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Viswanath D, Shin SH, Yoo J, Torregrosa-Allen SE, Harper HA, Cervantes HE, Elzey BD, Won YY. Radiation-induced photodynamic therapy using calcium tungstate nanoparticles and 5-aminolevulinic acid prodrug. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:6311-6324. [PMID: 37552121 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00921a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) prodrug is a clinically tried and proven treatment modality for surface-level lesions. However, its use for deep-seated tumors has been limited due to the poor penetration depth of visible light needed to activate the photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX (PPIX), which is produced from ALA metabolism. Herein, we report the usage of poly(ethylene glycol-b-lactic acid) (PEG-PLA)-encapsulated calcium tungstate (CaWO4, CWO for short) nanoparticles (PEG-PLA/CWO NPs) as energy transducers for X-ray-activated PDT using ALA. Owing to the spectral overlap between radioluminescence afforded by the CWO core and the absorbance of PPIX, these NPs can serve as an in situ visible light activation source during radiotherapy (RT), thereby mitigating the limitation of penetration depth. We demonstrate that this effect is observed across different cell lines with varying radio-sensitivity. Importantly, both PPIX and PEG-PLA/CWO NPs exhibit no significant toxicities at therapeutic doses in the absence of radiation. To assess the efficacy of this approach, we conducted a study using a syngeneic mouse model subcutaneously implanted with inherently radio-resistant 4T1 tumors. The results show a significantly improved prognosis compared to conventional RT, even with as few as 2 fractions of 4 Gy X-rays. Taken together, these results suggest that PEG-PLA/CWO NPs are promising agents for application of ALA-PDT in deep-seated tumors, thereby significantly expanding the utility of the already established treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhushyanth Viswanath
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
| | - Sung-Ho Shin
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
| | - Jin Yoo
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
| | - Sandra E Torregrosa-Allen
- Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Haley A Harper
- Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Heidi E Cervantes
- Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - You-Yeon Won
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
- Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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2
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Pudza I, Pudzs K, Tokmakovs A, Strautnieks NR, Kalinko A, Kuzmin A. Nanocrystalline CaWO 4 and ZnWO 4 Tungstates for Hybrid Organic-Inorganic X-ray Detectors. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:667. [PMID: 36676403 PMCID: PMC9865442 DOI: 10.3390/ma16020667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid materials combining an organic matrix and high-Z nanomaterials show potential for applications in radiation detection, allowing unprecedented device architectures and functionality. Herein, novel hybrid organic-inorganic systems were produced using a mixture of tungstate (CaWO4 or ZnWO4) nanoparticles with a P3HT:PCBM blend. The nano-tungstates with a crystallite size of 43 nm for CaWO4 and 30 nm for ZnWO4 were synthesized by the hydrothermal method. Their structure and morphology were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The hybrid systems were used to fabricate direct conversion X-ray detectors able to operate with zero bias voltage. The detector performance was tested in a wide energy range using monochromatic synchrotron radiation. The addition of nanoparticles with high-Z elements improved the detector response to X-ray radiation compared with that of a pure organic P3HT:PCBM bulk heterojunction cell. The high dynamic range of our detector allows for recording X-ray absorption spectra, including the fine X-ray absorption structure located beyond the absorption edge. The obtained results suggest that nanocrystalline tungstates are promising candidates for application in direct organic-inorganic X-ray detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Pudza
- Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, Kengaraga Street 8, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia
| | - Kaspars Pudzs
- Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, Kengaraga Street 8, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia
| | - Andrejs Tokmakovs
- Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, Kengaraga Street 8, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia
| | | | - Aleksandr Kalinko
- Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, Kengaraga Street 8, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexei Kuzmin
- Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, Kengaraga Street 8, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia
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3
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Viswanath D, Won YY. Combining Radiotherapy (RT) and Photodynamic Therapy (PDT): Clinical Studies on Conventional RT-PDT Approaches and Novel Nanoparticle-Based RT-PDT Approaches under Preclinical Evaluation. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:3644-3658. [PMID: 36000986 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is the primary standard of care for many locally advanced cancers. Often times, however, the efficacy of RT is limited due to radio-resistance that cancer cells develop. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has gained importance as an alternative local therapy. Because its mechanism involves minimal acquired resistance, PDT is a useful adjunct to RT. This review discusses recent advances in combining RT with PDT for cancer treatment. In the first part of this review, we will discuss clinical trials on RT + PDT combination therapies. All these approaches suffer from the same inherent limitations as any current PDT methods; (i) visible light has a short penetration depth in human tissue (<∼10 mm), and (ii) it is difficult to illuminate the entire tumor homogeneously by external/interstitial laser irradiation. To address these limitations, scintillating nanoparticle-mediated RT-PDT approaches have been explored in which nanoparticles convert X-rays (RT) into visible light (PDT); high-energy X-rays can reach deep into the body to irradiate cancers uniformly and precisely. The second part of this review will discuss recent efforts in developing and applying nanoparticles for RT-PDT applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhushyanth Viswanath
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - You-Yeon Won
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.,Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
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4
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Mourdikoudis S, Menelaou M, Fiuza-Maneiro N, Zheng G, Wei S, Pérez-Juste J, Polavarapu L, Sofer Z. Oleic acid/oleylamine ligand pair: a versatile combination in the synthesis of colloidal nanoparticles. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2022; 7:941-1015. [PMID: 35770698 DOI: 10.1039/d2nh00111j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A variety of colloidal chemical approaches has been developed in the last few decades for the controlled synthesis of nanostructured materials in either water or organic solvents. Besides the precursors, the solvents, reducing agents, and the choice of surfactants are crucial for tuning the composition, morphology and other properties of the resulting nanoparticles. The ligands employed include thiols, amines, carboxylic acids, phosphines and phosphine oxides. Generally, adding a single ligand to the reaction mixture is not always adequate to yield the desired features. In this review, we discuss in detail the role of the oleic acid/oleylamine ligand pair in the chemical synthesis of nanoparticles. The combined use of these ligands belonging to two different categories of molecules aims to control the size and shape of nanoparticles and prevent their aggregation, not only during their synthesis but also after their dispersion in a carrier solvent. We show how the different binding strengths of these two molecules and their distinct binding modes on specific facets affect the reaction kinetics toward the production of nanostructures with tailored characteristics. Additional functions, such as the reducing function, are also noted, especially for oleylamine. Sometimes, the carboxylic acid will react with the alkylamine to form an acid-base complex, which may serve as a binary capping agent and reductant; however, its reducing capacity may range from lower to much lower than that of oleylamine. The types of nanoparticles synthesized in the simultaneous presence of oleic acid and oleylamine and discussed herein include metal oxides, metal chalcogenides, metals, bimetallic structures, perovskites, upconversion particles and rare earth-based materials. Diverse morphologies, ranging from spherical nanoparticles to anisotropic, core-shell and hetero-structured configurations are presented. Finally, the relation between tuning the resulting surface and volume nanoparticle properties and the relevant applications is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos Mourdikoudis
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 16628 - Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Melita Menelaou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Geotechnical Sciences and Environmental Management, Cyprus University of Technology, 3036 Limassol, Cyprus.
