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Wang B, Tang Y, Deng T, Zhu J, Sun B, Su Y, Ti R, Yang J, Wu W, Cheng N, Zhang C, Lu X, Xu Y, Liang J. Recent progress in aqueous aluminum-ion batteries. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:362004. [PMID: 38848693 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad555c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Aqueous aluminum-ion batteries have many advantages such as their safety, environmental friendliness, low cost, high reserves and the high theoretical specific capacity of aluminum. So aqueous aluminum-ion batteries are potential substitute for lithium-ion batteries. In this paper, the current research status and development trends of cathode and anode materials and electrolytes for aqueous aluminum-ion batteries are described. Aiming at the problem of passivation, corrosion and hydrogen evolution reaction of aluminum anode and dissolution and irreversible change of cathode after cycling in aqueous aluminum-ion batteries. Solutions of different research routes such as ASEI (artificial solid electrolyte interphase), alloying, amorphization, elemental doping, electrolyte regulation, etc and different transformation mechanisms of anode and cathode materials during cycling have been summarized. Moreover, it looks forward to the possible research directions of aqueous aluminum-ion batteries in the future. We hope that this review can provide some insights and support for the design of more suitable electrode materials and electrolytes for aqueous aluminum-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of New Energy Storage System, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Tang
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of New Energy Storage System, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Deng
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of New Energy Storage System, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Beibei Sun
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of New Energy Storage System, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Su
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of New Energy Storage System, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruixia Ti
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of New Energy Storage System, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayue Yang
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of New Energy Storage System, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjiao Wu
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of New Energy Storage System, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Cheng
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of New Energy Storage System, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoyang Zhang
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of New Energy Storage System, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingbao Lu
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of New Energy Storage System, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Xu
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of New Energy Storage System, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfei Liang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, People's Republic of China
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Pan W, Zhang Y, Leong KW, Zhang Y, Mao J, Wang Y, Zhao X, Luo S, Leung DYC. Unlocking the Potential of 2D MoS 2 Cathodes for High-Performance Aqueous Al-Ion Batteries: Deciphering the Intercalation Mechanisms. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2301206. [PMID: 38059756 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there have been significant advancements in Al-ion battery development, resulting in high voltage and capacity. Traditionally, only carbon-based materials with layered structures and strong bonding capabilities can deliver superior performance. However, most other materials exhibited low discharge voltages of 1.4 V, especially in aqueous Al-ion battery systems lacking anion intercalation. Thus, the development of high-voltage cathode materials has become crucial. This study introduces 2D MoS2 as a high-performance cathode for aqueous Al-ion batteries. The material's interlayer structure enables the intercalation of AlCl4 - anions, resulting in high-voltage intercalation. The resulting battery achieved a high voltage of 1.8 V with a capacity of 750 mAh g-1, contributing to a high energy density of 890 Wh kg-1 and an impressive retention rate of ≈100% after 200 cycles. This research not only sheds light on the high-voltage anion-intercalation mechanism of MoS2 but also paves the way for the further development of advanced cathode materials in the field of Al-ion batteries. By demonstrating the potential of using 2D MoS2 as a cathode material, this finding can lead to the development of more efficient and innovative energy storage technologies, ultimately contributing to a sustainable and green energy future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wending Pan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yulong Zhang
- College of Mechatronics and Electrical Engineering, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Kee Wah Leong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yingguang Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jianjun Mao
- Department of Chemistry, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 510006, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Shijing Luo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - D Y C Leung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
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3
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Yu H, Lv C, Yan C, Yu G. Interface Engineering for Aqueous Aluminum Metal Batteries: Current Progresses and Future Prospects. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2300758. [PMID: 37584206 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous aluminum metal batteries (AMBs) have attracted numerous attention because of the abundant reserves, low cost, high theoretical capacity, and high safety. Nevertheless, the poor thermodynamics stability of metallic Al anode in aqueous solution, which is caused by the self-corrosion, surface passivation, or hydrogen evolution reaction, dramatically limits the electrochemical performance and hampers the further development of AMBs. In this comprehensive review, the key scientific challenges of Al anode/electrolyte interface (AEI) are highlighted. A systematic overview is also provided about the recent progress on the rational interface engineering principles toward a relatively stable AEI. Finally, suggestions and perspectives for future research are offered on the optimization of Al anode and aqueous electrolytes to enable a stable and durable AEI, which may pave the way for developing high-performance AMBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaming Yu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, P.R. China
| | - Chade Lv
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, P.R. China
| | - Chunshuang Yan
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, P.R. China
| | - Guihua Yu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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4
