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Wan D, Wu Y, Liu Y, Liu Y, Pan J. Advances in 2,3-Dimethylmaleic Anhydride (DMMA)-Modified Nanocarriers in Drug Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:809. [PMID: 38931929 PMCID: PMC11207803 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16060809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer represents a significant threat to human health. The cells and tissues within the microenvironment of solid tumors exhibit complex and abnormal properties in comparison to healthy tissues. The efficacy of nanomedicines is inhibited by the presence of substantial and complex physical barriers in the tumor tissue. The latest generation of intelligent drug delivery systems, particularly nanomedicines capable of charge reversal, have shown promise in addressing this issue. These systems can transform their charge from negative to positive upon reaching the tumor site, thereby enhancing tumor penetration via transcytosis and promoting cell internalization by interacting with the negatively charged cell membranes. The modification of nanocarriers with 2,3-dimethylmaleic anhydride (DMMA) and its derivatives, which are responsive to weak acid stimulation, represents a significant advance in the field of charge-reversal nanomedicines. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the recent insights into DMMA-modified nanocarriers in drug delivery systems, with a particular focus on their potential in targeted therapeutics. It also discusses the synthesis of DMMA derivatives and their role in charge reversal, shell detachment, size shift, and ligand reactivation mechanisms, offering the prospect of a tailored, next-generation therapeutic approach to overcome the diverse challenges associated with cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wan
- School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (D.W.); (Y.W.)
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China;
| | - Yanan Wu
- School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (D.W.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yujun Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China;
| | - Yonghui Liu
- School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (D.W.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jie Pan
- School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (D.W.); (Y.W.)
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2
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Su M, Hu Z, Sun Y, Qi Y, Yu B, Xu FJ. Hydroxyl-rich branched polycations for nucleic acid delivery. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:581-595. [PMID: 38014423 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01394d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Recently, nucleic acid delivery has become an amazing route for the treatment of various malignant diseases, and polycationic vectors are attracting more and more attention among gene vectors. However, conventional polycationic vectors still face many obstacles in nucleic acid delivery, such as significant cytotoxicity, high protein absorption behavior, and unsatisfactory blood compatibility caused by a high positive charge density. To solve these problems, the fabrication of hydroxyl-rich branched polycationic vectors has been proposed. For the synthesis of hydroxyl-rich branched polycations, a one-pot method is considered as the preferred method due to its simple preparation process. In this review, typical one-pot methods for fabricating hydroxyl-rich polycations are presented. In particular, amine-epoxide ring-opening polymerization as a novel approach is mainly introduced. In addition, various therapeutic scenarios of hydroxyl-rich branched polycations via one-pot fabrication are also generalized. We believe that this review will motivate the optimized design of hydroxyl-rich branched polycations for potential nucleic acid delivery and their bio-applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengrui Su
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| | - Zichen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| | - Yujie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| | - Yu Qi
- China Meat Food Research Center, Beijing Academy of Food Sciences, Beijing 100068, PR China.
- Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Bingran Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| | - Fu-Jian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
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3
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Sui F, Fang Z, Li L, Wan X, Zhang Y, Cai X. pH-triggered "PEG" sheddable and folic acid-targeted nanoparticles for docetaxel delivery in breast cancer treatment. Int J Pharm 2023; 644:123293. [PMID: 37541534 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional nanoparticles have attracted significant attentions for oncology and cancer treatment. In fact, they could address critical point for tumour treatment by creating a stimuli-responsive targeted drug delivery system that can exist stably in the systemic circulation, efficiently penetrate the tumour tissue, and then accumulate in tumour cells in large quantities. A novel stepwise pH-responsive multifunctional nanoparticles (FPDPCNPs/DTX) for targeted delivery of the antitumour drug docetaxel (DTX) is prepared by coating a tumour acidity-sensitive "sheddable" FA modified β-carboxylic amide functionalized PEG layer (folic acid-polyethylene glycol-2,3-dimethylmaleic anhydride, FA-PEG-DA) on the cationic drug-loaded core (poly(β-amino ester-cholesterol, PAE-Chol) through electrostatic interaction in this study. The charge shielding behaviour of the FPDPCNPs/DTX was confirmed by zeta potential assay. The surface charges of the nanoparticles can change from positive to negative after PEG coating. The IC50 values of FPDPCNPs/DTX was 3.04 times higher than that of PEG "unsheddable" nanoparticles in cytotoxicity experiments. The results of in vivo experiment further showed that FPDPCNPs/DTX had enhanced tumour targeting effect, the tumour inhibition rate of FPDPCNPs/DTX was as high as 81.99%, which was 1.51 times that of free DTX. Under a micro acidic environment and folate receptor (FR)-mediated targeting, FPDPCNPs/DTX contributed to more uptake of DTX by MCF-7 cells. In summary, FPDPCNPs/DTX as a multifunctional nano-drug delivery system provides a promising strategy for efficiently delivering antitumour drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangqian Sui
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, China
| | - Zengjun Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Lingjun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, China
| | - Xinhuan Wan
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, China
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, China
| | - Xiaoqing Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, China.