| | - Nadesh Fiuza-Maneiro
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Materials Chemistry and Physics, Department of Physical Chemistry, Campus Universitario Lagoas Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
| | - Guangchao Zheng
- School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Shuangying Wei
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 16628 - Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Jorge Pérez-Juste
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Química Física, Campus Universitario As Lagoas, Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Lakshminarayana Polavarapu
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Materials Chemistry and Physics, Department of Physical Chemistry, Campus Universitario Lagoas Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
| | - Zdeněk Sofer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 16628 - Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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5
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Sarkar K, Torregrossa-Allen SE, Elzey BD, Narayanan S, Langer MP, Durm GA, Won YY. Effect of Paclitaxel Stereochemistry on X-ray-Triggered Release of Paclitaxel from CaWO 4/Paclitaxel-Coloaded PEG-PLA Nanoparticles. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:2776-2794. [PMID: 35834797 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
For many locally advanced tumors, the chemotherapy-radiotherapy (CT-RT) combination ("chemoradiation") is currently the standard of care. Intratumoral (IT) CT-based chemoradiation has the potential to overcome the limitations of conventional systemic CT-RT (side effects). For maximizing the benefits of IT CT-RT, our laboratory has previously developed a radiation-controlled drug release formulation, in which anticancer drug paclitaxel (PTX) and radioluminescent CaWO4 (CWO) nanoparticles (NPs) are co-encapsulated with poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactic acid) (PEG-PLA) block copolymers ("PEG-PLA/CWO/PTX NPs"). These PEG-PLA/CWO/PTX NPs enable radiation-controlled release of PTX and are capable of producing sustained therapeutic effects lasting for at least one month following a single IT injection. The present article focuses on discussing our recent finding about the effect of the stereochemical structure of PTX on the efficacy of this PEG-PLA/CWO/PTX NP formulation. Stereochemical differences in two different PTX compounds ("PTX-S" from Samyang Biopharmaceuticals and "PTX-B" from Biotang) were characterized by 2D heteronuclear/homonuclear NMR, Raman spectroscopy, and circular dichroism measurements. The difference in PTX stereochemistry was found to significantly influence their water solubility (WS); PTX-S (WS ≈ 4.69 μg/mL) is about 19 times more water soluble than PTX-B (WS ≈ 0.25 μg/mL). The two PTX compounds showed similar cancer cell-killing performances in vitro when used as free drugs. However, the subtle stereochemical difference significantly influenced their X-ray-triggered release kinetics from the PEG-PLA/CWO/PTX NPs; the more water-soluble PTX-S was released faster than the less water-soluble PTX-B. This difference was manifested in the IT pharmacokinetics and eventually in the survival percentages of test animals (mice) treated with PEG-PLA/CWO/PTX NPs + X-rays in an in vivo human tumor xenograft study; at short times (<1 month), concurrent PEG-PLA/CWO/PTX-S NPs produced a greater tumor-suppression effect, whereas PEG-PLA/CWO/PTX-B NPs had a longer-lasting radio-sensitizing effect. This study demonstrates the importance of the stereochemistry of a drug in a therapy based on a controlled release formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaustabh Sarkar
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | | | - Bennett D Elzey
- Purdue University Center of Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.,Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Sanjeev Narayanan
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Mark P Langer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Gregory A Durm
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - You-Yeon Won
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.,Purdue University Center of Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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6
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Influence of the methods of synthesis and grain size distribution on XEOL spectra of CaWO4:xTb3+. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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7
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Cheng W, Zhang Q, Xue Y, Wang Y, Zhou X, Li Z, Li Q. Facile synthesis of alginate‐based calcium tungstate composite: A thermally stable blue emitting phosphor. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Qing Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Yun Xue
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Yanwei Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Xiaodong Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Zichao Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Sciences Qingdao University Qingdao China
- State Key Laboratory of Bio‐Fibers and Eco‐Textiles Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Qun Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao China
- State Key Laboratory of Bio‐Fibers and Eco‐Textiles Qingdao University Qingdao China
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles Qingdao University Qingdao China
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8
