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Song D, Zhang S, Zhou M, Wang M, Zhu R, Ning H, Wu M. Advances in the Stability of Catalysts for Electroreduction of CO 2 to Formic Acid. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301719. [PMID: 38411399 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The electroreduction of CO2 to high-value products is a promising approach for achieving carbon neutrality. Among these products, formic acid stands out as having the most potential for industrialization due to its optimal economic value in terms of consumption and output. In recent years, the Faraday efficiency of formic acid from CO2 electroreduction has reached 90~100 %. However, this high selectivity cannot be maintained for extended periods under high currents to meet industrial requirements. This paper reviews excellent work from the perspective of catalyst stability, summarizing and discussing the performance of typical catalysts. Strategies for preparing stable and highly active catalysts are also briefly described. This review may offer a useful data reference and valuable guidance for the future design of long-stability catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, College of New Energy, Institute of New Energy, China University of Petroleum, East China, Qingdao, 266580
| | - Shipeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, College of New Energy, Institute of New Energy, China University of Petroleum, East China, Qingdao, 266580
| | - Minjun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, College of New Energy, Institute of New Energy, China University of Petroleum, East China, Qingdao, 266580
| | - Mingwang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, College of New Energy, Institute of New Energy, China University of Petroleum, East China, Qingdao, 266580
| | - Ruirui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, College of New Energy, Institute of New Energy, China University of Petroleum, East China, Qingdao, 266580
| | - Hui Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, College of New Energy, Institute of New Energy, China University of Petroleum, East China, Qingdao, 266580
| | - Mingbo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, College of New Energy, Institute of New Energy, China University of Petroleum, East China, Qingdao, 266580
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2
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Wang P, Wang X, Zhang J, Wu C, Zhang A, Chen N, Sheng T, Wu Z. Modulating the Active Sites of VS 2 by Mn Doping for Highly Selective CO 2 Electroreduction to Methanol in a Flow Cell. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:36453-36461. [PMID: 38950003 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c06789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Methanol is a valuable liquid C1 product in CO2 electroreduction (CO2ER); however, it is hard to achieve high selectivity and a large current density simultaneously. In this work, we construct Mn2+-doped VS2 multilayer nanowafers applied in a flow cell to yield methanol as a single liquid product to tackle this challenge. Mn doping adjusts the electronic structure of VS2 and concurrently introduces sulfur vacancies, forming a critical *COB intermediate and facilitating its sequential hydrogenation to methanol. The optimal Mn4.8%-VS2 exhibits methanol Faradic efficiencies of more than 60% over a wide potential range of -0.4 to -0.8 V in a flow cell, of which the maximal value is 72.5 ± 1.1% at -0.6 V along with a partial current density of 74.3 ± 1.1 mA cm-2. This work opens an avenue to rationally design catalysts for engineering C1 intermediates toward CO2ER to a single liquid methanol in a flow cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Engineering Research Center of Carbon Neutrality, Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Engineering Research Center of Carbon Neutrality, Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Jingqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Engineering Research Center of Carbon Neutrality, Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Chunhua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Engineering Research Center of Carbon Neutrality, Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Aiya Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Engineering Research Center of Carbon Neutrality, Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Nannan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Engineering Research Center of Carbon Neutrality, Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Tian Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Engineering Research Center of Carbon Neutrality, Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Zhengcui Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Engineering Research Center of Carbon Neutrality, Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
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Amer MS, AlOraij HA, Huang KW, Al-Mayouf AM. Gray mesoporous SnO 2 catalyst for CO 2 electroreduction with high partial current density and formate selectivity. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118897. [PMID: 38621631 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The mesoporous metal oxide semiconductors exhibit unique chemical and physical characteristics, making them highly desirable for catalysis, electrochemistry, energy conversion, and energy storage applications. Here, we report the facial fabrication of mesoporous gray SnO2 (MGS) electrocatalysts employing an evaporation-induced co-assembly (EICA) approach, utilizing poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) triblock copolymers Pluronic P123 (PEO-PPO-PEO) triblock copolymer as a template for electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (eCO2RR). By sustaining the co-assembly conditions and utilizing a thermal treatment technique based on carbon, gray mesoporous SnO2 materials with a high density of active sites and oxygen vacancies can be constructed. The MGS materials were employed in eCO2RR in a flow cell type, which exhibits excellent catalytic activity and selectivity toward formate with a high partial current density of -234 mA cm-2 and Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 93.60 % at -1.3 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). Interestingly, the mesoporous SnO2 with a 1.5 wt% ratio of Sn precursor to P123 surfactant (MS-1.5@350N-400A) electrode exhibits a high level of Faradaic efficiency (FE) of (98%) at a low overpotential of -0.6 VRHE, which is a seldom recorded performance for similar systems. A stable FE of 96 ± 1% was observed in the range of -0.6 to -1.2 VRHE, which is the result of a large surface area (184 m2/g) and a high number of active sites and oxygen vacancies within the mesostructured framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabrook S Amer