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4
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Ren Z, Liao T, Li C, Kuang Y. Drug Delivery Systems with a “Tumor-Triggered” Targeting or Intracellular Drug Release Property Based on DePEGylation. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15155290. [PMID: 35955225 PMCID: PMC9369796 DOI: 10.3390/ma15155290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Coating nanosized anticancer drug delivery systems (DDSs) with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), the so-called PEGylation, has been proven an effective method to enhance hydrophilicity, aqueous dispersivity, and stability of DDSs. What is more, as PEG has the lowest level of protein absorption of any known polymer, PEGylation can reduce the clearance of DDSs by the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) and prolong their blood circulation time in vivo. However, the “stealthy” characteristic of PEG also diminishes the uptake of DDSs by cancer cells, which may reduce drug utilization. Therefore, dynamic protection strategies have been widely researched in the past years. Coating DDSs with PEG through dynamic covalent or noncovalent bonds that are stable in blood and normal tissues, but can be broken in the tumor microenvironment (TME), can achieve a DePEGylation-based “tumor-triggered” targeting or intracellular drug release, which can effectively improve the utilization of drugs and reduce their side effects. In this review, the stimuli and methods of “tumor-triggered” targeting or intracellular drug release, based on DePEGylation, are summarized. Additionally, the targeting and intracellular controlled release behaviors of the DDSs are briefly introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Ren
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China; (Z.R.); (T.L.)
| | - Tao Liao
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China; (Z.R.); (T.L.)
| | - Cao Li
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China; (Z.R.); (T.L.)
- Correspondence: (C.L.); (Y.K.)
| | - Ying Kuang
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
- Correspondence: (C.L.); (Y.K.)
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5
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Jiang Z, Feng X, Zou H, Xu W, Zhuang X. Poly(l-glutamic acid)-cisplatin nanoformulations with detachable PEGylation for prolonged circulation half-life and enhanced cell internalization. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:2688-2697. [PMID: 33665501 PMCID: PMC7895728 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PEGylation has been widely applied to prolong the circulation times of nanomedicines via the steric shielding effect, which consequently improves the intratumoral accumulation. However, cell uptake of PEGylated nanoformulations is always blocked by the steric repulsion of PEG, which limits their therapeutic effect. To this end, we designed and prepared two kinds of poly(l-glutamic acid)-cisplatin (PLG-CDDP) nanoformulations with detachable PEG, which is responsive to specific tumor tissue microenvironments for prolonged circulation time and enhanced cell internalization. The extracellular pH (pHe)-responsive cleavage 2-propionic-3-methylmaleic anhydride (CDM)-derived amide bond and matrix metalloproteinases-2/9 (MMP-2/9)-sensitive degradable peptide PLGLAG were utilized to link PLG and PEG, yielding pHe-responsive PEG-pH e-PLG and MMP-sensitive PEG-MMP-PLG. The corresponding smart nanoformulations PEG-pH e-PLG-Pt and PEG-MMP-PLG-Pt were then prepared by the complexation of polypeptides and cisplatin (CDDP). The circulation half-lives of PEG-pH e-PLG-Pt and PEG-MMP-PLG-Pt were about 4.6 and 4.2 times higher than that of the control PLG-Pt, respectively. Upon reaching tumor tissue, PEG on the surface of nanomedicines was detached as triggered by pHe or MMP, which increased intratumoral CDDP retention, enhanced cell uptake, and improved antitumor efficacy toward a fatal high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) mouse model, indicating the promising prospects for clinical application of detachable PEGylated nanoformulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xiangru Feng
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Haoyang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Weiguo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Xiuli Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
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Wang X, Li Y, Deng X, Jia F, Cui X, Lu J, Pan Z, Wu Y. Colloidally Stabilized DSPE-PEG-Glucose/Calcium Phosphate Hybrid Nanocomposites for Enhanced Photodynamic Cancer Therapy via Complementary Mitochondrial Ca 2+ Overload and Autophagy Inhibition. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:39112-39125. [PMID: 34384220 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c11583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy inhibition could hinder the underlying protective mechanisms in the course of tumor treatment. The advances in autophagy inhibition have driven focus on the functionalized nanoplatforms by combining the current treatment paradigms with complementary autophagy inhibition for enhanced efficacy. Furthermore, Ca2+ overload is also a promising adjuvant target for the tumor treatment by augmenting mitochondrial damage. In this view, complementary mitochondrial Ca2+ overload and autophagy inhibition were first demonstrated as a novel strategy suitable for homing in on the shortage of photodynamic therapy (PDT). We constructed biodegradable tumor-targeted inorganic/organic hybrid nanocomposites (DPGC/OI) synchronously encapsulating IR780 and Obatoclax by biomineralization of the nanofilm method, which consists of pH-triggered calcium phosphate (CP), long circulation phospholipid block copolymers 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DSPE)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)2000-glucose (DPG). In the presence of the hydrophilic PEG chain and glucose transporter 1 (Glut-1) ligands, DPGC would become an effectively tumor-oriented nanoplatform. Subsequently, IR780 as an outstanding photosensitizer could produce increased amounts of toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) after laser irradiation. Calcium phosphate (CP) as the Ca2+ nanogenerator could generate Ca2+ at low pH to induce mitochondrial Ca2+ overload. The dysfunction of mitochondria could enhance increased amounts of ROS. Based on the premise that autophagy would degrade dysfunctional organelles to sustain metabolism and homeostasis, which might participate in resistance to PDT, Obatoclax as an autophagy inhibitor would hinder the protective mechanism from cancer cells with negligible toxicity. Such an enhanced PDT via mitochondrial Ca2+ overload and autophagy inhibition could be realized by DPGC/OI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 First North Road, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yunhao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P. R. China
| | - Xiongwei Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 First North Road, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Fan Jia
