1
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Xu T, Wu Y, Zhao M, Wang Z, Zhao C, Yu Y, Liu H, Gu X, Cao Z, Chen J, Fan X, Bai R, Tang Q, Xu Y, Kang K. Electrical Kinetic Model of a Hydroxylated Graphene FET Gas Sensor. ACS Sens 2024; 9:4851-4859. [PMID: 39283999 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c01322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Graphene transistor sensors, with advantages such as facile surface functionalization and high sensitivity, have gained extensive research interest in gas detection applications. This study fabricated back-gated graphene transistors and employed a hydroxylation scheme for the surface functionalization of graphene. On the basis of the interaction mechanisms between gas molecules and graphene's electrical properties, a compact electrical kinetics model considering the gas-solid surface reaction of graphene transistors is proposed. The model can accurately predict the electrical kinetic performance and can be used to optimize sensor characteristics. The bias condition of a higher response can be rapidly determined. In addition, the density of hydroxyl groups on graphene is revealed to be the direction of improvement and a key factor of response. Hence, the gas detection capacity of sensors with varying densities of hydroxyl groups was assessed concerning ammonia gas, and design technology co-optimization (DTCO) is realized. Measurement results show that the sensor with 70 s of hydroxylation time has a 7.7% response under 22 ppm ammonia gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- The School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Yunqiu Wu
- The School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Minmin Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zegao Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Chenxi Zhao
- The School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Yiming Yu
- The School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Huihua Liu
- The School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Xiaowen Gu
- National Key Laboratory of Solid-State Microwave Devices and Circuits, Nanjing 210093, China
- Nanjing Electronic Devices Institute, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Zhengyi Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Solid-State Microwave Devices and Circuits, Nanjing 210093, China
- Nanjing Electronic Devices Institute, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Hubei Huaqiang High-Tech Co., Ltd., Yichang 443000, China
| | - Xi Fan
- Hubei Huaqiang High-Tech Co., Ltd., Yichang 443000, China
| | - Ru Bai
- Hubei Huaqiang High-Tech Co., Ltd., Yichang 443000, China
| | - Qi Tang
- Hubei Huaqiang High-Tech Co., Ltd., Yichang 443000, China
| | - Yuehang Xu
- The School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Kai Kang
- The School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 611731, China
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2
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Ruan H, Guo J, Zhang S, Gao Y, Shang W, Liu Y, Su M, Liu Y, Wang H, Xie T, Cheng G, Du Z. In Situ Local Band Engineering of Monolayer Graphene Using Triboelectric Plasma. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2309318. [PMID: 38174636 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Graphene, a promising material with excellent properties, suffers from a major limitation in electronics due to its zero bandgap. The gas molecules adsorption has proven to be an effective approach for band regulation, which usually requires a harsh environment. Here, O2 - ions produced with triboelectric plasma are used for in situ regulation of graphene, and the switching ratio can reach 1010. The O2 - ions physical adsorption will reduce the Fermi-level (EF) of graphene. As the EF of graphene is lower than the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) level of O2-, the adsorption of O2 - changes from uniform physical adsorption to local chemical adsorption, thereby realizing the semiconductor properties of graphene. The local graphene bandgap is calculated to be 83.4 meV by the variable-temperature experiment. Furthermore, annealing treatment can restore to 1/10 of the initial conductance. The C─O bond formed by O2 - adsorption has low bond energy and is easy to desorb, while the C═O bond formed by adsorption on defects and edges has higher bond energy and is difficult to desorb. The study proposes a simple in situ method to investigate the microscopic process of O2 - adsorption on the graphene surface, demonstrating a new perspective for local energy band engineering of graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Ruan
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Junmeng Guo
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Song Zhang
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yanyuan Gao
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Wanyu Shang
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Meiying Su
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yabing Liu
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Heng Wang
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Tianen Xie
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Gang Cheng
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Zuliang Du
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
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3
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Tai XH, Hung WS, Yang TCK, Lai CW, Lee KM, Chen CY, Juan JC. Fluorinated photoreduced graphene oxide with semi-ionic C-F bonds: An effective carbon based photocatalyst for the removal of volatile organic compounds. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140890. [PMID: 38072201 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
There is much interest in developing metal-free halogenated graphene such as fluorinated graphene for various catalytic applications. In this work, a fluorine-doped graphene oxide photocatalyst was investigated for photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) of a volatile organic compound (VOC), namely gaseous methanol. The fluorination process of graphene oxide (GO) was carried out via a novel and facile solution-based photoirradiation method. The fluorine atoms were doped on the surface of the GO in a semi-ionic C-F bond configuration. This presence of the semi-ionic C-F bonds induced a dramatic 7-fold increment of the hole charge carrier density of the photocatalyst. The fluorinated GO photocatalyst exhibited excellent photodegradation up to 93.5% or 0.493 h-1 according pseudo-first order kinetics for methanol. In addition, 91.7% of methanol was mineralized into harmless carbon dioxide (CO2) under UV-A irradiation. Furthermore, the photocatalyst demonstrated good stability in five cycles of methanol PCO. Besides methanol, other VOCs such as acetone and formaldehyde were also photodegraded. This work reveals the potential of fluorination in producing effective graphene-based photocatalyst for VOC removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Hong Tai
