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Lei C, Chen P, Wang X, Chen Z, Xie Q, Chen W, Huang B. Highly selective regulation of non-radical and radical mechanisms by Co cubic assembly catalysts for peroxymonosulfate activation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 676:1044-1054. [PMID: 39074407 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.07.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation on efficient catalysts is a promising strategy to produce sulfate radical (SO4-) and singlet oxygen (1O2) for the degradation of refractory organic pollutants. It is a great challenge to selectively generate these two reactive oxygen species, and the regulation mechanism from non-radical to radical pathway and vice versa is not well established. Here, we report a strategy to regulate the activation mechanism of PMS for the selective generation of SO4- and 1O2 with 100 % efficiency by sulfur-doped cobalt cubic assembly catalysts that was derived from the Co-Co Prussian blue analog precursor. This catalyst showed superior catalytic performance in activating PMS with normalized reaction rate increased by 87 times that of the commercial Co3O4 nanoparticles and had much lower activation energy barrier for the degradation of organic pollutant (e.g., p-chlorophenol) (18.32 kJ⋅mol-1). Experimental and theoretical calculation results revealed that S doping can regulate the electronic structure of Co active centers, which alters the direction of electron transfer between catalyst and PMS. This catalyst showed a strong tolerance to common organic compounds and anions in water, wide environmental applicability, and performed well in different real-water systems. This study provides new opportunities for the development of metal catalyst with metal-organic frameworks structure and good self-regeneration ability geared specifically towards PMS-based advanced oxidation processes applied for water remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Lei
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Pan Chen
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xuxu Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Ze Chen
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Qianqian Xie
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Wenqian Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Science Drive 4, 117560, Singapore
| | - Binbin Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
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2
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Garrido M, Naranjo A, Pérez EM. Characterization of emerging 2D materials after chemical functionalization. Chem Sci 2024; 15:3428-3445. [PMID: 38455011 PMCID: PMC10915849 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05365b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The chemical modification of 2D materials has proven a powerful tool to fine tune their properties. With this motivation, the development of new reactions has moved extremely fast. The need for speed, together with the intrinsic heterogeneity of the samples, has sometimes led to permissiveness in the purification and characterization protocols. In this review, we present the main tools available for the chemical characterization of functionalized 2D materials, and the information that can be derived from each of them. We then describe examples of chemical modification of 2D materials other than graphene, focusing on the chemical description of the products. We have intentionally selected examples where an above-average characterization effort has been carried out, yet we find some cases where further information would have been welcome. Our aim is to bring together the toolbox of techniques and practical examples on how to use them, to serve as guidelines for the full characterization of covalently modified 2D materials.
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3
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Obaidulla SM, Supina A, Kamal S, Khan Y, Kralj M. van der Waals 2D transition metal dichalcogenide/organic hybridized heterostructures: recent breakthroughs and emerging prospects of the device. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2023; 9:44-92. [PMID: 37902087 DOI: 10.1039/d3nh00310h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
The near-atomic thickness and organic molecular systems, including organic semiconductors and polymer-enabled hybrid heterostructures, of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (2D-TMDs) can modulate their optoelectronic and transport properties outstandingly. In this review, the current understanding and mechanism of the most recent and significant breakthrough of novel interlayer exciton emission and its modulation by harnessing the band energy alignment between TMDs and organic semiconductors in a TMD/organic (TMDO) hybrid heterostructure are demonstrated. The review encompasses up-to-date device demonstrations, including field-effect transistors, detectors, phototransistors, and photo-switchable superlattices. An exploration of distinct traits in 2D-TMDs and organic semiconductors delves into the applications of TMDO hybrid heterostructures. This review provides insights into the synthesis of 2D-TMDs and organic layers, covering fabrication techniques and challenges. Band bending and charge transfer via band energy alignment are explored from both structural and molecular orbital perspectives. The progress in emission modulation, including charge transfer, energy transfer, doping, defect healing, and phase engineering, is presented. The recent advancements in 2D-TMDO-based optoelectronic synaptic devices, including various 2D-TMDs and organic materials for neuromorphic applications are discussed. The section assesses their compatibility for synaptic devices, revisits the operating principles, and highlights the recent device demonstrations. Existing challenges and potential solutions are discussed. Finally, the review concludes by outlining the current challenges that span from synthesis intricacies to device applications, and by offering an outlook on the evolving field of emerging TMDO heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sk Md Obaidulla