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Patel AP, Schorr CR, Viswanath D, Sarkar K, Streb NJ, Pizzuti VJ, Misra R, Lee J, Won YY. Pilot-Scale Optimization of the Solvent Exchange Production and Lyophilization Processing of PEG–PLA Block Copolymer-Encapsulated CaWO 4 Radioluminescent Nanoparticles for Theranostic Applications. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c05852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anish P. Patel
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Christopher R. Schorr
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Dhushyanth Viswanath
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Kaustabh Sarkar
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Natalie J. Streb
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Vincenzo J. Pizzuti
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Rahul Misra
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jaewon Lee
- Department of Biomedical, Biological and Chemical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - You-Yeon Won
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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9
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Pizzuti VJ, Viswanath D, Torregrosa-Allen SE, Currie MP, Elzey BD, Won YY. Bilirubin-Coated Radioluminescent Particles for Radiation-Induced Photodynamic Therapy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:4858-4872. [PMID: 35021730 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo J. Pizzuti
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Dhushyanth Viswanath
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Sandra E. Torregrosa-Allen
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Melanie P. Currie
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Bennett D. Elzey
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - You-Yeon Won
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
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10
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Pizzuti VJ, Misra R, Lee J, Torregrosa-Allen SE, Currie MP, Clark SR, Patel AP, Schorr CR, Jones-Hall Y, Childress MO, Plantenga JM, Rancilio NJ, Elzey BD, Won YY. Folic Acid-Conjugated Radioluminescent Calcium Tungstate Nanoparticles as Radio-Sensitizers for Cancer Radiotherapy. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:4776-4789. [PMID: 33448820 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Radiation therapy is a primary treatment modality for many forms of cancer. Normally, the highest tolerable dose of ionizing radiation is used to treat tumors, but limitations imposed by normal tissue complications present challenges for local tumor control. In light of this, a class of compounds called radio-sensitizers have been developed to enhance the effectiveness of radiation. Many of these are small molecule drugs found to interact favorably with radiation therapy, but recent advances have been made using nanoparticles as radio-sensitizers. Herein, we report the utilization of radio-luminescent calcium tungstate nanoparticles that emit photoelectrons, UV-A, and visible light during X-ray irradiation, acting as effective radio-sensitizers ("Radio Luminescence Therapy"). In addition, a folic acid-functionalized form of these nanoparticles was shown to enhance radio-sensitization in vitro and in murine models of head and neck cancer. Folic acid-functionalized particles were found to decrease UV-A-induced clonogenic cell survival relative to nonfunctionalized particles. Several possible mechanisms were explored, and the folic acid-functionalized particles were found to mediate this increase in efficacy likely by activating pro-proliferative signaling through folate's innate mitogenic activity, leading to decreased repair of UV-A-induced DNA lesions. Finally, a clinical case study of a canine sarcoma patient demonstrated the initial safety and feasibility of translating these folic acid-functionalized particles into the clinic as radio-sensitizers in the treatment of spontaneous tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nicholas J Rancilio
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Auburn University, 1010 Wire Road, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
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11
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Misra R, Sarkar K, Lee J, Pizzuti VJ, Lee DS, Currie MP, Torregrosa-Allen SE, Long DE, Durm GA, Langer MP, Elzey BD, Won YY. Radioluminescent nanoparticles for radiation-controlled release of drugs. J Control Release 2019; 303:237-252. [PMID: 31026550 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The present work demonstrates a novel concept for intratumoral chemo-radio combination therapy for locally advanced solid tumors. For some locally advanced tumors, chemoradiation is currently standard of care. This combination treatment can cause acute and long term toxicity that can limit its use in older patients or those with multiple medical comorbidities. Intratumoral chemotherapy has the potential to address the problem of systemic toxicity that conventional chemotherapy suffers, and may, in our view, be a better strategy for treating certain locally advanced tumors. The present study proposes how intratumoral chemoradiation can be best implemented. The enabling concept is the use of a new chemotherapeutic formulation in which chemotherapy drugs (e.g., paclitaxel (PTX)) are co-encapsulated with radioluminecsnt nanoparticles (e.g., CaWO4 (CWO) nanoparticles (NPs)) within protective capsules formed by biocompatible/biodegradable polymers (e.g., poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactic acid) or PEG-PLA). This drug-loaded polymer-encapsulated