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Das S, Russon MP, Zea MP, Xing Z, Torregrosa-Allen S, Cervantes HE, Harper HA, Elzey BD, Tran EJ. Supinoxin blocks Small Cell Lung Cancer Progression by Inhibiting Mitochondrial Respiration through the RNA Helicase DDX5. Res Sq 2024:rs.3.rs-4169007. [PMID: 38699339 PMCID: PMC11065055 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4169007/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
DDX5 is a DEAD-box RNA helicase that is overexpressed and implicated in progression of several cancers 1-4. One of these is small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Our laboratory has demonstrated that the RNA helicase DDX5 is essential for the invasive growth of SCLC and mitochondrial respiration 5. SCLC is an extremely lethal, recalcitrant tumor 6,7, causing 250,000 deaths annually worldwide 8 and currently lacking effective treatments 9,10. Supinoxin (RX 5902), a compound having anti-cancer activity 11, is a known target of phosphor-DDX5 12,13; Supinoxin blocks the interaction between β-catenin and phosphor-DDX5 13, thereby releasing β-catenin and allowing its degradation. In an effort to repurpose Supinoxin for treatment of SCLC, we conducted a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments. Supinoxin has been observed to impede the proliferation of H69AR cell lines. Additionally, Supinoxin has the potential to mitigate both the growth of H69AR xenograft tumors and SCLC PDX tumors in vivo at a dosage of 70mg/kg in immunocompromised mice. The findings indicate that the administration of Supinoxin is effective in suppressing the growth of tumors and enhancing the survival rate of mice with SCLC tumors. Subsequently, an effort was made to explore the molecular pathways involved in the activity of Supinoxin in Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) cells. Surprisingly, we did not see any decrease in β-catenin levels or relocalization from the cytoplasm upon Supinoxin treatment. Moreover, we did not observe any decrease in the expression levels of β-catenin target genes thereby contradicting the current model. Based on our current data we found that the current model of Supinoxin activity is inaccurate. Additional investigations were conducted to explore the mechanisms by which Supinoxin affects small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Treatment with Supinoxin induced mitochondrial dysfunction in the chemoresistant small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell line H69AR. The latter was evidenced by down-regulation of genes associated with oxidative phosphorylation. Thus, Supinoxin is a new therapeutic agent for small cell lung cancer (SCLC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhadeep Das
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, BCHM A343, 175 S. University Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2063
- Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, Hansen Life Sciences Research Building, Room 141, 201 S. University Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2064
| | - Matthew P. Russon
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, BCHM A343, 175 S. University Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2063
| | - Maria P. Zea
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, BCHM A343, 175 S. University Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2063
| | - Zheng Xing
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, BCHM A343, 175 S. University Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2063
| | - Sandra Torregrosa-Allen
- Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, Hansen Life Sciences Research Building, Room 141, 201 S. University Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2064
| | - Heidi E. Cervantes
- Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, Hansen Life Sciences Research Building, Room 141, 201 S. University Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2064
| | - Haley Ann Harper
- Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, Hansen Life Sciences Research Building, Room 141, 201 S. University Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2064
| | - Bennett D. Elzey
- Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, Hansen Life Sciences Research Building, Room 141, 201 S. University Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2064
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Elizabeth J. Tran
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, BCHM A343, 175 S. University Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2063
- Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, Hansen Life Sciences Research Building, Room 141, 201 S. University Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2064
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2
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Lupo KB, Yao X, Borde S, Wang J, Torregrosa-Allen S, Elzey BD, Utturkar S, Lanman NA, McIntosh M, Matosevic S. synNotch-programmed iPSC-derived NK cells usurp TIGIT and CD73 activities for glioblastoma therapy. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1909. [PMID: 38429294 PMCID: PMC10907695 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46343-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe heterogeneity within glioblastoma has spurred the notion that disrupting the interplay between multiple elements on immunosuppression is at the core of meaningful anti-tumor responses. T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT) and its glioblastoma-associated antigen, CD155, form a highly immunosuppressive axis in glioblastoma and other solid tumors, yet targeting of TIGIT, a functionally heterogeneous receptor on tumor-infiltrating immune cells, has largely been ineffective as monotherapy, suggesting that disruption of its inhibitory network might be necessary for measurable responses. It is within this context that we show that the usurpation of the TIGIT - CD155 axis via engineered synNotch-mediated activation of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived natural killer (NK) cells promotes transcription factor-mediated activation of a downstream signaling cascade that results in the controlled, localized blockade of CD73 to disrupt purinergic activity otherwise resulting in the production and accumulation of immunosuppressive extracellular adenosine. Such "decoy" receptor engages CD155 binding to TIGIT, but tilts inhibitory TIGIT/CD155 interactions toward activation via downstream synNotch signaling. Usurping activities of TIGIT and CD73 promotes the function of adoptively transferred NK cells into intracranial patient-derived models of glioblastoma and enhances their natural cytolytic functions against this tumor to result in complete tumor eradication. In addition, targeting both receptors, in turn, reprograms the glioblastoma microenvironment via the recruitment of T cells and the downregulation of M2 macrophages. This study demonstrates that TIGIT/CD155 and CD73 are targetable receptor partners in glioblastoma. Our data show that synNotch-engineered pluripotent stem cell-derived NK cells are not only effective mediators of anti-glioblastoma responses within the setting of CD73 and TIGIT/CD155 co-targeting, but represent a powerful allogeneic treatment option for this tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle B Lupo
- Department of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Xue Yao
- Department of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Shambhavi Borde
- Department of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jiao Wang
- Department of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | - Bennett D Elzey
- Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Sagar Utturkar
- Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Nadia A Lanman
- Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - MacKenzie McIntosh
- Histology Research Laboratory, Center for Comparative Translational Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Sandro Matosevic
- Department of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
- Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
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Lupo KB, Torregrosa-Allen S, Elzey BD, Utturkar S, Lanman NA, Cohen-Gadol AA, Slivova V, McIntosh M, Pollok KE, Matosevic S. TIGIT contributes to the regulation of 4-1BB and does not define NK cell dysfunction in glioblastoma. iScience 2023; 26:108353. [PMID: 38053639 PMCID: PMC10694670 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
TIGIT is a receptor on human natural killer (NK) cells. Here, we report that TIGIT does not spontaneously induce inhibition of NK cells in glioblastoma (GBM), but rather acts as a decoy-like receptor, by usurping binding partners and regulating expression of NK activating ligands and receptors. Our data show that in GBM patients, one of the underpinnings of unresponsiveness to TIGIT blockade is that by targeting TIGIT, NK cells do not lose an inhibitory signal, but gains the potential for new interactions with other, shared, TIGIT ligands. Therefore, TIGIT does not define NK cell dysfunction in GBM. Further, in GBM, TIGIT+ NK cells are hyperfunctional. In addition, we discovered that 4-1BB correlates with TIGIT expression, the agonism of which contributes to TIGIT immunotherapy. Overall, our data suggest that in GBM, TIGIT acts as a regulator of a complex network, and provide new clues about its use as an immunotherapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle B. Lupo
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | - Bennett D. Elzey
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Urology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sagar Utturkar
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Nadia A. Lanman
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | - Veronika Slivova
- Enterprise Clinical Research Operations Biorepository, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - MacKenzie McIntosh
- Histology Research Laboratory, Center for Comparative Translational Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Karen E. Pollok
- In Vivo Therapeutics Core, Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sandro Matosevic
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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Li Z, Caron de Fromentel C, Kim W, Wang WH, Sun J, Yan B, Utturkar S, Lanman NA, Elzey BD, Yeo Y, Zhang H, Kazemian M, Levrero M, Andrisani O. RNA helicase DDX5 modulates sorafenib sensitivity in hepatocellular carcinoma via the Wnt/β-catenin-ferroptosis axis. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:786. [PMID: 38036507 PMCID: PMC10689482 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06302-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Reduced expression of the RNA helicase DDX5 associated with increased hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumor grade and poor patient survival following treatment with sorafenib. While immunotherapy is the first-line treatment for HCC, sorafenib and other multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (mTKIs) are widely used when immunotherapy is contra-indicated or fails. Herein, we elucidate the role of DDX5 in sensitizing HCC to sorafenib, offering new therapeutic strategies. Treatment of various human HCC cell lines with sorafenib/mTKIs downregulated DDX5 in vitro and in preclinical HCC models. Conversely, DDX5 overexpression reduced the viability of sorafenib-treated cells via ferroptosis, suggesting a role for DDX5 in sorafenib sensitivity. RNAseq of wild-type vs. DDX5-knockdown cells treated with or without sorafenib identified a set of common genes repressed by DDX5 and upregulated by sorafenib. This set significantly overlaps with Wnt signaling genes, including Disheveled-1 (DVL1), an indispensable Wnt activator and prognostic indicator of poor survival for sorafenib-treated patients. DDX5-knockout (DDX5KO) HCC cells exhibited DVL1 induction, Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation, and ferroptosis upon inhibition of canonical Wnt signaling. Consistently, xenograft HCC tumors exhibited reduced growth by inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling via induction of ferroptosis. Significantly, overexpression of DDX5 in HCC xenografts repressed DVL1 expression and increased ferroptosis, resulting in reduced tumor growth by sorafenib. We conclude that DDX5 downregulation by sorafenib mediates adaptive resistance by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling, leading to ferroptosis escape. Conversely, overexpression of DDX5 in vivo enhances the anti-tumor efficacy of sorafenib by suppressing Wnt/β-catenin activation and induction of ferroptosis. Thus, DDX5 overexpression in combination with mTKIs is a promising therapeutic strategy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhili Li
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Purdue Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Claude Caron de Fromentel
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon (CRCL) - INSERM U1052, CNRS5286, University Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F69000, Lyon, France
| | - Woojun Kim
- Purdue Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Wen-Hung Wang
- Purdue Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jiazeng Sun
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Purdue Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Bingyu Yan
- Purdue Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Sagar Utturkar
- Purdue Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Nadia Atallah Lanman
- Purdue Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- Purdue Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Yoon Yeo
- Purdue Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Hao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Majid Kazemian
- Purdue Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Massimo Levrero
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon (CRCL) - INSERM U1052, CNRS5286, University Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F69000, Lyon, France.
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service d'Hépatologie et Gastroentérologie, Groupement Hospitalier Lyon Nord, Lyon, France.
| | - Ourania Andrisani
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
- Purdue Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
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5
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Viswanath D, Shin SH, Yoo J, Torregrosa-Allen SE, Harper HA, Cervantes HE, Elzey BD, Won YY. Radiation-induced photodynamic therapy using calcium tungstate nanoparticles and 5-aminolevulinic acid prodrug. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:6311-6324. [PMID: 37552121 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00921a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) prodrug is a clinically tried and proven treatment modality for surface-level lesions. However, its use for deep-seated tumors has been limited due to the poor penetration depth of visible light needed to activate the photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX (PPIX), which is produced from ALA metabolism. Herein, we report the usage of poly(ethylene glycol-b-lactic acid) (PEG-PLA)-encapsulated calcium tungstate (CaWO4, CWO for short) nanoparticles (PEG-PLA/CWO NPs) as energy transducers for X-ray-activated PDT using ALA. Owing to the spectral overlap between radioluminescence afforded by the CWO core and the absorbance of PPIX, these NPs can serve as an in situ visible light activation source during radiotherapy (RT), thereby mitigating the limitation of penetration depth. We demonstrate that this effect is observed across different cell lines with varying radio-sensitivity. Importantly, both PPIX and PEG-PLA/CWO NPs exhibit no significant toxicities at therapeutic doses in the absence of radiation. To assess the efficacy of this approach, we conducted a study using a syngeneic mouse model subcutaneously implanted with inherently radio-resistant 4T1 tumors. The results show a significantly improved prognosis compared to conventional RT, even with as few as 2 fractions of 4 Gy X-rays. Taken together, these results suggest that PEG-PLA/CWO NPs are promising agents for application of ALA-PDT in deep-seated tumors, thereby significantly expanding the utility of the already established treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhushyanth Viswanath
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
| | - Sung-Ho Shin
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
| | - Jin Yoo
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
| | - Sandra E Torregrosa-Allen
- Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Haley A Harper
- Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Heidi E Cervantes
- Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - You-Yeon Won
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
- Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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6
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Chang Y, Jin G, Luo W, Luo Q, Jung J, Hummel SN, Torregrosa-Allen S, Elzey BD, Low PS, Lian XL, Bao X. Engineered human pluripotent stem cell-derived natural killer cells with PD-L1 responsive immunological memory for enhanced immunotherapeutic efficacy. Bioact Mater 2023; 27:168-180. [PMID: 37091063 PMCID: PMC10113709 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Adoptive chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered natural killer (NK) cells have shown promise in treating various cancers. However, limited immunological memory and access to sufficient numbers of allogenic donor cells have hindered their broader preclinical and clinical applications. Here, we first assess eight different CAR constructs that use an anti-PD-L1 nanobody and/or universal anti-fluorescein (FITC) single-chain variable fragment (scFv) to enhance antigen-specific proliferation and anti-tumor cytotoxicity of NK-92 cells against heterogenous solid tumors. We next genetically engineer human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) with optimized CARs and differentiate them into functional dual CAR-NK cells. The tumor microenvironment responsive anti-PD-L1 CAR effectively promoted hPSC-NK cell proliferation and cytotoxicity through antigen-dependent activation of phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3) and pSTAT5 signaling pathways via an intracellular truncated IL-2 receptor β-chain (ΔIL-2Rβ) and STAT3-binding tyrosine-X-X-glutamine (YXXQ) motif. Anti-tumor activities of PD-L1-induced memory-like hPSC-NK cells were further boosted by administering a FITC-folate bi-specific adapter that bridges between a programmable anti-FITC CAR and folate receptor alpha-expressing breast tumor cells. Collectively, our hPSC CAR-NK engineering platform is modular and could constitute a realistic strategy to manufacture off-the-shelf CAR-NK cells with immunological memory-like phenotype for targeted immunotherapy.