- PETRONAS Research Sdn Bhd (PRSB), Jalan Ayer Hitam, Bangi Government and Private Training Centre Area, 43000, Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wei-Song Hung
- Advanced Membrane Materials Research Center, Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 10607, Taiwan
| | - Thomas Chung Kuang Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin Wei Lai
- Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kian Mun Lee
- Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chia-Yun Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials (Hi-GEM) Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Joon Ching Juan
- Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Faculty of Engineering, Technology and Built Environment, UCSI University, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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4
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Krafft MP, Riess JG. About Perfluoropolyhedranes, Their Electron-Accepting Ability and Questionable Supramolecular Hosting Capacity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202302942. [PMID: 37208990 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202302942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Polyhedral molecules are appealing for their eye-catching architecture and distinctive chemistry. Perfluorination of such, often greatly strained, compounds is a momentous challenge. It drastically changes the electron distribution, structure and properties. Notably, small high-symmetry perfluoropolyhedranes feature a centrally located, star-shaped low-energy unoccupied molecular orbital that can host an extra electron within the polyhedral frame, thus producing a radical anion, without loss of symmetry. This predicted electron-hosting capacity was definitively established for perfluorocubane, the first perfluorinated Platonic polyhedrane to be isolated pure. Hosting atoms, molecules, or ions in such "cage" structures is, however, all but forthright, if not illusionary, offering no easy access to supramolecular constructs. While adamantane and cubane have fostered numerous applications in materials science, medicine, and biology, specific uses for their perfluorinated counterparts remain to be established. Some aspects of highly fluorinated carbon allotropes, such as fullerenes and graphite, are briefly mentioned for context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Pierre Krafft
- Institut Charles Sadron (CNRS), University of Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess., 67034, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Jean G Riess
- Harangoutte Institute, 68160, Ste-Croix-aux-Mines, France
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5
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Sysoev VI, Yamaletdinov RD, Plyusnin PE, Okotrub AV, Bulusheva LG. Adsorption kinetics of NO 2 gas on oxyfluorinated graphene film. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:2084-2089. [PMID: 36562266 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04926k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We report the fabrication of high-performance NO2 gas sensors based on oxyfluorinated graphene (OFG) layers. At room temperature, the times of adsorption/desorption of NO2 on/from the surface of thin OFG films are less than 1200 s and can be reduced by increasing the operation temperature. The sensors are capable of detecting NO2 molecules at sub-ppm level with a sensitivity of 0.15 ppm-1 at 348 K. The temperature dependence of the rate constants shows that the simultaneous presence of a large number of fluorine- and oxygen-containing groups on the graphene surface provides the formation of low-energy sites (ΔHa < 0.1 eV) for NO2 adsorption. The combination of the high sensitivity of the sensor and a reasonable adsorption/desorption time of the analyte is promising for on-line monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitalii I Sysoev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Ruslan D Yamaletdinov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 5, Acad. Lavrentiev ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Pavel E Plyusnin
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Alexander V Okotrub
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Lyubov G Bulusheva
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
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6
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Ju W, Lee S. Capacitive NO 2 Detection Using CVD Graphene-Based Device. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:243. [PMID: 36677996 PMCID: PMC9863439 DOI: 10.3390/nano13020243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A graphene-based capacitive NO2 sensing device was developed by utilizing the quantum capacitance effect. We have used a graphene field-effect transistor (G-FET) device whose geometrical capacitance is enhanced by incorporating an aluminum back-gate electrode with a naturally oxidized aluminum surface as an insulating layer. When the graphene, the top-side of the device, is exposed to NO2, the quantum capacitance of graphene and, thus, the measured capacitance of the device, changed in accordance with NO2 concentrations ranging from 1-100 parts per million (ppm). The operational principle of the proposed system is also explained with the changes in gate voltage-dependent capacitance of the G-FET exposed to various concentrations of NO2. Further analyses regarding carrier density changes and potential variances under various concentrations of NO2 are also presented to strengthen the argument. The results demonstrate the feasibility of capacitive NO2 sensing using graphene and the operational principle of capacitive NO2 sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonbin Ju
- Department of Physics and Photon Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungbae Lee
- Korea Institute of Energy Technology, KENTECH College, Naju 58330, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
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7
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Pushkarev AS, Pushkareva IV, Kozlova MV, Solovyev MA, Butrim SI, Ge J, Xing W, Fateev VN. Heteroatom-Modified Carbon Materials and Their Use as Supports and Electrocatalysts in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (A Review). RUSS J ELECTROCHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1023193522070114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Recent Progress in Gas Sensor Based on Nanomaterials. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13060919. [PMID: 35744533 PMCID: PMC9229305 DOI: 10.3390/mi13060919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials-based gas sensors have great potential for substance detection. This paper first outlines the research of gas sensors composed of various dimensional nanomaterials. Secondly, nanomaterials may become the development direction of a new generation of gas sensors due to their high sensing efficiency, good detection capability and high sensitivity. Through their excellent characteristics, gas sensors also show high responsiveness and sensing ability, which also plays an increasingly important role in the field of electronic skin. We also reviewed the physical sensors formed from nanomaterials in terms of the methods used, the characteristics of each type of sensor, and the advantages and contributions of each study. According to the different kinds of signals they sense, we especially reviewed research on gas sensors composed of different nanomaterials. We also reviewed the different mechanisms, research processes, and advantages of the different ways of constituting gas sensors after sensing signals. According to the techniques used in each study, we reviewed the differences and advantages between traditional and modern methods in detail. We compared and analyzed the main characteristics of gas sensors with various dimensions of nanomaterials. Finally, we summarized and proposed the development direction of gas sensors based on various dimensions of nanomaterials.
