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Shen K, Yang Q, Qiu P, Zhou Z, Yang S, Wei TR, Shi X. Ductile P-Type AgCu(Se,S,Te) Thermoelectric Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2407424. [PMID: 38967315 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202407424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Ductile inorganic thermoelectric (TE) materials open a new approach to develop high-performance flexible TE devices. N-type Ag2(S,Se,Te) and p-type AgCu(Se,S,Te) pseudoternary solid solutions are two typical categories of ductile inorganic TE materials reported so far. Comparing with the Ag2(S,Se,Te) pseudoternary solid solutions, the phase composition, crystal structure, and physical properties of AgCu(Se,S,Te) pseudoternary solid solutions are more complex, but their relationships are still ambiguous now. In this work, via systematically investigating the phase composition, crystal structure, mechanical, and TE properties of about 60 AgCu(Se,S,Te) pseudoternary solid solutions, the comprehensive composition-structure-property phase diagrams of the AgCuSe-AgCuS-AgCuTe pseudoternary system is constructed. By mapping the complex phases, the "ductile-brittle" and "n-p" transition boundaries are determined and the composition ranges with high TE performance and inherent ductility are illustrated. On this basis, high performance p-type ductile TE materials are obtained, with a maximum zT of 0.81 at 340 K. Finally, flexible in-plane TE devices are prepared by using the AgCu(Se,S,Te)-based ductile TE materials, showing high output performance that is superior to those of organic and inorganic-organic hybrid flexible devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qingyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Pengfei Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Zhengyang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shiqi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Tian-Ran Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Sau S, Kundu S. Fabrication of highly stretchable salt and solvent blended PEDOT:PSS/PVA free-standing films: non-linear to linear electrical conduction response. RSC Adv 2024; 14:5193-5206. [PMID: 38332796 PMCID: PMC10851924 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08260a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, ductile and conducting polymeric materials are highly utilizable in the realm of stretchable organic electronics. Here, mechanically ductile and electrically conducting free-standing films are fabricated by blending different solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), diethylene glycol (DEG) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), and salts such as silver nitrate (AgNO3), zinc chloride (ZnCl2), copper chloride (CuCl2) and indium chloride (InCl3) with the homogeneous solution of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) through solution casting method. The presence of salt modifies the PEDOT conformation from benzoid to quinoid, and induces the evolution of different morphologies. ZnCl2 or AgNO3 blended films have lower surface roughness and good miscibility with polymers, while CuCl2 or InCl3 blended films have relatively higher surface roughness as well as irregularly distributed surface morphology. Some crystalline domains are also formed due to the salt agglomeration. The presence of salt inside PEDOT:PSS/PVA/solvent system changes the current-voltage response from non-linear to linear. Among all the films, zinc salt blended PEDOT:PSS/PVA/DMSO, PEDOT:PSS/PVA/DEG and PEDOT:PSS/PVA/DMF films have higher conductivity, and zinc salt blended PEDOT:PSS/PVA/DEG film shows the highest conductivity of 0.041 ± 0.0014 S cm-1, while silver salt blended PEDOT:PSS/PVA/DMSO, PEDOT:PSS/PVA/DEG and PEDOT:PSS/PVA/DMF films have higher elongation at break, and silver salt blended PEDOT:PSS/PVA/DMSO film shows the highest elongation at break of 670 ± 31%. Both the charge carriers, i.e., electrons and ions, contribute to the electrical conduction, and the presence of hydrogen bonds and ionic interactions among PEDOT+, PSS-, PVA, residual solvent, salt cations and anions modifies the film behaviours. Among all the films, ZnCl2 blended PEDOT:PSS/PVA/DMSO film offers relatively superior behaviours having higher conductivity (0.025 ± 0.0013 S cm-1) and elongation at break (517 ± 15%), and therefore can have potential applications in the fields of wearable devices, bioelectronics, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjib Sau
- Soft Nano Laboratory, Physical Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology Vigyan Path, Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk Guwahati Assam 781035 India
| | - Sarathi Kundu
- Soft Nano Laboratory, Physical Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology Vigyan Path, Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk Guwahati Assam 781035 India
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3
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Oechsle AL, Schöner T, Deville L, Xiao T, Tian T, Vagias A, Bernstorff S, Müller-Buschbaum P. Ionic Liquid-Induced Inversion of the Humidity-Dependent Conductivity of Thin PEDOT:PSS Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:47682-47691. [PMID: 37756141 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c08208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The humidity influence on the electronic and ionic resistance properties of thin post-treated poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) films is investigated. In particular, the resistance of these PEDOT:PSS films post-treated with three different concentrations (0, 0.05, and 0.35 M) of ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide (EMIM DCA) is measured while being exposed to a defined humidity protocol. A resistance increase upon elevated humidity is observed for the 0 M reference sample, while the EMIM DCA post-treated samples demonstrate a reverse behavior. Simultaneously performed in situ grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) measurements evidence changes in the film morphology upon varying the humidity, namely, an increase in the PEDOT domain distances. This leads to a detriment in the interdomain hole transport, which causes a rise in the resistance, as observed for the 0 M reference sample. Finally, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements at different humidities reveal additional contributions of ionic charge carriers in the EMIM DCA post-treated PEDOT:PSS films. Therefrom, a model is proposed, which describes the hole and cation transport in different post-treated PEDOT:PSS films dependent on the ambient humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lena Oechsle
- TUM School of Natural Science, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, Technical University of Munich, James Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Tobias Schöner
- TUM School of Natural Science, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, Technical University of Munich, James Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Lewin Deville
- TUM School of Natural Science, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, Technical University of Munich, James Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Tianxiao Xiao
- TUM School of Natural Science, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, Technical University of Munich, James Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Ting Tian
- TUM School of Natural Science, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, Technical University of Munich, James Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Apostolos Vagias
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Sigrid Bernstorff
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14 Km 163.5, AREA Science Park, Basovizza 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- TUM School of Natural Science, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, Technical University of Munich, James Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
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4
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Gao L, Liu F, Wei Q, Cai Z, Duan J, Li F, Li H, Lv R, Wang M, Li J, Wang L. Fabrication of Highly Conductive Porous Fe 3O 4@RGO/PEDOT:PSS Composite Films via Acid Post-Treatment and Their Applications as Electrochemical Supercapacitor and Thermoelectric Material. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3453. [PMID: 37631508 PMCID: PMC10458617 DOI: 10.3390/polym15163453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
As a remarkable multifunctional material, ferroferric oxide (Fe3O4) exhibits considerable potential for applications in many fields, such as energy storage and conversion technologies. However, the poor electronic and ionic conductivities of classical Fe3O4 restricts its application. To address this challenge, Fe3O4 nanoparticles are combined with graphene oxide (GO) via a typical hydrothermal method, followed by a conductive wrapping using poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonic sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) for the fabrication of composite films. Upon acid treatment, a highly conductive porous Fe3O4@RGO/PEDOT:PSS hybrid is successfully constructed, and each component exerts its action that effectively facilitates the electron transfer and subsequent performance improvement. Specifically, the Fe3O4@RGO/PEDOT:PSS porous film achieves a high specific capacitance of 244.7 F g-1 at a current of 1 A g-1. Furthermore, due to the facial fabrication of the highly conductive networks, the free-standing film exhibits potential advantages in flexible thermoelectric (TE) materials. Notably, such a hybrid film shows a high electric conductivity (σ) of 507.56 S cm-1, a three times greater value than the Fe3O4@RGO component, and achieves an optimized Seebeck coefficient (S) of 13.29 μV K-1 at room temperature. This work provides a novel route for the synthesis of Fe3O4@RGO/PEDOT:PSS multifunctional films that possess promising applications in energy storage and conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Gao
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro/Nano Functional Materials of Henan Province, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
- Energy-Saving Building Materials Innovative Collaboration Center of Henan Province, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Fuwei Liu
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro/Nano Functional Materials of Henan Province, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
- Energy-Saving Building Materials Innovative Collaboration Center of Henan Province, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Qinru Wei
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Zhiwei Cai
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Jiajia Duan
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Fuqun Li
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Huiying Li
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Ruotong Lv
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Mengke Wang
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Jingxian Li
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Letian Wang