radioluminescent nanoparticle system can be locally injected in solution form into the patient's tumor before the patient receives normal radiotherapy (e.g., 30-40 fractions of 2-3 Gy daily X-ray dose delivered over several weeks for locally advanced head and neck tumors). Under X-ray irradiation, the radioluminescent nanoparticles produce UV-A light that has a radio-sensitizing effect. These co-encapsulated radioluminescent nanoparticles also enable radiation-triggered release of chemo drugs from the polymer coating layer. The non-toxic nature (absence of dark toxicity) of this drug-loaded polymer-encapsulated radioluminescent nanoparticle ("PEG-PLA/CWO/PTX") formulation was confirmed by the MTT assay in cancer cell cultures. A clonogenic cell survival assay confirmed that these drug-loaded polymer-encapsulated radioluminescent nanoparticles significantly enhance the cancer cell killing effect of radiation therapy. In vivo study validated the efficacy of PEG-PLA/CWO/PTX-based intratumoral chemo-radio therapy in mouse tumor xenografts (in terms of tumor response and mouse survival). Results of a small-scale NP biodistribution (BD) study demonstrate that PEG-PLA/CWO/PTX NPs remained at the tumor sites for a long period of time (> 1 month) following direct intratumoral administration. A multi-compartmental pharmacokinetic model (with rate constants estimated from in vitro experiments) predicts that this radiation-controlled drug release technology enables significant improvements in the level and duration of drug availability within the tumor (throughout the typical length of radiation treatment, i.e., > 1 month) over conventional delivery systems (e.g., PEG-PLA micelles with no co-encapsulated CaWO4, or an organic liquid, e.g., a 50:50 mixture of Cremophor EL and ethanol, as in Taxol), while it is capable of maintaining the systemic level of the chemo drug far below the toxic threshold limit over the entire treatment period. This technology thus has the potential to offer a new therapeutic option that has not previously been available for patients excluded from conventional chemoradiation protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Misra
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Kaustabh Sarkar
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Jaewon Lee
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Vincenzo J Pizzuti
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Deborah S Lee
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Melanie P Currie
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Sandra E Torregrosa-Allen
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - David E Long
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Gregory A Durm
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Mark P Langer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - You-Yeon Won
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States; Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.
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12
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Lee J, Jo SD, Chung H, Um W, Chandrasekar R, Choi YH, Shalaev VM, Won YY. Laser-Induced CO 2 Generation from Gold Nanorod-Containing Poly(propylene carbonate)-Based Block Polymer Micelles for Ultrasound Contrast Enhancement. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:26084-26098. [PMID: 30011366 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b09630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC) decomposes at high temperature to release CO2. This CO2-generation temperature of PPC can be reduced down to less than 80 °C with the aid of a photoacid generator (PAG). In the present work, we demonstrate that using an additional helper component, surface plasmonic gold nanorods (GNRs), the PPC degradation reaction can also be initiated by infrared (IR) irradiation. For this purpose, a PPC-containing nanoparticle formulation was developed in which PPC-based amphiphilic block copolymers (BCPs), poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate- b-propylene carbonate- b-poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate) (PPEGMA-PPC-PPEGMA), were self-assembled with GNRs and PAG molecules via solvent exchange. Under IR irradiation, GNRs produce heat that can cause PPC to decompose into CO2, and PAG (after UV pretreatment) catalyzes this PPC degradation process. Two PPEGMA-PPC-PPEGMA materials were used for this study: PPEGMA7.3K-PPC5.6K-PPEGMA7.3K ("G7C6G7") and PPEGMA2.1K-PPC5.6K-PPEGMA2.1K ("G2C6G2"). Addition of CTAB-coated GNRs dispersed in water to a G2C6G2 solution in DMF produced individually G2C6G2-encapsulated GNRs, whereas the same solvent exchange procedure resulted in the formation of polymer-coated GNR clusters when G7C6G7 was used as the encapsulating material. GNR/G2C6G2 NPs exhibited a surface plasmon resonance peak at 697 nm. The clustered morphology of G7C6G7-encapsulated GNRs caused a blue shift of the absorbance maximum to 511 nm. As a consequence, GNR/G2C6G2 NPs showed a greater absorbance/heat generation rate under IR irradiation than did GNR/G7C6G7 NPs. The IR-induced CO2 generation rate was about 4.2 times higher with the GNR/G2C6G2+PAG sample than that with the GNR/G7C6G7+PAG sample. Both GNR/G7C6G7+PAG and GNR/G2C6G2+PAG systems produced ultrasound contrast enhancement effects under continuous exposure to IR light for >20 min; contrast enhancement was more spatially uniform for the GNR/G2C6G2+PAG sample. These results support the potential utility of PPC as a CO2-generating contrast agent in ultrasound imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewon Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99352 , United States
