1
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Hussain S, Al-Tabban A, Zourob M. Aptameric photonic structure-based optical biosensor for the detection of microcystin. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 260:116413. [PMID: 38815464 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
An optical photonic biosensor for the detection of microcystin (MC) has been developed using an aptamer-immobilized interpenetrating polymeric network (IPNaptamer) intertwined with solid-state cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCsolids). The IPN was constructed with a polyacrylic acid hydrogel (PAA). Aptamer immobilization enhances polarity while blocking hydrogen bonding between the carboxylic groups of PAA-IPN hydrogel, thereby increasing the swelling ratio of the PAA-IPN hydrogel. This leads to an expansion in the helical pitch of the corresponding IPNaptamer-CLCsolid biosensor chip and results in a red-shift in the reflected color. Upon exposure to an aqueous MC solution, the IPNaptamer-CLCsolid biosensor chip exhibits aptamer-mediated engulfment of MC, resulting in reduced polarity of the IPNaptamer complex and a consequential blue-shift in the biosensor chip color occurred. The wavelength shift of the IPNaptamer-CLCsolid biosensor chip demonstrates a linear change with an increase in MC concentration from 3.8 to 150 nM, with a limit of detection of 0.88 nM. This novel optical biosensor is characterized by its low cost, simplicity, selectivity, and sensitivity, offering a promising strategy for designing similar toxin biosensors through the modification of biological receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saddam Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Alfaisal University, Al-Maather, 11533, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Awatef Al-Tabban
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Alfaisal University, Al-Maather, 11533, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Zourob
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Alfaisal University, Al-Maather, 11533, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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2
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Wang Y, Li N, Chu L, Hao Z, Chen J, Huang J, Yan J, Bian H, Duan P, Liu J, Fang Y. Dual Enhancement of Phosphorescence and Circularly Polarized Luminescence through Entropically Driven Self-Assembly of a Platinum(II) Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202403898. [PMID: 38497553 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Addressing the dual enhancement of circular polarization (glum) and luminescence quantum yield (QY) in circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) systems poses a significant challenge. In this study, we present an innovative strategy utilizing the entropically driven self-assembly of amphiphilic phosphorescent platinum(II) complexes (L-Pt) with tetraethylene glycol chains, resulting in unique temperature dependencies. The entropically driven self-assembly of L-Pt leads to a synergistic improvement in phosphorescence emission efficiency (QY was amplified from 15 % at 25 °C to 53 % at 60 °C) and chirality, both in the ground state and the excited state (glum value has been magnified from 0.04×10-2 to 0.06) with increasing temperature. Notably, we observed reversible modulation of phosphorescence and chirality observed over at least 10 cycles through successive heating and cooling, highlighting the intelligent control of luminescence and chiroptical properties by regulating intermolecular interactions among neighboring L-Pt molecules. Importantly, the QY and glum of the L-Pt assembly in solid state were measured as 69 % and 0.16 respectively, representing relatively high values compared to most self-assembled CPL systems. This study marks the pioneering demonstration of dual thermo-enhancement of phosphorescence and CPL and provides valuable insights into the thermal effects on high-temperature and switchable CPL materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 620, West Chang'an Avenue, Chang'an District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 620, West Chang'an Avenue, Chang'an District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Liangwen Chu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 620, West Chang'an Avenue, Chang'an District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Zelin Hao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 620, West Chang'an Avenue, Chang'an District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Junyu Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) No.11, ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) No.11, ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Junlin Yan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 620, West Chang'an Avenue, Chang'an District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Hongtao Bian
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 620, West Chang'an Avenue, Chang'an District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Duan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) No.11, ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 620, West Chang'an Avenue, Chang'an District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Yu Fang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 620, West Chang'an Avenue, Chang'an District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, P. R. China
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3
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Nam S, Jung W, Shin JH, Choi SS. Omnidirectional color wavelength tuning of stretchable chiral liquid crystal elastomers. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2024; 13:114. [PMID: 38773092 PMCID: PMC11109264 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01470-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Wavelength-tunable structural colors using stimuli-responsive materials, such as chiral liquid crystals (CLCs), have attracted increasing attention owing to their high functionality in various tunable photonic applications. Ideally, on-demand omnidirectional wavelength control is highly desirable from the perspective of wavelength-tuning freedom. However, despite numerous previous research efforts on tunable CLC structural colors, only mono-directional wavelength tuning toward shorter wavelengths has been employed in most studies to date. In this study, we report the ideally desired omnidirectional wavelength control toward longer and shorter wavelengths with significantly improved tunability over a broadband wavelength range. By using areal expanding and contractive strain control of dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) with chiral liquid crystal elastomers (CLCEs), simultaneous and omnidirectional structural color-tuning control was achieved. This breakthrough in omnidirectional wavelength control enhances the achievable tuning freedom and versatility, making it applicable to a broad range of high-functional photonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungmin Nam
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea
| | - Wontae Jung
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea
| | - Jun Hyuk Shin
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea
| | - Su Seok Choi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea.
