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Hu W, Liu Y, Li X, Lei L, Lin H, Yuan Q, Mao D, Luo Y. Nanobody-based strategy for rapid and accurate pathogen detection: A case of COVID-19 testing. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 263:116598. [PMID: 39094292 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Antibody pairs-based immunoassay platforms served as essential and effective tools in the field of pathogen detection. However, the cumbersome preparation and limited detection sensitivity of antibody pairs challenge in establishment of a highly sensitive detection platform. In this study, using COVID-19 testing as a case, we utilized readily accessible nanobodies as detection antibodies and further proposed an accurate design concept with a more scientific and efficient screening strategy to obtain ultrasensitive antibody pairs. We employed nanobodies capable of binding different antigenic epitopes of the nucleocapsid (NP) or receptor-binding domain (RBD) antigens sandwich as substitutes for monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) sandwich in fast detection formats and utilized time-resolved fluorescence (TRF) microspheres as the signal probe. Consequently, we developed a multi-epitope nanobody sandwich-based fluorescence lateral flow immunoassay (FLFA) strip. Our results suggest that the NP antigen had a detection limit of 12.01pg/mL, while the RBD antigen had a limit of 6.51 pg/mL using our FLFA strip. Based on double mAb sandwiches, the values presented herein demonstrated 4 to 32-fold enhancements in sensitivity, and 32 to 256-fold enhancements compared to commercially available antigen lateral flow assay kits. Furthermore, we demonstrated the excellent characteristics of the proposed test strip, including its specificity, stability, accuracy, and repeatability, which underscores its the prospective utility. Indeed, these findings indicate that our established screening strategy along with the multi-epitope nanobody sandwich mode provides an optimized strategy in the field of pathogen detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yichen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Xi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Liusheng Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Huai Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Qingbin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Daqing Mao
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Yi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
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Pradanas-González F, Cortés MG, Glahn-Martínez B, Del Barrio M, Purohit P, Benito-Peña E, Orellana G. Biosensing strategies using recombinant luminescent proteins and their use for food and environmental analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024:10.1007/s00216-024-05552-x. [PMID: 39325139 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05552-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Progress in synthetic biology and nanotechnology plays at present a major role in the fabrication of sophisticated and miniaturized analytical devices that provide the means to tackle the need for new tools and methods for environmental and food safety. Significant research efforts have led to biosensing experiments experiencing a remarkable growth with the development and application of recombinant luminescent proteins (RLPs) being at the core of this boost. Integrating RLPs into biosensors has resulted in highly versatile detection platforms. These platforms include luminescent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET)-based sensors, and genetically encoded luminescent biosensors. Increased signal-to-noise ratios, rapid response times, and the ability to monitor dynamic biological processes in live cells are advantages inherent to the approaches mentioned above. Furthermore, novel fusion proteins and optimized expression systems to improve their stability, brightness, and spectral properties have enhanced the performance and pertinence of luminescent biosensors in diverse fields. This review highlights recent progress in RLP-based biosensing, showcasing their implementation for monitoring different contaminants commonly found in food and environmental samples. Future perspectives and potential challenges in these two areas of interest are also addressed, providing a comprehensive overview of the current state and a forecast of the biosensing strategies using recombinant luminescent proteins to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Pradanas-González
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ciencias 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta García Cortés
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ciencias 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bettina Glahn-Martínez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ciencias 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Melisa Del Barrio
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ciencias 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Purohit
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ciencias 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Elena Benito-Peña
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ciencias 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Guillermo Orellana
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ciencias 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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Guo L, Zhou S, Xue J, Liu Z, Xu S, He Z, Yang H. Signal-enhanced electrochemical sensor employing MWCNTs/CMK-3/AuNPs and Au@Pd core-shell structure for sensitive determination of AFB 1 in complex matrix. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:594. [PMID: 39264373 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06665-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
A sandwich electrochemical sensor was fabricated based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes/ordered mesoporous carbon/AuNP (MWCNTs/CMK-3/AuNP) nanocomposites and porous core-shell nanoparticles Au@PdNPs to achieve rapid and sensitive detection of AFB1 in complex matrices. MWCNTs/CMK-3/AuNP nanocomposite, which was prepared by self-assembly method, served as a substrate material to increase the aptamer loading and improve the conductivity and electrocatalytic activity of the electrode for the first signal amplification. Then, Au@PdNPs, which were synthesized by one-pot aqueous phase method, were applied as nanocarriers loaded with plenty of capture probe antibody (Ab) and signal molecule toluidine blue (Tb) to form the Au@PdNPs-Ab-Tb bioconjugates for secondary signal amplification. The sensing system could still significantly improve the signal output intensity even in the presence of ultra-low concentration target compound due to the dual signal amplification of MWCNTs/CMK-3/AuNP nanocomposites and Au@PdNPs-Ab-Tb. The method exhibited high selectivity, low detection limit (9.13 fg/mL), and strong stability to differentiate AFB1 from other mycotoxins. Furthermore, the sensor has been successfully applied to the quantitative determination of AFB1 in corn, malt, and six herbs, which has potential applications in food safety, quality control, and environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Guo
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Shijin Zhou
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyan Xue
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Zenghui Liu
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuqing Xu
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangxu He
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaixia Yang
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, People's Republic of China.
