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Song J, Yin X, Hu L, Su Z, Jin Y, Deng D, Li Z, Wang G, Bao Q, Tian W. Plasmon-coupled Au-nanochain functionalized PEDOT:PSS for efficient mixed tin-lead iodide perovskite solar cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:1366-1369. [PMID: 34989377 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06117h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Au nanochains with a coupled plasmonic nanostructure were first introduced into PEDOT:PSS used as a hole transport layer to fabricate mixed tin-lead PSCs. The improved electrical properties and the promotion of optical absorption contributed to a high PCE of 19.2%. Moreover, the PSCs show substantial enhancement in stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxing Song
- China-Australia Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China.
| | - Xinxing Yin
- China-Australia Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China.
| | - Lin Hu
- China-Australia Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China.
| | - Zhen Su
- China-Australia Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China.
| | - Yingzhi Jin
- China-Australia Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China.
| | - Dan Deng
- China-Australia Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China.
| | - Zaifang Li
- China-Australia Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China.
| | - Guannan Wang
- College of Biomedical Engineering & the Key Laboratory for Medical Functional Nanomaterials, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, P. R. China
| | - Qinye Bao
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Tian
- Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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2
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Wang JC, Karmakar RS, Lin TH, Wu MC, Chang KH. Reaction-inhibited interfacial coating between PEDOT:PSS sensing membrane and ITO electrode for highly-reliable piezoresistive pressure sensing applications. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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3
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Küffner J, Wahl T, Schultes M, Hanisch J, Zillner J, Ahlswede E, Powalla M. Nanoparticle Wetting Agent for Gas Stream-Assisted Blade-Coated Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:52678-52690. [PMID: 33196177 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c15428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lab-scale perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have recently reached power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of up to 25.2%. However, a reliable transfer of solution processing from spin coating to scalable printing techniques and a homogeneous deposition on large substrate sizes is challenging also caused by dewetting of the perovskite precursor solution on highly hydrophobic subjacent materials. In this work, we report the utilization of blade-coated nonconductive silicon oxide (SiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) as wetting agent for the precursor solution to enable the deposition of a homogeneous perovskite layer on the nonwetting hole transport layer (HTL). The NPs enhance the HTL surface energy, thus, wetting and homogeneous spreading of the precursor solution is strongly improved so that pinholes in the perovskite layer are avoided. In addition, we apply this concept for the first time for gas stream-assisted blade coating of PSCs and modules in the inverted (p-i-n) device architecture with poly(triaryl amine) (PTAA) as HTL on large-area substrates. To prevent void formation at the HTL interface of gas stream-assisted blade coated perovskite layers, the effect of blending small amounts of lead chloride (PbCl2) in the perovskite precursor solution is investigated, which also improves reproducibility and device performance. Following these optimizations, blade coated PSCs with 0.24 cm2 active area achieve up to 17.9% PCE. Furthermore, to prove scalability, we show enlarged substrates of up to 9 × 9 cm2 and analyze the homogeneity of the perovskite layer in blade coating direction. Moreover, by implementing the blade coated NP wetting agent, we fabricate large-area modules with a maximum PCE of 9.3% on 49.60 cm2 aperture area. This represents a further important step bringing solution-processed inverted PSCs closer to application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Küffner
- Center for Solar Energy and Hydrogen Research Baden-Württemberg (ZSW), Meitnerstrasse 1, Stuttgart, 70563, Germany
| | - Tina Wahl
- Center for Solar Energy and Hydrogen Research Baden-Württemberg (ZSW), Meitnerstrasse 1, Stuttgart, 70563, Germany
| | - Moritz Schultes
- Center for Solar Energy and Hydrogen Research Baden-Württemberg (ZSW), Meitnerstrasse 1, Stuttgart, 70563, Germany
| | - Jonas Hanisch
- Center for Solar Energy and Hydrogen Research Baden-Württemberg (ZSW), Meitnerstrasse 1, Stuttgart, 70563, Germany
| | - Julia Zillner
- Center for Solar Energy and Hydrogen Research Baden-Württemberg (ZSW), Meitnerstrasse 1, Stuttgart, 70563, Germany
| | - Erik Ahlswede
- Center for Solar Energy and Hydrogen Research Baden-Württemberg (ZSW), Meitnerstrasse 1, Stuttgart, 70563, Germany
| | - Michael Powalla
- Center for Solar Energy and Hydrogen Research Baden-Württemberg (ZSW), Meitnerstrasse 1, Stuttgart, 70563, Germany
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4
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Han W, Ren G, Liu J, Li Z, Bao H, Liu C, Guo W. Recent Progress of Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells with a Modified PEDOT:PSS Hole Transport Layer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:49297-49322. [PMID: 33089987 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c13576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has achieved the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.2% in the last 10 years, and the PCE of inverted PSCs has reached >22%. The rapid enhancement has partly benefited from the employment of suitable hole transport layers. Especially, poly(3,4-ethenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is one of the most widely used polymer hole transport materials in inverted PSCs, because of its high optical transparency in the visible region and low-temperature processing condition. However, the PCE and stability of PSCs based on pristine PEDOT:PSS are far from satisfactory, which are ascribed to low fitness between PEDOT:PSS and perovskite materials, in terms of work function, conductivity, film growth, and hydrophobicity. This paper summaries recent progress regarding to modifying/remedy the drawbacks of PEDOT:PSS to improve the PCE and stability. The systematically understanding of the mechanism of modified PEDOT:PSS and various characteristic methods are summarized here. This Review has the potential to guide the development of PSCs based on commercial PEDOT:PSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanhua Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiuming Liu
- School of Information Science and Technology, Shanghai Technology University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Zhiqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongchang Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
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5
