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Li M, Xie Z, Zheng M. Viscosity-activated carbon dots for noninvasive disease diagnosis, therapeutic efficacy assessment and anticancer drug screening. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 263:116576. [PMID: 39038399 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Abnormal levels of intracellular microviscosity have a close relationship with some diseases and pathologies. Therefore, quantitative imaging of viscosity at the cellular and organ levels is beneficial for disease diagnosis, curative effect evaluation, and anticancer drug screening. Herein, we synthesized viscosity-activated orange-red emitting carbon dots (named as LP-CDs) from lignin and p-phenylenediamine using a one-step method, whose fluorescence intensity, lifetime, and quantum yield significantly increase with rising viscosity. Meanwhile, the fluorescence intensity of LP-CDs also has a good linear relationship with the solution viscosity. Taking the advantages of high sensitivity, noninvasiveness, and rapid result output of fluorescence imaging, LP-CDs can visualize the cellular viscosity changes induced by inflammation and hyperglycemia, and image tumor evolution. More importantly, LP-CDs can be used as powerful sensors to screen anticancer drugs in vivo by evaluating therapeutic effects. This work provides a new scheme for constructing robust nanoprobes to achieve the diagnosis and imaging-guided surgery of viscosity related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxin Li
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, PR China
| | - Zhigang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, PR China
| | - Min Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, PR China.
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2
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Luo X, McAndrews KM, Arian KA, Morse SJ, Boeker V, Kumbhar SV, Hu Y, Mahadevan KK, Church KA, Chitta S, Ryujin NT, Hensel J, Dai J, Dowlatshahi DP, Sugimoto H, Kirtley ML, LeBleu VS, Shalapour S, Simmons JH, Kalluri R. Development of an engineered extracellular vesicles-based vaccine platform for combined delivery of mRNA and protein to induce functional immunity. J Control Release 2024; 374:550-562. [PMID: 39146981 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
mRNA incorporated in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) became a new class of vaccine modality for induction of immunity against COVID-19 and ushered in a new era in vaccine development. Here, we report a novel, easy-to-execute, and cost effective engineered extracellular vesicles (EVs)-based combined mRNA and protein vaccine platform (EVX-M+P vaccine) and explore its utility in proof-of-concept immunity studies in the settings of cancer and infectious disease. As a first example, we engineered EVs, natural nanoparticle carriers shed by all cells, to contain ovalbumin mRNA and protein (EVOvaM+P vaccine) to serve as cancer vaccine against ovalbumin-expressing melanoma tumors. EVOvaM+P administration to mice with established melanoma tumors resulted in tumor regression associated with effective humoral and adaptive immune responses. As a second example, we generated engineered EVs that contain Spike (S) mRNA and protein to serve as a combined mRNA and protein vaccine (EVSpikeM+P vaccine) against SARS-CoV-2 infection. EVSpikeM+P vaccine administration in mice and baboons elicited robust production of neutralizing IgG antibodies against RBD (receptor binding domain) of S protein and S protein specific T cell responses. Our proof-of-concept study describes a new platform with an ability for rapid development of combination mRNA and protein vaccines employing EVs for deployment against cancer and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Luo
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America; Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Kathleen M McAndrews
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Kent A Arian
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Sami J Morse
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Viktoria Boeker
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Shreyasee V Kumbhar
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Yingying Hu
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Krishnan K Mahadevan
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Kaira A Church
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Sriram Chitta
- Michale E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX, United States of America
| | - Nicolas T Ryujin
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Janine Hensel
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Jianli Dai
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Dara P Dowlatshahi
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Hikaru Sugimoto
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Michelle L Kirtley
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Valerie S LeBleu
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America; Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Shabnam Shalapour
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Joe H Simmons
- Michale E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX, United States of America
| | - Raghu Kalluri
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America; Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States of America; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America.