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Xu L, Qu W, Hao X, Fang M, Yang Q, Li Y, Gong Z, Li P. Immunochromatographic Strip Based on Tetrahedral DNA Immunoprobe for the Detection of Aflatoxin B 1 in Rice Bran Oil. Foods 2024; 13:2410. [PMID: 39123601 PMCID: PMC11311855 DOI: 10.3390/foods13152410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a widespread contaminant in food and feeds, poses a threat to the health of animals and humans. Consequently, it is significant to develop a rapid, precise and highly sensitive analytical method for the detection of AFB1. Herein, we developed an immunochromatographic strip (ICS) based on a tetrahedral DNA (TDN) immunoprobe for AFB1 determination in rice bran oil. Three sizes of TDN immunoprobes (AuNP-TDN13bp-mAb, AuNP-TDN17bp-mAb, AuNP-TDN26bp-mAb) were constructed, and the performance of these three immunoprobes, including the effective antibody labeling density and immunoaffinity, was measured and compared with that of the immunoprobe (AuNP-mAb) developed using the physical adsorption method. Subsequently, the optimal TDN immunoprobe, namely AuNP-TDN13bp-mAb, was selected to prepare the immunochromatographic strip (ICS) for the qualitative and quantitative detection of AFB1 in rice bran oil. The visual limits of detection (vLODs) of the ICS based on AuNP-TDN13bp-mAb and AuNP-mAb were 0.2 ng/mL and 2 ng/mL, with scanning quantitative limits (sLOQs) of 0.13 ng/mL and 1.4 ng/mL, respectively. The ICS demonstrated a wide linear range from 0.02 ng/mL to 0.5 ng/mL, with good specificity, accuracy, precision, repeatability, and stability. Moreover, a high consistency was observed between the constructed ICS and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) in the quantification of AFB1. The results indicated that the introduction of TDN was beneficial for promoting efficient antibody labeling, protecting the bioactivity of immunoprobes, and increasing the sensitivity of detection, which would provide new perspectives for the achievement of the highly sensitive detection of mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (W.Q.); (X.H.); (M.F.); (Q.Y.); (Y.L.); (Z.G.)
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430023, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Wenli Qu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (W.Q.); (X.H.); (M.F.); (Q.Y.); (Y.L.); (Z.G.)
| | - Xiaotong Hao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (W.Q.); (X.H.); (M.F.); (Q.Y.); (Y.L.); (Z.G.)
| | - Min Fang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (W.Q.); (X.H.); (M.F.); (Q.Y.); (Y.L.); (Z.G.)
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430023, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Qing Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (W.Q.); (X.H.); (M.F.); (Q.Y.); (Y.L.); (Z.G.)
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430023, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Yuzhi Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (W.Q.); (X.H.); (M.F.); (Q.Y.); (Y.L.); (Z.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Detection Technology of Focus Chemical Hazards in Animal-Derived Food for State Market Regulation, Hubei Provincial Institute for Food Supervision and Test, Wuhan 430075, China
| | - Zhiyong Gong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (W.Q.); (X.H.); (M.F.); (Q.Y.); (Y.L.); (Z.G.)
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430023, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Peiwu Li
- National Reference Laboratory for Agricultural Testing (Biotoxin), Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oilseed Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
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Xu X, Yue S, Tu K, Yuan B, Bi S, Yu J, Qiu H, Zhang H, Zhang L, Wu HF, Chen XJ, Zhao S, Zhang W, Zhang JN, Jiang LP, Zhang JR, Zhu JJ. Multi-Shell Nanourchin-Integrated Dual Mode Lateral Flow Immunoassay for Sensitive and Rapid Detection of Clinical Cardiac Myosin-Binding Protein C. Anal Chem 2024; 96:11853-11861. [PMID: 38989993 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac myosin-binding protein C (cMyBP-C) is a novel cardiac marker of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and acute cardiac injuries (ACI). Construction of point-of-care testing techniques capable of sensing cMyBP-C with high sensitivity and precision is urgently needed. Herein, we synthesized an Au@NGQDs@Au/Ag multi-shell nanoUrchins (MSNUs), and then applied it in a colorimetric/SERS dual-mode immunoassay for detection of cMyBP-C. The MSNUs displayed superior stability, colorimetric brightness, and SERS enhancement ability with an enhanced factor of 5.4 × 109, which were beneficial to improve the detection capability of test strips. The developed MSNU-based test strips can achieve an ultrasensitive immunochromatographic assay of cMyBP-C in both colorimetric and SERS modes with the limits of detection as low as 19.3 and 0.77 pg/mL, respectively. Strikingly, this strip was successfully applied to analyze actual plasma samples with significantly better sensitivity, negative predictive value, and accuracy than commercially available gold test strips. Notably, this method possessed a wide range of application scenarios via combining with a color recognizer application named Color Grab on the smartphone, which can meet various needs of different users. Overall, our MSNU-based test strip as a mobile health monitoring tool shows excellent sensitivity, reproducibility, and rapid detection of the cMyBP-C, which holds great potential for the early clinic diagnosis of AMI and ACI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Shuzhen Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Keke Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Baozhen Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Sai Bi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Shandong Provincial Universities for Functional Molecules and Materials, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Jinjin Yu
- Nanjing Bottests Biotech CO., LTD, Nanjing 211112, P. R. China
| | - Hui Qiu
- Nanjing Bottests Biotech CO., LTD, Nanjing 211112, P. R. China
| | - Haotian Zhang
- Nanjing Bottests Biotech CO., LTD, Nanjing 211112, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Nanjing Bottests Biotech CO., LTD, Nanjing 211112, P. R. China
| | - Heng-Fang Wu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Jian Chen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Zhao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, P. R. China
| | - Ji-Nan Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, P. R. China