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9
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Ha S, Lim C, Lee YS. Fluorination methods and the properties of fluorinated carbon materials for use as lithium primary battery cathode materials. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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10
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Namdar N, Ghasemi F, Sanaee Z. Plasma-assisted three-dimensional lightscribe graphene as high-performance supercapacitors. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4254. [PMID: 35277584 PMCID: PMC8917148 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08315-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene-based supercapacitors demonstrate extraordinary energy storage capacity due to their layered structure, large effective surface area, high electrical conductivity and acceptable chemical stability. Herein, reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-based supercapacitors were introduced in a simple, and fast method with considerable performance. For this purpose, graphene oxide (GO) was synthesized by the modified Hummers' method and then easily reduced to desired patterns of rGO using a commercial LightScribe DVD drive. In order to increase the effective surface area, as well as the electrical conductivity of rGO layers, oxygen/sulfur hexafluoride plasma was applied to the rGO followed by laser irradiation. By performing such sequential processes, an rGO-based supercapacitor was introduced with a capacitance of about 10.2 F/cm3, which had high stability for more than 1000 consecutive charge-discharge cycles. The fabrication steps of the electrodes were investigated by different analyses such as SEM, TEM, Raman, surface resistance, BET, and XPS measurements. Results showed that these rGO-based electrodes fabricated by sequential processes are very interesting for practical applications of energy storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser Namdar
- Nano-Fabricated Energy Devices Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Foad Ghasemi
- Nanoscale Physics Device Lab (NPDL), Department of Physics, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.
| | - Zeinab Sanaee
- Nano-Fabricated Energy Devices Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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11
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12
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Srivastava S, Pal P, Sharma DK, Kumar S, Senguttuvan TD, Gupta BK. Ultrasensitive Boron-Nitrogen-Codoped CVD Graphene-Derived NO 2 Gas Sensor. ACS MATERIALS AU 2022; 2:356-366. [PMID: 36855380 PMCID: PMC9888635 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialsau.2c00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent trends in 2D materials like graphene are focused on heteroatom doping in a hexagonal honeycomb lattice to tailor the desired properties for various lightweight atomic thin-layer derived portable devices, particularly in the field of gas sensors. To design such gas sensors, it is important to either discover new materials with enhanced properties or tailor the properties of existing materials via doping. Herein, we exploit the concept of codoping of heteroatoms in graphene for more improvements in gas sensing properties and demonstrate a boron- and nitrogen-codoped bilayer graphene-derived gas sensor for enhanced nitrogen dioxide (NO2) gas sensing applications, which may possibly be another alternative for an efficient sensing device. A well-known method of low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) is employed for synthesizing the boron- and nitrogen-codoped bilayer graphene (BNGr). To validate the successful synthesis of BNGr, the Raman, XPS, and FESEM characterization techniques were performed. The Raman spectroscopy results validate the synthesis of graphene nanosheets, and moreover, the FESEM and XPS characterization confirms the codoping of nitrogen and boron in the graphene matrix. The gas sensing device was fabricated on a Si/SiO2 substrate with prepatterned gold electrodes. The proposed BNGr sensor unveils an ultrasensitive nature for NO2 at room temperature. A plausible NO2 gas sensing mechanism is explored via a comparative study of the experimental results through the density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the adsorbed gas molecules on doped heteroatom sites. Henceforth, the obtained results of NO2 sensing with the BNGr gas sensor offer new prospects for designing next-generation lightweight and ultrasensitive gas sensing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhda Srivastava
- CSIR-National
Physical Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Road, New Delhi 110012, India,Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Prabir Pal
- Energy
Materials and Devices Division, CSIR-Central
Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India,Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Durgesh Kumar Sharma
- Applied
Physics Department, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, M.J.P. Rohilkhand University, Bareilly 243006, India
| | - Sudhir Kumar
- Applied
Physics Department, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, M.J.P. Rohilkhand University, Bareilly 243006, India
| | - T. D. Senguttuvan
- CSIR-National
Physical Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Road, New Delhi 110012, India,Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India,
| | - Bipin Kumar Gupta
- CSIR-National
Physical Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Road, New Delhi 110012, India,Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India,
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13