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3
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Song X, Hao C, Li Y, Li Y, Dong H, Wei Q, Wei M, Li H, Zhao L. Chiral inorganic nanomaterials in the tumor microenvironment: A new chapter in cancer therapy. Pharmacol Res 2024; 208:107386. [PMID: 39216840 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Chirality plays a crucial function in the regulation of normal physiological processes and is widespread in organisms. Chirality can be imparted to nanomaterials, whether they are natural or manmade, through the process of asymmetric assembly and/or grafting of molecular chiral groups or linkers. Chiral inorganic nanomaterials possess unique physical and chemical features that set them apart from regular nanomaterials. They also have the ability to interact with cells and tissues in a specific manner, making them useful in various biomedical applications, particularly in the treatment of tumors. Despite the growing amount of research on chiral inorganic nanomaterials in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and their promising potential applications, there is a lack of literature that comprehensively summarizes the intricate interactions between chiral inorganic nanomaterials and TME. In this review, we introduce the fundamental concept, classification, synthesis methods, and physicochemical features of chiral inorganic nanomaterials. Next, we briefly outline the components of TME, such as T cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, and weak acids, and then discuss the anti-tumor effects of several chiral inorganic nanoparticles targeting these components and their potential for possible application during cancer therapy. Finally, the present challenges faced by chiral inorganic nanomaterials in cancer treatment and their future areas of investigation are disclosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyi Song
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of molecular targeted anti-tumor drug development and evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China.
| | - Chenjing Hao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of molecular targeted anti-tumor drug development and evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China.
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of molecular targeted anti-tumor drug development and evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China.
| | - Yunong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of molecular targeted anti-tumor drug development and evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China.
| | - Hongzhi Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of molecular targeted anti-tumor drug development and evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China.
| | - Qian Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of molecular targeted anti-tumor drug development and evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China.
| | - Minjie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of molecular targeted anti-tumor drug development and evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China.
| | - Heran Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China.
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of molecular targeted anti-tumor drug development and evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China.
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4
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Qu A, Sun M, Xu L, Liu L, Guo L, Chen P, Wang Q, Du Z, Wu Z, Xu C, Kuang H. Chiral Nanomaterials for Cancer Vaccines. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2301332. [PMID: 37997213 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Chirality is a fundamental characteristic of living organisms and is commonly observed at the biomolecule, cellular, and tissue levels. Chiral nanomaterials play an irreplaceable role in nanomedicine and nanobiology because of their unique enantioselectivity with biological components. Here, research progress relating to chiral nanomaterials in the field of vaccines is reviewed, including antigen presenting systems, immune adjuvants, and cancer vaccines. First, the common synthesis methods are outlined for different types of chiral nanomaterials, as well as their chiral sources, optical properties, and potential biological applications. Then, the application of chiral nanomaterials are discussed in the field of vaccines with reference to the promotion of antigen presentation and activation of the immune system for tumor immunotherapy. Finally, the current obstacles and future research directions of chiral nanomaterials are revealed with regard to regulating the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aihua Qu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Maozhong Sun
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Liguang Xu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Liqiang Liu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Lingling Guo
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Panpan Chen
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214002, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214002, P. R. China
| | - Zhimeng Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Chuanlai Xu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Hua Kuang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
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5
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Chen J, Cui M, He L, Mu Y, Hu N, Guan X. Engineered elastin-like polypeptide-based hydrogel delivering chemotherapeutics and PD-L1 antibodies for potentiated cancer immunotherapy. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:10355-10361. [PMID: 37817648 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01974h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have effectively eradicated advanced tumors by inducing durable and systematic antitumor immune responses. However, when used as a standalone treatment, ICIs typically exhibit a low response rate in many cancers. In this study, we engineered an in situ-formed gel depot using elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) to efficiently deliver PD-L1 antibodies (aPD-L1) and gemcitabine (GEM) for enhanced immunotherapy in melanoma. Sustainably released chemotherapeutics from gel depots could kill melanoma cells and promote PD-L1 upregulation in tumor cells. Moreover, aPD-L1/GEM-encapsulated ELP hydrogel promoted a 3.0-fold increase of tumor-infiltrated CD8+ T cells and 60% Tregs depletion compared with PBS group, eliciting a robust antitumor immune response for immunotherapy in melanoma mouse models. This research highlights the promising potential of ELP-based hydrogels in delivering ICIs and chemotherapeutic agents for potentiated cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinguang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou University, Taizhou 318001, P. R. China
| | - Meiying Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College, Jining 272007, China
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Medical School, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318001, P. R. China.
| | - Lianping He
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Medical School, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318001, P. R. China.
| | - Yeteng Mu
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Medical School, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318001, P. R. China.
| | - Nannan Hu
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Medical School, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318001, P. R. China.
| | - Xingang Guan
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Medical School, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318001, P. R. China.