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Cheng C, Deneke N, Moon HR, Choi SR, Ospina-Muñoz N, Elzey BD, Davis CS, Chiu GTC, Han B. Inkjet-printed morphogenesis of tumor-stroma interface using bi-cellular bioinks of collagen-poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide-co-methyl methacrylate) mixture. Mater Today Adv 2023; 19:100408. [PMID: 37691883 PMCID: PMC10486313 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtadv.2023.100408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in biomaterials and 3D printing/culture methods enable various tissue-engineered tumor models. However, it is still challenging to achieve native tumor-like characteristics due to lower cell density than native tissues and prolonged culture duration for maturation. Here, we report a new method to create tumoroids with a mechanically active tumor-stroma interface at extremely high cell density. This method, named "inkjet-printed morphogenesis" (iPM) of the tumor-stroma interface, is based on a hypothesis that cellular contractile force can significantly remodel the cell-laden polymer matrix to form densely-packed tissue-like constructs. Thus, differential cell-derived compaction of tumor cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) can be used to build a mechanically active tumor-stroma interface. In this methods, two kinds of bioinks are prepared, in which tumor cells and CAFs are suspended respectively in the mixture of collagen and poly (N-isopropyl acrylamide-co-methyl methacrylate) solution. These two cellular inks are inkjet-printed in multi-line or multi-layer patterns. As a result of cell-derived compaction, the resulting structure forms tumoroids with mechanically active tumor-stroma interface at extremely high cell density. We further test our working hypothesis that the morphogenesis can be controlled by manipulating the force balance between cellular contractile force and matrix stiffness. Furthermore, this new concept of "morphogenetic printing" is demonstrated to create more complex structures beyond current 3D bioprinting techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cih Cheng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Naomi Deneke
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Hye-ran Moon
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Sae Rome Choi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | - Bennett D. Elzey
- Purdue Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Chelsea S. Davis
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - George T.-C Chiu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Bumsoo Han
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Purdue Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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8
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Tien PC, Chen X, Elzey BD, Pollock RE, Kuang S. Notch signaling regulates a metabolic switch through inhibiting PGC-1α and mitochondrial biogenesis in dedifferentiated liposarcoma. Oncogene 2023; 42:2521-2535. [PMID: 37433985 PMCID: PMC10575759 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02768-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Human dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) is a rare but lethal cancer with no driver mutations being identified, hampering the development of targeted therapies. We and others recently reported that constitutive activation of Notch signaling through overexpression of the Notch1 intracellular domain (NICDOE) in murine adipocytes leads to tumors resembling human DDLPS. However, the mechanisms underlying the oncogenic functions of Notch activation in DDLPS remains unclear. Here, we show that Notch signaling is activated in a subset of human DDLPS and correlates with poor prognosis and expression of MDM2, a defining marker of DDLPS. Metabolic analyses reveal that murine NICDOE DDLPS cells exhibit markedly reduced mitochondrial respiration and increased glycolysis, mimicking the Warburg effect. This metabolic switch is associated with diminished expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1α (Ppargc1a, encoding PGC-1α protein), a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. Genetic ablation of the NICDOE cassette rescues the expression of PGC-1α and mitochondrial respiration. Similarly, overexpression of PGC-1α is sufficient to rescue mitochondria biogenesis, inhibit the growth and promote adipogenic differentiation of DDLPS cells. Together, these data demonstrate that Notch activation inhibits PGC-1α to suppress mitochondrial biogenesis and drive a metabolic switch in DDLPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chieh Tien
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Xiyue Chen
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Raphael E Pollock
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Shihuan Kuang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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9
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Sarkar K, Torregrossa-Allen SE, Elzey BD, Narayanan S, Langer MP, Durm GA, Won YY. Correction to "Effect of Paclitaxel Stereochemistry on X-ray-Triggered Release of Paclitaxel from CaWO 4/Paclitaxel-Coloaded PEG-PLA Nanoparticles". Mol Pharm 2023. [PMID: 37477492 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
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10
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Chang Y, Cai X, Syahirah R, Yao Y, Xu Y, Jin G, Bhute VJ, Torregrosa-Allen S, Elzey BD, Won YY, Deng Q, Lian XL, Wang X, Eniola-Adefeso O, Bao X. CAR-neutrophil mediated delivery of tumor-microenvironment responsive nanodrugs for glioblastoma chemo-immunotherapy. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2266. [PMID: 37080958 PMCID: PMC10119091 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37872-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most aggressive and lethal solid tumors in human. While efficacious therapeutics, such as emerging chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells and chemotherapeutics, have been developed to treat various cancers, their effectiveness in GBM treatment has been hindered largely by the blood-brain barrier and blood-brain-tumor barriers. Human neutrophils effectively cross physiological barriers and display effector immunity against pathogens but the short lifespan and resistance to genome editing of primary neutrophils have limited their broad application in immunotherapy. Here we genetically engineer human pluripotent stem cells with CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene knock-in to express various anti-GBM CAR constructs with T-specific CD3ζ or neutrophil-specific γ-signaling domains. CAR-neutrophils with the best anti-tumor activity are produced to specifically and noninvasively deliver and release tumor microenvironment-responsive nanodrugs to target GBM without the need to induce additional inflammation at the tumor sites. This combinatory chemo-immunotherapy exhibits superior and specific anti-GBM activities, reduces off-target drug delivery and prolongs lifespan in female tumor-bearing mice. Together, this biomimetic CAR-neutrophil drug delivery system is a safe, potent and versatile platform for treating GBM and possibly other devastating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chang
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Xuechao Cai
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Ramizah Syahirah
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Yuxing Yao
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Yang Xu
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Gyuhyung Jin
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Vijesh J Bhute
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | | | - Bennett D Elzey
- Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - You-Yeon Won
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Qing Deng
- Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Xiaojun Lance Lian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
| | - Xiaoguang Wang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
- Sustainability Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | | | - Xiaoping Bao
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
- Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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11
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Misra R, Sarkar K, Lee J, Pizzuti VJ, Lee DS, Currie MP, Torregrosa-Allen SE, Long DE, Durm GA, Langer MP, Elzey BD, Won YY. Corrigendum to "Radioluminescent nanoparticles for radiation-controlled release of drugs" [Journal of Controlled Release 303 (2019) 237-252]. J Control Release 2023; 356:130. [PMID: 36870113 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Misra
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Kaustabh Sarkar
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Jaewon Lee
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Vincenzo J Pizzuti
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Deborah S Lee
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Melanie P Currie
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Sandra E Torregrosa-Allen
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - David E Long
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Gregory A Durm
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Mark P Langer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - You-Yeon Won
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States; Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.
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12
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Calvert RD, Fleet JC, Fournier PGJ, Juarez P, Burcham GN, Haverkamp JM, Guise TA, Ratliff TL, Elzey BD. Monocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells from Tumor Tissue Are a Differentiated Cell with Limited Fate Plasticity. Immunohorizons 2022; 6:790-806. [PMID: 36480485 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2200079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to ease of access and high yield, most murine myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) knowledge comes from the study of spleen-derived MDSCs rather than those isolated from the tumor. Although several studies have identified subtle differences in suppressive function between these MDSCs, a recent report demonstrated that the whole peripheral myeloid compartment poorly reflects myeloid populations found at the tumor. We confirm and extend these observations by presenting data that indicate extensive differences exist between peripheral and tumor MDSCs, suggesting that it may be inappropriate to use spleen MDSCs as surrogates for studying tumor MDSCs. Using cytospins, we observed that tumor MDSCs have undergone a morphologic shift from immature myeloid cell forms commonly seen in bone marrow (BM) and spleen MDSCs and acquired mature myeloid cell characteristics. Spleen and BM monocyte-like MDSCs (M-MDSCs) readily responded to differentiation signals for multiple myeloid cell types whereas tumor M-MDSCs had remarkably reduced cellular plasticity. At the time of isolation, M-MDSCs from BM or spleen have little to no T cell suppressive activity whereas those from the tumor possess immediate and efficient T cell suppressive function. Finally, microarray analysis revealed that the transcriptomes of tumor and spleen M-MDSCs possessed >4500 differentially expressed transcripts. We conclude that tumor M-MDSCs are more differentiated and mature, and that they are morphologically, genetically, and functionally distinct from spleen and BM M-MDSCs. These observations have important implications for the design of anti-MDSC therapies and suggest that preclinical studies using nontumor MDSCs could lead to results not applicable to tumor MDSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D Calvert
- Department of Science and Mathematics, Tabor College, Hillsboro, KS
| | - James C Fleet
- Department of Nutrition Science, University of Texas, Austin, TX
| | - Pierrick G J Fournier
- Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education at Ensenada, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Patricia Juarez
- Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education at Ensenada, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Grant N Burcham
- Heeke Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, Dubois, IN.,Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | | | - Theresa A Guise
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; and
| | - Timothy L Ratliff
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.,Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; and.,Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
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13
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Arellano DL, Juárez P, Verdugo-Meza A, Almeida-Luna PS, Corral-Avila JA, Drescher F, Olvera F, Jiménez S, Elzey BD, Guise TA, Fournier PGJ. Bone Microenvironment-Suppressed T Cells Increase Osteoclast Formation and Osteolytic Bone Metastases in Mice. J Bone Miner Res 2022; 37:1446-1463. [PMID: 35635377 PMCID: PMC9543062 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapies use components of the immune system, such as T cells, to fight cancer cells, and are changing cancer treatment, causing durable responses in some patients. Bone metastases are a debilitating complication in advanced breast and prostate cancer patients. Approved treatments fail to cure bone metastases or increase patient survival and it remains unclear whether immunotherapy could benefit patients. The bone microenvironment combines various immunosuppressive factors, and combined with T cell products could increase bone resorption fueling the vicious cycle of bone metastases. Using syngeneic mouse models, our study revealed that bone metastases from 4T1 breast cancer contain tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TILs) and their development is increased in normal mice compared to immunodeficient and T-cell depleted mice. This effect seemed caused by the TILs specifically in bone, because T-cell depletion increased 4T1 orthotopic tumors and did not affect bone metastases from RM-1 prostate cancer cells, which lack TILs. T cells increased osteoclast formation ex vivo and in vivo contributing to bone metastasis vicious cycle. This pro-osteoclastic effect is specific to unactivated T cells, because activated T cells, secreting interferon γ (IFNγ) and interleukin 4 (IL-4), actually suppressed osteoclastogenesis, which could benefit patients. However, non-activated T cells from bone metastases could not be activated in ex vivo cultures. 4T1 bone metastases were associated with an increase of functional polymorphonuclear and monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), potent T-cell suppressors. Although effective in other models, sildenafil and zoledronic acid did not affect MDSCs in bone metastases. Seeking other therapeutic targets, we found that monocytic MDSCs are more potent suppressors than polymorphonuclear MDSCs, expressing programmed cell death receptor-1 ligand (PD-L1)+ in bone, which could trigger T-cell suppression because 70% express its receptor, programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-1). Collectively, our findings identified a new mechanism by which suppressed T cells increase osteoclastogenesis and bone metastases. Our results also provide a rationale for using immunotherapy because T-cell activation would increase their anti-cancer and their anti-osteoclastic properties. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Danna L Arellano