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Liu M, Zhang Y, Wang J, Qin N, Yang H, Sun K, Hao J, Shu L, Liu J, Chen Q, Zhang P, Tao TH. A star-nose-like tactile-olfactory bionic sensing array for robust object recognition in non-visual environments. Nat Commun 2022; 13:79. [PMID: 35013205 PMCID: PMC8748716 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27672-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Object recognition is among the basic survival skills of human beings and other animals. To date, artificial intelligence (AI) assisted high-performance object recognition is primarily visual-based, empowered by the rapid development of sensing and computational capabilities. Here, we report a tactile-olfactory sensing array, which was inspired by the natural sense-fusion system of star-nose mole, and can permit real-time acquisition of the local topography, stiffness, and odor of a variety of objects without visual input. The tactile-olfactory information is processed by a bioinspired olfactory-tactile associated machine-learning algorithm, essentially mimicking the biological fusion procedures in the neural system of the star-nose mole. Aiming to achieve human identification during rescue missions in challenging environments such as dark or buried scenarios, our tactile-olfactory intelligent sensing system could classify 11 typical objects with an accuracy of 96.9% in a simulated rescue scenario at a fire department test site. The tactile-olfactory bionic sensing system required no visual input and showed superior tolerance to environmental interference, highlighting its great potential for robust object recognition in difficult environments where other methods fall short.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- School of Graduate Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yujia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- School of Graduate Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiachuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- School of Graduate Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Nan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Heng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- School of Graduate Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ke Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- School of Graduate Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jie Hao
- Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lin Shu
- Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiarui Liu
- Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Shanghai Fire Research Institute of MEM, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Pingping Zhang
- Suzhou Huiwen Nanotechnology Co., Ltd, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Tiger H Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China.
- School of Graduate Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- 2020 X-Lab, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China.
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Institute of Brain-Intelligence Technology, Zhangjiang Laboratory, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Shanghai Research Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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14
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Chen X, Fan K, Liu Y, Li Y, Liu X, Feng W, Wang X. Recent Advances in Fluorinated Graphene from Synthesis to Applications: Critical Review on Functional Chemistry and Structure Engineering. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2101665. [PMID: 34658081 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202101665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Fluorinated graphene (FG), as an emerging member of the graphene derivatives family, has attracted wide attention on account of its excellent performances and underlying applications. The introduction of a fluorine atom, with the strongest electronegativity (3.98), greatly changes the electron distribution of graphene, resulting in a series of unique variations in optical, electronic, magnetic, interfacial properties and so on. Herein, recent advances in the study of FG from synthesis to applications are introduced, and the relationship between its structure and properties is summarized in detail. Especially, the functional chemistry of FG has been thoroughly analyzed in recent years, which has opened a universal route for the functionalization and even multifunctionalization of FG toward various graphene derivatives, which further broadens its applications. Moreover, from a particular angle, the structure engineering of FG such as the distribution pattern of fluorine atoms and the regulation of interlayer structure when advanced nanotechnology gets involved is summarized. Notably, the elaborated structure engineering of FG is the key factor to optimize the corresponding properties for potential applications, and is also an up-to-date research hotspot and future development direction. Finally, perspectives and prospects for the problems and challenges in the study of FG are put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Chen
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Material and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Kun Fan
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Material and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Material and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Yu Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyang Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Material and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Wei Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, P. R. China
| | - Xu Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Material and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
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15
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Kulakova II, Lisichkin GV. Prospects for Using Graphene Nanomaterials: Sorbents, Membranes, and Gas Sensors. RUSS J APPL CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070427221090019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Epitaxial Growth of Uniform Single-Layer and Bilayer Graphene with Assistance of Nitrogen Plasma. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11123217. [PMID: 34947567 PMCID: PMC8706778 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Graphene was reported as the first-discovered two-dimensional material, and the thermal decomposition of SiC is a feasible route to prepare graphene films. However, it is difficult to obtain a uniform single-layer graphene avoiding the coexistence of multilayer graphene islands or bare substrate holes, which give rise to the degradation of device performance and becomes an obstacle for the further applications. Here, with the assistance of nitrogen plasma, we successfully obtained high-quality single-layer and bilayer graphene with large-scale and uniform surface via annealing 4H-SiC(0001) wafers. The highly flat surface and ordered terraces of the samples were characterized using in situ scanning tunneling microscopy. The Dirac bands in single-layer and bilayer graphene were measured using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy combined with Raman spectroscopy were used to determine the composition of the samples and to ensure no intercalation or chemical reaction of nitrogen with graphene. Our work has provided an efficient way to obtain the uniform single-layer and bilayer graphene films grown on a semiconductive substrate, which would be an ideal platform for fabricating two-dimensional devices based on graphene.