| | - Li-Ping Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Rong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
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Guo M, Pang J, Wang Y, Bi C, Xu Z, Shen Y, Yang J, Wang H, Sun Y. Nanobodies-based colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay for specific detection of parathion. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1310:342717. [PMID: 38811143 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Parathion is one of organophosphorus pesticide, which has been prohibited in agricultural products due to its high toxicity to human beings. However, there are still abuse cases for profit in agricultural production. Hence, we established nanobodies-based colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay (GICA) in which nanobodies (Nbs) as an excellent recognition element, greatly improving the stability and sensitivity of ICA. Under the optimal conditions, the developed Nbs-based GICA showed a cut-off value of 50 ng/mL for visual judgment and a half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 2.39 ng/mL for quantitative detection. The limit of detection (LOD) was as low as 0.15 ng/mL which was significantly 50-fold higher sensitivity than the commercial mAb-ICA. Additionally, this method exhibited good recoveries for the detection of cabbage, cucumber, and orange samples and excellent correlation with the UPLC-MS/MS method. The results showed that this method developed in this work based on nanobody can be used in practical detection of parathion in foods and nanobody is novel prospective antibody resource for immunoassays of chemical contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingwei Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Mordern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jiarui Pang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Mordern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Food Inspection, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Chaohui Bi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Mordern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhenlin Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Mordern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yudong Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Mordern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jinyi Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Mordern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Mordern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Yuanming Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Mordern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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Zhao Y, He B, Li D, Gao L, Ren W. Nanobody and CuS Nanoflower-Au-Based Lateral Flow Immunoassay Strip to Enhance the Detection of Aflatoxin B 1. Foods 2024; 13:1845. [PMID: 38928787 PMCID: PMC11203097 DOI: 10.3390/foods13121845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In the realm of analysis, the lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) is frequently utilized due to its capability to be fast and immediate. However, the biggest challenge of the LFIA is its low detection sensitivity and tolerance to matrix interference, making it impossible to enable accurate, qualitative analyses. In this study, we developed a new LFIA with higher affinity and sensitivity, based on a nanobody (G8-DIG) and CuS nanoflowers-Au (CuS NFs-Au), for the detection of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in maize. We synthesized the immunoprobe G8-DIG@CuS NFs-Au, stimulated the in situ development of Au nanoparticles (Au NPs) on Cu NFs by electrical displacement, and obtained Cu NFs-Au for fixing the G8-DIG. G8-DIG@CuS NFs-Au probe-based LFIAs may, in ideal circumstances, use a strip chromatography reader to accomplish sensitive quantitative detection and qualitative visualization. AFB1 has a detection range of 2.82-89.56 µg/L and a detection limit of 0.87 µg/L. When compared with an LFIA based on CuS NFs, this sensitivity is increased by 2.76 times. The practical application of this method in corn flour demonstrated a recovery rate of 81.7% to 117%. Therefore, CuS NFs-Au show great potential for detecting analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Wenjie Ren
- National Engineering Research Center of Wheat and Corn Further Processing, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Y.Z.); (B.H.); (D.L.); (L.G.)
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Baruah S, Mohanta D, Betty CA. Highly sensitive and label free on-site monitoring immunosensor for detection of Aflatoxin B 1 from real samples. Anal Biochem 2024; 689:115493. [PMID: 38403259 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2024.115493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AF-B1) are toxins secreted by secondary metabolites of molds that have adverse effects on humans and animals resulting in huge economic losses. Here we report on field useable, cost effective and direct electrochemical sensor based on conducting polymer composite electrode, Poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): polystyrene sulphonic acid (PEDOT-PSS) for label-free detection of AF-B1. Structural and morphological characterization of composite electrodes were carried out using XRD and SEM. We compared two different electroanalytical techniques namely, transient capacitance and differential pulse voltammetry, to select the most prominent technique for analyzing the mycotoxin easily. For direct detection of AF-B1, transient capacitance measurement at 77 and 1000 Hz was employed wherein sensor showed linearity in 18.18-300.0 ng mL-1 range at 77 Hz for AF-B1. Best limit of detection (LOD) for AF-B1 was 55.41 ng mL-1 (369 pM) at 77 Hz with very good repeatability. DPV showed linearity in the range 18.18-342.85 ng mL-1 with LOD 435 pM. For demonstration of application of this sensor directly using minimum sample preparation, AF-B1 sensing has been confirmed successfully using white button mushrooms and okra stored at ambient conditions. Sensor response with real samples suggest usefulness of sensor to monitor stored farm products easily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susmita Baruah
- Nanoscience and Soft Matter Laboratory, Department of Physics, Tezpur University, PO: Napaam, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India
| | - D Mohanta
- Nanoscience and Soft Matter Laboratory, Department of Physics, Tezpur University, PO: Napaam, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India.
| | - C A Betty
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, Maharashtra, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400094, Maharashtra, India.