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6
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Chen X, Yu M, Li P, Xu C, Zhang S, Wang Y, Xing X. Recent Progress on Chiral Carbon Dots: Synthetic Strategies and Biomedical Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:5548-5566. [PMID: 37735749 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of chiral carbon dots (Ch-CDs) has opened up an exciting new research direction in the field of carbon dots. It not only retains the chirality of the precursor and exhibits highly symmetric chiral optical properties but also has properties such as chemical stability, antibacterial and antitumor properties, and good biocompatibility of carbon dots. Based on these advantages, the application of Ch-CDs in the biomedical field has attracted significant interest among researchers. However, a comprehensive review of the selection of precursors for Ch-CDs, preparation methods, and applications in biomedical fields is still lacking. Here, we summarize their precursor selection and preparation methods based on recent reports on Ch-CDs and provide the first comprehensive review for specific applications in biomedical engineering, such as biosensing, bioimaging, drug carriers, antibacterial and antibiofilm, and enzyme activity modulation. Finally, we discuss application prospects and challenges that need to be overcome. We hope this review will provide valuable guidance for researchers to prepare novel Ch-CDs and facilitate their application in biomedical engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueli Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Meizhe Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Peili Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - Chunning Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Shiyin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yanglei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Xiaodong Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
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7
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Zhan YR, He X, Huang ZY, Chen P, Tian MM, Li GH, Yu XQ, Song XR, Zhang J. A novel fluoropolymer as a protein delivery vector with robust adjuvant effect for cancer immunotherapy. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:8933-8942. [PMID: 37682063 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01531a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
The inefficient treatment using protein-based nanovaccines is largely attributed to their inadequate immunogenicity. Herein, we developed a novel fluoropolymer (PF) via ring-opening polymerization and constructed a fluoropolymer-based nanovaccine for tumor immunotherapy. Due to the existence of fluoroalkyl chains, PF not only played a crucial role in tumor antigen delivery but also exhibited a remarkable adjuvant effect in enhancing the immunogenicity of nanovaccines. The nanovaccines formed by mixing PF with a model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) enhanced the uptake of antigen proteins by dendritic cells (DCs) and promoted the maturation and antigen presentation of DCs. Compared with free OVA, PF/OVA showed better efficacy in both pre-cancer prevention and tumor treatment. Furthermore, the proportion of CD4+ T and CD8+ T cells was significantly increased in lymph nodes and tumors of mice immunized with PF/OVA. Additionally, there was a great enhancement in the levels of key anti-tumor cytokines (TNF-α and IFN-γ) in the serum of the PF/OVA immunized mice. Our research has shown that fluoropolymer PF applied as a protein vector and adjuvant has great potential for the development of nanovaccines with robust immunogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Rong Zhan
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xi He
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Zhi-Ying Huang
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Ping Chen
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Miao-Miao Tian
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Guo-Hong Li
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xiao-Qi Yu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xiang-Rong Song
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Ji Zhang
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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8
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Zhao M, Hao D, Wu Q, Li Y, Pei Q, Sun T, Wang K, Xie Z. Porphyrin Cholesterol Conjugates for Enhanced Photodynamic Immunotherapy toward Lung Cancer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37471051 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c05825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the major cause of cancer death worldwide. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) of PD-1/PD-L1 have improved the survival rate in some patients with lung cancer. However, the efficacy of ICIs is limited by the inhibitory tumor immune microenvironment. Herein, we designed porphyrin cholesterol conjugates (TPPC) for synergistic photodynamic therapy (PDT)-immunotherapy for lung cancer. Porphyrin derivatives with great reactive oxygen species (ROS) production efficiency have been applied as photosensitizers in clinics, and cholesterol is one of the main components of the cell membrane. Porphyrin cholesterol conjugates could assemble into nanoparticles (NPs) in the absence of surfactants or amphiphilic polymers. On the other hand, TPPC NP-mediated PDT could accumulate at the tumor site and induce immunogenic cell death to stimulate and recruit antigen-presenting cells to mature and activate T cells, rendering cancer cells more sensitive to ICIs. Importantly, the combination strategy reshapes the tumor immune microenvironment to enhance the antitumor immune response and significantly suppresses the tumor growth and eliminates metastasis. This study offers theoretical guidance for the combination of PDT and ICIs as a potential therapeutic option in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P. R. China