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18
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Application of Metal-Organic Framework-Based Composites for Gas Sensing and Effects of Synthesis Strategies on Gas-Sensitive Performance. CHEMOSENSORS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors9080226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Gas sensing materials, such as semiconducting metal oxides (SMOx), carbon-based materials, and polymers have been studied in recent years. Among of them, SMOx-based gas sensors have higher operating temperatures; sensors crafted from carbon-based materials have poor selectivity for gases and longer response times; and polymer gas sensors have poor stability and selectivity, so it is necessary to develop high-performance gas sensors. As a porous material constructed from inorganic nodes and multidentate organic bridging linkers, the metal-organic framework (MOF) shows viable applications in gas sensors due to its inherent large specific surface area and high porosity. Thus, compounding sensor materials with MOFs can create a synergistic effect. Many studies have been conducted on composite MOFs with three materials to control the synergistic effects to improve gas sensing performance. Therefore, this review summarizes the application of MOFs in sensor materials and emphasizes the synthesis progress of MOF composites. The challenges and development prospects of MOF-based composites are also discussed.
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19
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Dong H, Ning C, Yang G, Ji H, Li Y. Single-side functionalized graphene as promising cathode catalysts in nonaqueous lithium-oxygen batteries. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:12727-12737. [PMID: 34477623 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr03893a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
High-performance cathode catalysts are always desirable for nonaqueous lithium-oxygen (Li-O2) batteries. Using density functional theory calculations, the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of SSX-Gr with different C/X ratios (X = H or F) are systematically studied. Then, a detailed mechanism on the dissociation of O2 and the migration of Li on the SSX-Gr is revealed, based on which C6X and C8X are confirmed as the potential candidates as cathode catalysts. The studies on reaction pathways suggest that the four-electron pathway is the more possible catalytic pathway for the selected SSX-Gr. The free energy diagrams for discharging and charging processes catalyzed by SSX-Gr reveal that C6F exhibits the highest application potential due to its considerably low oxygen reduction overpotential (0.83 V) and oxygen evolution overpotential (1.47 V). The extra spins induced by single-side functionalization endow graphene with the electrocatalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilong Dong
- School of Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, Jiangsu 215500, China.
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20
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Tang X, Fan T, Wang C, Zhang H. Halogen Functionalization in the 2D Material Flatland: Strategies, Properties, and Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2005640. [PMID: 33783132 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202005640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Given the electronegativity and bonding environment of halogen elements, halogenation (i.e., fluorination, chlorination, bromination, and iodination) serves as a versatile strategy for chemical modifications of materials. The combination of halogens and 2D materials has triggered extensive interests since the first report on graphene fluorination in 2008. Subsequently, scholars consistently conduct pre-, in-process, or posthalogenation modifications of emerging 2D materials to achieve desired properties and broad device applications. They also continuously explore the role of halogens in 2D material functionalization. The multiple advantages introduced by halogen decoration make 2D materials outstanding from each subclass. In this review, an overall retrospect is provided on the research advances in the area of 2D material halogenation, including experimental halogenation strategies, halogen-triggered novel physics and properties, and advanced applications across the studied objects. Future research directions in this area are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Tang
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Touwen Fan
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Cong Wang
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Han Zhang
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
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21
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Tang X, Debliquy M, Lahem D, Yan Y, Raskin JP. A Review on Functionalized Graphene Sensors for Detection of Ammonia. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:1443. [PMID: 33669589 PMCID: PMC7922188 DOI: 10.3390/s21041443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Since the first graphene gas sensor has been reported, functionalized graphene gas sensors have already attracted a lot of research interest due to their potential for high sensitivity, great selectivity, and fast detection of various gases. In this paper, we summarize the recent development and progression of functionalized graphene sensors for ammonia (NH3) detection at room temperature. We review graphene gas sensors functionalized by different materials, including metallic nanoparticles, metal oxides, organic molecules, and conducting polymers. The various sensing mechanism of functionalized graphene gas sensors are explained and compared. Meanwhile, some existing challenges that may hinder the sensor mass production are discussed and several related solutions are proposed. Possible opportunities and perspective applications of the graphene NH3 sensors are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Tang
- ICTEAM Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Place du Levant, 3, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; (X.T.); (Y.Y.); (J.-P.R.)