| | - Sung Duk Jo
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute , Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) , Seoul 02792 , South Korea
| | - Haejun Chung
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Wooram Um
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute , Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) , Seoul 02792 , South Korea
| | - Rohith Chandrasekar
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Yun Hwa Choi
- School of Chemical Engineering , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Vladimir M Shalaev
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - You-Yeon Won
- School of Chemical Engineering , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute , Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) , Seoul 02792 , South Korea
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
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13
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Jo SD, Lee J, Joo MK, Pizzuti VJ, Sherck NJ, Choi S, Lee BS, Yeom SH, Kim SY, Kim SH, Kwon IC, Won YY. PEG–PLA-Coated and Uncoated Radio-Luminescent CaWO4 Micro- and Nanoparticles for Concomitant Radiation and UV-A/Radio-Enhancement Cancer Treatments. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:1445-1462. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Duk Jo
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Jaewon Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Min Kyung Joo
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Vincenzo J. Pizzuti
- School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Nicholas J. Sherck
- School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Slgi Choi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Beom Suk Lee
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Sung Ho Yeom
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Gangneung-Wonju National University, 7 Jukheon-gil, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 25457, South Korea
| | - Sang Yoon Kim
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Sun Hwa Kim
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Ick Chan Kwon
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - You-Yeon Won
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, South Korea
- School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, 201 South University Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, Unites States
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14
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Huang J, Tian B, Wang J, Wang Y, Lu W, Li Q, Jin L, Li C, Wang Z. Controlled synthesis of 3D flower-like MgWO4:Eu3+ hierarchical structures and fluorescence enhancement through introduction of carbon dots. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce02048a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
3D flower-like MgWO4:Eu3+ structures composed of many nanosheets were synthesized and their luminescence can be enhanced through introduction of CDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbin Huang
- The Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials
- The Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials and Applications
- Zhoukou Normal University
- Zhoukou 466001
- P. R. China
| | - Boshi Tian
- The Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials
- The Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials and Applications
- Zhoukou Normal University
- Zhoukou 466001
- P. R. China
| | - Jia Wang
- The Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials
- The Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials and Applications
- Zhoukou Normal University
- Zhoukou 466001
- P. R. China
| | - Yabo Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Pingdingshan University
- Pingdingshan 467000
- P. R. China
| | - Wei Lu
- University Research Facility in Materials Characterization and Device Fabrication
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
- Hong Kong
- P. R. China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- The Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials
- The Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials and Applications
- Zhoukou Normal University
- Zhoukou 466001
- P. R. China
| | - Lin Jin
- The Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials
- The Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials and Applications
- Zhoukou Normal University
- Zhoukou 466001
- P. R. China
| | - Chunyang Li
- The Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials
- The Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials and Applications
- Zhoukou Normal University
- Zhoukou 466001
- P. R. China
| | - Zhenling Wang
- The Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials
- The Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials and Applications
- Zhoukou Normal University
- Zhoukou 466001
- P. R. China
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15
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Microemulsion‐Mediated Synthesis and Properties of Uniform Ln:CaWO
4
(Ln = Eu, Dy) Nanophosphors with Multicolor Luminescence for Optical and CT Imaging. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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16
