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Liu J, Chen Y, Liu Y, Wu C, Li Z, Gao Y, Qiu X, Wang Y, Guo X, Xuan F. Facile Electret-Based Self-Powered Soft Sensor for Noncontact Positioning and Information Translation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:29188-29197. [PMID: 38775355 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Noncontact sensors have demonstrated significant potential in human-machine interactions (HMIs) in terms of hygiene and less wear and tear. The development of soft, stable, and simply structured noncontact sensors is highly desired for their practical applications in HMIs. This work reports on electret-based self-powered noncontact sensors that are soft, transparent, stable, and easy to manufacture. The sensors contain a three-layer structure with a thickness of 0.34 mm that is fabricated by simply stacking a polymeric electret layer, an electrode layer, and a substrate layer together. The fabricated sensors show high charge-retention capability, keeping over 98% of the initial surface potential even after 90 h, and can accurately and repeatedly sense external approaching objects with impressive durability. The intensity of the detected signal shows a strong dependence on the distance between the object and the sensor, capable of sensing a distance as small as 2 mm. Furthermore, the sensors can report stable signals in response to external objects over 3000 cycles. By virtue of the signal dependence on distance, an intelligent noncontact positioning system is developed that can precisely detect the location of an approaching object. Finally, by integrating with eyeglasses, the transparent sensor successfully captures the movements of blinks for information translation. This work may contribute to the development of stable and easily manufactured noncontact soft sensors for HMI applications, for instance, assisting with communication for locked-in syndrome patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yuqian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yuji Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Intelligent Sensing and Detection Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Chengyuan Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Intelligent Sensing and Detection Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Zhongqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yuliang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xunlin Qiu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Intelligent Sensing and Detection Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yiming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Intelligent Sensing and Detection Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xuhong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Fuzhen Xuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Intelligent Sensing and Detection Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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Yang J, Feng L, Chen Y, Feng L, Lu J, Du L, Guo J, Cheng Z, Shi Z, Zhao L. High-Sensitivity and Environmentally Friendly Humidity Sensors Deposited with Recyclable Green Microspheres for Wireless Monitoring. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:15608-15622. [PMID: 35319203 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c00489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The reliable, high-sensitive, wireless, and affordable requirements for humidity sensors are needed in high-precision measurement fields. Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) based on the piezoelectric effect can accurately detect the mass changes at the nanogram level. However, water-capture materials deposited on the surface of QCM generally show disadvantages in either cost, sensitivity, or recyclability. Herein, novel QCM-based humidity sensors (NQHSs) are developed by uniformly depositing green microspheres (GMs) of natural polymers prepared by the chemical synthesis of the emulsification/inner gel method on QCM as humidity-sensitive materials. The NQHSs demonstrate high accuracy and sensitivity (27.1 Hz/% RH) owing to the various hydrophilic groups and porous nano-3D deposition structure. Compared with the devices deposited with a smooth film, the frequency of the NQHSs shows almost no changes during the cyclic test and exhibits long-term stability. The NQHSs have been successfully applied to non-contact sensing human activities and remote real-time humidity monitoring via Bluetooth transmission. In addition, the deposited humidity-sensitive GMs and QCM substrate are fully recycled and reused (72% of the original value). This work has provided an innovative idea to construct environmental-friendly, high-sensitivity, and wireless humidity sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jueying Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Liying Feng
- School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lihui Feng
- School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jihua Lu
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Le Du
- School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Junqiang Guo
- School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhekun Cheng
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhongyu Shi
- School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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Jung C, Kim SJ, Jang J, Ko JH, Kim D, Ko B, Song YM, Hong SH, Rho J. Disordered-nanoparticle-based etalon for ultrafast humidity-responsive colorimetric sensors and anti-counterfeiting displays. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm8598. [PMID: 35275712 PMCID: PMC8916721 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm8598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The development of real-time and sensitive humidity sensors is in great demand from smart home automation and modern public health. We hereby proposed an ultrafast and full-color colorimetric humidity sensor that consists of chitosan hydrogel sandwiched by a disordered metal nanoparticle layer and reflecting substrate. This hydrogel-based resonator changes its resonant frequency to external humidity conditions because the chitosan hydrogels are swollen under wet state and contracted under dry state. The response time of the sensor is ~104 faster than that of the conventional Fabry-Pérot design. The origins of fast gas permeation are membrane pores created by gaps between the metal nanoparticles. Such instantaneous and tunable response of a new hydrogel resonator is then exploited for colorimetric sensors, anti-counterfeiting applications, and high-resolution displays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunghwan Jung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jung Kim
- ICT Materials and Components Research Laboratory, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyuck Jang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hwan Ko
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Doa Kim
- ICT Materials and Components Research Laboratory, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoungsu Ko
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Min Song
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Hong
- ICT Materials and Components Research Laboratory, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author. (S.-H.H.); (J.R.)
| | - Junsuk Rho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- POSCO-POSTECH-RIST Convergence Research Center for Flat Optics and Metaphotonics, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author. (S.-H.H.); (J.R.)
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Respiratory Monitoring by Ultrafast Humidity Sensors with Nanomaterials: A Review. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22031251. [PMID: 35161997 PMCID: PMC8838830 DOI: 10.3390/s22031251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory monitoring is a fundamental method to understand the physiological and psychological relationships between respiration and the human body. In this review, we overview recent developments on ultrafast humidity sensors with functional nanomaterials for monitoring human respiration. Key advances in design and materials have resulted in humidity sensors with response and recovery times reaching 8 ms. In addition, these sensors are particularly beneficial for respiratory monitoring by being portable and noninvasive. We systematically classify the reported sensors according to four types of output signals: impedance, light, frequency, and voltage. Design strategies for preparing ultrafast humidity sensors using nanomaterials are discussed with regard to physical parameters such as the nanomaterial film thickness, porosity, and hydrophilicity. We also summarize other applications that require ultrafast humidity sensors for physiological studies. This review provides key guidelines and directions for preparing and applying such sensors in practical applications.
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