| | - Marc Debliquy
- Materials Science Department, University of Mons, 56, Rue de l’Epargne, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Driss Lahem
- Materia Nova ASBL, 3, Avenue N. Copernic, 7000 Mons, Belgium;
| | - Yiyi Yan
- ICTEAM Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Place du Levant, 3, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; (X.T.); (Y.Y.); (J.-P.R.)
| | - Jean-Pierre Raskin
- ICTEAM Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Place du Levant, 3, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; (X.T.); (Y.Y.); (J.-P.R.)
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22
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Abstract
The present review focuses on the numerous routes for the preparation of fluorinated graphene (FG) according to the starting materials. Two strategies are considered: (i) addition of fluorine atoms on graphenes of various nature and quality and (ii) exfoliation of graphite fluoride. Chemical bonding in fluorinated graphene, related properties and a selection of applications for lubrication, energy storage, and gas sensing will then be discussed.
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23
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Microwave-assisted synthesis of hydroxyl modified fluorinated graphene with high fluorine content and its high load-bearing capacity as water lubricant additive for ceramic/steel contact. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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24
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Chemiresistive Properties of Imprinted Fluorinated Graphene Films. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13163538. [PMID: 32796571 PMCID: PMC7475924 DOI: 10.3390/ma13163538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The electrical conductivity of graphene materials is strongly sensitive to the surface adsorbates, which makes them an excellent platform for the development of gas sensor devices. Functionalization of the surface of graphene opens up the possibility of adjusting the sensor to a target molecule. Here, we investigated the sensor properties of fluorinated graphene films towards exposure to low concentrations of nitrogen dioxide NO2. The films were produced by liquid-phase exfoliation of fluorinated graphite samples with a composition of CF0.08, CF0.23, and CF0.33. Fluorination of graphite using a BrF3/Br2 mixture at room temperature resulted in the covalent attachment of fluorine to basal carbon atoms, which was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron and Raman spectroscopies. Depending on the fluorination degree, the graphite powders had a different dispersion ability in toluene, which affected an average lateral size and thickness of the flakes. The films obtained from fluorinated graphite CF0.33 showed the highest relative response ca. 43% towards 100 ppm NO2 and the best recovery ca. 37% at room temperature.
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25
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Srivastava S, Jain SK, Gupta G, Senguttuvan TD, Gupta BK. Boron-doped few-layer graphene nanosheet gas sensor for enhanced ammonia sensing at room temperature. RSC Adv 2020; 10:1007-1014. [PMID: 35494469 PMCID: PMC9047397 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08707a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Heteroatom doping in graphene is now a practiced way to alter its electronic and chemical properties to design a highly-efficient gas sensor for practical applications. In this series, here we propose boron-doped few-layer graphene for enhanced ammonia gas sensing, which could be a potential candidate for designing a sensing device. A facile approach has been used for synthesizing boron-doped few-layer graphene (BFLGr) by using a low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) method. Further, Raman spectroscopy has been performed to confirm the formation of graphene and XPS and FESEM characterization were carried out to validate the boron doping in the graphene lattice. To fabricate the gas sensing device, an Si/SiO2 substrate with gold patterned electrodes was used. More remarkably, the BFLGr-based sensor exhibits an extremely quick response for ammonia gas sensing with fast recovery at ambient conditions. Hence, the obtained results for the BFLGr-based gas sensor provide a new platform to design next-generation lightweight and fast gas sensing devices. A boron-doped few-layer LPCVD graphene sensor is successfully designed and demonstrated for enhanced NH3 gas sensing applications.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhda Srivastava
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory
- New Delhi
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Campus
| | - Shubhendra K. Jain
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory
- New Delhi
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Campus
| | - Govind Gupta
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory
- New Delhi
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Campus
| | - T. D. Senguttuvan
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory
- New Delhi
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Campus
| | - Bipin Kumar Gupta
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory
- New Delhi
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Campus
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26
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Qin Y, Zhao R, Bai C. Layered double hydroxide-oriented assembly by negatively charged graphene oxide for NO2 sensing at ppb level. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj03372c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The ZnTi-LDHs/rGO composite is structured by combination with GO, to overcome the general stacking and low conductivity of pure ZnTi-LDHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Qin
- School of Microelectronics
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Imaging and Sensing Microelectronic Technology
| | - Ruling Zhao
- School of Microelectronics
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Chenxiang Bai
- School of Microelectronics
