a novel strategy for realising large glum values in CP-TADF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghong He
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China.
| | - Qihang Zhong
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China.
| | - Qiwei Dong
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China.
| | - Xuefeng Yang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), No. 11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Stephen J Cowling
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Wenjian Qiao
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China.
- Zaozhuang Reinno Optoelectronic Information Co., Ltd., China
| | - Duncan W Bruce
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Weiguo Zhu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China.
| | - Pengfei Duan
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), No. 11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Yafei Wang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China.
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3
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Chen Y, Lu S, Abbas Abedi SA, Jeong M, Li H, Hwa Kim M, Park S, Liu X, Yoon J, Chen X. Janus-Type ESIPT Chromophores with Distinctive Intramolecular Hydrogen-bonding Selectivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311543. [PMID: 37602709 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT)-based solid luminescent materials with multiple hydrogen bond acceptors (HBAs) remain unexplored. Herein, we introduced a family of Janus-type ESIPT chromophores featuring distinctive hydrogen bond (H-bond) selectivity between competitive HBAs in a single molecule. Our investigations showed that the central hydroxyl group preferentially forms intramolecular H-bonds with imines in imine-modified 2-hydroxyphenyl benzothiazole (HBT) chromophores but tethers the benzothiazole moiety in hydrazone-modified HBT chromophores. Imine-derived HBTs generally exhibit higher fluorescence efficiency, while hydrazone-derived HBTs show a reduced overlap between the absorption and fluorescence bands. Quantum chemical calculations unveiled the molecular origins of the biased intramolecular H-bonds and their impact on the ESIPT process. This Janus-type ESIPT chromophore skeleton provides new opportunities for the design of solid luminescent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, 211816, Nanjing, China
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 03760, Seoul, Korea
- New and Renewable Energy Research Center, Ewha Womans University, 03760, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, 211816, Nanjing, China
| | - Syed Ali Abbas Abedi
- Fluorescence Research Group, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, 487372, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Minseok Jeong
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Natural Science, Korea University, 02841, Seoul, Korea
| | - Haidong Li
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Hi-tech Zone, 116024, Dalian, China
| | - Myung Hwa Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 03760, Seoul, Korea
- New and Renewable Energy Research Center, Ewha Womans University, 03760, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sungnam Park
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Natural Science, Korea University, 02841, Seoul, Korea
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Fluorescence Research Group, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, 487372, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 03760, Seoul, Korea
| | - Xiaoqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, 211816, Nanjing, China
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4
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Keruckiene R, Vijaikis E, Chen CH, Lin BY, Huang JX, Chu CC, Dzeng YC, Chen C, Lee JH, Chiu TL, Macionis S, Keruckas J, Butkute R, Grazulevicius JV. Power Efficiency Enhancement of Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Due to the Favorable Horizontal Orientation of a Naphthyridine-Based Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Luminophore. ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS 2023; 5:1013-1023. [PMID: 36873261 PMCID: PMC9979784 DOI: 10.1021/acsaelm.2c01529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Four emitters based on the naphthyridine acceptor moiety and various donor units exhibiting thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) were designed and synthesized. The emitters exhibited excellent TADF properties with a small ΔE ST and a high photoluminescence quantum yield. A green TADF organic light-emitting diode based on 10-(4-(1,8-naphthyridin-2-yl)phenyl)-10H-phenothiazine exhibited a maximum external quantum efficiency of 16.4% with Commission Internationale de L'éclairage coordinates of (0.368, 0.569) as well as a high current and power efficiency of 58.6 cd/A and 57.1 lm/W, respectively. The supreme power efficiency is a record-high value among the reported values of devices with naphthyridine-based emitters. This results from its high photoluminescence quantum yield, efficient TADF, and horizontal molecular orientation. The molecular orientations of the films of the host and the host doped with the naphthyridine emitter were explored by angle-dependent photoluminescence and grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS). The orientation order parameters (ΘADPL) were found to be 0.37, 0.45, 0.62, and 0.74 for the naphthyridine dopants with dimethylacridan, carbazole, phenoxazine, and phenothiazine donor moieties, respectively. These results were also proven by GIWAXS measurement. The derivative of naphthyridine and phenothiazine was shown to be more flexible to align with the host and to show the favorable horizontal molecular orientation and crystalline domain size, benefiting the outcoupling efficiency and contributing to the device efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasa Keruckiene
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas
University of Technology, K. Barsausko St. 59, LT-50254Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Eimantas Vijaikis
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas
University of Technology, K. Barsausko St. 59, LT-50254Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Chia-Hsun Chen
- Materials
Science and Engineering and Physics, Graduate Institute of Photonics
and Optoelectronics and Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei10617, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Yen Lin
- Department
of Opto-Electronics Engineering, National
Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien974301, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Xiang Huang
- Materials
Science and Engineering and Physics, Graduate Institute of Photonics
and Optoelectronics and Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei10617, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chieh Chu
- Materials
Science and Engineering and Physics, Graduate Institute of Photonics
and Optoelectronics and Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chung Dzeng
- Research
Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei11529, Taiwan
| | - Chi Chen