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 First North Road, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xinyue Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 First North Road, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jianqing Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 First North Road, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zian Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 First North Road, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yan Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 First North Road, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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7
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Dai L, Li X, Zheng X, Fu Z, Yao M, Meng S, Zhang J, Han B, Gao Q, Chang J, Cai K, Yang H. TGF-β blockade-improved chemo-immunotherapy with pH/ROS cascade-responsive micelle via tumor microenvironment remodeling. Biomaterials 2021; 276:121010. [PMID: 34247042 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and low delivery efficiency severely impede the tumor chemotherapy effect. To address this issue, we develop a pH/ROS cascade-responsive prodrug micelle to deliver siTGF-β with size-shrinkage and charge-reversal property, leading to synergistical tumor microenvironment remodeling. The nanosystem highly improved endocytosis efficiency and tumor penetration depth through charge reversal and size reduction upon exposure to weakly acidic tumor microenvironment. Moreover, the nanocarrier would rapidly escape from endo/lysosome, disassemble and release siTGF-β and hydroxycamptothecin in response to high intracellular ROS. Furthermore, the nanosystem significantly boosted antitumor immune response and reduced immune tolerance with remodeling tumor microenvironment, which significantly prolonged the survival time of tumor-bearing mice (75% survival rate upon 35 days). It is realized by the combined effects of chemotherapy-enhanced immunogenicity and recruitment of effector T cells, TGF-β-blockade immunotherapy-activated inhibition immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and regulation physical tumor microenvironment via reducing the dense tumor extracellular matrix and the high tumor interstitial pressure obstacles. To this end, the nanosystem not only overcame biobarriers and reinforced antitumor immune response, but also effectively inhibited tumor growth, metastasis and recurrence in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Dai
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China.
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Life Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Xinmin Zheng
- School of Life Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Zhenxiang Fu
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Mengjiao Yao
- School of Life Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Siyu Meng
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Jiangong Zhang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, 450008, China
| | - Binbin Han
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, 450008, China
| | - Quanli Gao
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, 450008, China
| | - Jing Chang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, 450008, China
| | - Kaiyong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
| | - Hui Yang
- School of Life Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China.
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Liu X, Liu S, Feng S, Li K, Fan Y, Wang X, Xiao J, Bai W, Chen D, Xiong C, Zhang L. Biodegradable cross‐linked poly(1,3‐trimethylene carbonate) networks formed by gamma irradiation under vacuum. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiliang Liu
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Chemical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Song Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Shaomin Feng
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Chemical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Kaiqi Li
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Chemical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Youkun Fan
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Chemical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Xin Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu China
| | - Jianping Xiao
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu China
| | - Wei Bai
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu China
| | - Dongliang Chen
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu China
| | - Chengdong Xiong
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu China
| | - Lifang Zhang
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu China
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Tumor Microenvironment-Responsive Shell/Core Composite Nanoparticles for Enhanced Stability and Antitumor Efficiency Based on a pH-Triggered Charge-Reversal Mechanism. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13060895. [PMID: 34208641 PMCID: PMC8235205 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High systemic stability and effective tumor accumulation of chemotherapeutic agents are indispensable elements that determine their antitumor efficacy. PEGylation of nanoparticles (NPs) could prolong the retention time in vivo by improving their stability in circulation, but treatment suffers reduced tumor penetration and cellular uptake of nanomedicines. The tumor microenvironment (TME)-responsive NPs maintain their stealth features during circulation and undergo a stimuli-responsive dePEGylation once exposed to the site of action, thereby achieving enhanced internalization in tumor cells. Herein, TME-responsive shell/core composite nanoparticles were prepared and optimized with enhanced stability and tumor intake efficiency. We synthesized 12-hydroxystearic acid-poly (ethylene glycol)-YGRKKRRQRRR (HA-PEG-TAT) as a post-insert apparatus in disulfiram (DSF)-encapsulated naked nanoparticles (N-NPs) in order to form a cationic core (TAT-NPs). Accordingly, the negatively charged poly (glutamate acid)-graft-poly (ethylene glycol) (PGlu-PEG) was further applied to the surface of TAT-NPs as a negative charged shell (PGlu-PEG/TAT-NPs) via the electrostatic interaction between glutamic acids and arginine at the outer ring of the TAT-NPs. PGlu-PEG/TAT-NPs displayed a huge loading capability for DSF with reduced degradation in plasma and exhibited rapid charge reversal when pH decreased from 7.4 to pH 6.5, demonstrating an excellent systemic stability as well as intelligent stimuli-responsive performance within the acidic TME. Furthermore, the in vivo antitumor study revealed that PGlu-PEG/TAT-NPs provided greater antitumor efficacy compared with free DSF and N-NPs with no obvious systemic toxicity. In conclusion, the TME-responsive shell/core composite NPs, consisting of PGlu-PEG and HS-PEG-TAT, could mediate an effective and biocompatible delivery of chemotherapeutic agents with clinical potential.