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Sherck NJ, Won YY. Technical Note: A simulation study on the feasibility of radiotherapy dose enhancement with calcium tungstate and hafnium oxide nano- and microparticles. Med Phys 2017; 44:6583-6588. [PMID: 28921536 DOI: 10.1002/mp.12588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the radiotherapy dose enhancement (RDE) potential of calcium tungstate (CaWO4 ) and hafnium oxide (HfO2 ) nano- and microparticles (NPs). A Monte Carlo simulation study was conducted to gauge their respective RDE potentials relative to that of the broadly studied gold (Au) NP. The study was warranted due to the promising clinical and preclinical studies involving both CaWO4 and HfO2 NPs as RDE agents in the treatment of various types of cancers. The study provides a baseline RDE to which future experimental RDE trends can be compared to. METHODS All three materials were investigated in silico with the software Penetration and Energy Loss of Positrons and Electrons (PENELOPE 2014) developed by Francesc Salvat and distributed in the United States by the Radiation Safety Information Computational Center (RSICC) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The work utilizes the extensively studied Au NP as the "gold standard" for a baseline. The key metric used in the evaluation of the materials was the local dose enhancement factor (DEFloc ). An additional metric used, termed the relative enhancement ratio (RER), evaluates material performance at the same mass concentrations. RESULTS The results of the study indicate that Au has the strongest RDE potential using the DEFloc metric. HfO2 and CaWO4 both underperformed relative to Au with lower DEFloc of 2-3 × and 4-100 ×, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The computational investigation predicts the RDE performance ranking to be: Au > HfO2 > CaWO4 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Sherck
- School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.,LoDos Theranostics, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, USA
| | - You-Yeon Won
- School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.,Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.,LoDos Theranostics, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, USA
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17
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Lee J, Choi S, Kim KH, Heng HG, Torregrosa-Allen SE, Ramsey BS, Elzey BD, Won YY. Nontoxic Formulations of Scintillation Nanocrystals for Use as X-ray Computed Tomography Contrast Agents. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 28:171-182. [PMID: 27791362 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
X-ray computed tomography (CT) is currently one of the most powerful, noninvasive, clinical in vivo imaging techniques, which has resulted from advances in both X-ray device and contrast enhancement technologies. The present study demonstrates, for the first time, that metal tungstates (such as CaWO4) are promising contrast agents for X-ray, radiation, and CT imaging, because of the high X-ray mass attenuation of tungsten (W). We have developed a method of formulation, in which CaWO4 (CWO) nanoparticles (NPs) are encapsulated within a biocompatible poly(ethylene glycol-b-d,l-lactic acid) (PEG-PLA) block copolymer (BCP) capsule. We show that these PEG-PLA-encapsulated CWO NPs (170 ± 10 nm hydrodynamic diameter) produce a higher CT contrast (by a factor of about 2) than commercial iodine-based radiocontrast agents (e.g., Iohexol) at identical molar concentrations of W or I atoms. PEG-PLA-coated CWO NPs are chemically stable and completely nontoxic. It was confirmed that the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of this material in mice is significantly higher (250 ± 50 mg per kg body weight following a single intravenous (IV) administration) than, for instance, commercially available dextran-coated iron oxide nanoparticles that are currently used clinically as MRI contrast agents (MTD in mice ≈ 168 mg/kg per dose IV). IV-injected PEG-PLA/CWO NPs caused no histopathologic damage in major excretory organs (heart, liver, lungs, spleen, and kidney). When an IV dose of 100 mg/kg was given to mice, the blood circulation half-life was measured to be about 4 h, and more than 90% of the NPs were cleared from the mice within 24 h via the renal and hepatobiliary systems. When intratumorally administered, PEG-PLA-coated CWO NPs showed complete retention in a tumor-bearing mouse model (measurements were made up to 1 week). These results suggest that PEG-PLA-coated CWO NPs are promising materials for use in CT contrast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewon Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, §Department of Comparative Pathobiology, and ∥Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Seulgi Choi
- School of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, §Department of Comparative Pathobiology, and ∥Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, §Department of Comparative Pathobiology, and ∥Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Hock Gan Heng
- School of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, §Department of Comparative Pathobiology, and ∥Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Sandra E Torregrosa-Allen
- School of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, §Department of Comparative Pathobiology, and ∥Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Benjamin S Ramsey
- School of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, §Department of Comparative Pathobiology, and ∥Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- School of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, §Department of Comparative Pathobiology, and ∥Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - You-Yeon Won
- School of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, §Department of Comparative Pathobiology, and ∥Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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