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Xie M, Zhan Z, Zhang C, Xu W, Zhang C, Chen Y, Dong Z, Wang Z. Programmable Microfluidics Enabled by 3D Printed Bionic Janus Porous Matrics for Microfluidic Logic Chips. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2300047. [PMID: 37127869 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Numerous structures have been functionally optimized for directional liquid transport in nature. Inspired by lush trees' xylem that enable liquid directional transportation from rhizomes to the tip of trees, a new kind of programmable microfluidic porous matrices using projection micro-stereolithography (PµSL) based 3D printing technique is fabricated. Structural matrices with internal superhydrophilicity and external hydrophobicity are assembled for ultra-fast liquid rising enabled by capillary force. Moreover, the unidirectional microfluidic performance of the bionic porous matrices can be theoretically optimized by adjusting its geometric parameters. Most significantly, the successive programmable flow of liquid in a preferred direction inside the bionic porous matrices with tailored wettability is achieved, validating by a precisely printed liquid displayer and a microfluidic logic chip. The programmable and functional microfluidic matrices promise applications of patterned liquid flow, displayer, logic chip, cell screening, gas-liquid separation, and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Xie
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Low-Carbon Technology and Equipment, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Ziheng Zhan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Low-Carbon Technology and Equipment, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Chengqi Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Wanqing Xu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Low-Carbon Technology and Equipment, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Ce Zhang
- Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing, 100094, P. R. China
| | - Yongping Chen
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, P. R. China
| | - Zhichao Dong
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interface Sciences, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zhaolong Wang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Low-Carbon Technology and Equipment, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
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Wang Z, Xie M, Guo Q, Liao Y, Zhang C, Chen Y, Dong Z, Duan H. Hyper-anti-freezing bionic functional surface to -90°C. PNAS NEXUS 2023; 2:pgad177. [PMID: 37293376 PMCID: PMC10246831 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Freezing phenomenon has troubled people for centuries, and efforts have been made to lower the liquid freezing temperature, raise the surface temperature, or mechanical deicing. Inspired by the elytra of beetle, we demonstrate a novel functional surface for directional penetration of liquid to reduce icing. The bionic functional surface is fabricated by projection microstereolithography (PµSL) based three dimensional printing technique with the wettability on its two sides tailored by TiO2 nanoparticle sizing agent. A water droplet penetrates from the hydrophobic side to the superhydrophilic side of such a bionic functional surface within 20 ms, but it is blocked in the opposite direction. Most significantly, the penetration time of a water droplet through such a bionic functional surface is much shorter than the freezing time on it, even though the temperature is as low as -90°C. This work opens a gate for the development of functional devices for liquid collection, condensation, especially for hyperantifogging/freezing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolong Wang
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: (Z.W.); (Y.C.); (Z.D.); (H.D.)
| | - Mingzhu Xie
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Low-carbon Technology and Equipment, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, 1 South Lushan, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Qing Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Yibo Liao
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Low-carbon Technology and Equipment, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, 1 South Lushan, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Ce Zhang
- Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology (CAST), 104 Youyi Road, Beijing 100094, PR China
| | - Yongping Chen
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: (Z.W.); (Y.C.); (Z.D.); (H.D.)
| | - Zhichao Dong
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: (Z.W.); (Y.C.); (Z.D.); (H.D.)
| | - Huigao Duan
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: (Z.W.); (Y.C.); (Z.D.); (H.D.)