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10
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Sun Q, Zhu Y, Du J. Recent progress on charge-reversal polymeric nanocarriers for cancer treatments. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 33971642 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/abffb5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nanocarriers (NCs) for delivery anticancer therapeutics have been under development for decades. Although great progress has been achieved, the clinic translation is still in the infancy. The key challenge lies in the biological barriers which lie between the NCs and the target spots, including blood circulation, tumor penetration, cellular uptake, endo-/lysosomal escape, intracellular therapeutics release and organelle targeting. Each barrier has its own distinctive microenvironment and requires different surface charge. To address this challenge, charge-reversal polymeric NCs have been a hot topic, which are capable of overcoming each delivery barrier, by reversing their charges in response to certain biological stimuli in the tumor microenvironment. In this review, the triggering mechanisms of charge reversal, including pH, enzyme and redox approaches are summarized. Then the corresponding design principles of charge-reversal NCs for each delivery barrier are discussed. More importantly, the limitations and future prospects of charge-reversal NCs in clinical applications are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingmei Sun
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunqing Zhu
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianzhong Du
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
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11
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Deng H, Yang Y, Zuo T, Fang T, Xu Y, Yang J, Zhang J, Shen Q. Multifunctional ZnO@CuS nanoparticles cluster synergize chemotherapy and photothermal therapy for tumor metastasis. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2021; 34:102399. [PMID: 33864912 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2021.102399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The poor drug delivery and unsatisfying therapeutic effects remain to be the primary challenges for cancer therapy. Nanosystem that combines multiple functions into a single platform is an ideal strategy. Here, a smart drug delivery nanoplatform (Z@C-D/P) based on ZnO@CuS nanoparticles, loaded with doxorubicin (DOX) and pirfenidone (PFD) was constructed. Importantly, the β-CD-DMA and PEG-DMA could be activated in the mild acidic tumor microenvironment, then the nanosystem underwent charge reversal and PFD release. PFD could inhibit cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) activation and enhance tumor penetration. And the residual nanostructure ZnO@CuS could trigger cascade amplified ROS generation to induce tumor cell death. The photothermal effect further strengthened the anti-tumor efficacy. Finally, the nanosystem showed remarkable inhibition of tumor growth (89.7%) and lung metastasis. The innovatively designed nanosystem integrating chemotherapy and photothermal effect would provide a promising strategy in breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizi Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tiantian Zuo
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianxu Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingxin Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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12
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Fabrication of flexible blend films using a chitosan derivative and poly(trimethylene carbonate). Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-021-00470-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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13
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Pan K, Li X, Meng L, Hong L, Wei W, Liu X. Photo-Cross-Linked Polycarbonate Coating with Surface-Erosion Behavior for Corrosion Resistance and Cytocompatibility Enhancement of Magnesium Alloy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:4427-4435. [PMID: 35025441 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Absorbable magnesium (Mg) materials are promising for medical implant applications. However, their corrosion rate and potential toxicity remain a challenge. Herein, a photo-cross-linked coating with suitable durability and unique surface-eroding behavior for enhancement of anticorrosion property and cytocompatibility of AZ31 Mg alloy was developed. The biodegradable allyl-functional polycarbonate, poly[(5-methyl-5-allyloxycarbonyl-1,3-propanediol carbonate)-co-(trimethylene carbonate)] [P(MAC-co-TMC), PMT], was first synthesized by ring-opening copolymerization. The PMT copolymer, pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptopropionate), and a photoinitiator were then applied on AZ31 Mg alloy by dip coating, and these films were cross-linked via the subsequent photoinitiated thiol-ene click reaction. The poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) and poly(1,3-trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) coatings without cross-linking were prepared and used as control. Our results show that the cross-linked PMT coatings exhibited superior mechanical properties compared with PLLA and PTMC coatings. Meanwhile, the surface-erosion behavior of the cross-linked PMT coatings remained, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy analysis. As a result, the cross-linked PMT-coated Mg alloy showed lower corrosion rates, better in vitro corrosion resistance, and much lower cytotoxicity, compared with bare Mg and ones coated with PLLA and PTMC coatings. Results indicate that the cross-linked PMT coatings with unique surface-erosion behavior and good cytocompatibility might be promising to improve the safety and success rate of Mg-based devices and implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Long Meng
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Liu Hong
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wei Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiaoya Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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14
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Fang Z, Pan S, Gao P, Sheng H, Li L, Shi L, Zhang Y, Cai X. Stimuli-responsive charge-reversal nano drug delivery system: The promising targeted carriers for tumor therapy. Int J Pharm 2020; 575:118841. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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15
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Francis AP, Jayakrishnan A. Conjugating doxorubicin to polymannose: a new strategy for target specific delivery to lung cancer cells. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2019; 30:1471-1488. [PMID: 31322972 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2019.1646475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
As mannose receptors are known to be over-expressed in cancer cells, we synthesized polymannose-doxorubicin (PM-DOX) conjugates with the objective of targeting the drug to cancer cells. DOX was conjugated to oxidized PM through Schiff's linkages to obtain PM-DOX conjugates. In order to examine the superior targeting efficacy of PM-DOX conjugate, sodium alginate (SA) was conjugated to DOX by similar chemistry and compared with PM-DOX conjugate. The cytotoxicity of the conjugates was investigated in A549 cell lines using MTT Assay and the cell uptake and retention studies, were performed using flow cytometry and cell imaging. In vitro drug release studies with both PM-DOX and SA-DOX conjugates showed an initial burst release of DOX up to 37-39% at 1 h, followed by a steady release up to 58-62% at 24 h in human plasma while negligible release was observed in phosphate buffered saline. The conjugates exhibited negligible hemolytic potential to human erythrocytes compared to free DOX. The PM-DOX conjugate showed better cytotoxic potential against A549 cells at lower concentration (equivalent to 0.27 μg/mL of DOX) at 72 h compared to free DOX and SA-DOX conjugate. Further, PM-DOX conjugate showed enhanced uptake by the cells in comparison with SA-DOX conjugate thereby confirming the target specificity of PM to the cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arul Prakash Francis
- Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras , Chennai , Tamil Nadu , India
| | - A Jayakrishnan
- Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras , Chennai , Tamil Nadu , India
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16
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Jiang C, Chen J, Li Z, Wang Z, Zhang W, Liu J. Recent advances in the development of polyethylenimine-based gene vectors for safe and efficient gene delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2019; 16:363-376. [DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2019.1604681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Jiatong Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Zhuoting Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Zitong Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
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17
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Kong L, Campbell F, Kros A. DePEGylation strategies to increase cancer nanomedicine efficacy. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2019; 4:378-387. [PMID: 32254090 DOI: 10.1039/c8nh00417j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
To maximize drug targeting to solid tumors, cancer nanomedicines with prolonged circulation times are required. To this end, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) has been widely used as a steric shield of nanomedicine surfaces to minimize serum protein absorption (opsonisation) and subsequent recognition and clearance by cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS). However, PEG also inhibits interactions of nanomedicines with target cancer cells, limiting the effective drug dose that can be reached within the target tumor. To overcome this dilemma, nanomedicines with stimuli-responsive cleavable PEG functionality have been developed. These benefit from both long circulation lifetimes en route to the targeted tumor as well as efficient drug delivery to target cancer cells. In this review, various stimuli-responsive strategies to dePEGylate nanomedicines within the tumor microenvironment will be critically reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Kong
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry - Supramolecular and Biomaterial Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands.
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18
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Jin Q, Deng Y, Chen X, Ji J. Rational Design of Cancer Nanomedicine for Simultaneous Stealth Surface and Enhanced Cellular Uptake. ACS NANO 2019; 13:954-977. [PMID: 30681834 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b07746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the complex and still not fully understood physiological environment, the development of traditional nanosized drug delivery systems is very challenging for precision cancer therapy. It is very difficult to control the in vivo distribution of nanoparticles after intravenous injection. The ideal drug nanocarriers should not only have stealth surface for prolonged circulation time but also possess enhanced cellular internalization in tumor sites. Unfortunately, the stealth surface and enhanced cellular uptake seem contradictory to each other. How to integrate the two opposite aspects into one system is a very herculean but meaningful task. As an alternative drug delivery strategy, chameleon-like drug delivery systems were developed to achieve long circulation time while maintaining enhanced cancer cell uptake. Such drug nanocarriers can "turn off" their internalization ability during circulation. However, the enhanced cellular uptake can be readily activated upon arriving at tumor tissues. In this way, stealth surface and enhanced uptake are of dialectical unity in drug delivery. In this review, we focus on the surface engineering of drug nanocarriers to obtain simultaneous stealth surfaces in circulation and enhanced uptake in tumors. The current strategies and ongoing developments, including programmed tumor-targeting strategies and some specific zwitterionic surfaces, will be discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , Zhejiang Province , P.R. China
| | - Yongyan Deng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , Zhejiang Province , P.R. China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , Zhejiang Province , P.R. China
| | - Jian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , Zhejiang Province , P.R. China
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19
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Zhang J, Qiao Z, Liu HY, Song J, Yin J. Positively charged helical chain-modified stimuli-responsive nanoassembly capable of targeted drug delivery and photoacoustic imaging-guided chemo-photothermal synergistic therapy. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:2050-2060. [DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00055k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tumor targeted size-switchable CPT/IR780@H30-PCL-PPI(L−)/PEI(–COOH/FA) nanoassembly with a “pomegranate” construction was designed, which could efficiently expand the penetration depth and accelerate the cell internalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering and Biomedical and Environmental Interdisciplinary Research Centre
- Hefei 230009
- P. R. China
| | - Zhu Qiao
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering and Biomedical and Environmental Interdisciplinary Research Centre
- Hefei 230009
- P. R. China
| | - Huan-Ying Liu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering and Biomedical and Environmental Interdisciplinary Research Centre
- Hefei 230009
- P. R. China
| | - Jibin Song
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology
- College of Chemistry
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou 350108
- China
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering and Biomedical and Environmental Interdisciplinary Research Centre
- Hefei 230009
- P. R. China
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20
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Chen WL, Yang SD, Li F, Qu CX, Liu Y, Wang Y, Wang DD, Zhang XN. Programmed pH/reduction-responsive nanoparticles for efficient delivery of antitumor agents in vivo. Acta Biomater 2018; 81:219-230. [PMID: 30267887 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