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Feng X, Sun Y, Zhang T, Li J, Zhao H, Zhao W, Xiang G, He L. Ionic liquid-functionalized mesoporous multipod silica for simultaneously effective extraction of aflatoxin B 1 and its two precursors from grain. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1303:342544. [PMID: 38609271 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and its precursors contaminate food and agricultural products, posing a significant risk to food safety and human health, but simultaneous and effective extraction and determination of AFB1 and its precursors with varied structures is still a challenging task. RESULTS In this study, a bisimidazolium-type ionic liquid functionalized mesoporous multipod silica (SiO2@mPMO-IL(im)2) was fabricated to extract AFB1 and its two precursors, i.e., averantin and sterigmatocystin. The SiO2@mPMO-IL(im)2 could simultaneously extract three targets with varied structures based on the multipods, mesopores, and multifunctional groups. The density functional theory calculations further verified the multiple interactions between SiO2@mPMO-IL(im)2 and targets. The fabricated SiO2@mPMO-IL(im)2 could effectively extract and determine three targets in grains by combing with dispersive solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography. Good linearity (r2 > 0.9978), low LODs (0.9-1.5 μg kg-1) and LOQs (3.0-4.5 μg kg-1), satisfactory spiked recoveries (92.5%-106.8%) and high precisions (RSD<6.4%) were observed. SIGNIFICANCE AND NOVELTY This work demonstrates the feasibility of SiO2@mPMO-IL(im)2 for simultaneous and effective extraction of toxins with varied structures and provides a promising sample preparation for the analysis of AFB1 and its precursors in grain samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaxing Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China.
| | - Yaming Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cereal and Oil Food Safety Inspection and Control, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China.
| | - Jingna Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China.
| | - Hailiang Zhao
- School of Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China.
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cereal and Oil Food Safety Inspection and Control, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China.
| | - Guoqiang Xiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cereal and Oil Food Safety Inspection and Control, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China.
| | - Lijun He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cereal and Oil Food Safety Inspection and Control, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China.
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10
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Su LH, Qian HL, Yang C, Wang C, Wang Z, Yan XP. Integrating molecular imprinting into flexible covalent organic frameworks for selective recognition and efficient extraction of aflatoxins. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 467:133755. [PMID: 38359765 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are promising adsorbents for extraction, but their selectivity for molecular recognition remains a challenging issue due to the very limited structural design with rigid structure. Herein, we report an elegant strategy for the design and synthesis of molecularly imprinted flexible COFs (MI-FCOFs) via one-pot reaction between the flexible building block of 2,4,6-tris(4-formylphenoxy)- 1,3,5-triazine and linear 4-phenylenediamine for selective extraction of aflatoxins. The flexible chain structure enabled the developed MI-FCOF to adjust the shape and conformation of frameworks to suit the template molecule, giving high selectivity for aflatoxins recognition. Moreover, MI-FCOF with abundant imprinted sites and function groups exhibited an exceptional adsorption capacity of 258.4 mg g-1 for dummy template which is 3 times that of no-imprinted FCOF (NI-FCOF). Coupling MI-FCOF based solid-phase extraction with high-performance liquid chromatography gave low detection limits of 0.003-0.09 ng mL-1 and good precision with relative standard deviations ≤ 6.7% for the determination of aflatoxins. Recoveries for the spiked rice, corn, wheat and peanut samples were in the range of 85.4%- 105.4%. The high selectivity of the developed MI-FCOF allows matrix-free determination of AFTs in food samples. This work offers a new way to the design of MI-FCOF for selective molecular recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hong Su
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Institute of Analytical Food Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hai-Long Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Institute of Analytical Food Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Institute of Analytical Food Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Chuanxi Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution control, and School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution control, and School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiu-Ping Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Institute of Analytical Food Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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11
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Wu W, Li Y, Song P, Xu Q, Lei D, Wang J, Fu B, Kong W. UiOL@AIEgens-assisted lateral flow immunosensor for the ultrasensitive dual-modal point-of-care detection of aflatoxin B 1. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133103. [PMID: 38043421 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contamination in food has attracted worldwide attention. The sensitive detection of AFB1 is vital for ensuring food quality and safety. This study developed an ultrasensitive signal-enhanced lateral flow immunosensor (LFIS) based on the functionalized zirconium metal-organic framework (MOF) of a UiO linker enriched with abundant aggregation-induced emission luminogen (UiOL@AIEgens) probes for the rapid dual-modal point-of-care (POC) determination of AFB1. Using UiO MOFs with numerous active sites as the carrier facilitated abundant AIEgens enrichment on the surface. After coupling with enough anti-AFB1 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), the green-emissive UiOL@AIEgens-mAbs probes with high specificity and remarkably-enhanced fluorescence responses were obtained to competitively capture target AFB1 in the standard or sample solution and AFB1 antigen immobilized on the test (T) line of the POC LFIS. Under optimum conditions, the LFIS was capable of visual qualitative and smartphone-assisted dual-modal determination of target AFB1 within 7 min. Detection occurred in a range of 0.01-5 ng/mL at an ultra-low detection limit of 0.003 ng/mL, which was 300- and 600-fold lower than traditional immunoassays and the maximum limit set by the European Union, respectively. Moreover, the feasibility and robustness of the LFIS platform were assessed by detecting AFB1 in maize and lotus seed samples with average recoveries of 94.3-109.0%. The developed UiOL@AIEgens-based POC LFIS can be used for ultrasensitive, reliable, on-site detection in food. This study provides a new method for the real-time monitoring of AFB1 and other harmful contaminants in food and more complex matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ying Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Pengyue Song