- Biomedical Innovation Department, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada.,Posgrado en Ciencias de la Vida, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada, Mexico
| | - Patricia Juárez
- Biomedical Innovation Department, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada.,Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Andrea Verdugo-Meza
- Biomedical Innovation Department, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada.,Posgrado en Ciencias de la Vida, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada, Mexico
| | - Paloma S Almeida-Luna
- Biomedical Innovation Department, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada.,Posgrado en Ciencias de la Vida, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada, Mexico
| | - Juan A Corral-Avila
- Biomedical Innovation Department, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada.,Posgrado en Ciencias de la Vida, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada, Mexico
| | - Florian Drescher
- Biomedical Innovation Department, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada.,Posgrado en Ciencias de la Vida, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada, Mexico
| | - Felipe Olvera
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Samanta Jiménez
- Biomedical Innovation Department, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.,Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Theresa A Guise
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN.,Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormone Disorders, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Pierrick G J Fournier
- Biomedical Innovation Department, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada.,Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
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14
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Chang Y, Syahirah R, Wang X, Jin G, Torregrosa-Allen S, Elzey BD, Hummel SN, Wang T, Li C, Lian X, Deng Q, Broxmeyer HE, Bao X. Engineering chimeric antigen receptor neutrophils from human pluripotent stem cells for targeted cancer immunotherapy. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111128. [PMID: 35858579 PMCID: PMC9327527 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils, the most abundant white blood cells in circulation, are closely related to cancer development and progression. Healthy primary neutrophils present potent cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines through direct contact and via generation of reactive oxygen species. However, due to their short half-life and resistance to genetic modification, neutrophils have not yet been engineered with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) to enhance their antitumor cytotoxicity for targeted immunotherapy. Here, we genetically engineered human pluripotent stem cells with synthetic CARs and differentiated them into functional neutrophils by implementing a chemically defined platform. The resulting CAR neutrophils present superior and specific cytotoxicity against tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, we established a robust platform for massive production of CAR neutrophils, paving the way to myeloid cell-based therapeutic strategies that would boost current cancer-treatment approaches. Neutrophils are important innate immune cells that mediate both protumor and antitumor activities. Chang et al. genetically engineer human pluripotent stem cells to produce chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) neutrophils that display superior antitumor activities and improve survival in an in situ glioblastoma xenograft model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chang
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Ramizah Syahirah
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Xuepeng Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Gyuhyung Jin
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | | | - Bennett D Elzey
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Sydney N Hummel
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Tianqi Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Can Li
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Xiaojun Lian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - Qing Deng
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Hal E Broxmeyer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Xiaoping Bao
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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15
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Sarkar K, Torregrossa-Allen SE, Elzey BD, Narayanan S, Langer MP, Durm GA, Won YY. Effect of Paclitaxel Stereochemistry on X-ray-Triggered Release of Paclitaxel from CaWO 4/Paclitaxel-Coloaded PEG-PLA Nanoparticles. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:2776-2794. [PMID: 35834797 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
For many locally advanced tumors, the chemotherapy-radiotherapy (CT-RT) combination ("chemoradiation") is currently the standard of care. Intratumoral (IT) CT-based chemoradiation has the potential to overcome the limitations of conventional systemic CT-RT (side effects). For maximizing the benefits of IT CT-RT, our laboratory has previously developed a radiation-controlled drug release formulation, in which anticancer drug paclitaxel (PTX) and radioluminescent CaWO4 (CWO) nanoparticles (NPs) are co-encapsulated with poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactic acid) (PEG-PLA) block copolymers ("PEG-PLA/CWO/PTX NPs"). These PEG-PLA/CWO/PTX NPs enable radiation-controlled release of PTX and are capable of producing sustained therapeutic effects lasting for at least one month following a single IT injection. The present article focuses on discussing our recent finding about the effect of the stereochemical structure of PTX on the efficacy of this PEG-PLA/CWO/PTX NP formulation. Stereochemical differences in two different PTX compounds ("PTX-S" from Samyang Biopharmaceuticals and "PTX-B" from Biotang) were characterized by 2D heteronuclear/homonuclear NMR, Raman spectroscopy, and circular dichroism measurements. The difference in PTX stereochemistry was found to significantly influence their water solubility (WS); PTX-S (WS ≈ 4.69 μg/mL) is about 19 times more water soluble than PTX-B (WS ≈ 0.25 μg/mL). The two PTX compounds showed similar cancer cell-killing performances in vitro when used as free drugs. However, the subtle stereochemical difference significantly influenced their X-ray-triggered release kinetics from the PEG-PLA/CWO/PTX NPs; the more water-soluble PTX-S was released faster than the less water-soluble PTX-B. This difference was manifested in the IT pharmacokinetics and eventually in the survival percentages of test animals (mice) treated with PEG-PLA/CWO/PTX NPs + X-rays in an in vivo human tumor xenograft study; at short times (<1 month), concurrent PEG-PLA/CWO/PTX-S NPs produced a greater tumor-suppression effect, whereas PEG-PLA/CWO/PTX-B NPs had a longer-lasting radio-sensitizing effect. This study demonstrates the importance of the stereochemistry of a drug in a therapy based on a controlled release formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaustabh Sarkar
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | | | - Bennett D Elzey
- Purdue University Center of Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.,Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Sanjeev Narayanan
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Mark P Langer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Gregory A Durm
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - You-Yeon Won
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.,Purdue University Center of Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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16
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Chambers AM, Lupo KB, Wang J, Cao J, Utturkar S, Atallah Lanman N, Bernal-Crespo V, Jalal S, Pine SR, Toregrosa-Allen S, Elzey BD, Matosevic S. Engineered natural killer cells impede the immunometabolic CD73-adenosine axis in solid tumors. eLife 2022; 11:73699. [PMID: 35815945 PMCID: PMC9342955 DOI: 10.7554/elife.73699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunometabolic reprogramming due to adenosine produced by CD73 (encoded by the 5’-ectonucleotidase gene NT5E) is a recognized immunosuppressive mechanism contributing to immune evasion in solid tumors. Adenosine is not only known to contribute to tumor progression, but it has specific roles in driving dysfunction of immune cells, including natural killer (NK) cells. Here, we engineered human NK cells to directly target the CD73-adenosine axis by blocking the enzymatic activity of CD73. In doing so, the engineered NK cells not only impaired adenosinergic metabolism driven by the hypoxic uptake of ATP by cancer cells in a model of non-small-cell lung cancer, but also mediated killing of tumor cells due to the specific recognition of overexpressed CD73. This resulted in a ‘single agent’ immunotherapy that combines antibody specificity, blockade of purinergic signaling, and killing of targets mediated by NK cells. We also showed that CD73-targeted NK cells are potent in vivo and result in tumor arrest, while promoting NK cell infiltration into CD73+ tumors and enhancing intratumoral activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Marie Chambers
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University West Lafayette, West Lafayette, United States
| | - Kyle Byrnes Lupo
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University West Lafayette, West Lafayette, United States
| | - Jiao Wang
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University West Lafayette, West Lafayette, United States
| | - Jingming Cao
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University West Lafayette, West Lafayette, United States
| | - Sagar Utturkar
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University West Lafayette, West Lafayette, United States
| | - Nadia Atallah Lanman
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University West Lafayette, West Lafayette, United States
| | - Victor Bernal-Crespo
- Histology Research Laboratory, Purdue University West Lafayette, West Lafayette, United States
| | - Shadia Jalal
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, United States
| | - Sharon R Pine
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, United States
| | - Sandra Toregrosa-Allen
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University West Lafayette, West Lafayette, United States
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University West Lafayette, West Lafayette, United States
| | - Sandro Matosevic
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University West Lafayette, West Lafayette, United States
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17
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Sarkar K, Torresgrossa-Allen S, Langer MP, Durm G, Narayanan S, Elzey BD, Won YY. Abstract 304: Effect of paclitaxel stereochemistry on x-ray-triggered release of paclitaxel from CaWO4/paclitaxel-coloaded PEG-PLA nanoparticles. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the 8th most common cancer in the United States predominantly affecting people over 65 years of age with an increasing rate of incidence across the world. Current therapies for HNSCC include surgical resection, chemotherapy (CT), and radiotherapy (RT). For locally advanced/unresectable HNSCC, the CT-RT combination (“chemoradiation”) has been shown to be more effective than CT or RT alone, and is currently the standard of care. Intratumoral (IT) chemotherapy-based chemoradiation has the potential to overcome the limitations of conventional systemic CT-RT that severely affects a patient’s quality of life. For realization of maximum benefits from IT CT-RT, our team has developed a radiation-controlled drug release nanoparticle formulation (paclitaxel (PTX) and CaWO4 nanoparticles (CWO NPs) co-encapsulated within a capsule formed by poly(ethylene glycol)-poly (lactic acid) (PEG-PLA), named “PEG-PLA/CWO/PTX NPs”). This unique formulation releases PTX only when it is exposed to X-ray irradiation. We have previously reported that IT-administered PEG-PLA/CWO/PTX NPs stay within the tumor for at least a month, producing significant therapeutic effects in terms of tumor suppression and survival in mouse models of HNSCC. This work demonstrates the effect of PTX stereochemistry on radiation-controlled release of the drug from a nano polymer matrix system (PEG-PLA/CWO/PTX NPs). The stereoisomertic characteristics of PTX products from two different manufacturers (“PTX-S”, and “PTX-B”) were analyzed by Raman spectroscopy, circular dichroism and 2D HMQC/NOESY NMR measurements. In their unencapsulated (free) state, PTX-S and PTX-B were comparable in their ability to kill cancer cells in vitro. However, they were found to be significantly different in water solubility; PTX-S (water solubility ≈ 4.69 μg/mL) is about 19 times more water soluble than PTX-B (water solubility ≈ 0.25 μg/mL). This difference in water solubility was found to cause a large difference in X-ray-triggered release kinetics of the PTX loaded within the PEG-PLA/CWO/PTX NPs in both in vitro and in vivo environments; PTX-S is released from PEG-PLA/CWO NPs significantly faster upon X-ray irradiation than PTX-B. This difference in release kinetics produced an interesting difference in their time-dependent therapeutic effects; at short times (< 1 month), concurrent PEG-PLA/CWO/PTX-S NPs produced a greater tumor suppression effect; on the other hand, PEG-PLA/CWO/PTX-B NPs had a longer lasting radio-sensitizing effect. In summary, the stereoisomers of PTX exhibit significantly different PK characteristics when used with controlled release carriers, even though they are pharmacologically indistinguishable in their unformulated form.