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4
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Lin R, Kou D, Gao L, Li S, Gao Z, Li X, Ma W, Zhang S. Biomimetic Photonic Elastomer Exhibiting Stress/Moisture Reconfigurable Wrinkle-Lattice for Reversible Deformation Information Storage. ACS NANO 2024; 18:13346-13360. [PMID: 38726755 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c03376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Photonic elastomers, capable of converting imperceptible deformations into visible colors, show significant potential in smart materials. However, instantaneous deformation is arduous to record accurately due to the disappearance of optical information after deformation recovery. Herein, inspired by the folding structures of iridocytes in cephalopods, a stress- and moisture-triggered wrinkling and erasure effect is proposed to be introduced in the construction of a photonic elastomer. Implemented in a dual-network polymer framework with modulatable locking, it allows for reversible deformation storage. The photonic elastomer comprises a surface one-dimensional photonic crystal (1DPC) and a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) substrate. The deformed 1DPC lattice transforms into a wrinkled state due to a substrate deformation mismatch, preserving strain-induced structural color information through interchain hydrogen bonding and crystalline shape-locking in dual-network polymers. Reading the color provides multidimensional information about the instantaneous deformation degree and distribution. Moreover, the moisture-induced shape-memory feature of the 1DPC can be triggered with a minute amount of water, like fingertip perspiration or humidity change (35% to 80%), to restore the original color. This stress/moisture-responsive photonic elastomer, with its dynamically reconfigurable wrinkle-lattice, holds great promise for applications in mechanical sensing, inkless writing, and anticounterfeiting, significantly enhancing the versatility of photonic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruicheng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Donghui Kou
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Lei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Shi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoyong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Xuefen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Shufen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, P. R. China
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5
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Gao H, Cai W, Li A, Du Y, Zhu JL, Ye Z. Ultrasensitive Biomimetic Skin with Multimodal and Photoelectric Dual-Signal Sensing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38593088 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Mimicking biological skin enabling direct, intelligent interaction between users and devices, multimodal sensing with optical/electrical (OE) output signals is urgently required. Owing to this, this work aims to logically design a stretchable OE biomimetic skin (OE skin), which can sensitively sense complex external stimuli of pressure, strain, temperature, and localization. The OE skin consists of elastic thin polymer-stabilized cholesteric liquid crystal films, an ion-conductive hydrogel layer, and an elastic protective membrane formed with thin polydimethylsiloxane. The as-designed OE skin exhibits customizable structural color on demand, good thermochromism, and excellent mechanochromism, with the ability to extend the full visible spectrum, a good linearity of over 0.99, fast response speed of 93 ms, and wide temperature range of 119 °C. In addition, the conduction resistance variation of ion-conductive hydrogel exhibits excellent sensing capabilities under pressure, stretch, and temperature, endowing a good linearity of 0.99998 (stretching from 0 to 150%) and high thermal sensitivity of 0.86% per °C. Such an outstanding OE skin provides design concepts for the development of multifunctional biomimetic skin used in human-machine interaction and can find wide applications in intelligent wearable devices and human-machine interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Gao
- Department of Applied Physics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Wenshan Cai
- Department of Applied Physics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Aotian Li
- Department of Applied Physics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Yike Du
- Department of Applied Physics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Ji-Liang Zhu
- Department of Applied Physics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Zhicheng Ye
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
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6
