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Liu Z, Chen Z, Yang S, Jia H, Wei J. Dual-Mode Multicolor Display Based on Structural and Fluorescent Color CdS Photonic Crystal Hydrogel. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:12767-12777. [PMID: 38845086 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we prepared a multicolor structural-fluorescent CdS-PEGDA photonic crystal hydrogel (SFC-CPH) with a dual display mode, which has two different optical states: structural color mode and fluorescent color mode. SFC-CPH displays structural color mode under visible light and fluorescent color mode under ultraviolet light. Initially, monodisperse CdS colloidal particles were synthesized via a hydrothermal method, leading to the self-assembly of a photonic crystal template. The high refractive index of CdS contributes to the photonic crystals' low-angle dependence and vivid structural colors. Then, a variety of fluorescent molecules were doped into poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogel and combined with photonic crystals with distinct structural colors to prepare three distinct colors of SFC-CPH. We also investigated the optical characteristics and surface properties of these photonic crystal hydrogels. Based on these dual-mode display characteristics, we designed several dual-mode display patterns and a method for information encoding. The unique property of this photonic crystal hydrogel material suggests its substantial potential for applications in information storage, security, and encoding, offering innovative avenues in the realm of information display.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zihao Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Shuangye Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Hong Jia
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jie Wei
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for the Synthesis and Applications of Waterborne Polymers, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
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2
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An T, Jiang X, Gao F, Schäfer C, Qiu J, Shi N, Song X, Zhang M, Finlayson CE, Zheng X, Li X, Tian F, Zhu B, Sui T, Han X, Baumberg JJ, Fan T, Zhao Q. Strain to shine: stretching-induced three-dimensional symmetries in nanoparticle-assembled photonic crystals. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5215. [PMID: 38890339 PMCID: PMC11189559 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49535-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Stretching elastic materials containing nanoparticle lattices is common in research and industrial settings, yet our knowledge of the deformation process remains limited. Understanding how such lattices reconfigure is critically important, as changes in microstructure lead to significant alterations in their performance. This understanding has been extremely difficult to achieve due to a lack of fundamental rules governing the rearrangements. Our study elucidates the physical processes and underlying mechanisms of three-dimensional lattice transformations in a polymeric photonic crystal from 0% to over 200% strain during uniaxial stretching. Corroborated by comprehensive experimental characterizations, we present analytical models that precisely predict both the three-dimensional lattice structures and the macroscale deformations throughout the stretching process. These models reveal how the nanoparticle lattice and matrix polymer jointly determine the resultant structures, which breaks the original structural symmetry and profoundly changes the dispersion of photonic bandgaps. Stretching induces shifting of the main pseudogap structure out from the 1st Brillouin zone and the merging of different symmetry points. Evolutions of multiple photonic bandgaps reveal potential optical singularities shifting with strain. This work sets a new benchmark for the reconfiguration of soft material structures and may lay the groundwork for the study of stretchable three-dimensional topological photonic crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong An
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xinyu Jiang
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Feng Gao
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Christian Schäfer
- BASF SE, Dispersions & Resins, Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38, Ludwigshafen/Rhein, 67056, Germany
| | - Junjun Qiu
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Nan Shi
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaokun Song
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Manyao Zhang
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Chris E Finlayson
- Department of Physics, Prifysgol Aberystwyth University, Wales, SY23 3BZ, UK
| | - Xuezhi Zheng
- Department of Electrical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, B3001, Belgium
| | - Xiuhong Li
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 201204, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Tian
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 201204, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- School of Mechanical Engineering Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Tan Sui
- School of Mechanical Engineering Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Xianhong Han
- Institute of Forming Technology and Equipment, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Jeremy J Baumberg
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK.