- Research
Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei11529, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Haw Lee
- Materials
Science and Engineering and Physics, Graduate Institute of Photonics
and Optoelectronics and Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei10617, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Lung Chiu
- Department
of Electrical Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li32003, Taiwan
| | - Simas Macionis
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas
University of Technology, K. Barsausko St. 59, LT-50254Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jonas Keruckas
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas
University of Technology, K. Barsausko St. 59, LT-50254Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rita Butkute
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas
University of Technology, K. Barsausko St. 59, LT-50254Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Juozas Vidas Grazulevicius
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas
University of Technology, K. Barsausko St. 59, LT-50254Kaunas, Lithuania
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5
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Matsuya M, Sasabe H, Sumikoshi S, Hoshi K, Nakao K, Kumada K, Sugiyama R, Sato R, Kido J. Highly Luminescent Aluminum Complex with β-Diketone Ligands Exhibiting Near-Unity Photoluminescence Quantum Yield, Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence, and Rapid Radiative Decay Rate Properties in Solution-Processed Organic Light-Emitting Devices. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2023. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20220327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Misaki Matsuya
- Department of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Hisahiro Sasabe
- Department of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
- Research Center of Organic Electronics (ROEL), Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
- Frontier Center for Organic Materials (FROM), Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Sumikoshi
- Department of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Keigo Hoshi
- Department of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Kohei Nakao
- Department of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Kengo Kumada
- Department of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Ryo Sugiyama
- Department of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Ryoma Sato
- Department of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Junji Kido
- Department of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
- Research Center of Organic Electronics (ROEL), Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
- Frontier Center for Organic Materials (FROM), Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
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6
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Wu S, Kumar Gupta A, Yoshida K, Gong J, Hall D, Cordes DB, Slawin AMZ, Samuel IDW, Zysman‐Colman E. Highly Efficient Green and Red Narrowband Emissive Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Employing Multi-Resonant Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202213697. [PMID: 36300809 PMCID: PMC10100094 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202213697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we demonstrate how judicious selection of the donor decorating a central multi-resonant thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) core based on DiKTa can lead to very high-performance OLEDs. By decorating the DiKTa core with triphenylamine (TPA) and diphenylamine (DPA), 3TPA-DiKTa and 3DPA-DiKTa exhibit bright, narrowband green and red emission in doped films, respectively. The OLEDs based on these emitters showed record-high performance for this family of emitters with maximum external quantum efficiencies (EQEmax ) of 30.8 % for 3TPA-DiKTa at λEL of 551 nm and 16.7 % for 3DPA-DiKTa at λEL =613 nm. The efficiency roll-off in the OLEDs was improved significantly by using 4CzIPN as an assistant dopant in hyperfluorescence (HF) devices. The outstanding device performance has been attributed to preferential horizontal orientation of the transition dipole moments of 3TPA-DiKTa and 3DPA-DiKTa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Wu
- Organic Semiconductor CentreEaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsFifeKY16 9STSt AndrewsUK
| | - Abhishek Kumar Gupta
- Organic Semiconductor CentreEaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsFifeKY16 9STSt AndrewsUK
- Organic Semiconductor CentreSUPA School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of St AndrewsKY16 9SSSt AndrewsUK
| | - Kou Yoshida
- Organic Semiconductor CentreSUPA School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of St AndrewsKY16 9SSSt AndrewsUK
| | - Junyi Gong
- Organic Semiconductor CentreSUPA School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of St AndrewsKY16 9SSSt AndrewsUK
| | - David Hall
- Organic Semiconductor CentreEaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsFifeKY16 9STSt AndrewsUK
| | - David B. Cordes
- Organic Semiconductor CentreEaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsFifeKY16 9STSt AndrewsUK
| | - Alexandra M. Z. Slawin
- Organic Semiconductor CentreEaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsFifeKY16 9STSt AndrewsUK
| | - Ifor D. W. Samuel
- Organic Semiconductor CentreSUPA School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of St AndrewsKY16 9SSSt AndrewsUK
| | - Eli Zysman‐Colman
- Organic Semiconductor CentreEaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsFifeKY16 9STSt AndrewsUK
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7
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Constructing high-efficiency orange-red thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters by three-dimension molecular engineering. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7828. [PMID: 36535962 PMCID: PMC9763412 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35591-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Preparing high-efficiency solution-processable orange-red thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters remains challenging. Herein, we design a series of emitters consisting of trinaphtho[3,3,3]propellane (TNP) core derivatized with different TADF units. Benefiting from the unique hexagonal stacking architecture of TNPs, TADF units are thus kept in the cavities between two TNPs, which decrease concentration quenching and annihilation of long-lived triplet excitons. According to the molecular engineering of TADF and host units, the excited states can further be regulated to effectively enhance spin-orbit coupling (SOC) processes. We observe a high-efficiency orange-red emission at 604 nm in one instance with high SOC value of 0.862 cm-1 and high photoluminescence quantum yield of 70.9%. Solution-processable organic light-emitting diodes exhibit a maximum external quantum efficiency of 24.74%. This study provides a universal strategy for designing high-performance TADF emitters through molecular packing and excited state regulation.