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qingbin Xu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Doudou Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jiabo Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Bin Fu
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Weijun Kong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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12
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Deng K, Zhang Y, Xiao H, Hou Y, Xu Q, Li Y, Kong W, Ma L. Nafion-Immobilized Functionalized MWCNT-based Electrochemical Immunosensor for Aflatoxin B 1 Detection. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:8754-8762. [PMID: 38434854 PMCID: PMC10905739 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The ubiquitous aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contamination in foods and other complex matrices has brought great challenges for onsite monitoring. In this study, an ultrasensitive Nafion-immobilized functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-based electrochemical (EC) immunosensor was developed for trace AFB1 detection. The introduced Nafion film could steadily stabilize functionalized MWCNTs with uniform distribution and tiling on the surface of a Au electrode. Functionalized MWCNTs with a large specific surface area, numerous active sites to couple with abundant anti-AFB1 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), and high conductivity served as the signal amplifier for remarkably enhancing the sensing performance of the immunosensor. In the presence of AFB1, it was specifically captured by mAbs to reduce the amplified current signals, which were recorded by differential pulse voltammetry for the accurate quantitation of AFB1. Because of the synergistic effects of Nafion on the stabilization of functionalized MWCNTs as signal enhancers, the developed EC immunosensor exhibited an extremely high selectivity, excellent sensitivity with a limit of detection as low as 0.021 ng/mL, and a wide dynamic range of 0.05-100 ng/mL, besides fascinating merits of easy construction, low cost, good stability in 7 days, and good reusability. The anti-interference ability of the immunosensor was verified against three other mycotoxins, and the practicability and accuracy were confirmed by measuring AFB1 in fortified malt, lotus seed, and hirudo samples with a satisfactory recovery of 92.08-104.62%. This novel immunosensing platform could be extended to detect more mycotoxins in complex matrices to ensure food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Deng
- School
of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital
Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Laboratory
for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yining Zhang
- School
of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital
Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Laboratory
for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hang Xiao
- School
of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital
Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yujiao Hou
- Institute
of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese
Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qingbin Xu
- Institute
of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese
Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ying Li
- Institute
of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese
Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Weijun Kong
- School
of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital
Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Laboratory
for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Li Ma
- School
of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital
Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
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13
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Li J, Sun Y, Man Y, Zhang T, Feng X, Yang Z, Zhao H, Zhao R, He L. A Novel and Highly Efficient Microextraction Method for the Determination of Aflatoxin Precursor Averantin in Fatty Grain Samples. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:1330-1338. [PMID: 38173280 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Averantin (AVN) is an important aflatoxin biosynthetic precursor and has been listed in the screening range of mycotoxins. Herein, a novel ionic liquid-based one-, two-, and three-phase transition microextraction (IL-OTTPTME) method was combined with high-performance liquid chromatography for the extraction and determination of AVN in fatty grain samples. The formation of a homogeneous solution and three-phase system during the IL-OTTPTME process allowed both efficient extraction and coextracted lipid cleanup. Density functional theory calculations and distribution coefficient determination results demonstrated that AVN extraction by IL mainly occurred through hydrogen-bond and π-π interactions. Under optimized conditions, the LOD and LOQ of the proposed method were 0.5 and 1.5 ng/g, respectively. Finally, the method was used to determine AVN in several grains with different fat contents, achieving satisfactory relative recoveries (86.0-107.8%) and RSDs (1.2-6.2%, n = 3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingna Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yaming Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yong Man
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiaxing Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hailiang Zhao
- School of Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Renyong Zhao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lijun He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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14
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Gao S, Zhou R, Zhang D, Zheng X, El-Seedi HR, Chen S, Niu L, Li X, Guo Z, Zou X. Magnetic nanoparticle-based immunosensors and aptasensors for mycotoxin detection in foodstuffs: An update. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13266. [PMID: 38284585 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Mycotoxin contamination of food crops is a global challenge due to their unpredictable occurrence and severe adverse health effects on humans. Therefore, it is of great importance to develop effective tools to prevent the accumulation of mycotoxins through the food chain. The use of magnetic nanoparticle (MNP)-assisted biosensors for detecting mycotoxin in complex foodstuffs has garnered great interest due to the significantly enhanced sensitivity and accuracy. Within such a context, this review includes the fundamentals and recent advances (2020-2023) in the area of mycotoxin monitoring in food matrices using MNP-based aptasensors and immunosensors. In this review, we start by providing a comprehensive introduction to the design of immunosensors (natural antibody or nanobody, random or site-oriented immobilization) and aptasensors (techniques for aptamer selection, characterization, and truncation). Meanwhile, special attention is paid to the multifunctionalities of MNPs (recoverable adsorbent, versatile carrier, and signal indicator) in preparing mycotoxin-specific biosensors. Further, the contribution of MNPs to the multiplexing determination of various mycotoxins is summarized. Finally, challenges and future perspectives for the practical applications of MNP-assisted biosensors are also discussed. The progress and updates of MNP-based biosensors shown in this review are expected to offer readers valuable insights about the design of MNP-based tools for the effective detection of mycotoxins in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipeng Gao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ruiyun Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Focusight Technology (Jiangsu) Co., LTD, Changzhou, China