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
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27
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Xu JY, Yu JS, Liao JH, Yang XB, Wu CY, Wang Y, Wang L, Xie C, Luo LB. Opening the Band Gap of Graphene via Fluorination for High-Performance Dual-Mode Photodetector Application. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:21702-21710. [PMID: 31120233 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b04389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fluorination is an effective process to open the band gap of graphene (Gr), which is beneficial to the development of optoelectronic devices working in wide wavelength. Herein, we report a dual-mode broadband photodetector (PD) by integrating fluorinated graphene (F-Gr) with silicon (Si). It is found that when working in photoconductive mode, the F-Gr/Si heterojunction exhibited a remarkable photoresponse over a wide spectral region from ultraviolet (UV), visible to near infrared (NIR) light with a high responsivity ( R) of 1.9 × 107 A W-1 and specific detectivity ( D*) of 4.4 × 1012 Jones at 650 nm. Nonetheless, both parameters will be considerably reduced when the F-Gr/Si heterojunction works in the photodiode mode. In this mode, the Ilight/ Idark ratio is as high as 2.0 × 105 and the response speed is accelerated by more than 3 orders of magnitude from about 5 ms to 6.3 μs. Notably, the responsivity of the device in the UV and NIR regions was remarkably enhanced in comparison with that of pristine Gr/Si-heterojunction-based devices. Considering the F-coverage-dependent band gap of the F-Gr revealed by the first-principle calculations, we believe that the enhancement was ascribed to the opening of the band gap in the partially fluorinated Gr, which is stabilized due to the configuration entropy as the temperature increases. The dual-mode PD enabled the simultaneous weak light detection and fast photodetection, which overcome the limitation of the traditional monomode PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yu Xu
- School of Electronic Science and Applied Physics , Hefei University of Technology , Hefei , Anhui 230009 , China
| | - Ju-Song Yu
- Department of Physics , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , Guangdong , China
| | - Ji-Hai Liao
- Department of Physics , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , Guangdong , China
| | - Xiao-Bao Yang
- Department of Physics , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , Guangdong , China
| | - Chun-Yan Wu
- School of Electronic Science and Applied Physics , Hefei University of Technology , Hefei , Anhui 230009 , China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Electronic Science and Applied Physics , Hefei University of Technology , Hefei , Anhui 230009 , China
| | - Li Wang
- School of Electronic Science and Applied Physics , Hefei University of Technology , Hefei , Anhui 230009 , China
| | - Chao Xie
- School of Electronic Science and Applied Physics , Hefei University of Technology , Hefei , Anhui 230009 , China
| | - Lin-Bao Luo
- School of Electronic Science and Applied Physics , Hefei University of Technology , Hefei , Anhui 230009 , China
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28
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Kim Y, Choi YS, Park SY, Kim T, Hong SP, Lee TH, Moon CW, Lee JH, Lee D, Hong BH, Jang HW. Au decoration of a graphene microchannel for self-activated chemoresistive flexible gas sensors with substantially enhanced response to hydrogen. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:2966-2973. [PMID: 30693930 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr09076a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Graphene is one of the most promising materials for high-performance gas sensors due to its unique properties such as high sensitivity at room temperature, transparency, and flexibility. However, the low selectivity and irreversible behavior of graphene-based gas sensors are major problems. Here, we present unprecedented room temperature hydrogen detection by Au nanoclusters supported on self-activated graphene. Compared to pristine graphene sensors, the Au-decorated graphene sensors exhibit highly improved gas-sensing properties upon exposure to various gases. In particular, an unexpected substantial enhancement in H2 detection is found, which has never been reported for Au decoration on any type of chemoresistive material. Density functional theory calculations reveal that Au nanoclusters on graphene contribute to the adsorption of H atoms, whereas the surfaces of Au and graphene do not bind with H atoms individually. The discovery of such a new functionality in the existing material platform holds the key to diverse research areas based on metal nanocluster/graphene heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonhoo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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29
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Research Progress of Gas Sensor Based on Graphene and Its Derivatives: A Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8071118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Gas sensors are devices that convert a gas volume fraction into electrical signals, and they are widely used in many fields such as environmental monitoring. Graphene is a new type of two-dimensional crystal material that has many excellent properties including large specific surface area, high conductivity, and high Young’s modulus. These features make it ideally suitable for application for gas sensors. In this paper, the main characteristics of gas sensor are firstly introduced, followed by the preparation methods and properties of graphene. In addition, the development process and the state of graphene gas sensors are introduced emphatically in terms of structure and performance of the sensor. The emergence of new candidates including graphene, polymer and metal/metal oxide composite enhances the performance of gas detection significantly. Finally, the clear direction of graphene gas sensors for the future is provided according to the latest research results and trends. It provides direction and ideas for future research.