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de Castro LC, Engels TAP, Oliveira ON, Schenning APHJ. Sticky Multicolor Mechanochromic Labels. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:14144-14151. [PMID: 38448425 PMCID: PMC10958449 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c19420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Sticky-colored labels are an efficient way to communicate visual information. However, most labels are static. Here, we propose a new category of dynamic sticky labels that change structural colors when stretched. The sticky mechanochromic labels can be pasted on flexible surfaces such as fabric and rubber or even on brittle materials. To enhance their applicability, we demonstrate a simple method for imprinting structural color patterns that are either always visible or reversibly revealed or concealed upon mechanical deformation. The mechanochromic patterns are imprinted with a photomask during the ultraviolet (UV) cross-linking of acrylate-terminated cholesteric liquid crystal oligomers in a single step at room temperature. The photomask locally controls the cross-linking degree and volumetric response of the cholesteric liquid crystal elastomers (CLCEs). A nonuniform thickness change induced by the Poisson's ratio contrast between the pattern and the surrounding background might lead to a color-separation effect. Our sticky multicolor mechanochromic labels may be utilized in stress-strain sensing, building environments, smart clothing, security labels, and decoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas
D. C. de Castro
- São
Carlos Institute of Physics, University
of São Paulo, São
Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil
- Laboratory
of Stimuli-responsive Functional Materials and Devices (SFD), Department
of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven
University of Technology, Eindhoven5612 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Tom A. P. Engels
- Processing
and Performance of Materials, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Osvaldo N. Oliveira
- São
Carlos Institute of Physics, University
of São Paulo, São
Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil
| | - Albert P. H. J. Schenning
- Laboratory
of Stimuli-responsive Functional Materials and Devices (SFD), Department
of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven
University of Technology, Eindhoven5612 MB, The Netherlands
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven
University of Technology, Eindhoven 5612 MB, The Netherlands
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7
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Hussain S, Zourob M. Solid-State Cholesteric Liquid Crystals as an Emerging Platform for the Development of Optical Photonic Sensors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304590. [PMID: 37800619 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, solid-state cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCsolid ) have emerged as a promising photonic material, heralding new opportunities for the advancement of optical photonic biosensors and actuators. The periodic helical structure of CLCsolid s gives rise to their distinctive capability of selectively reflecting incident radiation, rendering them highly promising contenders for a wide spectrum of photonic applications. Extensive research is conducted on utilizing CLCsolid 's optical characteristics to create optical sensors for bioassays, diagnostics, and environmental monitoring. This review provides an overview of emerging technologies in the field of interpenetrating polymeric network-CLCsolid (IPN) and CLCsolid -based optical sensors, including their structural designs, processing, essential materials, working principles, and fabrication methodologies. The review concludes with a forward-looking perspective, addressing current challenges and potential trajectories for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saddam Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Alfaisal University, Al-Maather, Riyadh, 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Zourob
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Alfaisal University, Al-Maather, Riyadh, 11533, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Jeong YJ, Park SY. Light-Responsive Actuator of Azobenzene-Containing Main-Chain Liquid Crystal Elastomers with Allyl Sulfide Dynamic Exchangeable Linkages. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:2788-2801. [PMID: 38170866 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Herein, a light-responsive and light-induced bond-exchange-reaction (BER)-capable actuator of the monodomain liquid crystal elastomer (xMLCEazo), developed using main-chain mesogenic oligomers containing azobenzene and allyl sulfide linkages, is investigated. Large quantities of the azobenzene and allyl dithiol linkages are incorporated into the main-chain mesogenic oligomer prepared via thiol-acrylate Michael addition polymerization (TAMAP). The xMLCEazo film is generated via visible-light-induced BER of the drawn polydomain xLCEazo (xPLCEazo) film prepared via TAMAP of tetrathiol cross-linkers and diacrylate-terminated mesogenic oligomers. The xMLCEazo film exhibits large length actuation (38%) through the photothermal effect, along with excellent self-healing and reprogramming properties, under ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation. UV light induced BER of the xMLCEazo film is used to develop complex-shaped actuators with a bilayer film, containing the xMLCEazo and xPLCEazo films, which are bonded by the UV light induced BER without glue. The individual arm of the complex eight-arm flower is remotely actuated under UV light irradiation, and a circular band is rolled under blue laser light irradiation, demonstrating the local remote-controlled actuation and fuel-free motion of the motile soft robot using light irradiation, respectively. Thus, the xMLCEazo film can be expanded to other interesting applications requiring reprogrammable, self-healing, reprocessable, patternable, and remote-controlled light-triggered elastic, rubber-like actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Jeong Jeong
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Polymeric Nano Materials Laboratory, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Young Park
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Polymeric Nano Materials Laboratory, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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9
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Song L, Yang K, Zhao B, Wu Y, Deng J. Chiroptical Elastomer Film Constructed by Chiral Helical Substituted Polyacetylene and Polydimethylsiloxane: Multiple Stimuli Responsivity and Chiral Amplification. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:4601-4611. [PMID: 36642869 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c21242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Chiral and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) materials with multiple stimuli responses have become a focus of attention. Meanwhile, elastomers have found substantial applications in a wide variety of fields. However, how to design and construct chiral elastomers, in particular CPL-active elastomers, still remains an academic challenge. In the present study, chiral helical substituted polyacetylene is chemically bonded with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) by hydrosilylation to form a chiroptically active elastomer. A CPL-active film was further fabricated by adding achiral fluorophores. Compared with the corresponding chiral helical polymer, the chiral films show much enhanced thermal stability in terms of chiroptical properties. The films also demonstrate reversible tunability in optical activity and CPL property when being subjected to a stretching-restoring process and exposed to a solvent like toluene. Further, noticeable chiral amplification is observed when the chiral PDMS film is superimposed with a pure PDMS film. This interesting finding is proposed to be due to the photoreflectivity of PDMS. This study provides an alternative strategy to exploit novel CPL-active elastomer materials with multiple stimuli responsivity and tunability, which may open up new opportunities for developing novel chiroptical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujie Song
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Biao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Youping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
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10
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Ogiwara Y, Suzuki T, Iwata N, Furumi S. Room-Temperature Cholesteric Liquid Crystals of Cellulose Derivatives with Visible Reflection. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 15:polym15010168. [PMID: 36616518 PMCID: PMC9824885 DOI: 10.3390/polym15010168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) derivatives with alkanoyl side chains have attracted attention as bio-based cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) materials with reflection colors. By taking advantage of the ability to change the reflection color in response to external stimuli, the thermotropic CLCs can be applied to a wide variety of photonic devices for a sustainable society of future generations. However, the thermotropic CLCs of HPC derivatives substituted with only one kind of alkanoyl group are not suitable for such applications because they do not exhibit visible reflection at room temperature. In this report, we describe a promising strategy to control the reflection colors of HPC derivatives at room temperature by introducing two kinds of alkanoyl groups with different lengths into the side chains of HPCs, which also enables the fine control of temperature dependence on the reflection wavelength. By chemically optimizing the side chain, we successfully prepared room-temperature thermotropic CLCs of HPC derivatives with visible reflection. This report would contribute toward the development of versatile photonic applications by CLCs produced from biomass.