Citation Format: Kaustabh Sarkar, Sandra Torresgrossa-Allen, Mark P. Langer, Gregory Durm, Sanjeev Narayanan, Bennett D. Elzey, You-Yeon Won. Effect of paclitaxel stereochemistry on x-ray-triggered release of paclitaxel from CaWO4/paclitaxel-coloaded PEG-PLA nanoparticles [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 304.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mark P. Langer
- 2Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Gregory Durm
- 2Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
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18
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Kershaw JC, Elzey BD, Guo XX, Kim KH. Piceatannol, a Dietary Polyphenol, Alleviates Adipose Tissue Loss in Pre-Clinical Model of Cancer-Associated Cachexia via Lipolysis Inhibition. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14112306. [PMID: 35684106 PMCID: PMC9183120 DOI: 10.3390/nu14112306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated cachexia (CAC) is the nutrition-independent loss of lean muscle and adipose tissues, and results in reduced chemotherapy effectiveness and increased mortality. Preventing adipose loss is considered a key target in the early stages of cachexia. Lipolysis is considered the central driver of adipose loss in CAC. We recently found that piceatannol, but not its analogue resveratrol, exhibits an inhibitory effect on lipolysis. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of piceatannol in cancer-associated lipolysis and cachexia-induced weight loss. Cancer cell-induced lipolysis in adipocytes was stimulated using cancer-conditioned media (CCM) or co-culture with human pancreatic cancer cells and the cachexia-associated cytokines TNF-α and interleukin-6 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. C26 colon carcinoma-bearing mice were modeled using CAC in vivo. Piceatannol reduced cancer-associated lipolysis by at least 50% in both CCM and cytokine-induced lipolysis in vitro. Further gene and protein analysis confirmed that piceatannol modulated the stability of lipolytic proteins. Moreover, piceatannol protected tumor-bearing mice against weight-loss in early stages of CAC largely through preserving adipose tissue, with no effect on survival. This study demonstrates the use of a dietary compound to preserve adipose in models of early stage CAC and provides groundwork for further investigation of piceatannol or piceatannol-rich foods as alternative medicine in the preservation of body fat mass and future CAC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan C. Kershaw
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
- Department of Public and Allied Health, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH 43403, USA
| | - Bennett D. Elzey
- Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
| | - Xiao-Xuan Guo
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Kee-Hong Kim
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
- Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-765-496-2330
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19
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Kim S, Fesenmeier DJ, Park S, Torregrosa-Allen SE, Elzey BD, Won YY. Pulmonary Pharmacokinetics of Polymer Lung Surfactants Following Pharyngeal Administration in Mice. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:2471-2484. [PMID: 35580262 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We have recently discovered that pulmonary administration of nanoparticles (micelles) formed by amphiphilic poly(styrene-block-ethylene glycol) (PS-PEG) block copolymers has the potential to treat a lung disorder involving lung surfactant (LS) dysfunction (called acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)), as PS-PEG nanoparticles are capable of reducing the surface tension of alveolar fluid, while they are resistant to deactivation caused by plasma proteins/inflammation products unlike natural LS. Herein, we report studies of the clearance pathways and kinetics of PS-PEG nanoparticles from the lung, which are essential for designing further preclinical IND-enabling studies. Using fluorescently labeled PS-PEG nanoparticles, we found that, following pharyngeal aspiration in mice, the retention of these nanoparticles in the lungs extends over 2 weeks, while their transport into other (secondary) organs is relatively insignificant. An analysis based on a multicompartmental pharmacokinetic model suggests a biphasic mechanism involving a fast mucociliary escalator process through the conducting airways and much slower alveolar clearance processes by the action of macrophages and also via direct translocation into the circulation. An excessive dose of PS-PEG nanoparticles led to prolonged retention in the lungs due to saturation of the alveolar clearance capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyoung Kim
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Daniel J Fesenmeier
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Sungwan Park
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Sandra E Torregrosa-Allen
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - You-Yeon Won
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.,Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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20
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Boycott C, Beetch M, Yang T, Lubecka K, Ma Y, Zhang J, Kurzava Kendall L, Ullmer M, Ramsey BS, Torregrosa-Allen S, Elzey BD, Cox A, Lanman NA, Hui A, Villanueva N, de Conti A, Huan T, Pogribny I, Stefanska B. Epigenetic aberrations of gene expression in a rat model of hepatocellular carcinoma. Epigenetics 2022; 17:1513-1534. [PMID: 35502615 PMCID: PMC9586690 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2022.2069386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is mostly triggered by environmental and life-style factors and may involve epigenetic aberrations. However, a comprehensive documentation of the link between the dysregulated epigenome, transcriptome, and liver carcinogenesis is lacking. In the present study, Fischer-344 rats were fed a choline-deficient (CDAA, cancer group) or choline-sufficient (CSAA, healthy group) L-amino acid-defined diet. At the end of 52 weeks, transcriptomic alterations in livers of rats with HCC tumours and healthy livers were investigated by RNA sequencing. DNA methylation and gene expression were assessed by pyrosequencing and quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR), respectively. We discovered 1,848 genes that were significantly differentially expressed in livers of rats with HCC tumours (CDAA) as compared with healthy livers (CSAA). Upregulated genes in the CDAA group were associated with cancer-related functions, whereas macronutrient metabolic processes were enriched by downregulated genes. Changes of highest magnitude were detected in numerous upregulated genes that govern key oncogenic signalling pathways, including Notch, Wnt, Hedgehog, and extracellular matrix degradation. We further detected perturbations in DNA methylating and demethylating enzymes, which was reflected in decreased global DNA methylation and increased global DNA hydroxymethylation. Four selected upregulated candidates, Mmp12, Jag1, Wnt4, and Smo, demonstrated promoter hypomethylation with the most profound decrease in Mmp12. MMP12 was also strongly overexpressed and hypomethylated in human HCC HepG2 cells as compared with primary hepatocytes, which coincided with binding of Ten-eleven translocation 1 (TET1). Our findings provide comprehensive evidence for gene expression changes and dysregulated epigenome in HCC pathogenesis, potentially revealing novel targets for HCC prevention/treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cayla Boycott
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Megan Beetch
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Tony Yang
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Katarzyna Lubecka
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Yuexi Ma
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jiaxi Zhang
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lucinda Kurzava Kendall
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, Indiana, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Ascension St. Vincent Hospital, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Melissa Ullmer
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Benjamin S Ramsey
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Sandra Torregrosa-Allen
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.,Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, Indiana, USA
| | - Abigail Cox
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, Indiana, USA
| | - Nadia Atallah Lanman
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.,Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, Indiana, USA
| | - Alisa Hui
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nathaniel Villanueva
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Aline de Conti
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, FDA-National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - Tao Huan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Igor Pogribny
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, FDA-National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - Barbara Stefanska
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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21
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Chang Y, Syahirah R, Oprescu SN, Wang X, Jung J, Cooper SH, Torregrosa-Allen S, Elzey BD, Hsu AY, Randolph LN, Sun Y, Kuang S, Broxmeyer HE, Deng Q, Lian X, Bao X. Chemically-defined generation of human hemogenic endothelium and definitive hematopoietic progenitor cells. Biomaterials 2022; 285:121569. [PMID: 35567999 PMCID: PMC10065832 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which arise from aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM), are widely used to treat blood diseases and cancers. However, a technique for their robust generation in vitro is still missing. Here we show temporal manipulation of Wnt signaling is sufficient and essential to induce AGM-like hematopoiesis from human pluripotent stem cells. TGFβ inhibition at the stage of aorta-like SOX17+CD235a- hemogenic endothelium yielded AGM-like hematopoietic progenitors, which closely resembled primary cord blood HSCs at the transcriptional level and contained diverse lineage-primed progenitor populations via single cell RNA-sequencing analysis. Notably, the resulting definitive cells presented lymphoid and myeloid potential in vitro; and could home to a definitive hematopoietic site in zebrafish and rescue bloodless zebrafish after transplantation. Engraftment and multilineage repopulating activities were also observed in mouse recipients. Together, our work provided a chemically-defined and feeder-free culture platform for scalable generation of AGM-like hematopoietic progenitor cells, leading to enhanced production of functional blood and immune cells for various therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chang
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Ramizah Syahirah
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Stephanie N Oprescu
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Xuepeng Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Juhyung Jung
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Scott H Cooper
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | | | - Bennett D Elzey
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Alan Y Hsu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Lauren N Randolph
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Biology, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Yufei Sun
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Shihuan Kuang
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Hal E Broxmeyer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Qing Deng
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Xiaojun Lian
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Biology, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
| | - Xiaoping Bao
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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22
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Owens JL, Beketova E, Liu S, Shen Q, Pawar JS, Asberry AM, Yang J, Deng X, Elzey BD, Ratliff TL, Cheng L, Choo CR, Citrin DE, Polascik TJ, Wang B, Huang J, Li C, Wan J, Hu CD. Targeting protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) suppresses radiation-induced neuroendocrine differentiation and sensitizes prostate cancer cells to radiation. Mol Cancer Ther 2022; 21:448-459. [PMID: 35027481 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer death among American men. Radiation therapy (RT) is a potentially curative treatment for localized prostate cancer, and failure to control localized disease contributes to the majority of prostate cancer deaths. Neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) in prostate cancer, a process by which prostate adenocarcinoma cells transdifferentiate into neuroendocrine-like (NE-like) cells, is an emerging mechanism of resistance to cancer therapies and contributes to disease progression. NED also occurs in response to treatment to promote the development of treatment-induced neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC), a highly-aggressive and terminal stage disease. We previously demonstrated that by mimicking clinical RT protocol, fractionated ionizing radiation (FIR) induces prostate cancer cells to undergo NED in vitro and in vivo. Here, we performed transcriptomic analysis and confirmed that FIR-induced NE-like cells share some features of clinical NEPC, suggesting that FIR-induced NED represents a clinically-relevant model. Further, we demonstrated that protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), a master epigenetic regulator of the DNA damage response and a putative oncogene in prostate cancer, along with its cofactors pICln and MEP50, mediate FIR-induced NED. Knockdown of PRMT5, pICln, or MEP50 during FIR-inhibited NED sensitized prostate cancer cells to radiation. Significantly, PRMT5 knockdown in prostate cancer xenograft tumors in mice during FIR prevented NED, enhanced tumor killing, significantly reduced and delayed tumor recurrence, and prolonged overall survival. Collectively, our results demonstrate that PRMT5 promotes FIR-induced NED and suggests that targeting PRMT5 may be a novel and effective radiosensitization approach for prostate cancer RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake L Owens
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University West Lafayette
| | - Elena Beketova
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University West Lafayette
| | - Sheng Liu
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Qi Shen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University West Lafayette
| | - Jogendra Singh Pawar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University West Lafayette
| | - Andrew M Asberry
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University West Lafayette
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University West Lafayette
| | - Xuehong Deng
- Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacolog, Purdue University West Lafayette
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University West Lafayette
| | - Timothy L Ratliff
- Comparative Pathobiology and the Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University West Lafayette
| | - Liang Cheng
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | | | | | | | - Bangchen Wang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine
| | - Jiaoti Huang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine
| | | | - Jun Wan
- Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Chang-Deng Hu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University West Lafayette
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23
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Morato NM, Hallett JE, Wang WH, Elzey BD, Cresswell GM, Cooper BR, Ferreira CR. Changes in Lipid Profile and SOX-2 Expression in RM-1 Cells after Co-Culture with Preimplantation Embryos or with Deproteinated Blastocyst Extracts. Mol Omics 2022; 18:480-489. [PMID: 35506630 DOI: 10.1039/d2mo00071g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The embryonic environment can modify cancer cell metabolism, and it is reported to induce the loss of tumorigenic properties and even affect the differentiation of cancer cells into normal tissues....
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás M Morato
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Analytical Instrumentation Development, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Judy E Hallett
- Transgenic and Genome Editing Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Wen-Hung Wang
- Gene Editing Core, Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- Department of Comparative Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Gregory M Cresswell
- Department of Comparative Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Bruce R Cooper
- Metabolite Profiling Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Christina R Ferreira
- Metabolite Profiling Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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24
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Wang J, Toregrosa-Allen S, Elzey BD, Utturkar S, Lanman NA, Bernal-Crespo V, Behymer MM, Knipp GT, Yun Y, Veronesi MC, Sinn AL, Pollok KE, Brutkiewicz RR, Nevel KS, Matosevic S. Multispecific targeting of glioblastoma with tumor microenvironment-responsive multifunctional engineered NK cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2107507118. [PMID: 34740973 PMCID: PMC8609337 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2107507118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor antigen heterogeneity, a severely immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and lymphopenia resulting in inadequate immune intratumoral trafficking, have rendered glioblastoma (GBM) highly resistant to therapy. To address these obstacles, here we describe a unique, sophisticated combinatorial platform for GBM: a cooperative multifunctional immunotherapy based on genetically engineered human natural killer (NK) cells bearing multiple antitumor functions including local tumor responsiveness that addresses key drivers of GBM resistance to therapy: antigen escape, immunometabolic reprogramming of immune responses, and poor immune cell homing. We engineered dual-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) NK cells to bear a third functional moiety that is activated in the GBM TME and addresses immunometabolic suppression of NK cell function: a tumor-specific, locally released antibody fragment which can inhibit the activity of CD73 independently of CAR signaling and decrease the local concentration of adenosine. The multifunctional human NK cells targeted patient-derived GBM xenografts, demonstrated local tumor site-specific activity in the tissue, and potently suppressed adenosine production. We also unveil a complex reorganization of the immunological profile of GBM induced by inhibiting autophagy. Pharmacologic impairment of the autophagic process not only sensitized GBM to antigenic targeting by NK cells but promoted a chemotactic profile favorable to NK infiltration. Taken together, our study demonstrates a promising NK cell-based combinatorial strategy that can target multiple clinically recognized mechanisms of GBM progression simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | | | - Bennett D Elzey
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Sagar Utturkar
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Nadia Atallah Lanman
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Victor Bernal-Crespo
- Histology Research Laboratory, Center for Comparative Translational Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Matthew M Behymer
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Gregory T Knipp
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Yeonhee Yun
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Michael C Veronesi
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Anthony L Sinn
- In Vivo Therapeutics Core, Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Karen E Pollok
- In Vivo Therapeutics Core, Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Randy R Brutkiewicz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Kathryn S Nevel
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Sandro Matosevic
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907;
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
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25
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Dayal N, Řezníčková E, Hernandez DE, Peřina M, Torregrosa-Allen S, Elzey BD, Škerlová J, Ajani H, Djukic S, Vojáčková V, Lepšík M, Řezáčová P, Kryštof V, Jorda R, Sintim HO. 3 H-Pyrazolo[4,3- f]quinoline-Based Kinase Inhibitors Inhibit the Proliferation of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells In Vivo. J Med Chem 2021; 64:10981-10996. [PMID: 34288692 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The 3H-pyrazolo[4,3-f]quinoline moiety has been recently shown to be a privileged kinase inhibitor core with potent activities against acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines in vitro. Herein, various 3H-pyrazolo[4,3-f]quinoline-containing compounds were rapidly assembled via the Doebner-Povarov multicomponent reaction from the readily available 5-aminoindazole, ketones, and heteroaromatic aldehydes in good yields. The most active compounds potently inhibit the recombinant FLT3 kinase and its mutant forms with nanomolar IC50 values. Docking studies with the FLT3 kinase showed a type I binding mode, where the 3H-pyrazolo group interacts with Cys694 in the hinge region. The compounds blocked the proliferation of AML cell lines harboring oncogenic FLT3-ITD mutations with remarkable IC50 values, which were comparable to the approved FLT3 inhibitor quizartinib. The compounds also inhibited the growth of leukemia in a mouse-disseminated AML model, and hence, the novel 3H-pyrazolo[4,3-f]quinoline-containing kinase inhibitors are potential lead compounds to develop into anticancer agents, especially for kinase-driven cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Dayal
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Eva Řezníčková
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic
| | - Delmis E Hernandez
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Miroslav Peřina
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic
| | - Sandra Torregrosa-Allen
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.,Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jana Škerlová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Nám. 2, Prague 16610, Czech Republic.,Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Haresh Ajani
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Nám. 2, Prague 16610, Czech Republic
| | - Stefan Djukic
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Nám. 2, Prague 16610, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Vojáčková
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Lepšík
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Nám. 2, Prague 16610, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlína Řezáčová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Nám. 2, Prague 16610, Czech Republic.,Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Kryštof
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Jorda
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic
| | - Herman O Sintim
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.,Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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26
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Cresswell GM, Wang B, Kischuk EM, Broman MM, Alfar RA, Vickman RE, Dimitrov DS, Kularatne SA, Sundaram CP, Singhal S, Eruslanov EB, Crist SA, Elzey BD, Ratliff TL, Low PS. Folate Receptor Beta Designates Immunosuppressive Tumor-Associated Myeloid Cells That Can Be Reprogrammed with Folate-Targeted Drugs. Cancer Res 2021; 81:671-684. [PMID: 33203700 PMCID: PMC10987201 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-1414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although immunotherapies of tumors have demonstrated promise for altering the progression of malignancies, immunotherapies have been limited by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) that prevents infiltrating immune cells from performing their anticancer functions. Prominent among immunosuppressive cells are myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) that inhibit T cells via release of immunosuppressive cytokines and engagement of checkpoint receptors. Here, we explore the properties of MDSCs and TAMs from freshly isolated mouse and human tumors and find that an immunosuppressive subset of these cells can be distinguished from the nonimmunosuppressive population by its upregulation of folate receptor beta (FRβ) within the TME and its restriction to the TME. This FRβ+ subpopulation could be selectively targeted with folate-linked drugs. Delivery of a folate-targeted TLR7 agonist to these cells (i) reduced their immunosuppressive function, (ii) increased CD8+ T-cell infiltration, (iii) enhanced M1/M2 macrophage ratios, (iv) inhibited tumor growth, (v) blocked tumor metastasis, and (vi) improved overall survival without demonstrable toxicity. These data reveal a broadly applicable strategy across tumor types for reprogramming MDSCs and TAMs into antitumorigenic immune cells using a drug that would otherwise be too toxic to administer systemically. The data also establish FRβ as the first marker that distinguishes immunosuppressive from nonimmunosuppressive subsets of MDSCs and TAMs. Because all solid tumors accumulate MDSCs and TAMs, a general strategy to both identify and reprogram these cells should be broadly applied in the characterization and treatment of multiple tumors. SIGNIFICANCE: FRβ serves as both a means to identify and target MDSCs and TAMs within the tumor, allowing for delivery of immunomodulatory compounds to tumor myeloid cells in a variety of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bingbing Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Erin M Kischuk
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | | | - Rami A Alfar
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Renee E Vickman
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Dimiter S Dimitrov
- Center for Antibody Therapeutics, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Sunil Singhal
- Perelman School of Medicine, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Evgeniy B Eruslanov
- Perelman School of Medicine, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Scott A Crist
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, West Lafayette, Indiana
- Department of Urology, IU School of Medicine, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Timothy L Ratliff
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, West Lafayette, Indiana.