| | - Di Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xueyun Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Biological Engineering and Food, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-Products Processing (Jiangsu Education Department), Zhenjiang, China
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Shiqi Chen
- Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing, China
| | - Lidan Niu
- Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Li
- Jiangsu Hengshun vinegar Industry Co., Ltd., Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhiming Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-Products Processing (Jiangsu Education Department), Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiaobo Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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15
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Li Z, Jallow A, Nidiaye S, Huang Y, Zhang Q, Li P, Tang X. Improvement of the sensitivity of lateral flow systems for detecting mycotoxins: Up-to-date strategies and future perspectives. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13255. [PMID: 38284606 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Mycotoxins are dangerous human and animal health-threatening secondary fungal metabolites that can be found in various food and agricultural products. Several countries have established regulations to restrict their presence in food and agricultural products destined for human and animal consumption. Consequently, the need to develop highly sensitive and smart detection systems was recognized worldwide. Lateral flow assay possesses the advantages of easy operation, rapidity, stability, accuracy, and specificity, and it plays an important role in the detection of mycotoxins. Nevertheless, strategies to comprehensively improve the sensitivity of lateral flow assay to mycotoxins in food have rarely been highlighted and discussed. In this article, a comprehensive overview was presented on the application of lateral flow assay in mycotoxin detection in food samples by highlighting the principle of lateral flow assay, presenting a detailed discussion on various analytical performance-improvement strategies, such as the development of high-affinity recognition reagents, immunogen immobilization methods, and signal amplification. Additionally, a detailed discussion on the various signal analyzers and interpretation approaches was provided. Finally, current hurdles and future perspectives on the application of lateral flow assay in the detection of mycotoxins were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oil seed Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Abdoulie Jallow
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oil seed Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Seyni Nidiaye
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oil seed Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oil seed Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oil seed Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Food Safety Research Institute, HuBei University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Peiwu Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oil seed Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Food Safety Research Institute, HuBei University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqian Tang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oil seed Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Food Safety Research Institute, HuBei University, Wuhan, China
- Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou, China
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16
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Chen J, Ren B, Wang Z, Wang Q, Bi J, Sun X. Multiple Isothermal Amplification Coupled with CRISPR-Cas14a for the Naked-eye and Colorimetric Detection of Aflatoxin B1. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:55423-55432. [PMID: 38014527 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c13331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is highly toxic and challenging to remove, posing significant risks to both human health and economic development. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop rapid, simple, and sensitive detection technologies. In this study, we introduce a naked-eye and colorimetric method based on multiple isothermal amplifications coupled with CRISPR-Cas14a and investigate its biosensing properties. This technique utilizes composite nanoprobes (MAPs) comprising magnetic nanoparticles and gold nanoparticles. AFB1 is efficiently identified through an aptamer competition process facilitated by magnetic nanoparticles , which triggers multiple isothermal amplification. This converts trace amounts of the toxin into a large quantity of DNA signal. Upon specific activation of the CRISPR-Cas14a complex, the MAPs are cleaved, resulting in significant changes in both color and colorimetric signal. The method demonstrates acceptable sensitivity, with a detection limit of 31.90 pg mL-1 and a wide detection range from 0.05 to 10 ng mL-1. Furthermore, the assay exhibits satisfactory specificity and high accuracy when it is applied to practical samples. Our approach offers a universal sensing platform with potential applications in food safety, environmental monitoring, and clinical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Chen
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Beizhuo Ren
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Jing Bi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Xuan Sun
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan 430061, China
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17
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Li Z, Zhang W, Zhang Q, Li P, Tang X. Self-Assembly Multivalent Fluorescence-Nanobody Coupled Multifunctional Nanomaterial with Colorimetric Fluorescence and Photothermal to Enhance Immunochromatographic Assay. ACS NANO 2023; 17:19359-19371. [PMID: 37782130 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