| | - Dengyuan Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
| | - Qihang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
| | - Yite Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
| | - Qing Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
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9
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Patrick B, Akhtar T, Kousar R, Huang CC, Li XG. Carbon Nanomaterials: Emerging Roles in Immuno-Oncology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076600. [PMID: 37047572 PMCID: PMC10095276 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has made breakthrough progress in cancer treatment. However, only a subset of patients benefits from immunotherapy. Given their unique structure, composition, and interactions with the immune system, carbon nanomaterials have recently attracted tremendous interest in their roles as modulators of antitumor immunity. Here, we focused on the latest advances in the immunological effects of carbon nanomaterials. We also reviewed the current preclinical applications of these materials in cancer therapy. Finally, we discussed the challenges to be overcome before the full potential of carbon nanomaterials can be utilized in cancer therapies to ultimately improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bbumba Patrick
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Tahira Akhtar
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
- Institute of Translational Medicine and New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Rubina Kousar
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Huang
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
| | - Xing-Guo Li
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
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10
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Liu H, Xie Z, Zheng M. Carbon Dots and Tumor Antigen Conjugates as Nanovaccines for Elevated Cancer Immunotherapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2206683. [PMID: 36978241 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has become one of the current research hotspots. However, the deficiencies including restricted immunogenicity, insufficient antigen presentation, and low responsive rate limited their therapeutic applications. Own to the small size and excellent biocompatibility, carbon dots (CDs) can serve as nanovectors to improve the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Herein, a tumor antigen-based nanovaccines (GMal+B16F10-Ag and GMal+CT26-Ag) by the conjugation of CDs with the tumor cell-derived antigens (B16F10-Ag and CT26-Ag) is constructed. These nanovaccines can be effectively taken up by dendritic cells (DC2.4), promote DC cell maturation, cross-present the antigen to T cells, specifically target B16F10 melanoma or CT26 colon cancers, and inhibit tumor growth distinctly. This work illustrates the promise of CDs acting as versatile carriers for antigen delivery to achieve the optimal immunotherapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Min Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, P. R. China
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Wang Z, Hao Y, Chen Y, Dong W, Liu Y, Li J, Gao H, Wang X, Shuang S, Dong C, Gong X. Robust solvatochromic carbon quantum dots for selective detection of water and Sn 4+ and specific lipid imaging. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 445:130456. [PMID: 36450190 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Developing carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with the solvatochromic effect and exploring multifunctional applications remains challenging. Herein, robust solvatochromic carbon quantum dots (RS-CQDs) with emission shift up to ∼62 nm from yellow to red was fabricated by the hydrothermal method. The RS-CQDs was used to detect water and Sn4+ in the linear ranges and limits of detection of 2.0-97.6% and 0.14% and 6.24-53.18 μM and 66.3 nM, respectively, and was further applied to determine Sn4+ in practical water samples with satisfactory results. In addition, RS-CQDs exhibited bright red emission in oil media with a 9.7-fold increase in fluorescence relative to aqueous media, making them a wash-free probe for specifically staining lipids. Compared to the commercial lipid marker BODIPY 493/503, the RS-CQDs-based probe has significant advantages, such as longer emission, larger Stokes shift, and better photostability, ensuring that RS-CQDs-based marker can implement real-time and wash-free monitoring and imaging of lipids in living cells, liver tissues, zebrafish embryos, and zebrafish larvae. This study provides a novel research direction for the development of metal-doped CQDs by demonstrating RS-CQDs as the viability of fluorescence probes for water and Sn4+ detection and the efficiency of RS-CQDs as a fluorescent marker for lipid imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Wang
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yumin Hao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yihong Chen
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Wenjuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Hong Gao
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Shanxi Research Center for Information and Strategy of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Shaomin Shuang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Chuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xiaojuan Gong
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
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