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30
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De Sanctis A, Russo S, Craciun MF, Alexeev A, Barnes MD, Nagareddy VK, Wright CD. New routes to the functionalization patterning and manufacture of graphene-based materials for biomedical applications. Interface Focus 2018; 8:20170057. [PMID: 29696089 DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2017.0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene-based materials are being widely explored for a range of biomedical applications, from targeted drug delivery to biosensing, bioimaging and use for antibacterial treatments, to name but a few. In many such applications, it is not graphene itself that is used as the active agent, but one of its chemically functionalized forms. The type of chemical species used for functionalization will play a key role in determining the utility of any graphene-based device in any particular biomedical application, because this determines to a large part its physical, chemical, electrical and optical interactions. However, other factors will also be important in determining the eventual uptake of graphene-based biomedical technologies, in particular the ease and cost of manufacture of proposed device and system designs. In this work, we describe three novel routes for the chemical functionalization of graphene using oxygen, iron chloride and fluorine. We also introduce novel in situ methods for controlling and patterning such functionalization on the micro- and nanoscales. Our approaches are readily transferable to large-scale manufacturing, potentially paving the way for the eventual cost-effective production of functionalized graphene-based materials, devices and systems for a range of important biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A De Sanctis
- Centre for Graphene Science, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK
| | - S Russo
- Centre for Graphene Science, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK
| | - M F Craciun
- Centre for Graphene Science, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK
| | - A Alexeev
- Centre for Graphene Science, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK
| | - M D Barnes
- Centre for Graphene Science, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK
| | - V K Nagareddy
- Centre for Graphene Science, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK
| | - C D Wright
- Centre for Graphene Science, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK
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31
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Haddara YM, Howlader MMR. Integration of Heterogeneous Materials for Wearable Sensors. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E60. [PMID: 30966123 PMCID: PMC6415181 DOI: 10.3390/polym10010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Wearable sensors are of interest for several application areas, most importantly for their potential to allow for the design of personal continuous health monitoring systems. For wearable sensors, flexibility is required and imperceptibility is desired. Wearable sensors must be robust to strain, motion, and environmental exposure. A number of different strategies have been utilized to achieve flexibility, imperceptibility, and robustness. All of these approaches require the integration of materials having a range of chemical, mechanical, and thermal properties. We have given a concise review of the range of materials that must be incorporated in wearable sensors regardless of the strategies adopted to achieve wearability. We first describe recent advances in the range of wearable sensing materials and their processing requirements and then discuss the potential routes to the integration of these heterogeneous materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaser M Haddara
- Electrical & Computer Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
| | - Matiar M R Howlader
- Electrical & Computer Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
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32
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Kang W, Li S. Preparation of fluorinated graphene to study its gas sensitivity. RSC Adv 2018; 8:23459-23467. [PMID: 35540157 PMCID: PMC9081578 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra03451f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, fluorinated graphene was prepared from graphite fluoride by an improved Hummers method. The fluorinated graphene was characterized using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS). Moreover, a gas sensitivity test was carried out. The results show that the fluorinated graphene is composed of about 5 layers prepared by utilising the improved Hummers method. The content of fluorine in fluorinated graphene decreased, mainly due to the fracture of C–F bonds. Fluorinated graphene showed gas sensitivity to ethanol, ammonia, methane and formaldehyde gases. The sensitivity of fluorinated graphene to ammonia is the highest and is 3.5 times the sensitivity of graphene to ammonia. The doping of fluorine atoms was conducive to improving the gas sensitivity of fluorinated graphene. In this paper, fluorinated graphene was prepared from graphite fluoride by an improved Hummers method. Moreover, the gas sensitivity of fluorinated graphene has been researched.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenze Kang
- Institute of Mining Engineering
- Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology
- Harbin 150022
- China
| | - Shangyi Li
- Institute of Mining Engineering
- Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology
- Harbin 150022
- China
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Hanoon HD, Kowsari E, Abdouss M, Ghasemi MH, Zandi H. Highly efficient and simple protocol for synthesis of 2,4,5-triarylimidazole derivatives from benzil using fluorinated graphene oxide as effective and reusable catalyst. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-016-2847-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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