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Philip S Low
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
- Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
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27
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Schweickert PG, Yang Y, White EE, Cresswell GM, Elzey BD, Ratliff TL, Arumugam P, Antoniak S, Mackman N, Flick MJ, Konieczny SF. Thrombin-PAR1 signaling in pancreatic cancer promotes an immunosuppressive microenvironment. J Thromb Haemost 2021; 19:161-172. [PMID: 33064371 PMCID: PMC7790967 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Essentials Elimination of PDAC tumor cell PAR1 increased cytotoxic T cells and reduced tumor macrophages. PAR1KO PDAC cells are preferentially eliminated from growing tumors. Thrombin-PAR1 signaling in PDAC tumor cells drives an immunosuppressive gene signature. Csf2 and Ptgs2 are thrombin-PAR1 downstream immune suppressor genes in PDAC tumor cells. ABSTRACT: Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by a prothrombotic state and a lack of host antitumor immune responsiveness. Linking these two key features, we previously demonstrated that tumor-derived coagulation activity promotes immune evasion. Specifically, thrombin-protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR1) signaling in mouse PDAC cells drives tumor growth by evading cytotoxic CD8a+ cells. Methods Syngeneic mixed cell tumor growth, transcriptional analyses, and functional tests of immunosuppressive response genes were used to identify cellular and molecular immune evasion mechanisms mediated by thrombin-PAR-1 signaling in mouse PDAC tumor cells. Results Elimination of tumor cell PAR1 in syngeneic graft studies increased cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) infiltration and decreased tumor-associated macrophages in the tumor microenvironment. Co-injection of PAR1-expressing and PAR1-knockout (PAR-1KO ) tumor cells into immunocompetent mice resulted in preferential elimination of PAR-1KO cells from developing tumors, suggesting that PAR1-dependent immune evasion is not reliant on CTL exclusion. Transcriptomics analyses revealed no PAR1-dependent changes in the expression of immune checkpoint proteins and no difference in major histocompatibility complex-I cell surface expression. Importantly, thrombin-PAR1 signaling in PDAC cells upregulated genes linked to immunosuppression, including Csf2 and Ptgs2. Functional analyses confirmed that both Csf2 and Ptgs2 are critical for PDAC syngeneic graft tumor growth and overexpression of each factor partially restored tumor growth of PAR1KO cells in immunocompetent mice. Conclusions Our results provide novel insight into the mechanisms of a previously unrecognized pathway coupling coagulation to PDAC immune evasion by identifying PAR1-dependent changes in the tumor microenvironment, a PAR1-driven immunosuppressive gene signature, and Csf2 and Ptgs2 as critical PAR1 downstream targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick G. Schweickert
- Purdue University, Department of Biological Sciences and
the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Yi Yang
- University of North Carolina, Department of Pathology and
Laboratory Medicine, the Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, and the UNC Blood
Research Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Emily E. White
- Purdue University, Department of Biological Sciences and
the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Gregory M. Cresswell
- Purdue University, Department of Comparative Pathobiology
and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Bennett D. Elzey
- Purdue University, Department of Comparative Pathobiology
and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Timothy L. Ratliff
- Purdue University, Department of Comparative Pathobiology
and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Paritha Arumugam
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center,
Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Silvio Antoniak
- University of North Carolina, Department of Pathology and
Laboratory Medicine, the Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, and the UNC Blood
Research Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nigel Mackman
- University of North Carolina, Department of Medicine and
the UNC Blood Research Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Matthew J. Flick
- University of North Carolina, Department of Pathology and
Laboratory Medicine, the Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, and the UNC Blood
Research Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Stephen F. Konieczny
- Purdue University, Department of Biological Sciences and
the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
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28
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Alpsoy A, Utturkar SM, Carter BC, Dhiman A, Torregrosa-Allen SE, Currie MP, Elzey BD, Dykhuizen EC. BRD9 Is a Critical Regulator of Androgen Receptor Signaling and Prostate Cancer Progression. Cancer Res 2020; 81:820-833. [PMID: 33355184 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-1417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Switch/sucrose-nonfermentable (SWI/SNF) chromatin-remodeling complexes are critical regulators of chromatin dynamics during transcription, DNA replication, and DNA repair. A recently identified SWI/SNF subcomplex termed GLTSCR1/1L-BAF (GBAF; or "noncanonical BAF", ncBAF) uniquely contains bromodomain-containing protein BRD9 and glioma tumor suppressor candidate region 1 (GLTSCR1) or its paralog GLTSCR1-like (GLTSCR1L). Recent studies have identified a unique dependency on GBAF (ncBAF) complexes in synovial sarcoma and malignant rhabdoid tumors, both of which possess aberrations in canonical BAF (cBAF) and Polybromo-BAF (PBAF) complexes. Dependencies on GBAF in malignancies without SWI/SNF aberrations, however, are less defined. Here, we show that GBAF, particularly its BRD9 subunit, is required for the viability of prostate cancer cell lines in vitro and for optimal xenograft tumor growth in vivo. BRD9 interacts with androgen receptor (AR) and CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF), and modulates AR-dependent gene expression. The GBAF complex exhibits overlapping genome localization and transcriptional targets as bromodomain and extraterminal domain-containing (BET) proteins, which are established AR coregulators. Our results demonstrate that GBAF is critical for coordinating SWI/SNF-BET cooperation and uncover a new druggable target for AR-positive prostate cancers, including those resistant to androgen deprivation or antiandrogen therapies. SIGNIFICANCE: Advanced prostate cancers resistant to androgen receptor antagonists are still susceptible to nontoxic BRD9 inhibitors, making them a promising alternative for halting AR signaling in progressed disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aktan Alpsoy
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Sagar M Utturkar
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Benjamin C Carter
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Alisha Dhiman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Sandra E Torregrosa-Allen
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.,Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Melanie P Currie
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.,Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.,Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Emily C Dykhuizen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana. .,Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
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29
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Beketova E, Fang S, Owens JL, Liu S, Chen X, Zhang Q, Asberry AM, Deng X, Malola J, Huang J, Li C, Pili R, Elzey BD, Ratliff TL, Wan J, Hu CD. Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Promotes pICln-Dependent Androgen Receptor Transcription in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Cancer Res 2020; 80:4904-4917. [PMID: 32999000 PMCID: PMC7669631 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-1228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The majority of advanced prostate cancer therapies aim to inhibit androgen receptor (AR) signaling. However, AR reactivation inevitably drives disease progression to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Here we demonstrate that protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) functions as an epigenetic activator of AR transcription in CRPC, requiring cooperation with a methylosome subunit pICln. In vitro and in xenograft tumors in mice, targeting PRMT5 or pICln suppressed growth of CRPC cells. Full-length AR and AR-V7 transcription activation required both PRMT5 and pICln but not MEP50. This activation of transcription was accompanied by PRMT5-mediated symmetric dimethylation of H4R3 at the proximal AR promoter. Further, knockdown of PRMT5 abolished the binding of pICln (but not vice versa) to the AR proximal promoter region, suggesting that PRMT5 recruits pICln to the AR promoter to activate AR transcription. Differential gene expression analysis in 22Rv1 cells confirmed that PRMT5 and pICln both regulate the androgen signaling pathway. In addition, PRMT5 and pICln protein expression positively correlated with AR and AR-V7 protein expression in CRPC tissues and their expression was highly correlated at the mRNA level across multiple publicly available CRPC datasets. Our results suggest that targeting PRMT5 or pICln may be explored as a novel therapy for CRPC treatment by suppressing expression of AR and AR splice variants to circumvent AR reactivation. SIGNIFICANCE: This study provides evidence that targeting PRMT5 can eliminate expression of AR and can be explored as a novel therapeutic approach to treat metastatic hormone-naïve and castration-resistant prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Beketova
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.,Purdue University Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Graduate Program, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Shuyi Fang
- Department of BioHealth Informatics, Indiana University School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Jake L Owens
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Sheng Liu
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,The Indiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Xufeng Chen
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Caroline
| | - Qingfu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Caroline
| | - Andrew M Asberry
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.,Purdue University Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Graduate Program, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Xuehong Deng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Jonathan Malola
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Jiaoti Huang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Caroline
| | - Chenglong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida College of Pharmacy, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Roberto Pili
- Department of Medical Oncology, Indiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.,Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Timothy L Ratliff
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.,Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Jun Wan
- Department of BioHealth Informatics, Indiana University School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana. .,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,The Indiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana.,The Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Chang-Deng Hu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana. .,Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
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30
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Moon HR, Ozcelikkale A, Yang Y, Elzey BD, Konieczny SF, Han B. An engineered pancreatic cancer model with intra-tumoral heterogeneity of driver mutations. Lab Chip 2020; 20:3720-3732. [PMID: 32909573 PMCID: PMC9178523 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00707b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a complex disease with significant intra-tumoral heterogeneity (ITH). Currently, no reliable PDAC tumor model is available that can present ITH profiles in a controlled manner. We develop an in vitro microfluidic tumor model mimicking the heterogeneous accumulation of key driver mutations of human PDAC using cancer cells derived from genetically engineered mouse models. These murine pancreatic cancer cell lines have KPC (Kras and Trp53 mutations) and KIC genotypes (Kras mutation and Cdkn2a deletion). Also, the KIC genotypes have two distinct phenotypes - mesenchymal or epithelial. The tumor model mimics the ITH of human PDAC to study the effects of ITH on the gemcitabine response. The results show gemcitabine resistance induced by ITH. Remarkably, it shows that cancer cell-cell interactions induce the gemcitabine resistance potentially through epithelial-mesenchymal-transition. The tumor model can provide a useful testbed to study interaction mechanisms between heterogeneous cancer cell subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Ran Moon
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
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31
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Pizzuti VJ, Viswanath D, Torregrosa-Allen SE, Currie MP, Elzey BD, Won YY. Bilirubin-Coated Radioluminescent Particles for Radiation-Induced Photodynamic Therapy. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2020; 3:4858-4872. [PMID: 35021730 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo J. Pizzuti
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Dhushyanth Viswanath
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Sandra E. Torregrosa-Allen
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Melanie P. Currie
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Bennett D. Elzey
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - You-Yeon Won
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
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32
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Moon HR, Ospina-Muñoz N, Noe-Kim V, Yang Y, Elzey BD, Konieczny SF, Han B. Subtype-specific characterization of breast cancer invasion using a microfluidic tumor platform. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234012. [PMID: 32544183 PMCID: PMC7297326 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding progression of breast cancers to invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) can significantly improve breast cancer treatments. However, it is still difficult to identify genetic signatures and the role of tumor microenvironment to distinguish pathological stages of pre-invasive lesion and IDC. Presence of multiple subtypes of breast cancers makes the assessment more challenging. In this study, an in-vitro microfluidic assay was developed to quantitatively assess the subtype-specific invasion potential of breast cancers. The developed assay is a microfluidic platform in which a ductal structure of epithelial cancer cells is surrounded with a three-dimensional (3D) collagen matrix. In the developed platform, two triple negative cancer subtypes (MDA-MB-231 and SUM-159PT) invaded into the surrounding matrix but the luminal A subtype, MCF-7, did not. Among invasive subtypes, SUM-159PT cells showed significantly higher invasion and degradation of the surrounding matrix than MDA-MB-231. Interestingly, the cells cultured on the platform expressed higher levels of CD24 than in their conventional 2D cultures. This microfluidic platform may be a useful tool to characterize and predict invasive potential of breast cancer subtypes or patient-derived cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-ran Moon
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
| | - Natalia Ospina-Muñoz
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Group, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá D.C, Colombia
| | - Victoria Noe-Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Biological Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
| | - Bennett D. Elzey
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
- Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
| | - Stephen F. Konieczny
- Department of Biological Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
- Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
| | - Bumsoo Han
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
- Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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33
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Fleet JC, Burcham GN, Calvert RD, Elzey BD, Ratliff TL. 1α, 25 Dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH) 2D) inhibits the T cell suppressive function of myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC). J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 198:105557. [PMID: 31783150 PMCID: PMC8041088 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.105557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC) suppress the ability of cytotoxic T cells to attack and clear tumor cells from the body. The active form of vitamin D, 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D), regulates myeloid cell biology and previous research showed that in mouse models 1,25(OH)2D reduced the tumor level of CD34+ cells, an MDSC precursor, and reduced metastasis. We tested whether MDSC are vitamin D target cells by examining granulocytic- (G-MDSC) and monocytic (M-MDSC) MDSC from tumors, spleen, and bone marrow. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) mRNA levels are low in MDSC from bone marrow and spleen but are 20-fold higher in tumor MDSC. At all sites, M-MDSC have 4-fold higher VDR mRNA expression than G-MDSC. Bone marrow MDSC were induced to differentiate in vitro into tumor MDSC-like cells by treating with IFN-γ, IL-13, and GM-CSF for 48 h. This treatment significantly elevated Arg1 and Nos2 levels, activated the T cell-suppressive function of MDSC, increased VDR expression 50-fold, and made the MDSC responsive to 1,25(OH)2D treatment. Importantly, 1,25(OH)2D treatment reduced the T cell suppressive capacity of cytokine-induced total MDSC and M-MDSC by ≥70 % and tumor-derived M-MDSC by 30-50 %. Consistent with this finding, VDR deletion (KO) increased T cell suppressive function of in vitro M-MDSC by 30 % and of tumor-derived M-MDSC by 50 % and G-MDSC by 400 %. VDR KO did not alter Nos2 mRNA levels but significantly increased Arg1 mRNA levels in tumor M-MDSC by 100 %. In contrast, 1,25(OH)2D treatment reduced nitric oxide production in both in vitro derived M- and G- MDSC. The major finding of this study is that 1,25(OH)2D signaling through the VDR decreases the immunosuppressive capability of MDSC. Collectively, our data suggest that activation of vitamin D signaling could be used to suppress MDSC function and release a constraint on T-cell mediated clearance of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Fleet
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States; Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.