| | - Tongxiang Fan
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Qibin Zhao
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Zhou M, Hu Y, Qi C, Yang D, Huang S. Metal-organic framework photonic crystals with bidisperse particles-based brilliant structural colors and high optical transparency for elaborate anti-counterfeiting. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 662:774-785. [PMID: 38377696 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.02.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Photonic crystals (PCs) have attracted great interest and wide applications in displays, printing, anti-counterfeiting, etc. However, two main challenges significantly hinder their applications: 1) the tradeoff between high optical transparency across the whole visible range and brilliant colors requiring a large refractive index contrast (Δn), and 2) the way of regulating structural colors by altering tens of different sizes. To address these issues, a new type of metal-organic framework (MOF)-based transparent photonic crystal (TPC) has been fabricated through self-assembling MOF particles into three-dimensional ordered structures which were then infiltrated by polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Compared to conventional PCs, these TPCs exhibit 1) both brilliant forward iridescent structural colors and high transmittance (>75 %) across the whole visible spectra range, and 2) conveniently adjustable colors based on bidisperse particles. The unique color-generating mechanism of the light diffraction by each plane lattice and the small Δn between MOF particles and PDMS are the keys to TPCs' characteristics. Moreover, the prepared invisible anti-counterfeit labels can reversibly hide-reveal patterns with elaborate and exchangeable color contrast in a non-destructive way, showing potential applications in anti-counterfeiting, information encryption, and optical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjian Zhou
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Yang Hu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Chenze Qi
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Dongpeng Yang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China.
| | - Shaoming Huang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China.
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Zhang X, Lyu Q, Chen X, Li M, Zhang L, Zhu J. Colloidal Photonic Composites with a Long-Range Order by Hot-Pressing Polymer Brush-Grafted Silica Colloids. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38477047 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Colloidal photonic composites (CPCs) are unique optical materials that combine flexible and responsive polymers with colloidal photonic crystals, and they have promising applications in colorful displays, optical anticounterfeiting, and visual sensors. However, conventional self-assembly strategies for constructing CPCs via solvent evaporation have faced limitations due to the meticulous regulation required during the evaporation process and typically long preparation durations. Here, we present an external force method to achieve a long-range ordered arrangement in CPCs by hot-pressing poly(2-[[(butylamino)carbonyl]oxy]ethyl acrylate (PBCOE)) brush-grafted silica colloidal particles (SiO2-g-PBCOE). We show that the hot-pressing conditions (i.e., temperature and pressure) and the silica volume fraction (φsilica) of the SiO2-g-PBCOE colloidal particles play crucial roles in determining their ordering and optical properties. By optimization of the hot-pressing temperature up to 100 °C and pressure of 5 MPa, a long-range ordered arrangement of SiO2-g-PBCOE colloidal particles with a φsilica of 20.3% can be achieved. For the effect of structural features, our findings reveal that SiO2-g-PBCOE colloidal particles featuring a higher φsilica are more prone to obtain a long-range ordered arrangement compared to a lower φsilica under hot-pressing conditions at relatively low temperature and pressure (50 °C and 5 MPa), which is mainly attributed to the chain entanglement and hydrogen bonding interactions induced by grafted longer polymer brushes, leading to additional energy inputs and weakening the ordering. Significantly, the critical φsilica (φc) of SiO2-g-PBCOE colloidal particles is discerned, strongly influencing the optical properties of the hot-pressed films. Specifically, a hot-pressed SiO2-g-PBCOE film with a critical φsilica of 29.3% displays enhanced optical properties characterized by intensified reflection peaks, narrowed full width at half-maximum (FWHM), and brilliant structural colors. Notably, in this work, we reveal the mechanism of hot-pressing-driven core-shell colloidal particle ordering and the key factors affecting the ordering of colloidal particles, i.e., chain entanglement and hydrogen-bonding interactions, which play a crucial role in obtaining CPCs with controllable structures. Moreover, angle-dependent structural color is observed in the hot-pressed SiO2-g-PBCOE film with a φsilica content of 29.3% due to the unique attributes of the highly ordered arrangement, while the films exhibit mechanochromic properties due to chain entanglement and hydrogen bonding interactions. This work provides valuable insights into the rapid construction of highly ordered CPCs and establishes a solid foundation for external force-assisted ordering of colloidal particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology and Key Lab of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage of Ministry of Education (HUST), School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Quanqian Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology and Key Lab of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage of Ministry of Education (HUST), School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology and Key Lab of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage of Ministry of Education (HUST), School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Miaomiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology and Key Lab of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage of Ministry of Education (HUST), School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lianbin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology and Key Lab of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage of Ministry of Education (HUST), School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jintao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology and Key Lab of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage of Ministry of Education (HUST), School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
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Hu Y, Tian Z, Ma D, Qi C, Yang D, Huang S. Smart colloidal photonic crystal sensors. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 324:103089. [PMID: 38306849 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Smart colloidal photonic crystals (PCs) with stimuli-responsive periodic micro/nano-structures, photonic bandgaps, and structural colors have shown unique advantages (high sensitivity, visual readout, wireless characteristics, etc.) in sensing by outputting diverse structural colors and reflection signals. In this review, smart PC sensors are summarized according to their fabrications, structures, sensing mechanisms, and applications. The fabrications of colloidal PCs are mainly by self-assembling the well-defined nanoparticles into the periodical structure (supersaturation-, polymerization-, evaporation-, shear-, interaction-, and field-induced self-assembly process). Their structures can be divided into two groups: closely packed and non-closely packed nano-structures. The sensing mechanisms can be explained by Bragg's law, including the change in the effective refractive index, lattice constant, and the order degree. The sensing applications are detailly introduced according to the analytes of the target, including solvents, vapors, humidity, mechanical force, temperature, electrical field, magnetic field, pH, ions/molecules, and so on. Finally, the corresponding challenges and the future potential prospects of artificial smart colloidal PCs in the sensing field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Ziqiang Tian
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Dekun Ma
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Chenze Qi
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Dongpeng Yang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China.