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Institute of Physics, Bijenička Cesta 46, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
- Department of Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Sector III, Block JD, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Antonio Supina
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Institute of Physics, Bijenička Cesta 46, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
- Chair of Physics, Montanuniversität Leoben, Franz Josef Strasse 18, 8700 Leoben, Austria
| | - Sherif Kamal
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Institute of Physics, Bijenička Cesta 46, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Yahya Khan
- Department of Physics, Karakoram International university (KIU), Gilgit 15100, Pakistan
| | - Marko Kralj
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Institute of Physics, Bijenička Cesta 46, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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4
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Kumar S, Mandal A, Das AK, Das P. Development of a Cu/MoS 2/Ni Self-Lubricating Composite Clad through Laser Additive Approach over a Ti6Al4V Substrate and Its Characterizations. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:17201-17215. [PMID: 37991461 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Solid lubricant coatings play a critical role in enhancing the tribological properties of engineering materials, particularly in aerospace and biomedical applications. Ti6Al4V is widely used in aerospace and defense industries due to its excellent mechanical properties and high strength-to-weight ratio. In this regard, a solid lubricant metal matrix composite (MMC) clad was successfully fabricated over Ti6Al4V. A full factorial (L16) was successfully implemented to investigate the interaction of process parameters for laser power and scanning speed with response outputs, such as the clad layer thickness and microhardness. The microstructural study of the clad confirmed the presence of dark and bright phases of the microstructure with cylindrical, elliptical, and lamellar structures. This showed the presence of molybdenum and sulfide phases (MoS2, TiS, CuS) and the presence of a nickel phase (TiNi, NiS, CuNi), confirmed through X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy; these phases bestowed hardness as well as solid lubricating properties on the clad. The microhardness of the clad was found to be 2-3 times that of the substrate material. The wear behavior of the clad was studied in the load range of 5-15 N; the coefficient of friction (0.33 for clad and 0.5 for base), wear track depth profile, and wear mechanism revealed that the cladded sample has higher wear resistance as compared to the substrate material. The worn morphology showed that microcutting and microplowing are the major phenomena of wear occurrence. Further, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis was performed to determine the binding energy of the compound formed at the clad zone, which can predict the most significant phase for the alteration of the mechanical behavior of the solid lubrication clad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakti Kumar
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India
| | - Amitava Mandal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad 826004, Jharkhand, India
| | - Alok Kumar Das
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad 826004, Jharkhand, India
| | - Prosenjit Das
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India
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5
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Umeyama T, Mizutani D, Ikeda Y, Osterloh WR, Yamamoto F, Kato K, Yamakata A, Higashi M, Urakami T, Sato H, Imahori H. An emissive charge-transfer excited-state at the well-defined hetero-nanostructure interface of an organic conjugated molecule and two-dimensional inorganic nanosheet. Chem Sci 2023; 14:11914-11923. [PMID: 37920360 PMCID: PMC10619621 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03604a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Precise engineering of excited-state interactions between an organic conjugated molecule and a two-dimensional semiconducting inorganic nanosheet, specifically the manipulation of charge-transfer excited (CTE) states, still remains a challenge for state-of-the-art photochemistry. Herein, we report a long-lived, highly emissive CTE state at structurally well-defined hetero-nanostructure interfaces of photoactive pyrene and two-dimensional MoS2 nanosheets via an N-benzylsuccinimide bridge (Py-Bn-MoS2). Spectroscopic measurements reveal that no charge-transfer state is formed in the ground state, but the locally-excited (LE) state of pyrene in Py-Bn-MoS2 efficiently generates an unusual emissive CTE state. Theoretical studies elucidate the interaction of MoS2 vacant orbitals with the pyrene LE state to form a CTE state that shows a distinct solvent dependence of the emission energy. This is the first example of organic-inorganic 2D hetero-nanostructures displaying mixed luminescence properties by an accurate design of the bridge structure, and therefore represents an important step in their applications for energy conversion and optoelectronic devices and sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomokazu Umeyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo Himeji Hyogo 671-2280 Japan
| | - Daizu Mizutani
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Yuki Ikeda
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - W Ryan Osterloh
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Futa Yamamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo Himeji Hyogo 671-2280 Japan
| | - Kosaku Kato
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| | - Akira Yamakata
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| | - Masahiro Higashi
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Takumi Urakami
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Hirofumi Sato