| | - G N Burcham
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - R D Calvert
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - B D Elzey
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States; Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - T L Ratliff
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States; Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
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34
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Jack S, Madhivanan K, Ramadesikan S, Subramanian S, Edwards DF, Elzey BD, Dhawan D, McCluskey A, Kischuk EM, Loftis AR, Truex N, Santos M, Lu M, Rabideau A, Pentelute B, Collier J, Kaimakliotis H, Koch M, Ratliff TL, Knapp DW, Aguilar RC. A novel, safe, fast and efficient treatment for Her2-positive and negative bladder cancer utilizing an EGF-anthrax toxin chimera. Int J Cancer 2019; 146:449-460. [PMID: 31584195 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the sixth most common cancer in the United States, and it exhibits an alarming 70% recurrence rate. Thus, the development of more efficient antibladder cancer approaches is a high priority. Accordingly, this work provides the basis for a transformative anticancer strategy that takes advantage of the unique characteristics of the bladder. Unlike mucin-shielded normal bladder cells, cancer cells are exposed to the bladder lumen and overexpress EGFR. Therefore, we used an EGF-conjugated anthrax toxin that after targeting EGFR was internalized and triggered apoptosis in exposed bladder cancer cells. This unique agent presented advantages over other EGF-based technologies and other toxin-derivatives. In contrast to known agents, this EGF-toxin conjugate promoted its own uptake via receptor microclustering even in the presence of Her2 and induced cell death with a LC50 < 1 nM. Furthermore, our data showed that exposures as short as ≈3 min were enough to commit human (T24), mouse (MB49) and canine (primary) bladder cancer cells to apoptosis. Exposure of tumor-free mice and dogs with the agent resulted in no toxicity. In addition, the EGF-toxin was able to eliminate cells from human patient tumor samples. Importantly, the administration of EGF-toxin to dogs with spontaneous bladder cancer, who had failed or were not eligible for other therapies, resulted in ~30% average tumor reduction after one treatment cycle. Because of its in vitro and in vivo high efficiency, fast action (reducing treatment time from hours to minutes) and safety, we propose that this EGF-anthrax toxin conjugate provides the basis for new, transformative approaches against bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherwin Jack
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN.,Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Kayalvizhi Madhivanan
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN.,Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Swetha Ramadesikan
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN.,Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Sneha Subramanian
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN.,Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Daniel F Edwards
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN.,Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN.,Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.,Department of Urology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Deepika Dhawan
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | | | - Erin M Kischuk
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN.,Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Alexander R Loftis
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Nicholas Truex
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Michael Santos
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Mike Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Amy Rabideau
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Bradley Pentelute
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA.,Koch Institute MIT, Cambridge, MA.,Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA.,Center for Environmental Health Sciences MIT, Cambridge, MA
| | - John Collier
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Michael Koch
- Department of Urology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Timothy L Ratliff
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN.,Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Deborah W Knapp
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Ruben C Aguilar
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN.,Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
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Pizzuti VJ, Misra R, Lee J, Torregrosa-Allen SE, Currie MP, Clark SR, Patel AP, Schorr CR, Jones-Hall Y, Childress MO, Plantenga JM, Rancilio NJ, Elzey BD, Won YY. Folic Acid-Conjugated Radioluminescent Calcium Tungstate Nanoparticles as Radio-Sensitizers for Cancer Radiotherapy. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:4776-4789. [PMID: 33448820 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Radiation therapy is a primary treatment modality for many forms of cancer. Normally, the highest tolerable dose of ionizing radiation is used to treat tumors, but limitations imposed by normal tissue complications present challenges for local tumor control. In light of this, a class of compounds called radio-sensitizers have been developed to enhance the effectiveness of radiation. Many of these are small molecule drugs found to interact favorably with radiation therapy, but recent advances have been made using nanoparticles as radio-sensitizers. Herein, we report the utilization of radio-luminescent calcium tungstate nanoparticles that emit photoelectrons, UV-A, and visible light during X-ray irradiation, acting as effective radio-sensitizers ("Radio Luminescence Therapy"). In addition, a folic acid-functionalized form of these nanoparticles was shown to enhance radio-sensitization in vitro and in murine models of head and neck cancer. Folic acid-functionalized particles were found to decrease UV-A-induced clonogenic cell survival relative to nonfunctionalized particles. Several possible mechanisms were explored, and the folic acid-functionalized particles were found to mediate this increase in efficacy likely by activating pro-proliferative signaling through folate's innate mitogenic activity, leading to decreased repair of UV-A-induced DNA lesions. Finally, a clinical case study of a canine sarcoma patient demonstrated the initial safety and feasibility of translating these folic acid-functionalized particles into the clinic as radio-sensitizers in the treatment of spontaneous tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nicholas J Rancilio
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Auburn University, 1010 Wire Road, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
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36
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Misra R, Sarkar K, Lee J, Pizzuti VJ, Lee DS, Currie MP, Torregrosa-Allen SE, Long DE, Durm GA, Langer MP, Elzey BD, Won YY. Radioluminescent nanoparticles for radiation-controlled release of drugs. J Control Release 2019; 303:237-252. [PMID: 31026550 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The present work demonstrates a novel concept for intratumoral chemo-radio combination therapy for locally advanced solid tumors. For some locally advanced tumors, chemoradiation is currently standard of care. This combination treatment can cause acute and long term toxicity that can limit its use in older patients or those with multiple medical comorbidities. Intratumoral chemotherapy has the potential to address the problem of systemic toxicity that conventional chemotherapy suffers, and may, in our view, be a better strategy for treating certain locally advanced tumors. The present study proposes how intratumoral chemoradiation can be best implemented. The enabling concept is the use of a new chemotherapeutic formulation in which chemotherapy drugs (e.g., paclitaxel (PTX)) are co-encapsulated with radioluminecsnt nanoparticles (e.g., CaWO4 (CWO) nanoparticles (NPs)) within protective capsules formed by biocompatible/biodegradable polymers (e.g., poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactic acid) or PEG-PLA). This drug-loaded polymer-encapsulated radioluminescent nanoparticle system can be locally injected in solution form into the patient's tumor before the patient receives normal radiotherapy (e.g., 30-40 fractions of 2-3 Gy daily X-ray dose delivered over several weeks for locally advanced head and neck tumors). Under X-ray irradiation, the radioluminescent nanoparticles produce UV-A light that has a radio-sensitizing effect. These co-encapsulated radioluminescent nanoparticles also enable radiation-triggered release of chemo drugs from the polymer coating layer. The non-toxic nature (absence of dark toxicity) of this drug-loaded polymer-encapsulated radioluminescent nanoparticle ("PEG-PLA/CWO/PTX") formulation was confirmed by the MTT assay in cancer cell cultures. A clonogenic cell survival assay confirmed that these drug-loaded polymer-encapsulated radioluminescent nanoparticles significantly enhance the cancer cell killing effect of radiation therapy. In vivo study validated the efficacy of PEG-PLA/CWO/PTX-based intratumoral chemo-radio therapy in mouse tumor xenografts (in terms of tumor response and mouse survival). Results of a small-scale NP biodistribution (BD) study demonstrate that PEG-PLA/CWO/PTX NPs remained at the tumor sites for a long period of time (> 1 month) following direct intratumoral administration. A multi-compartmental pharmacokinetic model (with rate constants estimated from in vitro experiments) predicts that this radiation-controlled drug release technology enables significant improvements in the level and duration of drug availability within the tumor (throughout the typical length of radiation treatment, i.e., > 1 month) over conventional delivery systems (e.g., PEG-PLA micelles with no co-encapsulated CaWO4, or an organic liquid, e.g., a 50:50 mixture of Cremophor EL and ethanol, as in Taxol), while it is capable of maintaining the systemic level of the chemo drug far below the toxic threshold limit over the entire treatment period. This technology thus has the potential to offer a new therapeutic option that has not previously been available for patients excluded from conventional chemoradiation protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Misra
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Kaustabh Sarkar
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Jaewon Lee
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Vincenzo J Pizzuti
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Deborah S Lee
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Melanie P Currie
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Sandra E Torregrosa-Allen
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - David E Long
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Gregory A Durm
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Mark P Langer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - You-Yeon Won
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States; Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.
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37
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Yang Y, Stang A, Schweickert PG, Lanman NA, Paul EN, Monia BP, Revenko AS, Palumbo JS, Mullins ES, Elzey BD, Janssen EM, Konieczny SF, Flick MJ. Thrombin Signaling Promotes Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma through PAR-1-Dependent Immune Evasion. Cancer Res 2019; 79:3417-3430. [PMID: 31048498 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-3206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with robust activity of the coagulation system. To determine mechanisms by which clotting factors influence PDAC tumor progression, we generated and characterized C57Bl/6-derived KPC (KRasG12D, TRP53R172H ) cell lines. Tissue factor (TF) and protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) were highly expressed in primary KPC pancreatic lesions and KPC cell lines similar to expression profiles observed in biopsies of patients with PDAC. In allograft studies, tumor growth and metastatic potential were significantly diminished by depletion of TF or Par-1 in cancer cells or by genetic or pharmacologic reduction of the coagulation zymogen prothrombin in mice. Notably, PAR-1-deleted KPC cells (KPC-Par-1KO) failed to generate sizable tumors, a phenotype completely rescued by restoration of Par-1 expression. Expression profiling of KPC and KPC-Par-1KO cells indicated that thrombin-PAR-1 signaling significantly altered immune regulation pathways. Accordingly, KPC-Par-1KO cells failed to form tumors in immune-competent mice but displayed robust tumor growth comparable to that observed with control KPC cells in immune-compromised NSG mice. Immune cell depletion studies indicated that CD8 T cells, but not CD4 cells or natural killer cells, mediated elimination of KPC-Par-1KO tumor cells in C57Bl/6 mice. These results demonstrate that PDAC is driven by activation of the coagulation system through tumor cell-derived TF, circulating prothrombin, and tumor cell-derived PAR-1 and further indicate that one key mechanism of thrombin/PAR-1-mediated tumor growth is suppression of antitumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment. SIGNIFICANCE: The tissue factor-thrombin-PAR-1 signaling axis in tumor cells promotes PDAC growth and disease progression with one key mechanism being suppression of antitumor immunity in the microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Department of Biological Science and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Amanda Stang
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Patrick G Schweickert
- Department of Biological Science and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Nadia A Lanman
- Department of Biological Science and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Erin N Paul
- Department of Biological Science and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Brett P Monia
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Antisense Drug Discovery, Carlsbad, California
| | - Alexey S Revenko
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Antisense Drug Discovery, Carlsbad, California
| | - Joseph S Palumbo
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Eric S Mullins
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Edith M Janssen
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Stephen F Konieczny
- Department of Biological Science and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.
| | - Matthew J Flick
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio.