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
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5
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Wang H, Zhuang T, Wang J, Sun X, Wang Y, Li K, Dai X, Guo Q, Li X, Chong D, Chen B, Yan J. Multifunctional Filler-Free PEDOT:PSS Hydrogels with Ultrahigh Electrical Conductivity Induced by Lewis-Acid-Promoted Ion Exchange. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2302919. [PMID: 37352335 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Highly conductive hydrogels with biotissue-like mechanical properties are of great interest in the emerging field of hydrogel bioelectronics due to their good biocompatibility, deformability, and stability. Fully polymeric hydrogels may exhibit comparable Young's modulus to biotissues. However, most of these filler-free hydrogels have a low electrical conductivity of <10 S cm-1 , which limits their wide applications of them in digital circuits or bioelectronic devices. In this work, a series of metal-halides-doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) hydrogels with an ultrahigh electrical conductivity up to 547 S cm-1 is reported, which is 1.5 times to 104 times higher than previously reported filler-free polymeric hydrogels. Theoretical calculation demonstrated that the ion exchange between PEDOT:PSS and the metal halides played an important role to promote phase separation in the hydrogels, which thus leads to ultrahigh electrical conductivity. The high electrical conductivity resulted in multifunctional hydrogels with high performance in thermoelectrics, electromagnetic shielding, Joule heating, and sensing. Such flexible and stretchable hydrogels with ultrahigh electrical conductivity and stability upon various deformations are promising for soft bioelectronics devices and wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
- Shaanxi Jianeng Flexible Thermoelectric Technology, Inc.|Western China Science and Technology Innovation Port, Fengxi New City, Xixian New District, Xi'an, 710048, China
| | - Tiantian Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Xu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Yizhuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Kuncai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Xu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Qinyue Guo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Xuhui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Daotong Chong
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Bin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Junjie Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
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6
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Yang Q, Yang S, Qiu P, Peng L, Wei TR, Zhang Z, Shi X, Chen L. Flexible thermoelectrics based on ductile semiconductors. Science 2022; 377:854-858. [PMID: 35981042 DOI: 10.1126/science.abq0682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Flexible thermoelectrics provide a different solution for developing portable and sustainable flexible power supplies. The discovery of silver sulfide-based ductile semiconductors has driven a shift in the potential for flexible thermoelectrics, but the lack of good p-type ductile thermoelectric materials has restricted the reality of fabricating conventional cross-plane π-shaped flexible devices. We report a series of high-performance p-type ductile thermoelectric materials based on the composition-performance phase diagram in AgCu(Se,S,Te) pseudoternary solid solutions, with high figure-of-merit values (0.45 at 300 kelvin and 0.68 at 340 kelvin) compared with other flexible thermoelectric materials. We further demonstrate thin and flexible π-shaped devices with a maximum normalized power density that reaches 30 μW cm-2 K-2. This output is promising for the use of flexible thermoelectrics in wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shiqi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Pengfei Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.,School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Liming Peng
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tian-Ran Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Division of Solid-State Electronics, Department of Electrical Engineering, Uppsala University, 75103 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Xun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Lidong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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7
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Xin B, Ekström E, Shih YT, Huang L, Lu J, Elsukova A, Zhang Y, Zhu W, Borca-Tasciuc T, Ramanath G, Le Febvrier A, Paul B, Eklund P. Engineering thermoelectric and mechanical properties by nanoporosity in calcium cobaltate films from reactions of Ca(OH) 2/Co 3O 4 multilayers. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:3353-3361. [PMID: 36131711 PMCID: PMC9416876 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00278g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Controlling nanoporosity to favorably alter multiple properties in layered crystalline inorganic thin films is a challenge. Here, we demonstrate that the thermoelectric and mechanical properties of Ca3Co4O9 films can be engineered through nanoporosity control by annealing multiple Ca(OH)2/Co3O4 reactant bilayers with characteristic bilayer thicknesses (b t ). Our results show that doubling b t , e.g., from 12 to 26 nm, more than triples the average pore size from ∼120 nm to ∼400 nm and increases the pore fraction from 3% to 17.1%. The higher porosity film exhibits not only a 50% higher electrical conductivity of σ ∼ 90 S cm-1 and a high Seebeck coefficient of α ∼ 135 μV K-1, but also a thermal conductivity as low as κ ∼ 0.87 W m-1 K-1. The nanoporous Ca3Co4O9 films exhibit greater mechanical compliance and resilience to bending than the bulk. These results indicate that annealing reactant multilayers with controlled thicknesses is an attractive way to engineer nanoporosity and realize mechanically flexible oxide-based thermoelectric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Xin
- Thin Film Physics Division, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University SE-58183 Linköping Sweden
| | - Erik Ekström
- Thin Film Physics Division, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University SE-58183 Linköping Sweden
| | - Yueh-Ting Shih
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy New York 12180 USA
| | - Liping Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy New York 12180 USA
| | - Jun Lu
- Thin Film Physics Division, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University SE-58183 Linköping Sweden
| | - Anna Elsukova
- Thin Film Physics Division, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University SE-58183 Linköping Sweden
| | - Yun Zhang
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Department of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Nuclear Engineering Troy NY 12180 USA
| | - Wenkai Zhu
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Department of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Nuclear Engineering Troy NY 12180 USA
| | - Theodorian Borca-Tasciuc
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Department of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Nuclear Engineering Troy NY 12180 USA
| | - Ganpati Ramanath
- Thin Film Physics Division, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University SE-58183 Linköping Sweden
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy New York 12180 USA
| | - Arnaud Le Febvrier
- Thin Film Physics Division, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University SE-58183 Linköping Sweden
| | - Biplab Paul
- Thin Film Physics Division, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University SE-58183 Linköping Sweden
| | - Per Eklund
- Thin Film Physics Division, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University SE-58183 Linköping Sweden
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8
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Oechsle AL, Heger JE, Li N, Yin S, Bernstorff S, Müller-Buschbaum P. In Situ Observation of Morphological and Oxidation Level Degradation Processes within Ionic Liquid Post-treated PEDOT:PSS Thin Films upon Operation at High Temperatures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:30802-30811. [PMID: 35759690 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c05745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Organic thermoelectric thin films are investigated in terms of their stability at elevated operating temperatures. Therefore, the electrical conductivity of ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide (EMIM DCA) post-treated poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) thin films is measured over 4.5 h of heating at 50 or 100 °C for different EMIM DCA concentrations. The changes in the electrical performance are correlated with changes in the film morphology, as evidenced with in situ grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS). Due to the overall increased PEDOT domain distances, the resulting impairment of the interdomain charge carrier transport directly correlates with the observed electrical conductivity decay. With in situ ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) measurements, a simultaneously occurring reduction of the PEDOT oxidation level is found to have an additional electrical conductivity lowering contribution due to the decrease of the charge carrier density. Finally, the observed morphology and oxidation level degradation is associated with the deterioration of the thermoelectric properties and hence a favorable operating temperature range is suggested for EMIM DCA post-treated PEDOT:PSS-based thermoelectrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lena Oechsle
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Julian E Heger
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Nian Li
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Shanshan Yin
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Sigrid Bernstorff
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14 km 163.5, AREA Science Park, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
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9
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Choi C, de Izarra A, Han I, Jeon W, Lansac Y, Jang YH. Hard-Cation-Soft-Anion Ionic Liquids for PEDOT:PSS Treatment. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:1615-1624. [PMID: 35138105 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c09001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A promising conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) experiences significant conductivity enhancement when treated with proper ionic liquids (ILs). Based on the hard-soft-acid-base principle, we propose a combination of a hydrophilic hard cation A+ (instead of the commonly used 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium, EMIM+) and a hydrophobic soft anion X- (such as tetracyanoborate, TCB-) as the best ILs for this purpose. Such ILs would decouple hydrophilic-but-insulating PSS- from conducting-but-hydrophobic PEDOT+ most efficiently by strong interactions with hydrophilic A+ and hydrophobic X-, respectively. Such a favorable ion exchange between PEDOT+:PSS- and A+:X- ILs would allow the growth of conducting PEDOT+ domains decorated by X-, not disturbed by PSS- or A+. Using density functional theory calculations and molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate that a protic cation- (aliphatic N-alkyl pyrrolidinium, in particular) combined with the hydrophobic anion TCB- indeed outperforms EMIM+ by promptly leaving hydrophobic TCB- and strongly binding to hydrophilic PSS-.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changwon Choi