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Zhang C, Liao E, Li C, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Lu A, Liu Y, Geng C. 3D Printed Silicones with Shape Morphing and Low-Temperature Ultraelasticity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:4549-4558. [PMID: 36642888 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c20392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
3D printed silicones have demonstrated great potential in diverse areas by combining the advantageous physiochemical properties of silicones with the unparalleled design freedom of additive manufacturing. However, their low-temperature performance, which is of particular importance for polar and space applications, has not been addressed. Herein, a 3D printed silicone foam with unprecedented low-temperature elasticity is presented, which is featured with extraordinary fatigue resistance, excellent shape recovery, and energy-absorbing capability down to a low temperature of -60 °C after extreme compression (an intensive load of over 66000 times its own weight). The foam is achieved by direct writing of a phenyl silicone-based pseudoplastic ink embedded with sodium chloride as sacrificial template. During the water immersion process to create pores in the printed filaments, a unique osmotic pressure-driven shape morphing strategy is also reported, which offers an attractive alternative to traditional 4D printed hydrogels in virtue of the favorable mechanical robustness of the silicone material. The underlying mechanisms for shape morphing and low-temperature elasticity are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Enze Liao
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Changlin Li
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Yaling Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), Mianyang 621900, China
| | | | - Ai Lu
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), Mianyang 621900, China
| | | | - Chengzhen Geng
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), Mianyang 621900, China
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Wang Z, Li Y, Gong S, Li W, Duan H, Cheng P, Chen Y, Dong Z. Three-Dimensional Open Water Microchannel Transpiration Mimetics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:30435-30442. [PMID: 35736861 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c09165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The key problem that hinders the water transportation performance and application of microchannels is the annoying gaslock. Realizing liquid transport without the gaslock requires a specially designed pump and a channel system, as well as the reduction of gas concentration in liquids. In nature, to eat viscous nectar with high efficiency, hummingbirds use their open geometric tongue for nectar-sucking. Inspired by hummingbirds' tongue, we report a bionic open microchannel that discharges unwanted gas inside the microchannel from the opening without influencing its fluidic performance. The opening can also be used for extrusion of oil droplets in microchannels, indicating great potential applications in oil-water separation and chemical slow release, especially for bubble discharge in microchannels. Most significantly, a mimicked "leaf" with our bionic open microchannnels exhibits marvelous "transpiration" performance when irradiated by a laser. Our work provides a new strategy for the fabrication of open microchannels and sheds light on potential applications of multiphase phenomena in microchannels including oil-water separation, phase change heat and mass transfer, solar vapor generation, and precisely controllable drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolong Wang
- College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Li
- College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Gong
- MOE Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Wenhao Li
- College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Huigao Duan
- College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Ping Cheng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yongping Chen
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P. R. China
| | - Zhichao Dong
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interface Sciences, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Future Technology College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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Bioinspired Photo-Responsive Liquid Gating Membrane. Biomimetics (Basel) 2022; 7:biomimetics7020047. [PMID: 35466264 PMCID: PMC9036211 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics7020047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Stomata in the plant leaves are channels for gas exchange between the plants and the atmosphere. The gas exchange rate can be regulated by adjusting the opening and closing of stoma under the external stimuli, which plays a vital role in plant survival. Under visible light irradiation, the stomata open for gas exchange with the surroundings, while under intense UV light irradiation, the stomata close to prevent the moisture loss of plants from excessive transpiration. Inspired by this stomatal self-protection behavior, we have constructed a bioinspired photo-responsive liquid gating membrane (BPRLGM) through infusing the photo-responsive gating liquid obtained by dissolving the azobenzene-based photo-responsive surfactant molecules (AzoC8F15) in N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC) into nylon porous substrate, which can reversibly switch the open/closed states under different photo-stimuli. Theoretical analysis and experimental data have demonstrated that the reversible photoisomerization of azobenzene-based surfactant molecules induces a change in surface tension of the photo-responsive gating liquid, which eventually results in the reversible variation of substantial critical pressure for gas through BPRLGM under alternating UV (PCritical (off)) and visible (PCritical (on)) light irradiations. Therefore, driven by a pressure difference ΔP between PCritical (on) and PCritical (off), the reversible switches on the open/closed states of this photo-responsive liquid gating membrane can be realized under photo-stimuli. This bioinspired membrane with switchable open/closed liquid gating performance under photo-stimuli has the opportunity to be used in the precise and contactless control of microfluidics.
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