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38
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Naganna N, Opoku-Temeng C, Choi EY, Larocque E, Chang ET, Carter-Cooper BA, Wang M, Torregrosa-Allen SE, Elzey BD, Lapidus RG, Sintim HO. Amino alkynylisoquinoline and alkynylnaphthyridine compounds potently inhibit acute myeloid leukemia proliferation in mice. EBioMedicine 2019; 40:231-239. [PMID: 30686755 PMCID: PMC6413339 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains one of the most lethal, rarely cured cancers, despite decades of active development of AML therapeutics. Currently, the 5-year survival of AML patients is about 30% and for elderly patients, the rate drops to <10%. About 30% of AML patients harbor an activating mutation in the tyrosine kinase domain (TKD) of Fms-Like Tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) or a FLT3 internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD). Inhibitors of FLT3, such as Rydapt that was recently approved by the FDA, have shown good initial response but patients often relapse due to secondary mutations in the FLT3 TKD, like D835Y and F691 L mutations. METHODS Alkynyl aminoisoquinoline and naphthyridine compounds were synthesized via Sonogashira coupling. The compounds were evaluated for their in vitro and in vivo effects on leukemia growth. FINDINGS The compounds inhibited FLT3 kinase activity at low nanomolar concentrations. The lead compound, HSN431, also inhibited Src kinase activity. The compounds potently inhibited the viability of MV4-11 and MOLM-14 AML cells with IC50 values <1 nM. Furthermore, the viability of drug-resistant AML cells harboring the D835Y and F691 L mutations were potently inhibited. In vivo efficacy studies in mice demonstrated that the compounds could drastically reduce AML proliferation in mice. INTERPRETATION Compounds that inhibit FLT3 and downstream targets like Src (for example HSN431) are good leads for development as anti-AML agents. FUND: Purdue University, Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery (PIDD), Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Elks Foundation and NIH P30 CA023168.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Naganna
- Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Clement Opoku-Temeng
- Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Graduate Program in Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Eun Yong Choi
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth Larocque
- Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | | | | | - Modi Wang
- Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | | | - Bennett D Elzey
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Rena G Lapidus
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Herman O Sintim
- Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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39
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Orillion A, Damayanti NP, Shen L, Adelaiye-Ogala R, Affronti H, Elbanna M, Chintala S, Ciesielski M, Fontana L, Kao C, Elzey BD, Ratliff TL, Nelson DE, Smiraglia D, Abrams SI, Pili R. Dietary Protein Restriction Reprograms Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Enhances Immunotherapy. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:6383-6395. [PMID: 30190370 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-0980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Diet and healthy weight are established means of reducing cancer incidence and mortality. However, the impact of diet modifications on the tumor microenvironment and antitumor immunity is not well defined. Immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are associated with poor clinical outcomes and are potentially modifiable through dietary interventions. We tested the hypothesis that dietary protein restriction modifies macrophage function toward antitumor phenotypes. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Macrophage functional status under different tissue culture conditions and in vivo was assessed by Western blot, immunofluorescence, qRT-PCR, and cytokine array analyses. Tumor growth in the context of protein or amino acid (AA) restriction and immunotherapy, namely, a survivin peptide-based vaccine or a PD-1 inhibitor, was examined in animal models of prostate (RP-B6Myc) and renal (RENCA) cell carcinoma. All tests were two-sided. RESULTS Protein or AA-restricted macrophages exhibited enhanced tumoricidal, proinflammatory phenotypes, and in two syngeneic tumor models, protein or AA-restricted diets elicited reduced TAM infiltration, tumor growth, and increased response to immunotherapies. Further, we identified a distinct molecular mechanism by which AA-restriction reprograms macrophage function via a ROS/mTOR-centric cascade. CONCLUSIONS Dietary protein restriction alters TAM activity and enhances the tumoricidal capacity of this critical innate immune cell type, providing the rationale for clinical testing of this supportive tool in patients receiving cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Orillion
- Genitourinary Malignancies Program, Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University at Buffalo, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Nur P Damayanti
- Genitourinary Malignancies Program, Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Remi Adelaiye-Ogala
- Genitourinary Malignancies Program, Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Department of Cancer Pathology and Prevention, University at Buffalo, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Hayley Affronti
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University at Buffalo, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - May Elbanna
- Genitourinary Malignancies Program, Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Sreenivasulu Chintala
- Genitourinary Malignancies Program, Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Michael Ciesielski
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Luigi Fontana
- Charles Perkins Centre and Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Chinghai Kao
- Department of Urology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- Department of Urology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Timothy L Ratliff
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - David E Nelson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Dominic Smiraglia
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University at Buffalo, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Scott I Abrams
- Department of Immunology, University at Buffalo, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York.
| | - Roberto Pili
- Genitourinary Malignancies Program, Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana.
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40
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Lee HJ, Li J, Vickman RE, Li J, Liu R, Durkes AC, Elzey BD, Yue S, Liu X, Ratliff TL, Cheng JX. Cholesterol Esterification Inhibition Suppresses Prostate Cancer Metastasis by Impairing the Wnt/β-catenin Pathway. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 16:974-985. [PMID: 29545473 PMCID: PMC5984676 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-17-0665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of cholesterol is a common characteristic of human cancers including prostate cancer. This study observed an aberrant accumulation of cholesteryl ester in metastatic lesions using Raman spectroscopic analysis of lipid droplets in human prostate cancer patient tissues. Inhibition of cholesterol esterification in prostate cancer cells significantly suppresses the development and growth of metastatic cancer lesions in both orthotopic and intracardiac injection mouse models. Gene expression profiling reveals that cholesteryl ester depletion suppresses the metastatic potential through upregulation of multiple regulators that negatively impact metastasis. In addition, Wnt/β-catenin, a vital pathway for metastasis, is downregulated upon cholesteryl ester depletion. Mechanistically, inhibition of cholesterol esterification significantly blocks secretion of Wnt3a through reduction of monounsaturated fatty acid levels, which limits Wnt3a acylation. These results collectively validate cholesterol esterification as a novel metabolic target for treating metastatic prostate cancer. Mol Cancer Res; 16(6); 974-85. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Jeong Lee
- Interdisciplinary Life Science Program, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Renee E Vickman
- Interdisciplinary Life Science Program, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Junjie Li
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Rui Liu
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Abigail C Durkes
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Shuhua Yue
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqi Liu
- Interdisciplinary Life Science Program, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Timothy L Ratliff
- Interdisciplinary Life Science Program, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Ji-Xin Cheng
- Interdisciplinary Life Science Program, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
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41
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Bhandari PN, Cui Y, Elzey BD, Goergen CJ, Long CM, Irudayaraj J. Oxygen nanobubbles revert hypoxia by methylation programming. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9268. [PMID: 28839175 PMCID: PMC5570893 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08988-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting the hypoxic tumor microenvironment has a broad impact in cancer epigenetics and therapeutics. Oxygen encapsulated nanosize carboxymethyl cellulosic nanobubbles were developed for mitigating the hypoxic regions of tumors to weaken the hypoxia-driven pathways and inhibit tumor growth. We show that 5-methylcytosine (5mC) hypomethylation in hypoxic regions of a tumor can be reverted to enhance cancer treatment by epigenetic regulation, using oxygen nanobubbles in the sub-100 nm size range, both, in vitro and in vivo. Oxygen nanobubbles were effective in significantly delaying tumor progression and improving survival rates in mice models. Further, significant hypermethylation was observed in promoter DNA region of BRCA1 due to oxygen nanobubble (ONB) treatment. The nanobubbles can also reprogram several hypoxia associated and tumor suppressor genes such as MAT2A and PDK-1, in addition to serving as an ultrasound contrast agent. Our approach to develop nanosized oxygen encapsulated bubbles as an ultrasound contrast agent for methylation reversal is expected to have a significant impact in epigenetic programming and to serve as an adjuvant to cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpak N Bhandari
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, 225 South University Street, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA.,Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA
| | - Yi Cui
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, 225 South University Street, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA.,Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA
| | - Craig J Goergen
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA
| | - Christopher M Long
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, 225 South University Street, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA.,Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA
| | - Joseph Irudayaraj
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, 225 South University Street, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA. .,Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA.