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Luo X, Wang R, Zhang L, Liu Z, Li H, Mao J, Zhang S, Hao J, Zhou T, Zhang C. Air-Stable and Low-Cost High-Voltage Hydrated Eutectic Electrolyte for High-Performance Aqueous Aluminum-Ion Rechargeable Battery with Wide-Temperature Range. ACS NANO 2024; 18:12981-12993. [PMID: 38717035 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Aqueous aluminum-ion batteries (AAIBs) are considered as a promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries due to their large theoretical capacity, high safety, and low cost. However, the uneven deposition, hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and corrosion during cycling impede the development of AAIBs, especially under a harsh environment. Here, a hydrated eutectic electrolyte (AATH40) composed of Al(OTf)3, acetonitrile (AN), triethyl phosphate (TEP), and H2O was designed to improve the electrochemical performance of AAIBs in a wide temperature range. The combination of molecular dynamics simulations and spectroscopy analysis reveals that AATH40 has a less-water-solvated structure [Al(AN)2(TEP)(OTf)2(H2O)]3+, which effectively inhibits side reactions, decreases the freezing point, and extends the electrochemical window of the electrolyte. Furthermore, the formation of a solid electrolyte interface, which effectively inhibits HER and corrosion, has been demonstrated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction tests, and in situ differential electrochemical mass spectrometry. Additionally, operando synchrotron Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring reveal a three-electron storage mechanism for the Al//polyaniline full cells. Consequently, AAIBs with this electrolyte exhibit improved cycling stability within the temperature range of -10-50 °C. This present study introduces a promising methodology for designing electrolytes suitable for low-cost, safe, and stable AAIBs over a wide temperature range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiansheng Luo
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Leibniz Research Center of Materials Sciences of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Leibniz Research Center of Materials Sciences of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Longhai Zhang
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Leibniz Research Center of Materials Sciences of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Zixiang Liu
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Leibniz Research Center of Materials Sciences of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Hongbao Li
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Leibniz Research Center of Materials Sciences of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Jianfeng Mao
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| | - Shilin Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| | - Junnan Hao
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| | - Tengfei Zhou
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Leibniz Research Center of Materials Sciences of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Chaofeng Zhang
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Leibniz Research Center of Materials Sciences of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
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Lu C, Zhao F, Tao B, Wang Z, Wang Y, Sheng J, Tang G, Wang Y, Guo X, Li J, Wei L. Anode-Free Aqueous Aluminum Ion Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2402025. [PMID: 38766971 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202402025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Aqueous aluminum ion batteries (AAIBs) possess the advantages of high safety, cost-effectiveness, eco-friendliness and high theoretical capacity. However, the Al2O3 film on the Al anode surface, a natural physical barrier to the plating of hydrated aluminum ions, is a key factor in the decomposition of the aqueous electrolyte and the severe hydrogen precipitation reaction. To circumvent the obnoxious Al anode, a proof-of-concept of an anode-free AAIB is first proposed, in which Al2TiO5, as a cathode pre-aluminum additive (Al source), can replenish Al loss by over cycling. The Al-Cu alloy layer, formed by plating Al on the Cu foil surface during the charge process, possesses a reversible electrochemical property and is paired with a polyaniline (cathode) to stimulate the battery to exhibit high initial discharge capacity (175 mAh g-1), high power density (≈410 Wh L-1) and ultra-long cycle life (4000 cycles) with the capacity retention of ≈60% after 1000 cycles. This work will act as a primer to ignite the enormous prospective researches on the anode-free aqueous Al ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Lu
- Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication of Ministry of Education, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan RD, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Fangfang Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication of Ministry of Education, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan RD, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Bowen Tao
- Science and Technology on Aerospace Chemical Power Laboratory, Hubei Institute of Aerospace Chemotechnology, Xiangyang, Hubei, 441003, China
| | - Zhilong Wang
- Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication of Ministry of Education, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan RD, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication of Ministry of Education, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan RD, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jiaping Sheng
- Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication of Ministry of Education, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan RD, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Gen Tang
- Science and Technology on Aerospace Chemical Power Laboratory, Hubei Institute of Aerospace Chemotechnology, Xiangyang, Hubei, 441003, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Science and Technology on Aerospace Chemical Power Laboratory, Hubei Institute of Aerospace Chemotechnology, Xiangyang, Hubei, 441003, China
| | - Xiang Guo
- Science and Technology on Aerospace Chemical Power Laboratory, Hubei Institute of Aerospace Chemotechnology, Xiangyang, Hubei, 441003, China
| | - Jinjin Li
- Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication of Ministry of Education, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan RD, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Liangming Wei
- Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication of Ministry of Education, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan RD, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
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Lahiri A, Guan S, Chutia A. Modulating Aluminum Solvation with Ionic Liquids for Improved Aqueous-Based Aluminum-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS 2023; 6:11874-11881. [PMID: 38098871 PMCID: PMC10716968 DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.3c01745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous-based Al-ion batteries are attractive alternatives to Li-ion batteries due to their safety, high volumetric energy density, abundance, and recyclability. Although aluminum-ion batteries are attractive, there are major challenges to overcome, which include understanding the nature of the passive layer of aluminum oxide on the aluminum anode, the narrow electrochemical window of aqueous electrolytes, and lack of suitable cathodes. Here, we report using experiments in conjunction with DFT simulations to clarify the role of ionic liquids (ILs) in altering the Al solvation dynamics, which in turn affects the aluminum electrochemistry and aqueous-based battery performance significantly. DFT calculations showed that the addition of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethylsulfonate (EMIMTfO) changes the aluminum solvation structure in the aqueous (Al(TfO)3) electrolyte to lower coordinated solvation shells, thereby influencing and improving Al deposition/stripping on the Zn/Al alloy anode. Furthermore, the addition of an IL reduces the strain in manganese oxide during intercalation/deintercalation, thereby improving the Zn/Al-MnOx battery performance. By optimizing the electrolyte composition, a battery potential of >1.7 V was achieved for the Zn/Al-MnOx system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Lahiri
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Brunel University
London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, U.K.