The multimodal lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) has provided accurate and reliable results for fast and immediate detection. Nonetheless, multimodal LFIA remains challenging to develop biosensors with high sensitivity and tolerance to matrix interference in agro-food. In this study, we developed a self-assembled multivalent fluorescence-nanobody (Nb26-EGFP-H6) with 16.5-fold and 30-fold higher affinity and sensitivity than a monovalent nanobody (Nb26). Based on the Nb26-EGFP-H6, we synthesized enhanced immune-probes Zn-CN@Nb26-EGFP-H6 by pyrolyzing and oxidizing an imidazolating zeolite framework-8 (ZIF-8) to obtain photothermal metal-carbon nanomaterials (Zn-CN) for immobilizing Nb26-EGFP-H6. The rough and porous structure of Zn-CN with a large surface area facilitates the enrichment and immobilization of antibodies. A trimodal lateral flow immunoassay (tLFIA) with colorimetric, fluorescent, and photothermal triple signal outputs was constructed for the detection of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in maize. Attractively, the Zn-CN-based tLFIA's multiplex guarantees accurate and sensitive detection of AFB1, with triple signal detection limits of 0.0012 ng/mL (colorimetric signals), 0.0094 ng/mL (fluorescent signals), and 0.252 ng/mL (photothermal signals). The sensitivity of the trimode immunosensor was 628-fold and 42-fold higher than that of the original Nb26-based ELISA (IC50) and the unimodal LFIA (LOD). This work provides an idea for constructing a sensitive, tolerant matrix and efficient and accurate analytical platform for rapidly detecting AFB1 in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oilseed Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oilseed Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oilseed Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
- Food Safety Research Institute, HuBei University, Wuhan 430062, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Peiwu Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oilseed Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
- Food Safety Research Institute, HuBei University, Wuhan 430062, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou, 311231, China
| | - Xiaoqian Tang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oilseed Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
- Food Safety Research Institute, HuBei University, Wuhan 430062, China
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18
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Liao X, Wu B, Li H, Zhang M, Cai M, Lang B, Wu Z, Wang F, Sun J, Zhou P, Chen H, Di D, Ren C, Zhang H. Fluorescent/Colorimetric Dual-Mode Discriminating Gln and Val Enantiomers Based on Carbon Dots. Anal Chem 2023; 95:14573-14581. [PMID: 37729469 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Discrimination and quantification of amino acid (AA) enantiomers are particularly important for diagnosing and treating diseases. Recently, dual-mode probes have gained a lot of research interest because they can catch more detecting information compared with the single-mode probes. Thus, it is of great significance to develop a dual-mode sensor realizing AA enantiomer discrimination conveniently and efficiently. In this work, carbon dot L-TCDs were prepared by N-methyl-1,2-benzenediamine dihydrochloride (OTD) and l-tryptophan. With the assistance of H2O2, L-TCDs show an excellent discrimination performance for enantiomers of glutamine (Gln) and valine (Val) in both fluorescent and colorimetric modes. The fluorescence enantioselectivity of Gln (FD/FL) and Val (FL/FD) is 5.29 and 4.13, respectively, and the colorimetric enantioselectivity of Gln (ID/IL) and Val (IL/ID) is 13.26 and 3.42, individually. The chiral recognition mechanism of L-TCDs was systematically studied. L-TCDs can be etched by H2O2, and the participation of AA enantiomers results in different amounts of the released OTD, which provides fluorescent and colorimetric signals for identifying and quantifying the enantiomers of Gln and Val. This work provides a more convenient and flexible dual-mode sensing strategy for discriminating AA enantiomers, which is expected to be of great value in facile and high-throughput chiral recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Bingyan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Haixia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Mengtao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Muzi Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Bozhi Lang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Zhizhen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Fangling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Jianong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Panpan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Hongli Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Duolong Di
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Cuiling Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Haixia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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Hu X, Li H, Yang J, Wen X, Wang S, Pan M. Nanoscale Materials Applying for the Detection of Mycotoxins in Foods. Foods 2023; 12:3448. [PMID: 37761156 PMCID: PMC10528894 DOI: 10.3390/foods12183448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Trace amounts of mycotoxins in food matrices have caused a very serious problem of food safety and have attracted widespread attention. Developing accurate, sensitive, rapid mycotoxin detection and control strategies adapted to the complex matrices of food is crucial for in safeguarding public health. With the continuous development of nanotechnology and materials science, various nanoscale materials have been developed for the purification of complex food matrices or for providing response signals to achieve the accurate and rapid detection of various mycotoxins in food products. This article reviews and summarizes recent research (from 2018 to 2023) on new strategies and methods for the accurate or rapid detection of mold toxins in food samples using nanoscale materials. It places particular emphasis on outlining the characteristics of various nanoscale or nanostructural materials and their roles in the process of detecting mycotoxins. The aim of this paper is to promote the in-depth research and application of various nanoscale or structured materials and to provide guidance and reference for the development of strategies for the detection and control of mycotoxin contamination in complex matrices of food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Health of Tianjin, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (X.H.); (H.L.); (J.Y.); (X.W.); (S.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Huilin Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Health of Tianjin, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (X.H.); (H.L.); (J.Y.); (X.W.); (S.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jingying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Health of Tianjin, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (X.H.); (H.L.); (J.Y.); (X.W.); (S.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xintao Wen
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Health of Tianjin, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (X.H.); (H.L.); (J.Y.); (X.W.); (S.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Health of Tianjin, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (X.H.); (H.L.); (J.Y.); (X.W.); (S.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Mingfei Pan