To bypass the biological barriers during the drug delivery process, it is desirable to develop smart nanoparticles (NPs) with flexible physical and chemical properties. In this study, a programmed NP delivery system with a pH-triggered detachable PEG layer and a lactobionic acid (Lac)-modified reduction-responsive core was developed to address the "PEG dilemma" and provide an on-demand intracellular release of doxorubicin (DOX). The positively charged DOX-loaded lactobionic acid-chitosan-lipoic acid (DOX/LCL) NPs were prepared and coated with a negatively charged dimethylmaleic acid-PEG-chitosan (PEG-CS-DA) layer to obtain a prolonged circulation time and improve the tumor-targeting effect. After reaching the tumor tissues through a targeted delivery effect, the surface charge of the PEG-CS-DA layer was reversed from negative to positive because of the trigger by the acidic microenvironment (pH 6.8), thus leading to the detachment of the PEG layer. The exposure of positive charges and the active targeting ligand enhanced cellular uptake and facilitated penetration into tumor tissues. Subsequently, the rapid release and diffusion of DOX into the nuclei was triggered by the intracellular high concentration of glutathione, thus leading to cell apoptosis. In conclusion, these programmed pH/reduction-responsive NPs provide a promising strategy for the delivery of antitumor agents in vivo. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this study, novel programmed pH/reduction-responsive NPs were developed for the delivery of DOX in vivo. These NPs were coated with a negatively charged PEG layer to improve the serum stability and tumor target effect. The PEG layer detached because of the trigger by tumor acidic microenvironment (pH 6.8), thus leading to the exposure of positive charges and the active targeting ligand, which enhanced cellular uptake and facilitated penetration into tumor tissues. Subsequently, the rapid release of DOX was triggered by the intracellular high concentration of glutathione, thereby resulting in enhanced cytotoxicity. These programmed pH/reduction-responsive NPs provide a promising strategy for the delivery of antitumor agents in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Liang Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-di Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen-Xi Qu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Dan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Nong Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Wang M, Guo Y, Ma PX, Lei B. Photoluminescent arginine-functionalized polycitrate with enhanced cell activity and hemocompatibility for live cell bioimaging. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 106:3175-3184. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710054 China
| | - Yi Guo
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710054 China
| | - Peter X. Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Macromolecular Science and Engineering Center; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor Michigan 48109-1078
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor Michigan 48109-1078
| | - Bo Lei
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710054 China
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710054 China
- Instrument Analysis Center; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710054 China
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22
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Liu J, Guo X, Luo Z, Zhang J, Li M, Cai K. Hierarchically stimuli-responsive nanovectors for improved tumor penetration and programed tumor therapy. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:13737-13750. [PMID: 29992216 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr02971g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Poor drug delivery to solid tumors remains a great challenge for effective antitumor therapy. Herein, multistage stimuli-responsive nanovectors based on hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (HMSNs) were prepared to avoid delivery barriers for improved penetration and programmed tumor therapy. The versatile nanosystem was constructed through electrostatic complexation between the functional HMSNs loaded with gemcitabine (GEM) and the small-sized platinum prodrug-conjugated poly(amidoamine) dendrimer (PAMAM-Pt). The HMSNs were functionalized with dimethylmaleic anhydride tethered chitosan oligosaccharide to endow the particles of HMSN-CS(DMA) with charge-reversal properties. The as-prepared nanosystem had a stable structure of size ∼130 nm at pH 7.4, which is beneficial for blood circulation and tumor vessel extravasation of nanocarriers. Once it reaches the tumor site, the nanosystem can dissociate into HMSN@GEM-CS (∼120 nm) and PAMAM-Pt dendrimer nanocarriers (∼5 nm) in response to the acidic tumor microenvironment because of the acid-mediated charge-reversal, then the HMSN@GEM can play the antitumor role in surface tumor tissues. The dissociated PAMAM-Pt showed excellent performance in tumor penetration, cell uptake and intracellular trafficking due to the small size and positive charge, which was supported by the study of three-dimensional multicellular spheroids in vitro. Finally, the active cisplatin was released from the PAMAM-Pt dendrimer under the intracellular reducing environment to kill cells in deep tumor tissues. The significant tumor suppression of this system in vivo was validated in the A549 tumor xenografted mouse model. Such a stimuli-responsive nanosystem that integrates simple preparation, biocompatibility, biodegradability and programmed tumor therapy manifests great potential for clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Road, Chongqing 400044, China.
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23
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pH-Sensitive nanoparticles as smart carriers for selective intracellular drug delivery to tumor. Int J Pharm 2018; 545:274-285. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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24
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Francis AP, Gurudevan S, Jayakrishnan A. Synthetic polymannose as a drug carrier: synthesis, toxicity and anti-fungal activity of polymannose-amphotericin B conjugates. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2018; 29:1529-1548. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2018.1469186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arul Prakash Francis
- Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Sneha Gurudevan
- Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - A. Jayakrishnan
- Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
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25
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Xu FJ. Versatile types of hydroxyl-rich polycationic systems via O-heterocyclic ring-opening reactions: From strategic design to nucleic acid delivery applications. Prog Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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26
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Wang Y, Liu X, Deng G, Sun J, Yuan H, Li Q, Wang Q, Lu J. Se@SiO 2-FA-CuS nanocomposites for targeted delivery of DOX and nano selenium in synergistic combination of chemo-photothermal therapy. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:2866-2875. [PMID: 29367975 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr09237g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a versatile tumor-targeted and multi-stimuli-responsive drug delivery vehicle (Se particle@porous silica-folic acid-copper sulfide/doxorubicin (Se@SiO2-FA-CuS/DOX)) was fabricated for combined photothermal therapy with chemotherapy in cancer treatment. Due to excellent targeting ability, the Se@SiO2-FA-CuS/DOX nanocomposites actively accumulated in tumor tissues and thus provided photothermal therapy under NIR irradiation and chemotherapy through the release of DOX and Se. Owing to the synergistic effect of chemotherapy (Se and DOX) and photothermal therapy, the Se@SiO2-FA-CuS/DOX nanocomposites could efficiently inhibit cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo and even completely eliminate tumors. Moreover, as the toxicity of DOX could be reduced by Se, the treatment using Se@SiO2-FA-CuS/DOX nanocomposites exhibited no appreciable adverse reactions. Thus, the Se@SiO2-FA-CuS/DOX nanocomposites have great potential as a multifunctional nanoplatform in future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeying Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China.