- Electrochemical Sciences Research Chair (ESRC), Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Haneen A AlOraij
- Electrochemical Sciences Research Chair (ESRC), Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Kuo-Wei Huang
- Chemistry Program, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdullah M Al-Mayouf
- Electrochemical Sciences Research Chair (ESRC), Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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Liu L, He Y, Li Q, Cao C, Huang M, Ma D, Wu X, Zhu Q. Self-supported bimetallic array superstructures for high-performance coupling electrosynthesis of formate and adipate. EXPLORATION (BEIJING, CHINA) 2024; 4:20230043. [PMID: 38939862 PMCID: PMC11189569 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20230043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
The coupling electrosynthesis involving CO2 upgrade conversion is of great significance for the sustainable development of the environment and energy but is challenging. Herein, we exquisitely constructed the self-supported bimetallic array superstructures from the Cu(OH)2 array architecture precursor, which can enable high-performance coupling electrosynthesis of formate and adipate at the anode and the cathode, respectively. Concretely, the faradaic efficiencies (FEs) of CO2-to-formate and cyclohexanone-to-adipate conversion simultaneously exceed 90% at both electrodes with excellent stabilities. Such high-performance coupling electrosynthesis is highly correlated with the porous nanosheet array superstructure of CuBi alloy as the cathode and the nanosheet-on-nanowire array superstructure of CuNi hydroxide as the anode. Moreover, compared to the conventional electrolysis process, the cell voltage is substantially reduced while maintaining the electrocatalytic performance for coupling electrosynthesis in the two-electrode electrolyzer with the maximal FEformate and FEadipate up to 94.2% and 93.1%, respectively. The experimental results further demonstrate that the bimetal composition modulates the local electronic structures, promoting the reactions toward the target products. Prospectively, our work proposes an instructive strategy for constructing adaptive self-supported superstructures to achieve efficient coupling electrosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yingchun He
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Changsheng Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouChina
| | - Minghong Huang
- School of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Technology SydneyUltimoNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Dong‐Dong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xin‐Tao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouChina
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of ChinaFuzhouChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Qi‐Long Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouChina
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of ChinaFuzhouChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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Jing H, Zhao P, Liu C, Wu Z, Yu J, Liu B, Su C, Lei W, Hao Q. Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for Boosting Electrochemical CO 2 Reduction on Amorphous-Surfaced Tin Oxide Supported by MXene. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:59524-59533. [PMID: 38108147 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Amorphous materials disrupt the intrinsic linear scalar dependence seen in their crystalline counterparts, typically exhibiting enhanced catalytic characteristics. Nevertheless, substantial obstacles remain in terms of boosting their stability, enhancing their conductivity, and elucidating distinct catalytic mechanisms. Herein, a core-shell catalyst, comprising a crystalline SnO2 core and an amorphous SnOx shell supported on MXene (denoted as SnO2@SnOx/MXene), was prepared utilizing hydrothermal and solution reduction methods. The SnO2@SnOx/MXene catalyst excels in the electrocatalytic conversion of CO2 to formate, yielding a Faradaic efficiency (FE) as high as 93% for formate production at -1.17 V vs RHE and demonstrating exceptional durability. Both density functional theory (DFT) calculations and experimental results indicate that the SnOx shell bolsters formate formation by fine-tuning the adsorption energy of the *OCHO intermediate. In SnO2@SnOx/MXene, MXene plays a vital role in enhancing the conductivity and stability of the amorphous shell and especially amplifying Raman signals of catalyst components. The ex/in situ surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) application further confirms the formation of amorphous SnOx and further enables the direct detection of the formation of the intermediate species. This work provides the basis for the application of amorphous materials in practical electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Jing
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
| | - Cai Liu
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
| | - Zongdeng Wu
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jia Yu
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
| | - Boyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
| | - Can Su
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
| | - Wu Lei
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
| | - Qingli Hao
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