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Health of Tianjin, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (X.H.); (H.L.); (J.Y.); (X.W.); (S.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
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20
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Lu Y, Chen R, Dong Y, Zhao W, Ruan S, Yang W, Chen Y, Wang C. Magnetic relaxation switching immunoassay based on "limited-magnitude" particles for sensitive quantification of aflatoxin B 1. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1266:341329. [PMID: 37244666 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a highly toxic and carcinogenic chemical substance that endangers food safety and human health. Magnetic relaxation switching (MRS) immunosensors are utilized in a variety of applications in food analysis due to its resistance to matrix interferences, but they often suffer from magnetic separation-based multi-washing steps and low sensitivity. Herein, we propose novel MRS strategy for the sensitive detection of AFB1 using "Limited-Magnitude" size particles: a single millimeter sized polystyrene spheres (PSmm) and 150 nm superparamagnetic nanoparticles (MNP150). Only a single PSmm is used as the microreactor to enhance all of the magnetic signal on its surface in high concentration by an immune competitive response, successfully preventing signal dilution, which can be transferred by pipette, simplifying the process of separation and washing. The established single polystyrene sphere magnetic relaxation switch biosensor (SMRS) was able to quantify AFB1 from 0.02 to 200 ng/mL with a detection limit of 14.3 pg/mL. SMRS biosensor has been successfully used for the detection of AFB1 in wheat and maize samples, and the results in agreement with high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). Benefiting from high sensitivity and convenient operation, the simple and enzyme-free method is promising in trace small molecules applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Rui Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Yongzhen Dong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Weiqi Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Shilong Ruan
- Daye Public Inspection and Test Center, Daye, 435100, Hubei, China
| | - Weihai Yang
- Qingdao Customs District PR China, Qingdao, 266005, Shandong, China
| | - Yiping Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China; Shenzhen Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Chengming Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
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21
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Ge G, Wang T, Liu Z, Liu X, Li T, Chen Y, Fan J, Bukye E, Huang X, Song L. A self-assembled DNA double-crossover-based fluorescent aptasensor for highly sensitivity and selectivity in the simultaneous detection of aflatoxin M 1 and aflatoxin B 1. Talanta 2023; 265:124908. [PMID: 37442003 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Realizing the simultaneous speedy detection of multiple mycotoxins in contaminated food and feed is of great practical importance in the domain of food manufacturing and security. Herein, a fluorescent aptamer sensor based on self-assembled DNA double-crossover was developed and used for effective simultaneous quantitative detection of aflatoxins M1 and B1 by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). Fluorescent dye-modified aflatoxin M1 and B1 aptamers are selected as recognition elements and signal probes, and DNA double crosses are consistently locked by the aflatoxin aptamers, which results in a "turn-off" of the fluorescent signal. In the presence of AFM1 and AFB1, the aptamer sequences are more inclined to form Apt-AFM1 and Apt-AFB1 complexes, and the fluorescent probes are released from the DNA double-crossing platform, leading to an enhanced fluorescent signal (Cy3: 568 nm; Cy5: 660 nm). Under the optimal conditions, the signal response of the constructed fluorescent aptamer sensor showed good linearity with the logarithm of AFM1 and AFB1 concentrations, with detection limits of 6.24 pg/mL and 9.0 pg/mL, and a wide linear range of 0.01-200 ng/mL and 0.01-150 ng/mL, respectively. In addition, the effect of potential interfering substances in real samples was analyzed, and the aptasensor presented a good interference immunity. Moreover, by modifying and designing aptamer probes, the sensor can be applied to high-throughput simultaneous screening of other analytes, providing a new approach for the development of fluorescent aptamer sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Ge
- Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Food Processing and Circulation Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China; Henan Technology Innovation Center of Meat Processing and Research, College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Tianlin Wang
- Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Food Processing and Circulation Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China; Henan Technology Innovation Center of Meat Processing and Research, College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Zihou Liu
- Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Food Processing and Circulation Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China; Henan Technology Innovation Center of Meat Processing and Research, College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China; International Education College, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Xiaomeng Liu
- Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Food Processing and Circulation Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China; Henan Technology Innovation Center of Meat Processing and Research, College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Tiange Li
- Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Food Processing and Circulation Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China; Henan Technology Innovation Center of Meat Processing and Research, College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Yuntang Chen
- Institute of Isotope Research, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Jialin Fan
- Institute of Isotope Research, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Erkigul Bukye
- Department for Food Engineering and Hydromechanics, School of Engineering and Technology, Mongolian State University of Life Sciences, Zaisan-53, Ulaanbaatar, 17024, Mongolia
| | - Xianqing Huang
- Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Food Processing and Circulation Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China; Henan Technology Innovation Center of Meat Processing and Research, College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Lianjun Song
- Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Food Processing and Circulation Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China; Henan Technology Innovation Center of Meat Processing and Research, College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China.
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