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, DGIST, 42988 Daegu, Korea
| | - Ambroise de Izarra
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, DGIST, 42988 Daegu, Korea.,GREMAN, CNRS UMR 7347, Université de Tours, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Ikhee Han
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, DGIST, 42988 Daegu, Korea
| | - Woojin Jeon
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, DGIST, 42988 Daegu, Korea
| | - Yves Lansac
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, DGIST, 42988 Daegu, Korea.,GREMAN, CNRS UMR 7347, Université de Tours, 37200 Tours, France.,Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS UMR 8502, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Yun Hee Jang
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, DGIST, 42988 Daegu, Korea
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10
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Khong C, Chia M, Ahmad I, Phang S. Chemical treatment of grafted rubber‐based conductive polymer film for homogeneity improvement. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Choy‐Hung Khong
- Department of Physical Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences Tunku Abdul Rahman University College Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Min‐Rui Chia
- Polymer Research Centre (PORCE), Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi Malaysia
| | - Ishak Ahmad
- Polymer Research Centre (PORCE), Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi Malaysia
| | - Sook‐Wai Phang
- Department of Physical Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences Tunku Abdul Rahman University College Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
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11
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Flexible, Transparent and Highly Conductive Polymer Film Electrodes for All-Solid-State Transparent Supercapacitor Applications. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11100788. [PMID: 34677554 PMCID: PMC8538487 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11100788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Lightweight energy storage devices with high mechanical flexibility, superior electrochemical properties and good optical transparency are highly desired for next-generation smart wearable electronics. The development of high-performance flexible and transparent electrodes for supercapacitor applications is thus attracting great attention. In this work, we successfully developed flexible, transparent and highly conductive film electrodes based on a conducting polymer, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). The PEDOT:PSS film electrodes were prepared via a simple spin-coating approach followed by a post-treatment with a salt solution. After treatment, the film electrodes achieved a high areal specific capacitance (3.92 mF/cm2 at 1 mA/cm2) and long cycling lifetime (capacitance retention >90% after 3000 cycles) with high transmittance (>60% at 550 nm). Owing to their good optoelectronic and electrochemical properties, the as-assembled all-solid-state device for which the PEDOT:PSS film electrodes were utilized as both the active electrode materials and current collectors also exhibited superior energy storage performance over other PEDOT-based flexible and transparent symmetric supercapacitors in the literature. This work provides an effective approach for producing high-performance, flexible and transparent polymer electrodes for supercapacitor applications. The as-obtained polymer film electrodes can also be highly promising for future flexible transparent portable electronics.
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12
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Paulraj I, Liang TF, Yang TS, Wang CH, Chen JL, Wang YW, Liu CJ. High Performance of Post-Treated PEDOT:PSS Thin Films for Thermoelectric Power Generation Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:42977-42990. [PMID: 34467759 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c13968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Thermoelectric materials capable of converting waste heat energy into electrical energy are enchanting for applications in wearable electronics and sensors by harvesting heat energy of the human body. Organic conducting polymers offer promise of thermoelectric materials for next-generation power sources of wearable devices due to their low cost in preparation, easy processing, low toxicity, low thermal conductivity, mechanical flexibility, light weight, and large area application. Generally, the pristine PEDOT:PSS film has low electrical conductivity, small Seebeck coefficient, and low thermal conductivity. The thermoelectric power factors of conducting polymers of p-type PEDOT:PSS films are considerably improved via synergistic effect by using ethylene glycol and reductants of EG/NaBH4 or EG/NaHCO3. As such, the charge carrier concentration of PEDOT:PSS films is tuned. The synergistic effect might lead to enhanced variation of density of states at the Fermi level and hence enhanced Seebeck coefficient. The resulting PEDOT:PSS films were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), Raman spectroscopy, and XPS spectroscopy. The electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient were measured between 325 and 450 K. The carrier concentration and mobility were obtained by Hall measurements. The pristine thin film treated with 0.05 M EG/NaHCO3 solution exhibits the highest power factor of 183 μW m-1 K-2 at 450 K among these two series of films due to its significant enhanced Seebeck coefficient of 48 μV/K. The maximum output power of 121.08 nW is attained at the output voltage of 6.98 mV and the output current of 17.45 μA. The corresponding maximum power density is 98 μW/cm2 for a power generation device made of four pairs of p-leg (EG/NaHCO3 post-treated PEDOT:PSS) and n-leg (Cu0.6Ni0.4) on the polyamide substrate with the size of 4 mm × 20 mm for each leg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Immanuel Paulraj
- Department of Physics, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Fang Liang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi 621, Taiwan
| | - Tzyy-Schiuan Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi 621, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsin Wang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Lung Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Yu Wu Wang
- Institute of Photonics, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jyi Liu
- Department of Physics, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 500, Taiwan
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13
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Oechsle AL, Heger JE, Li N, Yin S, Bernstorff S, Müller-Buschbaum P. Correlation of Thermoelectric Performance, Domain Morphology and Doping Level in PEDOT:PSS Thin Films Post-Treated with Ionic Liquids. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100397. [PMID: 34491602 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquid (IL) post-treatment of poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) thin films with ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide (EMIM DCA), allyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide (AMIM DCA), and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetracyanoborate (EMIM TCB) is compared. Doping level modifications of PEDOT are characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy and directly correlate with the observed Seebeck coefficient enhancement. With conductive atomic force microscopy (c-AFM) the authors investigate changes in the topographic-current features of the PEDOT:PSS thin film surface due to IL treatment. Grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) demonstrates the morphological rearrangement towards an optimized PEDOT domain distribution upon IL post-treatment, directly facilitating the interconductivity and causing an increased film conductivity. Based on these improvements in Seebeck coefficient and conductivity, the power factor is increased up to 236 µW m-1 K- 2 . Subsequently, a model is developed indicating that ILs, which contain small, sterically unhindered ions with a strong localized charge, appear beneficial to boost the thermoelectric performance of post-treated PEDOT:PSS films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lena Oechsle
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James Franck-Str. 1, Garching, 85748, Germany
| | - Julian E Heger
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James Franck-Str. 1, Garching, 85748, Germany
| | - Nian Li
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James Franck-Str. 1, Garching, 85748, Germany
| | - Shanshan Yin
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James Franck-Str. 1, Garching, 85748, Germany
| | - Sigrid Bernstorff
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14 km 163.5, AREA Science Park, Basovizza, 34149, Italy
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James Franck-Str. 1, Garching, 85748, Germany.,Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 1, Garching, 85748, Germany
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14
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Lu Y, Wu A, Sha C, Hang XC, Young DJ. Structural modulation induced by cobalt-based ionic liquids for enhanced thermoelectric transport in PEDOT:PSS. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:2740-2744. [PMID: 34363338 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Poly(3,4ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) has been intensively studied for its thermoelectric applications. Structural modulation to improve crystalline ordering, chain conformation and film morphology is a promising way to decouple the trade-off between conductivity and Seebeck coefficient and thus improve the thermoelectric power factor. Post treatment with ionic liquid ([CoCl2 ⋅ 6H2 O]:[ChCl]) bearing cobalt-containing anions resulted in a remarkable enhancement of the power factor to 76.8 μW m-1 K-2 . This IL combines the influence of a high-boiling polar organic solvent and diffusing ions. A high σ mainly resulted from the efficient removal of PSS chains, ordering of the structure and delocalization of bipoloran-dominant transport after conformational change. The increase in S was not due to dedoping of PEDOT chains, but rather the sharp feature of the density of states at the Fermi level induced by ion-exchange with unconventional anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannan Lu