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Imahori
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
- Institute for Liberal Arts and Sciences (ILAS), Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
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6
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Selhorst R, Yu Z, Moore D, Jiang J, Susner MA, Glavin NR, Pachter R, Terrones M, Maruyama B, Rao R. Precision Modification of Monolayer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides via Environmental E-Beam Patterning. ACS NANO 2023; 17:2958-2967. [PMID: 36689725 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c11503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Layered Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDs) are an important class of materials that exhibit a wide variety of optoelectronic properties. The ability to spatially tailor their expansive property-space (e.g., conduction behavior, optical emission, surface interactions) is of special interest for applications including, but not limited to, sensing, bioelectronics, and spintronics/valleytronics. Current methods of property modulation focus on the modification of the basal surfaces and edge sites of the TMDs by the introduction of defects, functionalization with organic or inorganic moieties, alloying, heterostructure formation, and phase engineering. A majority of these methods lack the resolution for the development of next-generation nanoscale devices or are limited in the types of functionalities useful for efficient TMD property modification. In this study, we utilize electron-beam patterning on monolayer TMDs (MoSe2, WSe2 and MoS2) in the presence of a pressure-controlled atmosphere of water vapor within an environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM). A series of parametric studies show local optical and electronic property modification depending on acceleration voltage, beam current, pressure, and electron dose. The ultimate pattern resolution achieved is 67 ± 9 nm. Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopies coupled with Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy reveal electron dose-dependent p-doping in the patterned regions, which we attribute to functionalization from the products of water vapor radiolysis (oxygen and hydroxyl groups). The modulation of the work function through patterning matches well with Density Functional Theory modeling. Finally, post-functionalization of the patterned areas with an organic fluorophore demonstrates a robust method to achieve nanoscale functionalization with high fidelity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Selhorst
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, 2179 12th Street, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
- UES Inc., 4401 Dayton-Xenia Rd., Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Zhuohang Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, 221 Steidle Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - David Moore
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, 2179 12th Street, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Jie Jiang
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, 2179 12th Street, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Michael A Susner
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, 2179 12th Street, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Nicholas R Glavin
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, 2179 12th Street, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Ruth Pachter
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, 2179 12th Street, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Mauricio Terrones
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, 221 Steidle Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Benji Maruyama
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, 2179 12th Street, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Rahul Rao
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, 2179 12th Street, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
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7
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Tezze D, Pereira JM, Asensio Y, Ipatov M, Calavalle F, Casanova F, Bittner AM, Ormaza M, Martín-García B, Hueso LE, Gobbi M. Tuning the magnetic properties of NiPS 3 through organic-ion intercalation. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:1165-1173. [PMID: 35018950 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr07281a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Atomically thin van der Waals magnetic crystals are characterized by tunable magnetic properties related to their low dimensionality. While electrostatic gating has been used to tailor their magnetic response, chemical approaches like intercalation remain largely unexplored. Here, we demonstrate the manipulation of the magnetism in the van der Waals antiferromagnet NiPS3 through the intercalation of different organic cations, inserted using an engineered two-step process. First, the electrochemical intercalation of tetrabutylammonium cations (TBA+) results in a ferrimagnetic hybrid compound displaying a transition temperature of 78 K, and characterized by a hysteretic behavior with finite remanence and coercivity. Then, TBA+ cations are replaced by cobaltocenium via an ion-exchange process, yielding a ferrimagnetic phase with higher transition temperature (98 K) and higher remanent magnetization. Importantly, we demonstrate that the intercalation and cation exchange processes can be carried out in bulk crystals and few-layer flakes, opening the way to the integration of intercalated magnetic materials in devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mihail Ipatov
- SGIker Medidas Magnéticas Gipuzkoa, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | | | - Felix Casanova
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Alexander M Bittner
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Maider Ormaza
- Departamento de Polímeros y Materiales Avanzados: Física, Química y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, San Sebastián 20018, Spain.