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8
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Anomalous emission of an ESIPT-capable zinc(II) complex: an interplay of TADF, TICT and anti-Kasha behaviour. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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9
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Plaza-Pedroche R, Fernández-Liencres MP, Jiménez-Pulido SB, Illán-Cabeza NA, Achelle S, Navarro A, Rodríguez-López J. Excited-State Intramolecular Proton Transfer in 2-(2'-Hydroxyphenyl)pyrimidines: Synthesis, Optical Properties, and Theoretical Studies. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:24964-24979. [PMID: 35579566 PMCID: PMC9164210 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c05439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The development of fluorescence materials with switched on/off emission has attracted great attention owing to the potential application of these materials in chemical sensing. In this work, the photophysical properties of a series of original 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)pyrimidines were thoroughly studied. The compounds were prepared by following well-established and straightforward methodologies and showed very little or null photoluminescence both in solution and in the solid state. This absence of emission can be explained by a fast proton transfer from the OH group to the nitrogen atoms of the pyrimidine ring to yield an excited tautomer that deactivates through a nonradiative pathway. The key role of the OH group in the emission quenching was demonstrated by the preparation of 2'-unsubstituted derivatives, all of which exhibited violet or blue luminescence. Single crystals of some compounds suitable for an X-ray diffraction analysis could be obtained, which permitted us to investigate inter- and intramolecular interactions and molecular packing structures. The protonation of the pyrimidine ring by an addition of trifluoroacetic acid inhibited the excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) process, causing a reversible switch on fluorescence response detectable by the naked eye. This acidochromic behavior allows 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)pyrimidines to be used as solid-state acid-base vapor sensors and anticounterfeiting agents. Extensive density functional theory and its time-dependent counterpart calculations at the M06-2X/6-31+G** level of theory were performed to rationalize all the experimental results and understand the impact of protonation on the different optical transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Plaza-Pedroche
- Área
de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías
Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La
Mancha, Avda Camilo José Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - M. Paz Fernández-Liencres
- Dpto.
de Química Física y Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias
Experimentales, Campus Las Lagunillas, Universidad
de Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Sonia B. Jiménez-Pulido
- Dpto.
de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Facultad de
Ciencias Experimentales, Campus Las Lagunillas, Universidad de Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Nuria A. Illán-Cabeza
- Dpto.
de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Facultad de
Ciencias Experimentales, Campus Las Lagunillas, Universidad de Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Sylvain Achelle
- Univ
Rennes, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes - UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Amparo Navarro
- Dpto.
de Química Física y Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias
Experimentales, Campus Las Lagunillas, Universidad
de Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Julián Rodríguez-López
- Área
de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías
Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La
Mancha, Avda Camilo José Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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10
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Li W, Chasing P, Nalaoh P, Chawanpunyawat T, Sukpattanacharoen C, Kungwan N, Sudyoadsuk T, Promarak V. Hydroxy‐Tetraphenylimidazole Derivatives as Efficient Blue Emissive Materials for Electroluminescent Devices. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200266. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wan Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Molecular Science and Engineering Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology 21210 Wangchan Rayong Thailand
| | - Pongsakorn Chasing
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Molecular Science and Engineering Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology 21210 Wangchan Rayong Thailand
| | - Phattananawee Nalaoh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Molecular Science and Engineering Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology 21210 Wangchan Rayong Thailand
| | - Thanyarat Chawanpunyawat
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Molecular Science and Engineering Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology 21210 Wangchan Rayong Thailand
| | | | - Nawee Kungwan
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Muang District 50200 Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Taweesak Sudyoadsuk
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Molecular Science and Engineering Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology 21210 Wangchan Rayong Thailand
| | - Vinich Promarak
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Molecular Science and Engineering Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology 21210 Wangchan Rayong Thailand
- Research Network of NANOTEC-VISTEC on Nanotechnology for Energy Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology 21210 Wangchan Rayong Thailand
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11
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Liu L, Zhang J. KI/K2S2O8 Mediated Cascade C(sp3)‐H/C(sp2)‐H Thiolation for the Synthesis of Multi‐Substituted Thiazoles. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lang Liu
- Northwest University College of Chemistry & Materials Science Xuefu avenue 710127 xi'an CHINA
| | - Jun Zhang
- Northwest University College of Chemistry & Materials Science Xuefu avenue 710069 Xi'an CHINA
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12