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27
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Möhwald M, Pinnapireddy SR, Wonnenberg B, Pourasghar M, Jurisic M, Jung A, Fink-Straube C, Tschernig T, Bakowsky U, Schneider M. Aspherical, Nanostructured Microparticles for Targeted Gene Delivery to Alveolar Macrophages. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28726349 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Introducing novel shapes to particulate carrier systems adds unique features to modern drug and gene delivery. Depending on the route of administration, particle geometry can influence deposition and fate within biological environments. In this work, a template-assisted engineering technique is applied, providing full control of size and shape in the preparation of aspherical, nanostructured microparticles. Based on the interconnection of nanoparticles, stabilized by a functional layer-by-layer (LbL) coating, the resulting cylindrical micrometer architecture is especially qualified for pulmonary delivery. Designed as gene delivery system, plasmid-DNA (pCMV-luciferase) and branched polyethylenimine are used to reach both structural integrity of the carrier system and delivery of genes into the cells of interest. Due to their size, particles are exclusively taken up by phagocytes, which also adds a targeting effect to the introduced system. The luciferase expression is demonstrated in macrophages showing increasing levels over a time period of at least 7 d. Furthermore, it is shown for the first time that the expression is depending on the LbL design. From in vivo experiments, corresponding luciferase expression is observed in mice alveolar macrophages. Combining site specific transport with the possibility of genetically engineering immunocompetent phagocytes, the presented system offers promising potential to improve applications for cell-based immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Möhwald
- Department of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology; Saarland University; D-66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | | | - Bodo Wonnenberg
- Anatomy and Cell Biology; Medical Faculty; Saarland University; D-66424 Homburg Germany
| | - Marcel Pourasghar
- Department of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology; Saarland University; D-66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Marijas Jurisic
- Department of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology; Saarland University; D-66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Andrea Jung
- INM - Leibniz-Institut für Neue Materialien gGmbH; D-66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | | | - Thomas Tschernig
- Anatomy and Cell Biology; Medical Faculty; Saarland University; D-66424 Homburg Germany
| | - Udo Bakowsky
- Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics; Philipps University Marburg; D-35037 Marburg Germany
| | - Marc Schneider
- Department of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology; Saarland University; D-66123 Saarbrücken Germany
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28
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Xiao L, Huang L, Moingeon F, Gauthier M, Yang G. pH-Responsive Poly(Ethylene Glycol)-block-Polylactide Micelles for Tumor-Targeted Drug Delivery. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:2711-2722. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xiao
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lixia Huang
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Firmin Moingeon
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Mario Gauthier
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Guang Yang
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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29
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Reactive oxygen species activated nanoparticles with tumor acidity internalization for precise anticancer therapy. J Control Release 2017; 255:142-153. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Liu Y, Xu CF, Iqbal S, Yang XZ, Wang J. Responsive Nanocarriers as an Emerging Platform for Cascaded Delivery of Nucleic Acids to Cancer. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 115:98-114. [PMID: 28396204 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cascades of systemic and intracellular obstacles, including low stability in blood, little tumor accumulation, weak tumor penetration, poor cellular uptake, inefficient endosomal escape and deficient disassembly in the cytoplasm, must be overcome in order to deliver nucleic acid drugs for cancer therapy. Nanocarriers that are sensitive to a variety of physiological stimuli, such as pH, redox status, and cell enzymes, are substantially changing the landscape of nucleic acid drug delivery by helping to overcome cascaded systemic and intracellular barriers. This review discusses nucleic acid-based therapeutics, systemic and intracellular barriers to efficient nucleic acid delivery, and nanocarriers responsive to extracellular and intracellular biological stimuli to overcome individual barriers. In particular, responsive nanocarriers for the cascaded delivery of nucleic acids in vivo are highlighted. Developing novel cascaded nanocarriers that transform their physicochemical properties in response to various stimuli in a timely and spatially controlled manner for nucleic acid drug delivery holds great potential for translating the promise of nucleic acid drugs and achieving clinically successful cancer therapy.