- College of Engineering, Information Technology and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, 0909, Australia
| | - Aoyun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), National Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Chenwei Sha
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), National Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Chun Hang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), National Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - David James Young
- College of Engineering, Information Technology and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, 0909, Australia
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15
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de Izarra A, Choi C, Jang YH, Lansac Y. Molecular Dynamics of PEDOT:PSS Treated with Ionic Liquids. Origin of Anion Dependence Leading to Cation Design Principles. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:8601-8611. [PMID: 34292746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c02445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Conductivity enhancement of PEDOT:PSS via the morphological change of PEDOT-rich domains has been achieved by introducing a 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium (EMIM)-based ionic liquid (IL) into its aqueous solution, and the degree of such change varies drastically with the anion coupled to the EMIM cation constituting the IL. We carry out a series of molecular dynamics simulations on various simple model systems for the extremely complex mixtures of PEDOT:PSS and EMIM:X IL in water, varying the anion X, the IL concentration, the oligomer model of PEDOT:PSS, and the size of the model systems. The common characteristic found in all simulations is that although planar hydrophobic anions X are the most efficient for ion exchange between PEDOT:PSS and EMIM:X, they tend to bring together planar EMIM cations to PEDOT-rich domains, disrupting PEDOT π-stacks with PEDOT-X-EMIM intercalating layers. Nonplanar hydrophobic anions, which leave most of EMIM cations in water, are efficient for both ion exchange and the formation of extended PEDOT π-stacks, as observed in experiments. Based on such findings, we propose a design principle for new cations replacing EMIM; nonplanar hydrophilic cations combined with hydrophobic anions should improve IL efficiency for PEDOT:PSS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambroise de Izarra
- GREMAN, CNRS UMR 7347, Université de Tours, 37200 Tours, France.,Department of Energy Science and Engineering, DGIST, 42988 Daegu, Korea
| | - Changwon Choi
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, DGIST, 42988 Daegu, Korea
| | - Yun Hee Jang
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, DGIST, 42988 Daegu, Korea
| | - Yves Lansac
- GREMAN, CNRS UMR 7347, Université de Tours, 37200 Tours, France.,Department of Energy Science and Engineering, DGIST, 42988 Daegu, Korea.,Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS UMR 8502, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxiang Si
- Department of Chemical Engineering Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Institute for Polymer Research, Centre for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada
| | - Boxin Zhao
- Department of Chemical Engineering Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Institute for Polymer Research, Centre for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada
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17
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Deng W, Deng L, Li Z, Zhang Y, Chen G. Synergistically Boosting Thermoelectric Performance of PEDOT:PSS/SWCNT Composites via the Ion-Exchange Effect and Promoting SWCNT Dispersion by the Ionic Liquid. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:12131-12140. [PMID: 33667061 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c01059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Poly(3,4 ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is perhaps the most successful polymer material for thermoelectric (TE) applications. So far, treatments by high-boiling solvents, acid or base, or mixing with the carbon nanotube (CNT) are the main ways to improve its TE performance. Herein, we report the synergistically boosting TE properties of PEDOT:PSS/single-walled CNT (SWCNT) composites by the ionic liquid (IL). The composites are prepared by physically mixing the SWCNT dispersion containing the IL with PEDOT:PSS solution and subsequent vacuum filtration. The IL additive has two major functions, that is, inducing the phase separation of PEDOT:PSS and a linear quinoid conformation of PEDOT and promoting the SWCNT dispersion. The maximum power factor at room temperature reaches 182.7 ± 9.2 μW m-1 K-2 (the corresponding electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient are 1602.6 ± 103.0 S cm-1 and 33.4 ± 0.4 μV K-1, respectively) for the free-standing flexible film of the PEDOT:PSS/SWCNT composites with the IL, which is much higher than those of the pristine PEDOT:PSS, the IL-free PEDOT:PSS/SWCNT, and the SWCNT films. The high TE performance of composites can be ascribed to synergistic roles of the ion-exchange effect and promotion of SWCNT dispersion by the IL. This work demonstrates the dual roles for the IL in regulating each component of the PEDOT:PSS/SWCNT composite that synergistically boosts the TE performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjiang Deng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Liang Deng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Yichuan Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Guangming Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
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18
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de Izarra A, Choi C, Jang YH, Lansac Y. Ionic Liquid for PEDOT:PSS Treatment. Ion Binding Free Energy in Water Revealing the Importance of Anion Hydrophobicity. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:1916-1923. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c10068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ambroise de Izarra
- GREMAN, CNRS UMR 7347, Université de Tours, 37200 Tours, France
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Changwon Choi
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Yun Hee Jang
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Yves Lansac
- GREMAN, CNRS UMR 7347, Université de Tours, 37200 Tours, France
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS UMR 8502, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
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19
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Ma H, Shao Y, Zhang C, Lv Y, Feng Y, Dong Q, Shi Y. Enhancing the Interface Contact of Stacking Perovskite Solar Cells with Hexamethylenediammonium Diiodide-Modified PEDOT:PSS as an Electrode. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:42321-42327. [PMID: 32820625 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c11247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
As an indispensable component of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the commonly used Au and Ag electrodes still have some problems such as high cost and instability issues with regard to being corroded by iodide ions. In this paper, we report stacking perovskite solar cells (S-PSCs), which can avoid the use of precious metal electrodes and reduce the cost of devices and the requirements of equipment compared to conventional PSCs. The S-PSCs are composed of two semicells: a photoanode and a counter electrode (CE). For stacked devices, effective contact of the photoanode/CE interface is very important to the performance of the device. We used poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as the electrode and modified it by hexamethylenediammonium diiodide (HDADI2) to improve its physical and electrical properties. The surface of the HDADI2-modified PEDOT:PSS becomes rough and achieves higher adhesion, which enables the photoanode and CE to be sufficiently connected. In addition, the energy-level structure of the HDADI2-modified PEDOT:PSS matches better with that of the adjacent functional layers. Therefore, the S-PSCs performance has been significantly improved. Under an illumination area of 1 cm2, the power-conversion efficiency (PCE) of the S-PSCs can reach 15.21%. Moreover, the S-PSCs can be disassembled and assembled flexibly and repeatedly disassembled 500 times with almost no change in the PCE. This has a positive impact on cell maintenance and modular production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongru Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yingying Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Chunyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yanping Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yulin Feng
- School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Qingshun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yantao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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20
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Yao JA, Peng XX, Liu ZK, Zhang YF, Fu P, Li H, Lin ZD, Du FP. Enhanced Thermoelectric Properties of Bilayer-Like Structural Graphene Quantum Dots/Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Hybrids. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:39145-39153. [PMID: 32805894 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c10102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In order to improve the thermoelectric properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), bilayer-like structures of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and SWCNTs films (b-GQDs/SWCNTs) were prepared by directly coating GQDs on the surface of SWCNTs films. Compared to pristine SWCNT films (p-SWCNTs), the electrical conductivity of b-GQDs/SWCNTs increased while their Seebeck coefficient decreased. The special interface structure of GQDs and SWCNTs can not only improve carrier transport to increase electrical conductivity but also scatter phonons to reduce thermal conductivity. A maximum power factor (PF) of 51.2 μW·m-1·K-2 is obtained at 298 K for the b-GQDs/SWCNTs (2:100), which is higher than the PF of 40.9 μW·m-1·K-2 by p-SWCNTs. Incorporation of GQDs shows an obvious improvement in power factor and a significant reduction in the thermal conductivity for SWCNTs, and thus, preparation of b-GQDs/SWCNTs provides a new strategy to enhance the thermoelectric properties of SWCNTs-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-An Yao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Xiao-Xi Peng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Zhe-Kun Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Yun-Fei Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Ping Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Zhi-Dong Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Fei-Peng Du
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
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21