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42
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Deng X, Shao G, Zhang HT, Li C, Zhang D, Cheng L, Elzey BD, Pili R, Ratliff TL, Huang J, Hu CD. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 functions as an epigenetic activator of the androgen receptor to promote prostate cancer cell growth. Oncogene 2017; 36:1223-1231. [PMID: 27546619 PMCID: PMC5322258 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is an emerging epigenetic enzyme that mainly represses transcription of target genes via symmetric dimethylation of arginine residues on histones H4R3, H3R8 and H2AR3. Accumulating evidence suggests that PRMT5 may function as an oncogene to drive cancer cell growth by epigenetic inactivation of several tumor suppressors. Here, we provide evidence that PRMT5 promotes prostate cancer cell growth by epigenetically activating transcription of the androgen receptor (AR) in prostate cancer cells. Knockdown of PRMT5 or inhibition of PRMT5 by a specific inhibitor reduces the expression of AR and suppresses the growth of multiple AR-positive, but not AR-negative, prostate cancer cells. Significantly, knockdown of PRMT5 in AR-positive LNCaP cells completely suppresses the growth of xenograft tumors in mice. Molecular analysis reveals that PRMT5 binds to the proximal promoter region of the AR gene and contributes mainly to the enriched symmetric dimethylation of H4R3 in the same region. Mechanistically, PRMT5 is recruited to the AR promoter by its interaction with Sp1, the major transcription factor responsible for AR transcription, and forms a complex with Brg1, an ATP-dependent chromatin remodeler, on the proximal promoter region of the AR gene. Furthermore, PRMT5 expression in prostate cancer tissues is significantly higher than that in benign prostatic hyperplasia tissues, and PRMT5 expression correlates positively with AR expression at both the protein and mRNA levels. Taken together, our results identify PRMT5 as a novel epigenetic activator of AR in prostate cancer. Given that inhibiting AR transcriptional activity or androgen synthesis remains the major mechanism of action for most existing anti-androgen agents, our findings also raise an interesting possibility that targeting PRMT5 may represent a novel approach for prostate cancer treatment by eliminating AR expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Deng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - G Shao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - H-T Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Orthopedics, Institute of Orthopedic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - C Li
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - D Zhang
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - L Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - B D Elzey
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - R Pili
- Department of Medical Oncology, Indiana University Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - T L Ratliff
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - J Huang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - C-D Hu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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Lee J, Choi S, Kim KH, Heng HG, Torregrosa-Allen SE, Ramsey BS, Elzey BD, Won YY. Nontoxic Formulations of Scintillation Nanocrystals for Use as X-ray Computed Tomography Contrast Agents. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 28:171-182. [PMID: 27791362 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
X-ray computed tomography (CT) is currently one of the most powerful, noninvasive, clinical in vivo imaging techniques, which has resulted from advances in both X-ray device and contrast enhancement technologies. The present study demonstrates, for the first time, that metal tungstates (such as CaWO4) are promising contrast agents for X-ray, radiation, and CT imaging, because of the high X-ray mass attenuation of tungsten (W). We have developed a method of formulation, in which CaWO4 (CWO) nanoparticles (NPs) are encapsulated within a biocompatible poly(ethylene glycol-b-d,l-lactic acid) (PEG-PLA) block copolymer (BCP) capsule. We show that these PEG-PLA-encapsulated CWO NPs (170 ± 10 nm hydrodynamic diameter) produce a higher CT contrast (by a factor of about 2) than commercial iodine-based radiocontrast agents (e.g., Iohexol) at identical molar concentrations of W or I atoms. PEG-PLA-coated CWO NPs are chemically stable and completely nontoxic. It was confirmed that the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of this material in mice is significantly higher (250 ± 50 mg per kg body weight following a single intravenous (IV) administration) than, for instance, commercially available dextran-coated iron oxide nanoparticles that are currently used clinically as MRI contrast agents (MTD in mice ≈ 168 mg/kg per dose IV). IV-injected PEG-PLA/CWO NPs caused no histopathologic damage in major excretory organs (heart, liver, lungs, spleen, and kidney). When an IV dose of 100 mg/kg was given to mice, the blood circulation half-life was measured to be about 4 h, and more than 90% of the NPs were cleared from the mice within 24 h via the renal and hepatobiliary systems. When intratumorally administered, PEG-PLA-coated CWO NPs showed complete retention in a tumor-bearing mouse model (measurements were made up to 1 week). These results suggest that PEG-PLA-coated CWO NPs are promising materials for use in CT contrast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewon Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, §Department of Comparative Pathobiology, and ∥Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Seulgi Choi
- School of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, §Department of Comparative Pathobiology, and ∥Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, §Department of Comparative Pathobiology, and ∥Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Hock Gan Heng
- School of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, §Department of Comparative Pathobiology, and ∥Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Sandra E Torregrosa-Allen
- School of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, §Department of Comparative Pathobiology, and ∥Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Benjamin S Ramsey
- School of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, §Department of Comparative Pathobiology, and ∥Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- School of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, §Department of Comparative Pathobiology, and ∥Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - You-Yeon Won
- School of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, §Department of Comparative Pathobiology, and ∥Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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44
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Bi P, Yue F, Karki A, Castro B, Wirbisky SE, Wang C, Durkes A, Elzey BD, Andrisani OM, Bidwell CA, Freeman JL, Konieczny SF, Kuang S. Notch activation drives adipocyte dedifferentiation and tumorigenic transformation in mice. J Exp Med 2016; 213:2019-37. [PMID: 27573812 PMCID: PMC5030803 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20160157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipocyte-specific activation of Notch signaling suppresses lipid metabolism pathways that provide ligands to Pparγ, leading to adipocyte dedifferentiation and development of liposarcomas (LPSs) resembling human dedifferentiated LPSs with complete penetrance. Pparγ ligand supplementation prevents liposarcoma development. Liposarcomas (LPSs) are the most common soft-tissue cancer. Because of the lack of animal models, the cellular origin and molecular regulation of LPS remain unclear. Here, we report that mice with adipocyte-specific activation of Notch signaling (Ad/N1ICD) develop LPS with complete penetrance. Lineage tracing confirms the adipocyte origin of Ad/N1ICD LPS. The Ad/N1ICD LPS resembles human dedifferentiated LPS in histological appearance, anatomical localization, and gene expression signature. Before transformation, Ad/N1ICD adipocytes undergo dedifferentiation that leads to lipodystrophy and metabolic dysfunction. Although concomitant Pten deletion normalizes the glucose metabolism of Ad/N1ICD mice, it dramatically accelerates the LPS prognosis and malignancy. Transcriptomes and lipidomics analyses indicate that Notch activation suppresses lipid metabolism pathways that supply ligands to Pparγ, the master regulator of adipocyte homeostasis. Accordingly, synthetic Pparγ ligand supplementation induces redifferentiation of Ad/N1ICD adipocytes and tumor cells, and prevents LPS development in Ad/N1ICD mice. Importantly, the Notch target HES1 is abundantly expressed in human LPS, and Notch inhibition suppresses the growth of human dedifferentiated LPS xenografts. Collectively, ectopic Notch activation is sufficient to induce dedifferentiation and tumorigenic transformation of mature adipocytes in mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengpeng Bi
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Feng Yue
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Anju Karki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Beatriz Castro
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Sara E Wirbisky
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Abigail Durkes
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Ourania M Andrisani
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | | | - Jennifer L Freeman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Stephen F Konieczny
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Shihuan Kuang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
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Sun B, Taha MS, Ramsey B, Torregrosa-Allen S, Elzey BD, Yeo Y. Intraperitoneal chemotherapy of ovarian cancer by hydrogel depot of paclitaxel nanocrystals. J Control Release 2016; 235:91-98. [PMID: 27238443 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy is a promising post-surgical therapy of ovarian cancer, but the full potential is yet to be realized. To facilitate IP chemotherapy of ovarian cancer, we developed an in-situ crosslinkable hydrogel depot containing paclitaxel (PTX) nanocrystals (PNC). PNC suppressed SKOV3 cell proliferation more efficiently than microparticulate PTX precipitates (PPT), and the gel containing PNC (PNC-gel) showed a lower maximum tolerated dose than PPT-containing gel (PPT-gel) in mice, indicating greater dissolution and cellular uptake of PNC than PPT. A single IP administration of PNC-gel extended the survival of tumor-bearing mice significantly better than Taxol, but PPT-gel did not. These results support the advantage of PNC over PPT and demonstrate the promise of a gel depot as an IP drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Sun
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Maie S Taha
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Benjamin Ramsey
- Biological Evaluation Shared Resource, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, 201 S. University Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Sandra Torregrosa-Allen
- Biological Evaluation Shared Resource, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, 201 S. University Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- Biological Evaluation Shared Resource, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, 201 S. University Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Yoon Yeo
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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46
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Cimen Bozkus C, Elzey BD, Crist SA, Ellies LG, Ratliff TL. Expression of Cationic Amino Acid Transporter 2 Is Required for Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell-Mediated Control of T Cell Immunity. J Immunol 2015; 195:5237-50. [PMID: 26491198 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of immature cells that expand during benign and cancer-associated inflammation and are characterized by their ability to inhibit T cell immunity. Increased metabolism of l-Arginine (l-Arg), through the enzymes arginase 1 and NO synthase 2 (NOS2), is well documented as a major MDSC suppressive mechanism. Therefore, we hypothesized that restricting MDSC uptake of l-Arg is a critical control point to modulate their suppressor activity. Using murine models of prostate-specific inflammation and cancer, we have identified the mechanisms by which extracellular l-Arg is transported into MDSCs. We have shown that MDSCs recruited to localized inflammation and tumor sites upregulate cationic amino acid transporter 2 (Cat2), coordinately with Arg1 and Nos2. Cat2 expression is not induced in MDSCs in peripheral organs. CAT2 contributes to the transport of l-Arg in MDSCs and is an important regulator of MDSC suppressive function. MDSCs that lack CAT2 have significantly reduced suppressive ability ex vivo and display impaired capacity for regulating T cell responses in vivo as evidenced by increased T cell expansion and decreased tumor growth in Cat2(-/-) mice. The abrogation of suppressive function is due to low intracellular l-Arg levels, which leads to the impaired ability of NOS2 to catalyze l-Arg-dependent metabolic processes. Together, these findings demonstrate that CAT2 modulates MDSC function. In the absence of CAT2, MDSCs display diminished capacity for controlling T cell immunity in prostate inflammation and cancer models, where the loss of CAT2 results in enhanced antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cansu Cimen Bozkus
- Comparative Pathobiology Department, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907; and
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- Comparative Pathobiology Department, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907; and
| | - Scott A Crist
- Comparative Pathobiology Department, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907; and
| | - Lesley G Ellies
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Timothy L Ratliff
- Comparative Pathobiology Department, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907; and
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47
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Cho EJ, Sun B, Doh KO, Wilson EM, Torregrosa-Allen S, Elzey BD, Yeo Y. Intraperitoneal delivery of platinum with in-situ crosslinkable hyaluronic acid gel for local therapy of ovarian cancer. Biomaterials 2014; 37:312-9. [PMID: 25453960 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy is a promising post-surgical therapy of solid carcinomas confined within the peritoneal cavity, with potential benefits in locoregional and systemic management of residual tumors. In this study, we intended to increase local retention of platinum in the peritoneal cavity over a prolonged period of time using a nanoparticle form of platinum and an in-situ crosslinkable hyaluronic acid gel. Hyaluronic acid was chosen as a carrier due to the biocompatibility and biodegradability. We confirmed a sustained release of platinum from the nanoparticles (PtNPs) and nanoparticle/gel hybrid (PtNP/gel), receptor-mediated endocytosis of PtNPs, and retention of the gel in the peritoneal cavity over 4 weeks: conditions desirable for a prolonged local delivery of platinum. However, PtNPs and PtNP/gel did not show a greater anti-tumor efficacy than CDDP solution administered at the same dose but rather caused a slight increase in tumor burdens at later time points, which suggests a potential involvement of empty carriers and degradation products in the growth of residual tumors. This study alerts that although several materials considered biocompatible and safe are used as drug carriers, they may have unwanted biological effects on the residual targets once the drug is exhausted; therefore, more attention should be paid to the selection of drug carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jung Cho
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Bo Sun
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Kyung-Oh Doh
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, 317-1 Daemyung-dong, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Erin M Wilson
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Sandra Torregrosa-Allen
- Biological Evaluation Shared Resource, Purdue University, 201 S. University Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- Biological Evaluation Shared Resource, Purdue University, 201 S. University Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Yoon Yeo
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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48
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Li Z, Li J, Bi P, Lu Y, Burcham G, Elzey BD, Ratliff T, Konieczny SF, Ahmad N, Kuang S, Liu X. Plk1 phosphorylation of PTEN causes a tumor-promoting metabolic state. Mol Cell Biol 2014; 34:3642-61. [PMID: 25047839 PMCID: PMC4187734 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00814-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
One outcome of activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway is increased aerobic glycolysis, but the upstream signaling events that regulate the PI3K pathway, and thus the Warburg effect, are elusive. Increasing evidence suggests that Plk1, a cell cycle regulator, is also involved in cellular events in addition to mitosis. To test whether Plk1 contributes to activation of the PI3K pathway, and thus aerobic glycolysis, we examined potential targets of Plk1 and identified PTEN as a Plk1 substrate. We hypothesize that Plk1 phosphorylation of PTEN leads to its inactivation, activation of the PI3K pathway, and the Warburg effect. Our data show that overexpression of Plk1 leads to activation of the PI3K pathway and enhanced aerobic glycolysis. In contrast, inhibition of Plk1 causes markedly reduced glucose metabolism in mice. Mechanistically, we show that Plk1 phosphorylation of PTEN and Nedd4-1, an E3 ubiquitin ligase of PTEN, results in PTEN inactivation. Finally, we show that Plk1 phosphorylation of PTEN promotes tumorigenesis in both its phosphatase-dependent and -independent pathways, revealing potentially new drug targets to arrest tumor cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Pengpeng Bi
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Grant Burcham
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Timothy Ratliff
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Stephen F Konieczny
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Nihal Ahmad
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Shihuan Kuang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Xiaoqi Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
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49
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Mehtala JG, Torregrosa-Allen S, Elzey BD, Jeon M, Kim C, Wei A. Synergistic effects of cisplatin chemotherapy and gold nanorod-mediated hyperthermia on ovarian cancer cells and tumors. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2014; 9:1939-55. [PMID: 24498890 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.13.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The synergistic effects of gold nanorod (GNR)-mediated mild hyperthermia (MHT; 42-43°C) and cisplatin (CP) activity was evaluated against chemoresistant SKOV3 cells in vitro and with a tumor xenograft model. MATERIALS & METHODS In vitro studies were performed using CP at cytostatic concentrations (5 µM) and polyethylene glycol-stabilized GNRs, using near-infrared laser excitation for MHT. RESULTS The amount of polyethylene glycol-GNRs used for environmental MHT was 1 µg/ml, several times lower than the loadings used in tumor tissue ablation. GNR-mediated MHT increased CP-mediated cytotoxicity by 80%, relative to the projected additive effect, and flow cytometry analysis suggested MHT also enhanced CP-induced apoptosis. In a pilot in vivo study, systemically administered polyethylene glycol-GNRs generated sufficient levels of MHT to enhance CP-induced reductions in tumor volume, despite their heterogeneous distribution in tumor tissue. CONCLUSION These studies imply that effective chemotherapies can be developed in combination with low loadings of nanoparticles for localized MHT. Original submitted 6 July 2013; Revised submitted 20 October 2013.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan G Mehtala
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2084, USA
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50
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Crist SA, Elzey BD, Ahmann MT, Ratliff TL. Early growth response-1 (EGR-1) and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) cooperate to mediate CD40L expression in megakaryocytes and platelets. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:33985-33996. [PMID: 24106272 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.511881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence implicates circulating platelets as mediators of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases via the expression and release of CD40L, an important modulator of inflammation and adaptive immune responses traditionally associated with activated T cells. Emerging evidence suggests that platelet CD40L is dynamically regulated in several chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases and may mediate progression and secondary pathology associated with those disease states. The present study identifies NFATc2 as a key transcriptional modulator of CD40L expression in megakaryocytes and inflammatory activity of platelets. Furthermore, the current data show that EGR-1, a member of the early growth response family of zinc finger transcription factors, modulates NFATc2-dependent regulation of CD40L expression in megakaryocytes. Our novel demonstration that in vivo biochemical or genetic inhibition of NFATc2 activity in megakaryocyte diminishes platelet CD40L implicates the NFATc2/EGR-1 axis as a key regulatory pathway of inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity in platelets and represents a target for the development of therapeutics for the potential treatment of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Crist
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University School of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907; Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University School of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907; Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Michelle T Ahmann
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University School of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Timothy L Ratliff
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University School of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907; Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907.
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