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Photoluminescent and biodegradable polycitrate-polyethylene glycol-polyethyleneimine polymers as highly biocompatible and efficient vectors for bioimaging-guided siRNA and miRNA delivery. Acta Biomater 2017; 54:69-80. [PMID: 28219808 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Development of biodegradable and biocompatible non-viral vectors with intrinsical multifunctional properties such as bioimaging ability for highly efficient nucleic acids delivery still remains a challenge. Here, a biodegradable poly (1,8-octanedio-citric acid)-co-polyethylene glycol grafted with polyethyleneimine (PEI) (POCG-PEI) polymers with the photoluminescent capacity were synthesized for nucleic acids delivery (siRNA and miRNA). POCG-PEI polymers can efficiently bind various nucleic acids, protect them against enzymatic degradation and release the genes in the presence of polyanionic heparin. POCG-PEI also showed a significantly low cytotoxicity, enhanced cellular uptake and high transfection efficiency of nucleic acids, as compared to commercial transfection agents, lipofectamine 2000 (Lipo) and polyethylenimine (PEI 25K). POCG-PEI polymers demonstrate an excellent photostability, which allows for imaging the cells and real-time tracking the nucleic acids delivery. The photoluminescent property, low cytotoxicity, biodegradation, good gene binding and protection ability and high genes delivery efficiency make POCG-PEI highly competitive as a non-virus vector for genes delivery and real-time bioimaging applications. Our results may be also an important step for designing biodegradable biomaterials with multifunctional properties towards bioimaging-guided genes therapeutic applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Here, a biodegradable poly (1,8-octanedio-citric acid)-co-polyethylene glycol grafted with polyethyleneimine (PEI) (POCG-PEI) polymers with controlled photoluminescent capacity were synthesized for nucleic acids delivery (siRNA and miRNA). POCG-PEI polymers can efficiently bind various nucleic acids, protect them against enzymatic degradation and release the genes in the presence of polyanionic heparin. POCG-PEI also showed a significantly low cytotoxicity, enhanced cellular uptake and high transfection efficiency of nucleic acids, as compared to commercial transfection agents, lipofectamine 2000 (Lipo) and polyethylenimine (PEI 25K). POCG-PEI polymers demonstrate an excellent photostability, which allows for imaging the cells and real-time tracking the nucleic acids delivery. Our results may be also an important step for designing biodegradable biomaterials with multifunctional properties towards bioimaging-guided genes therapeutic applications.
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Wu J, Zhang J, Deng C, Meng F, Cheng R, Zhong Z. Robust, Responsive, and Targeted PLGA Anticancer Nanomedicines by Combination of Reductively Cleavable Surfactant and Covalent Hyaluronic Acid Coating. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:3985-3994. [PMID: 28079367 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b15105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
PLGA-based nanomedicines have enormous potential for targeted cancer therapy. To boost their stability, targetability, and intracellular drug release, here we developed novel multifunctional PLGA anticancer nanomedicines by combining a reductively cleavable surfactant (RCS), vitamin E-SS-oligo(methyl diglycol l-glutamate), with covalent hyaluronic acid (HA) coating. Reduction-sensitive HA-coated PLGA nanoparticles (rHPNPs) were obtained with small sizes of 55-61 nm and ζ potentials of -26.7 to -28.8 mV at 18.4-40.3 wt % RSC. rHPNPs were stable against dilution and 10% FBS while destabilized under reductive condition. The release studies revealed significantly accelerated docetaxel (DTX) release in the presence of 10 mM glutathione. DTX-rHPNPs exhibited potent and specific antitumor effect to CD44 + A549 lung cancer cells (IC50 = 0.52 μg DTX equiv/mL). The in vivo studies demonstrated that DTX-rHPNPs had an extended circulation time and greatly enhanced tolerance in mice. Strikingly, DTX-rHPNPs completely inhibited growth of orthotopic human A549-Luc lung tumor in mice, leading to a significantly improved survival rate and reduced adverse effect as compared to free DTX. This study highlights that advanced nanomedicines can be rationally designed by combining functional surfactants and surface coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintian Wu
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Deng
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenghua Meng
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Ru Cheng
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhong
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
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Li T, Wu L, Zhang J, Xi G, Pang Y, Wang X, Chen T. Hydrothermal Reduction of Polyethylenimine and Polyethylene Glycol Dual-Functionalized Nanographene Oxide for High-Efficiency Gene Delivery. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:31311-31320. [PMID: 27813400 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b09915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a physiologically stable dual-polymer-functionalized reduced nanographene oxide (nrGO) conjugate (PEG-nrGO-PEI, RGPP) with high efficiency of gene delivery is successfully synthesized through mixing PEGylated nanographene oxide (PEG-nGO, GP) and polyethylenimine (PEI, 25 kDa) solution under 80 °C for 2 h. This hydrothermal reduction of GP during PEIylation promotes the nucleophilic reaction between the amino moieties of PEI and the epoxy groups (or carboxylic groups) in GP and then forms C-NH- groups (or NH-CO groups) to covalently connect PEI and GP, which makes the RGPP nanocomposite more stable in physiological environments and has superior gene transfection efficiency compared with the nonhydrothermally reduced PEG-nGO/PEI conjugate (GPP) obtained by mixing GP and PEI under 20 °C for 2 h. Moreover, 808 nm laser irradiation (2 W/cm2) for 25 min increases ∼1.5-fold of gene transfection efficiency for RGPP but does not increase the gene transfection efficiency of GPP. Finally, RGPP is also able to efficiently deliver functional plasmid GFP-Bax (pGFP-Bax), exhibiting ∼43% of transfection efficiency in HepG2 cells. Collectively, the RGPP developed here is a highly efficient nanocarrier for gene delivery, and this work encourages further explorations of developing functionalized reduced nano-GO for high-efficiency gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Liping Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Jiang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Gaina Xi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yilin Pang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Department of Pain Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University , Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Tongsheng Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510631, China
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Khuphe M, Mahon CS, Thornton PD. Glucose-bearing biodegradable poly(amino acid) and poly(amino acid)-poly(ester) conjugates for controlled payload release. Biomater Sci 2016; 4:1792-1801. [DOI: 10.1039/c6bm00535g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The glucoseamine-initiated ring-opening polymerisation of amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides and O-carboxanhydrides to yield amphiphilic block copolymers that are capable of self-assembly in aqueous solution to form well-defined, glucose-presenting, particles is reported.
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