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11
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Wei Q, Lv P, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Qin Z, de Haan LT, Chen J, Wang D, Xu BB, Broer DJ, Zhou G, Ding L, Zhao W. Facile Stratification-Enabled Emergent Hyper-Reflectivity in Cholesteric Liquid Crystals. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:57235-57243. [PMID: 36520981 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) are chiral photonic materials with selective reflection in terms of wavelength and polarization. Helix engineering is often required in order to produce desired properties for CLC materials to be employed for beam steering, light diffraction, scattering, and adaptive or broadband reflection. Here, we demonstrate a novel photopolymerization-enforced stratification (PES)-based strategy to realize helix engineering in a chiral CLC system with initially one handedness of molecular rotation throughout the layer. PES plays a crucial role in driving the chiral dopant bundle consisting of two chiral dopants of opposite handedness to spontaneously phase separate and create a CLC bilayer structure that reflects left- and right-handed circularly polarized light (CPL). The initially hidden chiral information therefore becomes explicit, and hyper-reflectivity, i.e., reflecting both left- and right-handed CPL, successfully emerges from the designed CLC mixture. The PES mechanism can be applied to structure a wide range of liquid crystal (LC) and polymer materials. Moreover, the engineering strategy enables facile programming of the center wavelength of hyper-reflection, patterning, and incorporating stimuli-responsiveness in the optical device. Hence, the engineered hyper-reflective CLCs offer great promise for future applications, such as digital displays, lasing, optical storage, and smart windows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunmei Wei
- SCNU-TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, No. 378, West Waihuan Road, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengrong Lv
- Stimuli-responsive Functional Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Yang Zhang
- SCNU-TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, No. 378, West Waihuan Road, 510006 Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jiwen Zhang
- SCNU-TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, No. 378, West Waihuan Road, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuofan Qin
- Mechanical and Construction Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, U.K
| | - Laurens T de Haan
- SCNU-TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, No. 378, West Waihuan Road, 510006 Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jiawen Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Ding Wang
- Mechanical and Construction Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, U.K
| | - Ben Bin Xu
- Mechanical and Construction Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, U.K
| | - Dirk J Broer
- SCNU-TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, No. 378, West Waihuan Road, 510006 Guangzhou, China
- Stimuli-responsive Functional Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Guofu Zhou
- SCNU-TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, No. 378, West Waihuan Road, 510006 Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Guohua Optoelectronics Tech. Co. Ltd., Shenzhen 518110, P. R. China
| | - Liming Ding
- Center for Excellence in Nanoscience (CAS), Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS), National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- SCNU-TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, No. 378, West Waihuan Road, 510006 Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
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12
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Sun C, Zhang S, Ren Y, Zhang J, Shen J, Qin S, Hu W, Zhu S, Yang H, Yang D. Force-Induced Synergetic Pigmentary and Structural Color Change of Liquid Crystalline Elastomer with Nanoparticle-Enhanced Mechanosensitivity. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2205325. [PMID: 36310104 PMCID: PMC9798961 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The ability of some animals to rapidly change their colors can greatly improve their chances of escaping predators or hunting prey. A classic example is cephalopods, which can rapidly shift through a wide range of colors. This ability is based on the synergetic effect of the change of pigmentary and structural colors exhibited by their own two categories of color-changing cells: supernatant chromatophores offer various pigmentary colors and lower iridophores or leucophores reflect the different structural colors by adjusting their periodicities. Here, a mechanochromic liquid crystalline elastomer with force-induced synergetic pigmentary and structural color change, whose mechanosensitivity is enhanced by the stress-concentration induced by the doped nanoparticle, is presented. The materials have a large color-changing gamut and high mechanochromic sensitivity, which exhibit great potential in the field of mechanical detectors, sensors, and anti-counterfeiting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Sun
- University of Science and Technology BeijingNo. 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian DistrictBeijing100083China
| | - Shuoning Zhang
- Peking UniversityNo. 5 Yiheyuan Road Haidian DistrictBeijing100871P. R. China
| | - YunXiao Ren
- University of Science and Technology BeijingNo. 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian DistrictBeijing100083China
| | - Jianying Zhang
- University of Science and Technology BeijingNo. 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian DistrictBeijing100083China
| | - Jiyuan Shen
- University of Science and Technology BeijingNo. 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian DistrictBeijing100083China
| | - Shengyu Qin
- Peking UniversityNo. 5 Yiheyuan Road Haidian DistrictBeijing100871P. R. China
| | - Wei Hu
- University of Science and Technology BeijingNo. 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian DistrictBeijing100083China
| | - Siquan Zhu
- Department of OphthalmologyBeijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100029P. R. China
| | - Huai Yang
- Peking UniversityNo. 5 Yiheyuan Road Haidian DistrictBeijing100871P. R. China
| | - Dengke Yang
- Kent State University1425 Lefton EsplanadeKentOH44242USA
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13