| | - Shaoliang Guan
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K.
- HarwellXPS,
Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford
Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0FA, U.K.
| | - Arunabhiram Chutia
- School
of Chemistry, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln LN6 7UY, U.K.
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Zhang K, Wang L, Ma C, Yuan Z, Wu C, Ye J, Wu Y. A Comprehensive Evaluation of Battery Technologies for High-Energy Aqueous Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2309154. [PMID: 37967335 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous batteries have garnered significant attention in recent years as a viable alternative to lithium-ion batteries for energy storage, owing to their inherent safety, cost-effectiveness, and environmental sustainability. This study offers a comprehensive review of recent advancements, persistent challenges, and the prospects of aqueous batteries, with a primary focus on energy density compensation of various battery engineering technologies. Additionally, cutting-edge high-energy aqueous battery designs are emphasized as a reference for future endeavors in the pursuit of high-energy storage solutions. Finally, a dual-compatibility battery configuration perspective aimed at concurrently optimizing cycle stability, redox potential, capacity utilization for both anode and cathode materials, as well as the selection of potential electrode candidates, is proposed with the ultimate goal of achieving cell-level energy densities exceeding 400 Wh kg-1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqiang Zhang
- School of Energy Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211816, China
| | - Luoya Wang
- School of Energy Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211816, China
| | - Changlong Ma
- School of Energy Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211816, China
| | - Zijie Yuan
- School of Energy Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211816, China
| | - Chao Wu
- School of Energy Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211816, China
| | - Jilei Ye
- School of Energy Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211816, China
| | - Yuping Wu
- School of Energy Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211816, China
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8
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Razaz G, Arshadirastabi S, Blomquist N, Örtegren J, Carlberg T, Hummelgård M, Olin H. Aluminum Alloy Anode with Various Iron Content Influencing the Performance of Aluminum-Ion Batteries. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:933. [PMID: 36769941 PMCID: PMC9917774 DOI: 10.3390/ma16030933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Considerable research has been devoted to the development of cathode materials for Al-ion batteries, but challenges remain regarding the behavior of aluminum anodes. Inert oxide (Al2O3) film on Al surfaces presents a barrier to electrochemical activity. The structure of the oxide film needs to be weakened to facilitate ion transfer during electrochemical activity. This study addresses oxide film challenges by studying Al alloy anodes with different iron content. The results reveal that using an anode of 99% Al 1% Fe in a cell increases the cycling lifetime by 48%, compared to a 99.99% Al anode. The improvement observed with the 99% Al 1% Fe anode is attributed to its fractional surface area corrosion being about 12% larger than that of a 99.99% Al anode. This is coupled to precipitation of a higher number of Al3Fe particles, which are evenly scattered in the Al matrix of 99% Al 1% Fe. These Al3Fe particles constitute weak spots in the oxide film for the electrolyte to attack, and access to fresh Al. The addition of iron to an Al anode thus offers a cheap and easy route for targeting the oxide passivating film challenge in Al-ion batteries.
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Kim J, Kim M, Selvamani T, Tak Y, Lee G. Multi‐Ionic Capacity of Zn‐Al/V
6
O
13
Systems Enable Fast‐Charging and Ultra‐Stable Aqueous Aluminium‐Ion Batteries. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202200964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jongmin Kim
- Materials and Electrochemistry Lab Department of Chemical Engineering Inha University 22212 Incheon Republic of Korea
| | - Moonsu Kim
- Advanced Energy Materials Design Lab School of Chemical Engineering Yeungnam University 38541 Gyeongsan Republic of Korea
| | - Thangavel Selvamani
- Advanced Energy Materials Design Lab School of Chemical Engineering Yeungnam University 38541 Gyeongsan Republic of Korea
| | - Yongsug Tak
- Materials and Electrochemistry Lab Department of Chemical Engineering Inha University 22212 Incheon Republic of Korea
| | - Gibaek Lee
- Advanced Energy Materials Design Lab School of Chemical Engineering Yeungnam University 38541 Gyeongsan Republic of Korea
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