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Sun Z, Shu M, Li W, Li P, Zhang Y, Yao H, Guan S. Enhanced thermoelectric performance of PEDOT:PSS self-supporting thick films through a binary treatment with polyethylene glycol and water. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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22
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Shi J, Liu S, Zhang L, Yang B, Shu L, Yang Y, Ren M, Wang Y, Chen J, Chen W, Chai Y, Tao X. Smart Textile-Integrated Microelectronic Systems for Wearable Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1901958. [PMID: 31273850 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201901958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The programmable nature of smart textiles makes them an indispensable part of an emerging new technology field. Smart textile-integrated microelectronic systems (STIMES), which combine microelectronics and technology such as artificial intelligence and augmented or virtual reality, have been intensively explored. A vast range of research activities have been reported. Many promising applications in healthcare, the internet of things (IoT), smart city management, robotics, etc., have been demonstrated around the world. A timely overview and comprehensive review of progress of this field in the last five years are provided. Several main aspects are covered: functional materials, major fabrication processes of smart textile components, functional devices, system architectures and heterogeneous integration, wearable applications in human and nonhuman-related areas, and the safety and security of STIMES. The major types of textile-integrated nonconventional functional devices are discussed in detail: sensors, actuators, displays, antennas, energy harvesters and their hybrids, batteries and supercapacitors, circuit boards, and memory devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jidong Shi
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Su Liu
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Lisha Zhang
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Bao Yang
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Lin Shu
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Southern China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Yang
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ming Ren
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jiewei Chen
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yang Chai
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Xiaoming Tao
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
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23
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Peri R, P MK, B M. Improved performance of dye-sensitized solar cells upon sintering of a PEDOT cathode at various temperatures. RSC Adv 2020; 10:4521-4528. [PMID: 35495268 PMCID: PMC9049122 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09715e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) thin films have attracted considerable attention as cathodes for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) due to their air-stable, light-weight and conductive nature. To demonstrate their thermal stability as cathodes, PEDOT thin films coated via electrochemical polymerization on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) plates were sintered at different temperatures (50, 100, 150, 200, and 300 °C) for 1 h and a comparison was made with the as-prepared PEDOT thin films. We observed a negative temperature coefficient effect up to 200 °C along with lower surface roughness upon increasing the sintering temperature. Dye solar cells were fabricated using PEDOT thin films (sintered at different temperatures) and as-prepared PEDOT cathodes, and their respective performances were studied. The results showed increased efficiency with the increase in sintering temperatures of the cathode up to 200 °C (η = 4.33%) under the present experimental conditions. Cathodes sintered at 300 °C had poor electrochemical behavior and J-V performance, which may be due to polymer degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajagopal Peri
- Department of Energy, School of Chemical Sciences, University of Madras, Guindy Campus Chennai 600 025 INDIA
| | - Mathan Kumar P
- Department of Energy, School of Chemical Sciences, University of Madras, Guindy Campus Chennai 600 025 INDIA
| | - Muthuraaman B
- Department of Energy, School of Chemical Sciences, University of Madras, Guindy Campus Chennai 600 025 INDIA
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24
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Yemata TA, Zheng Y, Kyaw AKK, Wang X, Song J, Chin WS, Xu J. Modulation of the doping level of PEDOT:PSS film by treatment with hydrazine to improve the Seebeck coefficient. RSC Adv 2020; 10:1786-1792. [PMID: 35494687 PMCID: PMC9047250 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra07648d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reported the modulation of the doping level of PEDOT:PSS with hydrazine to remarkably improve its Seebeck coefficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temesgen Atnafu Yemata
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)
- Singapore 138634
- Republic of Singapore
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Yun Zheng
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)
- Singapore 138634
- Republic of Singapore
| | - Aung Ko Ko Kyaw
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)
- Singapore 138634
- Republic of Singapore
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
| | - Xizu Wang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)
- Singapore 138634
- Republic of Singapore
| | - Jing Song
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)
- Singapore 138634
- Republic of Singapore
| | - Wee Shong Chin
- Department of Chemistry
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117543
- Republic of Singapore
| | - Jianwei Xu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)
- Singapore 138634
- Republic of Singapore
- Department of Chemistry
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25
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Stevens DL, Gamage GA, Ren Z, Grunlan JC. Salt doping to improve thermoelectric power factor of organic nanocomposite thin films. RSC Adv 2020; 10:11800-11807. [PMID: 35496596 PMCID: PMC9050492 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00763c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermoelectric materials with a large Seebeck coefficient (S) and electrical conductivity (σ) are required to efficiently convert waste heat into electricity, but their interdependence makes simultaneously improving these variables immensely challenging. To address this problem, bilayers (BL) of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) and double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNT), stabilized by KBr-doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) were deposited using layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly. Doping PEDOT:PSS with KBr, prior to DWNT dispersion and LbL assembly, results in a six-fold improvement in electrical conductivity with little change in the Seebeck coefficient. A maximum power factor (PF = S2σ) of 626 ± 39 μW m−1 K−2 is obtained from a 20 BL PDDA/PEDOT:PSS–DWNT film (∼46 nm thick), where PEDOT:PSS was doped with 3 mmol KBr. This large PF is due to the formation of a denser film containing a greater proportion of DWNT, which was influenced by the charge-screening effects imparted by the salt dopant that separates PSS from PEDOT. This study demonstrates a relatively simple strategy to significantly increase the thermoelectric performance of fully organic nanocomposites that are useful for low temperature thermoelectric devices. Thermoelectric power factor of a polymer nanocomposite film, deposited using layer-by-layer assembly, was increased by doping with KBr.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Geethal Amila Gamage
- Department of Physics and Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston (TcSUH)
- University of Houston
- Houston
- USA
| | - Zhifeng Ren
- Department of Physics and Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston (TcSUH)
- University of Houston
- Houston
- USA
| | - Jaime C. Grunlan
- Department of Chemistry
- Texas A&M University
- USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Texas A&M University
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26
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Wang Y, Yang L, Shi XL, Shi X, Chen L, Dargusch MS, Zou J, Chen ZG. Flexible Thermoelectric Materials and Generators: Challenges and Innovations. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1807916. [PMID: 31148307 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201807916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The urgent need for ecofriendly, stable, long-lifetime power sources is driving the booming market for miniaturized and integrated electronics, including wearable and medical implantable devices. Flexible thermoelectric materials and devices are receiving increasing attention, due to their capability to convert heat into electricity directly by conformably attaching them onto heat sources. Polymer-based flexible thermoelectric materials are particularly fascinating because of their intrinsic flexibility, affordability, and low toxicity. There are other promising alternatives including inorganic-based flexible thermoelectrics that have high energy-conversion efficiency, large power output, and stability at relatively high temperature. Herein, the state-of-the-art in the development of flexible thermoelectric materials and devices is summarized, including exploring the fundamentals behind the performance of flexible thermoelectric materials and devices by relating materials chemistry and physics to properties. By taking insights from carrier and phonon transport, the limitations of high-performance flexible thermoelectric materials and the underlying mechanisms associated with each optimization strategy are highlighted. Finally, the remaining challenges in flexible thermoelectric materials are discussed in conclusion, and suggestions and a framework to guide future development are provided, which may pave the way for a bright future for flexible thermoelectric devices in the energy market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, Queensland, 4300, Australia
| | - Lei Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Shi
- Materials Engineering, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Xun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Lidong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Matthew S Dargusch
- Materials Engineering, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Materials Processing and, Manufacturing (AMPAM), the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Jin Zou
- Materials Engineering, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
- Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Zhi-Gang Chen
- Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, Queensland, 4300, Australia
- Materials Engineering, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
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27