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Wang Q, Yang X, Zang H, Liu C, Wang J, Yu N, Kuai L, Qin Q, Geng B. InBi Bimetallic Sites for Efficient Electrochemical Reduction of CO 2 to HCOOH. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2303172. [PMID: 37312395 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Formic acid is receiving intensive attention as being one of the most progressive chemical fuels for the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide. However, the majority of catalysts suffer from low current density and Faraday efficiency. To this end, an efficient catalyst of In/Bi-750 with InOx nanodots load is prepared on a two-dimensional nanoflake Bi2 O2 CO3 substrate, which increases the adsorption of * CO2 due to the synergistic interaction between the bimetals and the exposure of sufficient active sites. In the H-type electrolytic cell, the formate Faraday efficiency (FE) reaches 97.17% at -1.0 V (vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE)) with no significant decay over 48 h. A formate Faraday efficiency of 90.83% is also obtained in the flow cell at a higher current density of 200 mA cm-2 . Both in-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and theoretical calculations show that the BiIn bimetallic site can deliver superior binding energy to the * OCHO intermediate, thereby fundamentally accelerating the conversion of CO2 to HCOOH. Furthermore, assembled Zn-CO2 cell exhibits a maximum power of 6.97 mW cm-1 and a stability of 60 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinru Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, The key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Clean Energy of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New-Energy Vehicle Battery Energy-Storage Materials, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, The key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Clean Energy of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New-Energy Vehicle Battery Energy-Storage Materials, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Hu Zang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, The key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Clean Energy of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New-Energy Vehicle Battery Energy-Storage Materials, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Changjiang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, The key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Clean Energy of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New-Energy Vehicle Battery Energy-Storage Materials, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Jiahao Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, The key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Clean Energy of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New-Energy Vehicle Battery Energy-Storage Materials, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Nan Yu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, The key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Clean Energy of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New-Energy Vehicle Battery Energy-Storage Materials, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Long Kuai
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Laboratory of Clean Catalytic Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Beijing Middle Road, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Qing Qin
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, The key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Clean Energy of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New-Energy Vehicle Battery Energy-Storage Materials, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Baoyou Geng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, The key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Clean Energy of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New-Energy Vehicle Battery Energy-Storage Materials, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China
- Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, 230031, China
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Tang T, Wang Z, Guan J. Achievements and challenges of copper-based single-atom catalysts for the reduction of carbon dioxide to C2+ products. EXPLORATION (BEIJING, CHINA) 2023; 3:20230011. [PMID: 37933285 PMCID: PMC10582606 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20230011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Copper is the only metal that can convert CO2 into C2 and C2+ in electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction (CO2RR). However, the Faraday efficiency of CO2 conversion to C2 and C2+ products at high current densities is still low, which cannot meet the actual industrial demand. Here, the design methods of single-atom copper catalysts (including regulating the coordination environment of single-atom copper, modifying the carbon base surface and constructing diatomic Cu catalysts) are reviewed, and the current limitations and future research directions of copper-based single-atom catalysts are proposed, providing directions for the industrial conversion of CO2 into C2 and C2+ products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianmi Tang
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, College of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchunP. R. China
| | - Zhenlu Wang
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, College of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchunP. R. China
| | - Jingqi Guan
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, College of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchunP. R. China
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Yang R, Huang Q, Sha X, Gao B, Peng J. Regulation of Bimetallic Coordination Centers in MOF Catalyst for Electrochemical CO 2 Reduction to Formate. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13838. [PMID: 37762141 PMCID: PMC10530794 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to valuable chemicals can alleviate the energy crisis, and solve the greenhouse effect. The key is to develop non-noble metal electrocatalysts with high activity, selectivity, and stability. Herein, bimetallic metal organic frameworks (MOFs) materials (BiZn-MOF, BiSn-MOF, and BiIn-MOF) were constructed by coordinating the metals Zn, In, Sn, and Bi with the organic ligand 3-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5-carboxylic acid (H2atzc) through a rapid microwave synthesis approach. The coordination centers in bimetallic MOF catalyst were regulated to optimize the catalytic performance for electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). The optimized catalyst BiZn-MOF exhibited higher catalytic activity than those of Bi-MOF, BiSn-MOF, and BiIn-MOF. BiZn-MOF exhibited a higher selectivity for formate production with a Faradic efficiency (FE = 92%) at a potential of -0.9 V (vs. RHE, reversible hydrogen electrode) with a current density of 13 mA cm-2. The current density maintained continuous electrolysis for 13 h. The electrochemical conversion of CO2 to formate mainly follows the *OCHO pathway. The good catalytic performance of BiZn-MOF may be attributed to the Bi-Zn bimetallic coordination centers in the MOF, which can reduce the binding energies of the reaction intermediates by tuning the electronic structure and atomic arrangement. This study provides a feasible strategy for performance optimization of bismuth-based catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Juan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
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