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Zhu Y, Zeng S, Li B, McEllin AJ, Liao J, Fang Z, Xiao C, Bruce DW, Zhu W, Wang Y. Liquid-Crystalline Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence: Design, Synthesis, and Application in Solution-Processed Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:15437-15447. [PMID: 35323008 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c19932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Realizing both high efficiency and liquid crystallinity in one molecule remains a challenge in thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emission. Herein, two isomeric compounds─m-DPSAc-LC and p-DPSAc-LC with different connection positions between donor and acceptor moieties─were synthesized and characterized. Diphenylsulfone (DPS) was used as the acceptor, acridine (Ac) was used as the donor, and biphenyl derivatives (LC) were employed as the mesogenic group. Both compounds showed a smectic mesophase evidenced by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized optical microscopy (POM), and temperature-dependent small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The compound p-DPSAc-LC clearly exhibited thermally activated delayed fluorescence due to the much more distorted geometry, whereas m-DPSAc-LC showed simple fluorescence. Compared to the parent TADF molecules without appended mesogenic groups (DPS-Ac), these liquid-crystalline emitters possessed higher hole mobilities and improved device performance. The OLEDs fabricated via solution processing using the liquid-crystalline compound p-DPSAc showed a maximum external quantum efficiency of ∼15% and as such is the first example of a liquid-crystalline TADF material in an OLED device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China
| | - Songkun Zeng
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China
| | - Bing Li
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China
| | - Alice J McEllin
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Junxu Liao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, PR China
| | - Zhou Fang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China
| | - Chen Xiao
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China
| | - Duncan W Bruce
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Weiguo Zhu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China
| | - Yafei Wang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China
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13
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Wu M, Liu H, Liu H, Lu T, Wang S, Niu G, Sui L, Bai F, Yang B, Wang K, Yang X, Zou B. Pressure-Induced Restricting Intermolecular Vibration of a Herringbone Dimer for Significantly Enhanced Multicolor Emission in Rotor-Free Truxene Crystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:2493-2499. [PMID: 35274529 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Organic solid-state luminescent materials exhibit numerous exciting photoelectric properties that are central to emergent organic light-emitting diodes, smart sensors, and data encryption. However, the luminescence of pure organic rotor-free materials has been afflicted with strong intermolecular π-π stacking interactions. Herein, an unprecedented pressure-induced emission enhancement (PIEE) is realized in a system of rigid planar pure polycyclic aromatics, i.e., truxene crystals. The emission intensity is enhanced 7-fold below 3.0 GPa with a photoluminescence quantum yield increased to 10.17% compared with the initial value of 1.78%, and the emission colors change from green (520 nm) to red (640 nm) within 11.8 GPa. Spectral characterizations and first-principles calculations reveal that the PIEE and piezochromism can mainly be attributed to the restricted intermolecular vibration and the decreased energy gap. Our findings enrich the PIEE mechanism and provide a new guideline for designing pressure-responsive luminescent materials in advancing their photoelectric applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Haichao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Tong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Shiping Wang
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Guangming Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Laizhi Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Fuquan Bai
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Bing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xinyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Bo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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14
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Yu Y, Huang X, Yin H, Feng Y, Xuan H, He H. Excited state intramolecular proton transfer mechanism of a benzothiazole derivative fluorescent probe: Spontaneous ESIPT process. Chem Phys Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2021.139055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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15
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Gupta AK, Matulaitis T, Cordes DB, Slawin AM, Samuel ID, Zysman-Colman E. Highly twisted α-diketone-based thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters and their use in organic light-emitting diodes. CAN J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2021-0208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We have designed a highly twisted small thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitter PXZ-α-DK based on an α-diketone (α-DK) as a strong acceptor and phenoxazine (PXZ) as a strong donor to obtain red-shifted emission in comparison with the equivalent α-diketone linked to 9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine (DMAC). The PXZ-α-DK shows emission at 586 nm and DMAC-α-DK shows emission at 548 nm in 1,3-bis(N-carbazolyl)benzene (mCP) host at 1.5 wt% doping of the emitter, with short-delayed lifetimes of 6.9 μs for PXZ-α-DK and 7.6 μs for DMAC-α-DK. Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) fabricated using these emitters show green electroluminescence at 555 nm for DMAC-α-DK, with a maximum external quantum efficiency, EQEmax, of 6.3%, and orange electroluminescence at 585 nm for PXZ-α-DK, with an EQEmax of 0.8%. We corroborate the optoelectronic properties of these emitters with DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Kumar Gupta
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Tomas Matulaitis
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK
| | - David B. Cordes
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Alexandra M.Z. Slawin
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Ifor D.W. Samuel
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK
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