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Hata S, Taguchi K, Oshima K, Du Y, Shiraishi Y, Toshima N. Preparation of Ga‐ZnO Nanoparticles Using Microwave and Ultrasonic Irradiation, and the Application of Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)‐poly(styrenesulfonate) Hybrid Thermoelectric Films. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201901565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Hata
- Department of Applied ChemistrySanyo-Onoda City University Daigakudori, SanyoOnoda, Yamaguchi 756-0884
| | - Kazuki Taguchi
- Graduate School of EngineeringSanyo-Onoda City University Daigakudori, SanyoOnoda, Yamaguchi 756-0884
| | - Keisuke Oshima
- Graduate School of EngineeringSanyo-Onoda City University Daigakudori, SanyoOnoda, Yamaguchi 756-0884
| | - Yukou Du
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Yukihide Shiraishi
- Department of Applied ChemistrySanyo-Onoda City University Daigakudori, SanyoOnoda, Yamaguchi 756-0884
| | - Naoki Toshima
- Professor EmeritusTokyo University of Science Yamaguchi Japan
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28
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Pérez GE, Bernardo G, Gaspar H, Cooper JFK, Bastianini F, Parnell AJ, Dunbar ADF. Determination of the Thin-Film Structure of Zwitterion-Doped Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly(styrenesulfonate): A Neutron Reflectivity Study. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:13803-13811. [PMID: 30880381 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b02700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Doping poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is known to improve its conductivity; however, little is known about the thin-film structure of PEDOT:PSS when doped with an asymmetrically charged dopant. In this study, PEDOT:PSS was doped with different concentrations of the zwitterion 3-( N, N dimethylmyristylammonio)propanesulfonate (DYMAP), and its effect on the bulk structure of the films was characterized by neutron reflectivity. The results show that at a low doping concentration, the film separates into a quasi-bilayer structure with lower roughness (10%), increased thickness (18%), and lower electrical conductivity compared to the undoped sample. However, when the doping concentration increases, the film forms into a homogeneous layer and experiences an enhanced conductivity by more than an order of magnitude, a 20% smoother surface, and a 60% thickness increase relative to the pristine sample. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and profilometry measurements confirmed these findings, and the AFM height and phase images showed the gradually increasing presence of DYMAP on the film surface as a function of the concentration. Neutron reflectivity also showed that the quasi-bilayer structure of the lowest concentration-doped PEDOT:PSS is separated by a graded rather than a well-defined interface. Our findings provide an understanding of the layer structure modification for doped PEDOT:PSS films which should prove important for device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel E Pérez
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , The University of Sheffield , Sheffield S1 3JD , U.K
| | - Gabriel Bernardo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , The University of Sheffield , Sheffield S3 7RH , U.K
| | - Hugo Gaspar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , The University of Sheffield , Sheffield S3 7RH , U.K
| | - Joshaniel F K Cooper
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source, STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory , Didcot OX11 0QX , U.K
| | - Francesco Bastianini
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , The University of Sheffield , Sheffield S1 3JD , U.K
| | - Andrew J Parnell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , The University of Sheffield , Sheffield S3 7RH , U.K
| | - Alan D F Dunbar
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , The University of Sheffield , Sheffield S1 3JD , U.K
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29
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Saxena N, Pretzl B, Lamprecht X, Bießmann L, Yang D, Li N, Bilko C, Bernstorff S, Müller-Buschbaum P. Ionic Liquids as Post-Treatment Agents for Simultaneous Improvement of Seebeck Coefficient and Electrical Conductivity in PEDOT:PSS Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:8060-8071. [PMID: 30715835 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b21709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquid (IL) post-treatment for thin films of poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is employed for the simultaneous enhancement of Seebeck coefficients and electrical conductivities. Through systematic variation of the ILs, by changing the anions while keeping the cation unchanged, changes in thermoelectric, spectroscopic, and morphological properties are investigated by means of UV-vis spectroscopy and grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) as a function of the IL concentration. The simultaneous enhancement in the two important thermoelectric properties is ascribed to the binary nature of the ILs, which complements that of PEDOT:PSS. The anions of the ILs primarily interact with the positively charged, conducting PEDOT, while the cations interact with negatively charged insulating PSS. Therefore, post-treatment with ILs allows for primary and secondary doping of PEDOT:PSS at the same time. Differences in the obtained Seebeck coefficients for the investigated ILs are ascribed to the chemical properties of the anions. Additionally, the choice of the latter has implications on the morphology of the treated PEDOT:PSS films regarding average π-π-stacking distances of PEDOT chains, PEDOT-to-PSS ratios, and edge-on-to-face-on ratios, influencing charge transport properties macroscopically. A morphological model is presented, highlighting the influence of each IL in comparison with pristine PEDOT:PSS films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Saxena
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik-Department , Technische Universität München , James-Franck-Str. 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM), Schellingstr. 4 , 80799 Munich , Germany
| | - Benjamin Pretzl
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik-Department , Technische Universität München , James-Franck-Str. 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Xaver Lamprecht
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik-Department , Technische Universität München , James-Franck-Str. 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Lorenz Bießmann
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik-Department , Technische Universität München , James-Franck-Str. 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Dan Yang
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik-Department , Technische Universität München , James-Franck-Str. 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Nian Li
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik-Department , Technische Universität München , James-Franck-Str. 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Christoph Bilko
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik-Department , Technische Universität München , James-Franck-Str. 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Sigrid Bernstorff
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S. C. p. A. , Strada Statale 14, km 163.5 in AREA Science Park , Basovizza, 34149 Trieste , Italy
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik-Department , Technische Universität München , James-Franck-Str. 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM), Schellingstr. 4 , 80799 Munich , Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ) , Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstr. 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
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30
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Jia Y, Liu C, Liu J, Liu C, Xu J, Li X, Shen L, Jiang Q, Wang X, Yang J, Jiang F. Efficient enhancement of the thermoelectric performance of vapor phase polymerized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) films with poly(ethyleneimine). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.24778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Jia
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry; Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University; Nanchang 330013 People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry; Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University; Nanchang 330013 People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry; Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University; Nanchang 330013 People's Republic of China
| | - Congcong Liu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry; Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University; Nanchang 330013 People's Republic of China
| | - Jingkun Xu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry; Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University; Nanchang 330013 People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Qingdao University of Science and Technology; Qingdao 266042 People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejing Li
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry; Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University; Nanchang 330013 People's Republic of China
| | - Lanlan Shen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry; Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University; Nanchang 330013 People's Republic of China
| | - Qinglin Jiang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry; Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University; Nanchang 330013 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry; Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University; Nanchang 330013 People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Yang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry; Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University; Nanchang 330013 People's Republic of China
| | - Fengxing Jiang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry; Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University; Nanchang 330013 People's Republic of China
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31