| | - Shaoming Huang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China..
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Shen Y, Le X, Wu Y, Chen T. Stimulus-responsive polymer materials toward multi-mode and multi-level information anti-counterfeiting: recent advances and future challenges. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:606-623. [PMID: 38099593 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00753g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Information storage and security is one of the perennial hot issues in society, while the further advancements of related chemical anti-counterfeiting systems remain a formidable challenge. As emerging anti-counterfeiting materials, stimulus-responsive polymers (SRPs) have attracted extensive attention due to their unique stimulus-responsiveness and charming discoloration performance. At the same time, single-channel decryption technology with low-security levels has been unable to effectively prevent information from being stolen or mimicked. As a result, it would be of great significance to develop SRPs with multi-mode and multi-level anti-counterfeiting characteristics. This study summarizes the latest achievements in advance anti-counterfeiting strategies based on SRPs, including multi-mode anti-counterfeiting (static information) and multi-level anti-counterfeiting (dynamic information). In addition, the promising applications of such materials in anti-counterfeiting labels, identification platforms, intelligent displays, and others are briefly reviewed. Finally, the challenges and opportunities in this emerging field are discussed. This review serves as a useful resource for manipulating SRP-based anti-counterfeiting materials and creating cutting-edge information security and encryption systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Shen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China.
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoxia Le
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China.
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China.
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China.
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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Liu J, Ma D, Qi C, Yang D, Huang S. Mechanochromic and Solvomechanochromic Fluorescent Photonic Crystals for Dual-Mode Modulating Fluorescence and Multilevel Anticounterfeiting. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:2740-2750. [PMID: 38183271 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Fluorescent photonic crystals (FPCs) are ideal candidates for regulating dyes' fluorescence through their unique photonic band gaps (PBGs). However, challenges, including the lack of dynamic regulation of fluorescence, dye release in solvents, and instability, dramatically limit their practical applications. Here, we report mechanochromic and solvomechanochromic rhodamine B (RhB)-based FPCs with dynamic regulation of photoluminescence (PL) by stretching and swelling, brilliant fluorescent and structural colors, and no release of the RhB in solvents. The FPCs with force/solvent-responsive nonclose-packing structures were fabricated by (1) preparing RhB-silica particles by combining click chemistry and cohydrolysis processes and (2) self-assembling these particles in poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate followed by a photopolymerization. Maximal PL inhibition (37%, stretching strain of 6.8%) and enhancement (150%, swelling time of 8 min) were gained when PBGs and their blue edges are precisely adjusted to the PL peak position, respectively. Compared with stretching, PL regulation is more efficient by swelling. These characteristics benefit from the rational design and combination of unique compositions, chemical bonds, nonclosely packed micro/nanostructures, and solvents for swelling. Moreover, these FPCs have been used to encrypt photonic patterns, which display background/strain/angle/UV-dependent color contrasts, showing their potential applications in multilevel anticounterfeiting, optical devices, wireless sensors, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfu Liu
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Dekun Ma
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Chenze Qi
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Dongpeng Yang
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Shaoming Huang
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
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