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Zhang P, de Haan LT, Debije MG, Schenning APHJ. Liquid crystal-based structural color actuators. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2022; 11:248. [PMID: 35931672 PMCID: PMC9356073 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-022-00937-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Animals can modify their body shape and/or color for protection, camouflage and communication. This adaptability has inspired fabrication of actuators with structural color changes to endow soft robots with additional functionalities. Using liquid crystal-based materials for actuators with structural color changes is a promising approach. In this review, we discuss the current state of liquid crystal-based actuators with structural color changes and the potential applications of these structural color actuators in soft robotic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Zhang
- Stimuli-responsive Functional Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Laurens T de Haan
- Stimuli-responsive Functional Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- SCNU-TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Michael G Debije
- Stimuli-responsive Functional Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Albert P H J Schenning
- Stimuli-responsive Functional Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
- SCNU-TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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14
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Zhou Z, Zhang X, Shin Y, Halder S, Hu L, Yang DK. Effect of Polymerization on Chirality in Cholesteric Liquid Crystals. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Zhou
- Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Department of Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
| | - Xinfang Zhang
- Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Department of Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
| | - Yunho Shin
- Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Department of Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
| | - Suman Halder
- Department of Physics, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
| | - Lang Hu
- Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Department of Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
| | - Deng-Ke Yang
- Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Department of Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
- Department of Physics, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
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15
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Zhang P, Debije MG, de Haan LT, Schenning APHJ. Pigmented Structural Color Actuators Fueled by Near-Infrared Light. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:20093-20100. [PMID: 35451302 PMCID: PMC9073939 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Cuttlefish can modify their body shape and both their pigmentary and structural colors for protection. This adaptability has inspired the development of appearance-changing polymers such as structural color actuators, although in most cases, the original shape has been confined to being flat, and pigmented structural color actuators have not yet been reported. Here, we have successfully created a pigmented structural color actuator using a cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer with a lower actuation temperature where both actuation and coloration (structural and pigmental) are tunable with temperature and NIR light. The shape, structural color, and absorption of the NIR-absorbing dye pigment of the actuator all change with temperature. Light can be used to trigger local in-plane bending actuation in flat films and local shape changes in a variety of 3D-shaped objects. A cuttlefish mimic that can sense light and respond by locally changing its appearance was also made to demonstrate the potential of pigmented structural color actuators for signaling and camouflage in soft robotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Zhang
- Stimuli-Responsive
Functional Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering
and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Michael G. Debije
- Stimuli-Responsive
Functional Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering
and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Laurens T. de Haan
- SCNU-TUE
Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM), National
Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Albert P. H. J. Schenning
- Stimuli-Responsive
Functional Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering
and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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16
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Li Y, Liu T, Ambrogi V, Rios O, Xia M, He W, Yang Z. Liquid Crystalline Elastomers Based on Click Chemistry. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:14842-14858. [PMID: 35319184 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c21096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Liquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs) have emerged as an important class of functional materials that are suitable for a wide range of applications, such as sensors, actuators, and soft robotics. The unique properties of LCEs originate from the combination between liquid crystal and elastomeric network. The control of macroscopic liquid crystalline orientation and network structure is crucial to realizing the useful functionalities of LCEs. A variety of chemistries have been developed to fabricate LCEs, including hydrosilylation, free radical polymerization of acrylate, and polyaddition of epoxy and carboxylic acid. Over the past few years, the use of click chemistry has become a more robust and energy-efficient way to construct LCEs with desired structures. This article provides an overview of emerging LCEs based on click chemistries, including aza-Michael addition between amine and acrylate, radical-mediated thiol-ene and thiol-yne reactions, base-catalyzed thiol-acrylate and thiol-epoxy reactions, copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and Diels-Alder cycloaddition. The similarities and differences of these reactions are discussed, with particular attention focused on the strengths and limitations of each reaction for the preparation of LCEs with controlled structures and orientations. The compatibility of these reactions with the traditional and emerging processing techniques, such as surface alignment and additive manufacturing, are surveyed. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of using click chemistry for the design of LCEs with advanced functionalities and applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tuan Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Veronica Ambrogi
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli 80125, Italy
| | - Orlando Rios
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Min Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wanli He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
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