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Wang C, Chen F, Sun K, Chen R, Li M, Zhou X, Sun Y, Chen D, Wang G. Contributed Review: Instruments for measuring Seebeck coefficient of thin film thermoelectric materials: A mini-review. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2018; 89:101501. [PMID: 30399921 DOI: 10.1063/1.5038406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Thin film thermoelectric materials (TF TEMs) based on organic semiconductors or organic/inorganic composites exhibit unique properties such as low-temperature processability, mechanical flexibility, great freedom of material design, etc. Thus they have attracted a growing research interest. Similar to inorganic bulk thermoelectric materials (IB TEMs), the Seebeck coefficient combined with electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity is a fundamental property to influence the performance of TF TEMs. However, due to the differences in material and sample geometries, the well-established characterization devices for IB TEMs are no longer applicable to TF TEMs. And until now, a universal standard of measuring the Seebeck coefficient of TF TEMs is still lacking. This mini-review presents the development of instruments designed for measuring the Seebeck coefficient of TF TEMs in the last decade. Primary measurement methods and typical apparatus designs will be reviewed, followed by an error analysis induced by instrumentation. Hopefully this mini-review will facilitate better designs for a more accurate characterization of the Seebeck coefficient of thin film thermoelectric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-Grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Fenggui Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Fuling, Chongqing 408100, China
| | - Kuan Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-Grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Rui Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-Grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Meng Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-Grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-Grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yuyang Sun
- School of Automation, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Dongyang Chen
- School of Electrical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Guoyu Wang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
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32
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Tailoring Characteristics of PEDOT:PSS Coated on Glass and Plastics by Ultrasonic Substrate Vibration Post Treatment. COATINGS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings8100337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we excited as-spun wet films of PEDOT:PSS by ultrasonic vibration with varying frequency and power. This is a low-cost and facile technique for tailoring the structural and surface characteristics of solution-processed thin films and coatings. We deposited the coatings on both rigid and flexible substrates and performed various characterization techniques, such as atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), transmittance, electrical conductivity, and contact angle measurements, to understand how the ultrasonic vibration affects the coating properties. We found that as a result of ultrasonic vibration, PEDOT:PSS sheet conductivity increases up to five-fold, contact angle of water on PEDOT:PSS increases up to three-fold, and PEDOT:PSS roughness on glass substrates substantially decreases. Our results affirm that ultrasonic vibration can favor phase separation of PEDOT and PSS and rearrangement of PEDOT-rich charge transferring grains. In addition to providing a systematic study on the effect of ultrasonic frequency and power on the film properties, this work also proves that the ultrasonic vibration is a novel method to manipulate and tailor a wide range of properties of solution-processed thin films, such as compactness, chain length and arrangement of polymer molecules, conductivity, and surface wettability. This ultrasonication method can serve organic, printed and flexible electronics.
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33
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Zhong X, Hu H, Fu H. Self-Cleaning, Chemically Stable, Reshapeable, Highly Conductive Nanocomposites for Electrical Circuits and Flexible Electronic Devices. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:25697-25705. [PMID: 29979018 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b07575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Materials with multiple functions are highly desirable in practical applications. Developing multifunctional nanocomposites by a straightforward process is still a challenge. Here, a versatile nanocomposite has been developed by simple blending and pressing of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and modified polydimethylsiloxane (MPDMS). Because of the synergistic effect of MWCNTs and MPDMS, this nanocomposite exhibits outstanding hydrophobic property, striking self-cleaning capability, and excellent chemical stability against strong acid and strong base, which makes it possible to work under wet and even extreme chemical conditions. Besides, because of its flexibility, this nanocomposite can be reshaped, bended, twisted, and molded into on-demand patterns for special applications. Owing to the good distribution of MWCNTs, the nanocomposite shows high conductivity (with a sheet resistance of 86.33 Ω sq-1) and high healing efficiency (above 96.53%) in an electrical field, and it also exhibits outstanding performance in various electrical circuits and flexible electroluminescent devices. Furthermore, the inherent portability, recyclability, and reusability of this nanocomposite make it more convenient and environmentally friendly for practical applications. Thus, our work provides a new strategy to develop a multifunctional nanocomposite, and it shows tremendous potential in flexible electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximing Zhong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , P.R. China
| | - Hengfeng Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , P.R. China
| | - Heqing Fu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , P.R. China
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34
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Novak TG, Shin H, Kim J, Kim K, Azam A, Nguyen CV, Park SH, Song JY, Jeon S. Low-Cost Black Phosphorus Nanofillers for Improved Thermoelectric Performance in PEDOT:PSS Composite Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:17957-17962. [PMID: 29741082 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b03982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, two-dimensional black phosphorus (BP) has seen a surge of research because of its unique optical, electronic, and chemical properties. BP has also received interest as a potential thermoelectric material because of its high Seebeck coefficient and excellent charge mobility, but further development is limited by the high cost and poor scalability of traditional BP synthesis techniques. In this work, high-quality BP is synthesized using a low-cost method and utilized in a PEDOT:PSS film to create the first ever BP composite thermoelectric material. The thermoelectric properties are found to be greatly enhanced after the BP addition, with the power factor of the film, with 2 wt % BP (36.2 μW m-1 K-2) representing a 109% improvement over the pure PEDOT:PSS film (17.3 μW m-1 K-2). A simultaneous increase of mobility and decrease of the carrier concentration is found to occur with the increasing BP wt %, which allows for both Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity to be increased. These results show the potential of this low-cost BP for use in energy devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis G Novak
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , Daejeon 305-701 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hosun Shin
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS) , Yuseong, 305-340 Daejeon , Korea
| | - Jungmo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , Daejeon 305-701 , Republic of Korea
| | - Kisun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , Daejeon 305-701 , Republic of Korea
| | - Ashraful Azam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , Daejeon 305-701 , Republic of Korea
| | - Chien Viet Nguyen
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS) , Yuseong, 305-340 Daejeon , Korea
| | - Sun Hwa Park
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS) , Yuseong, 305-340 Daejeon , Korea
| | - Jae Yong Song
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS) , Yuseong, 305-340 Daejeon , Korea
| | - Seokwoo Jeon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , Daejeon 305-701 , Republic of Korea
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35
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de Izarra A, Park S, Lee J, Lansac Y, Jang YH. Ionic Liquid Designed for PEDOT:PSS Conductivity Enhancement. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:5375-5384. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b10306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ambroise de Izarra
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea
- GREMAN, UMR 7347, CNRS, Université de Tours, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Seongjin Park
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Jinhee Lee
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Yves Lansac
- GREMAN, UMR 7347, CNRS, Université de Tours, 37200 Tours, France
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Yun Hee Jang
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea
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Brus VV, Gluba M, Rappich J, Lang F, Maryanchuk PD, Nickel NH. Fine Art of Thermoelectricity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:4737-4742. [PMID: 29334732 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b17491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A detailed study of hitherto unknown electrical and thermoelectric properties of graphite pencil traces on paper was carried out by measuring the Hall and Seebeck effects. We show that the combination of pencil-drawn graphite and brush-painted poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) films on regular office paper results in extremely simple, low-cost, and environmentally friendly thermoelectric power generators with promising output characteristics at low-temperature gradients. The working characteristics can be improved even further by incorporating n-type InSe flakes. The combination of pencil-drawn n-InSe:graphite nanocomposites and brush-painted PEDOT:PSS increases the power output by 1 order of magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor V Brus
- Institut für Silizium Photovoltaik, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH , Berlin 12489, Germany
| | - Marc Gluba
- Institut für Silizium Photovoltaik, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH , Berlin 12489, Germany
| | - Jörg Rappich
- Institut für Silizium Photovoltaik, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH , Berlin 12489, Germany
| | - Felix Lang
- Institut für Silizium Photovoltaik, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH , Berlin 12489, Germany
| | - Pavlo D Maryanchuk
- Department of Electronics and Energy Engineering, Chernivtsi National University , Kotsubynskiy 2, Chernivtsi 58002, Ukraine
| | - Norbert H Nickel
- Institut für Silizium Photovoltaik, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH , Berlin 12489, Germany
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37
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Yao H, Fan Z, Cheng H, Guan X, Wang C, Sun K, Ouyang J. Recent Development of Thermoelectric Polymers and Composites. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 39:e1700727. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201700727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Yao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National University of Singapore; Singapore 117574 Singapore