| | | | - Luis E Hueso
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Marco Gobbi
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
- Materials Physics Center CSIC-UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
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8
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López-Cabrelles J, Mañas-Valero S, Vitórica-Yrezábal IJ, Bereciartua PJ, Coronado E, Mínguez Espallargas G. A fluorinated 2D magnetic coordination polymer. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:1861-1865. [PMID: 35018913 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03734j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein we show the versatility of coordination chemistry to design and expand a family of 2D materials by incorporating F groups at the surface of the layers. Through the use of a prefuntionalized organic linker with F groups, it is possible to achieve a layered magnetic material based on Fe(II) centers that are chemically stable in open air, contrary to the known 2D inorganic magnetic materials. The high quality of the single crystals and their robustness allow to fabricate 2D molecular materials by micromechanical exfoliation, preserving the crystalline nature of these layers together with the desired functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier López-Cabrelles
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain.
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain.
| | | | - Pablo J Bereciartua
- Instituto de Tecnología Química (UPV-CSIC), Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Av. de los Naranjos, s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain.
| | - Guillermo Mínguez Espallargas
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain.
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9
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Plantzopoulou A, Stergiou A, Kafetzi M, Arenal R, Pispas S, Tagmatarchis N. One-step covalent hydrophobic/hydrophilic functionalization of chemically exfoliated molybdenum disulfide nanosheets with RAFT derived polymers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 58:795-798. [PMID: 34927640 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06195j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The covalent functionalization of chemically exfoliated molybdenum disulfide (ce-MoS2) with hydrophobic poly(methyl methacrylate) and hydrophilic poly(acrylic acid) polymers, in a single-step without additives, is presented. The nature of chemical modification and the impact on the structure of ce-MoS2 were spectroscopically investigated. Complexation of Eu3+ was accomplished on grafted polycarboxylate chains on MoS2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriana Plantzopoulou
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, Athens 11635, Greece.
| | - Anastasios Stergiou
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, Athens 11635, Greece.
| | - Martha Kafetzi
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, Athens 11635, Greece.
| | - Raul Arenal
- Laboratorio de Microscopias Avanzadas (LMA), Universidad de Zaragoza, Mariano Esquillor s/n, Zaragoza 50018, Spain.,Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragon (INMA), CSIC-U. de Zaragoza, Calle Pedro Cerbuna 12, Zaragoza 50009, Spain.,ARAID Foundation, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
| | - Stergios Pispas
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, Athens 11635, Greece.
| | - Nikos Tagmatarchis
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, Athens 11635, Greece.
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10
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Zhao Y, Gobbi M, Hueso LE, Samorì P. Molecular Approach to Engineer Two-Dimensional Devices for CMOS and beyond-CMOS Applications. Chem Rev 2021; 122:50-131. [PMID: 34816723 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional materials (2DMs) have attracted tremendous research interest over the last two decades. Their unique optical, electronic, thermal, and mechanical properties make 2DMs key building blocks for the fabrication of novel complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) and beyond-CMOS devices. Major advances in device functionality and performance have been made by the covalent or noncovalent functionalization of 2DMs with molecules: while the molecular coating of metal electrodes and dielectrics allows for more efficient charge injection and transport through the 2DMs, the combination of dynamic molecular systems, capable to respond to external stimuli, with 2DMs makes it possible to generate hybrid systems possessing new properties by realizing stimuli-responsive functional devices and thereby enabling functional diversification in More-than-Moore technologies. In this review, we first introduce emerging 2DMs, various classes of (macro)molecules, and molecular switches and discuss their relevant properties. We then turn to 2DM/molecule hybrid systems and the various physical and chemical strategies used to synthesize them. Next, we discuss the use of molecules and assemblies thereof to boost the performance of 2D transistors for CMOS applications and to impart diverse functionalities in beyond-CMOS devices. Finally, we present the challenges, opportunities, and long-term perspectives in this technologically promising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuda Zhao
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, F-67000 Strasbourg, France.,School of Micro-Nano Electronics, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Centre, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, 310027 Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Marco Gobbi
- Centro de Fisica de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, E-20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.,CIC nanoGUNE, E-20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Luis E Hueso
- CIC nanoGUNE, E-20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Paolo Samorì
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
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