| | - Zeng Fan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National University of Singapore; Singapore 117574 Singapore
| | - Hanlin Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National University of Singapore; Singapore 117574 Singapore
| | - Xin Guan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National University of Singapore; Singapore 117574 Singapore
| | - Chen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Low-Grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems; Ministry of Education; School of Power Engineering; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400044 China
| | - Kuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Low-Grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems; Ministry of Education; School of Power Engineering; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400044 China
| | - Jianyong Ouyang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National University of Singapore; Singapore 117574 Singapore
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38
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Zar Myint MT, Hada M, Inoue H, Marui T, Nishikawa T, Nishina Y, Ichimura S, Umeno M, Ko Kyaw AK, Hayashi Y. Simultaneous improvement in electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient of PEDOT:PSS by N2 pressure-induced nitric acid treatment. RSC Adv 2018; 8:36563-36570. [PMID: 35558964 PMCID: PMC9088854 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06094k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As a thermoelectric (TE) material suited to applications for recycling waste-heat into electricity through the Seebeck effect, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS) is of great interest. Our research demonstrates a comprehensive study of different post-treatment methods with nitric acid (HNO3) to enhance the thermoelectric properties of PEDOT:PSS. The optimum conditions are obtained when PEDOT:PSS is treated with HNO3 for 10 min at room temperature followed by passing nitrogen gas (N2) with a pressure of 0.2 MPa. Upon this treatment, PEDOT:PSS changes from semiconductor-like behaviour to metal-like behaviour, with a simultaneous enhancement in the electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient at elevated temperature, resulting in an increase in the thermoelectric power factor from 0.0818 to 94.3 μW m−1 K−2 at 150 °C. The improvement in the TE properties is ascribed to the combined effects of phase segregation and conformational change of the PEDOT due to the weakened coulombic attraction between PEDOT and PSS chains by nitric acid as well as the pressure of the N2 gas as a mechanical means. As a thermoelectric (TE) material suited to applications for recycling waste-heat into electricity through the Seebeck effect, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS) is of great interest.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- May Thu Zar Myint
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Okayama University
- Okayama
- Japan
| | - Masaki Hada
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Okayama University
- Okayama
- Japan
| | - Hirotaka Inoue
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Okayama University
- Okayama
- Japan
| | - Tatsuki Marui
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Okayama University
- Okayama
- Japan
| | - Takeshi Nishikawa
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Okayama University
- Okayama
- Japan
| | - Yuta Nishina
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Okayama University
- Okayama
- Japan
| | | | | | - Aung Ko Ko Kyaw
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen 518055
- P. R. China
- Shenzhen Planck Innovation Technologies Pte Ltd
| | - Yasuhiko Hayashi
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Okayama University
- Okayama
- Japan
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39
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Simultaneous improvement of performance and stability in PEDOT:PSS–sorbitol composite based flexible thermoelectric modules by novel design and fabrication process. Macromol Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-018-6008-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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40
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Zhou H, Liu G, Liu J, Wang Y, Ai Q, Huang J, Yuan Z, Tan L, Chen Y. Effective Network Formation of PEDOT by in-situ Polymerization Using Novel Organic Template and Nanocomposite Supercapacitor. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.07.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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41
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Jia H, Ju Z, Tao X, Yao X, Wang Y. P-N Conversion in a Water-Ionic Liquid Binary System for Nonredox Thermocapacitive Converters. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:7600-7605. [PMID: 28700242 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b00746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
An intriguing p-n conversion of thermoelectric property was observed in a water-ionic liquid ([EMIm][Ac]) binary system with precise control over water content. The highest p-type and n-type Seebeck coefficient were optimized at water-[EMIm][Ac] molar ratio of 2:1 and 4:1, respectively. DFT calculation illustrates that a configuration of solvent separation ion pairs is preferred at the water-[EMIm][Ac] molar ratio of 4:1, leading to the p-n conversion through weakening interaction between anion clusters and gold electrodes. Furthermore, p-n thermocapacitive converters were integrated to enhance the output Seebeck voltages. This work opens up new perspectives for harvesting low grade heat with the use of fluidic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Jia
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China , 100872, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoyang Ju
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Xinglei Tao
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China , 100872, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqian Yao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Yapei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China , 100872, Beijing, China
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42
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Fan Z, Du D, Yao H, Ouyang J. Higher PEDOT Molecular Weight Giving Rise to Higher Thermoelectric Property of PEDOT:PSS: A Comparative Study of Clevios P and Clevios PH1000. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:11732-11738. [PMID: 28293952 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b15158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is a promising candidate as the next-generation thermoelectric (TE) material. Its TE properties are strongly dependent on its chemical and electronic structures. In this paper, we investigated the effect of PEDOT molecular weight on the TE properties of PEDOT:PSS films by a comparative study on two commercial grades of PEDOT:PSS, Clevios P, and Clevios PH1000. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and Raman spectra imply that the PEDOT of Clevios PH1000 possesses longer conjugated chains than that of Clevios P. The TE properties of both the Clevios P and Clevios PH1000 films can be significantly enhanced through various post treatments, including solvent treatment, germinal diol treatment, organic solution treatment, and acid treatment. After these treatments, the treated Clevios PH1000 films constantly show both superior Seebeck coefficients and electrical conductivities over the treated Clevios P films. It is attributed to the higher molecular weight of PEDOT for the former than the latter. For the treated Clevios PH1000, longer PEDOT chains result in large PEDOT domains, facilitating the charge conduction a semimetallic behavior. Tuning the oxidation level of PEDOT:PSS is a facile way to enhance their TE property. A base treatment with sodium hydroxide was subsequently performed on both the treated Clevios P and Clevios PH1000 films. The power factors of both grades of PEDOT:PSS films were remarkably increased by a factor of 1.2-3.6. Still, both the conductivity and the Seebeck coefficient of a based-treated Clevios PH1000 film are superior over those of a control Clevios P film. The highest power factor the former is 334 μW/(m K2) for the former while only 11.4 μW/(m K2) for the latter. They are different by a factor of about 30 times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng Fan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore , Singapore 117574, Singapore
| | - Donghe Du
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore , Singapore 117574, Singapore
| | - Hongyan Yao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore , Singapore 117574, Singapore
| | - Jianyong Ouyang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore , Singapore 117574, Singapore
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43
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Wang T, Liu C, Jiang F, Xu Z, Wang X, Li X, Li C, Xu J, Yang X. Solution-processed two-dimensional layered heterostructure thin-film with optimized thermoelectric performance. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:17560-17567. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02011b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The content of rGO could alter the carrier transport barrier, and the optimizing power factor was achieved at rGO–MS2 junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongzhou Wang
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coatings
- Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University
- Nanchang
- China
| | - Congcong Liu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coatings
- Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University
- Nanchang
- China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
| | - Fengxing Jiang
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coatings
- Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University
- Nanchang
- China
| | - Zhaofen Xu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coatings
- Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University
- Nanchang
- China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coatings
- Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University
- Nanchang
- China
| | - Xia Li
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coatings
- Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University
- Nanchang
- China
| | - Changcun Li
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coatings
- Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University
- Nanchang
- China
| | - Jingkun Xu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coatings
- Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University
- Nanchang
- China
| | - Xiaowei Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tongji University
- Shanghai 201804
- China
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