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Más-Montoya M, Gómez P, Curiel D, da Silva I, Wang J, Janssen RAJ. A Self-Assembled Small-Molecule-Based Hole-Transporting Material for Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. Chemistry 2020; 26:10276-10282. [PMID: 32133693 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells have recently emerged as one of the most promising low-cost photovoltaic technologies. The remarkable progress of perovskite photovoltaics is closely related to advances in interfacial engineering and development of charge selective interlayers. Herein, we present the synthesis and characterization of a fused azapolyheteroaromatic small molecule, namely anthradi-7-azaindole (ADAI), with outstanding performance as a hole-transporting layer in perovskite solar cells with inverted architecture. Its molecular arrangement, induced by hydrogen-bond-directed self-assembly, favors a suitable morphology of the perovskite layer, reducing the effects of recombination as revealed by light intensity dependence, photoluminescence, and electroluminescence studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Más-Montoya
- Multifunctional Molecular Materials, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Campus of Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Paula Gómez
- Multifunctional Molecular Materials, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Campus of Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - David Curiel
- Multifunctional Molecular Materials, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Campus of Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ivan da Silva
- ISIS Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxfordshire, OX110QX, United Kingdom
| | - Junke Wang
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - René A J Janssen
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, De Zaale 20, 5612 AJ, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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6
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Parida B, Yoon S, Ryu J, Hayase S, Jeong SM, Kang DW. Boosting the Conversion Efficiency Over 20% in MAPbI 3 Perovskite Planar Solar Cells by Employing a Solution-Processed Aluminum-Doped Nickel Oxide Hole Collector. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:22958-22970. [PMID: 32326692 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c04618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently, nickel oxide (NiOx) thin films have been used as an efficient and robust hole transport layer (HTL) in inverted planar perovskite solar cells (IP-PSCs) to replace costly and unstable organic transport materials. However, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of most IP-PSCs using NiOx HTLs is rather limited below 20% due to insufficient electronic conductivity of the NiOx. In this work, solution-processed Al-doped NiOx (ANO) films are suggested as HTLs for low-cost and stable IP-PSCs. The electrical conductivity of the NiOx film is significantly enhanced by Al doping, which effectively reduces the nonradiative recombination losses at the HTL-perovskite interfaces and boosts hole extraction/transportation. The device with undoped NiOx shows the best PCE of 16.56%, whereas ANO HTL (5% doping) contributes to achieving a PCE of 20.84%, which outperforms other CH3NH3PbI3 IP-PSCs with NiOx-based HTLs reported to date. Moreover, a reliability test (1728 h storage) shows that the performance stability is enhanced by approximately 11% by employing ANO HTLs. This investigation into ANO HTLs provides a new guideline for the further development of highly efficient and reliable IP-PSCs using low-cost and robust metal oxide HTLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Parida
- School of Energy Systems Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Saemon Yoon
- School of Energy Systems Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ryu
- School of Energy Systems Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Shuzi Hayase
- Info-Powered Energy System Research Center, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Sang Mun Jeong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Won Kang
- School of Energy Systems Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
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7
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Wang W, Qin F, Zhu X, Liu Y, Jiang X, Sun L, Xie C, Zhou Y. Exploring the Chemical Interaction between Diiodooctane and PEDOT-PSS Electrode for Metal Electrode-Free Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:3800-3805. [PMID: 31880152 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b17321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Metal electrode-free organic solar cells with a printable top electrode are attractive in realizing the low cost of photovoltaics. Interaction between the printable electrode and the active layer is critical to the device performance. In this work, we report the chemical interaction between the printable polymer electrode poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and the typically used additive of 1,8-dioodooctane (DIO) in the active layer. DIO can be converted to hydrogen iodide (HI) under the acidic condition of PEDOT:PSS, and the HI chemically reduces the PEDOT:PSS with the appearance of an absorbance band at 800-1100 nm. The generation of I2 is verified by the color change of starch. The reaction results in a decrease of its work function that hinders efficient hole collection. A strategy is proposed to circumvent the detrimental interaction by inserting an ultrathin (15 nm) active layer without DIO between the initial active layer and the PEDOT:PSS electrode. A power conversion efficiency of 10.1% is achieved for the metal electrode-free nonfullerene organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , China
| | - Fei Qin
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , China
| | - Yang Liu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , China
| | - Xueshi Jiang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , China
| | - Lulu Sun
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , China
| | - Cong Xie
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , China
| | - Yinhua Zhou
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , China
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8
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Shin D, Kang D, Lee JB, Ahn JH, Cho IW, Ryu MY, Cho SW, Jung NE, Lee H, Yi Y. Electronic Structure of Nonionic Surfactant-Modified PEDOT:PSS and Its Application in Perovskite Solar Cells with Reduced Interface Recombination. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:17028-17034. [PMID: 30990013 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b01545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The interfacial properties of organolead halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) affect the exciton and charge-transport dynamics significantly. Thus, proper modification of the interfaces between perovskite and charge-transport layers is an efficient method to increase the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs. In this work, we explore the effect of a nonionic surfactant, that is, Triton X-100 (TX) additive, in the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) hole-transport layer. The electronic structure of TX-modified PEDOT:PSS is investigated with ultraviolet/X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy with various TX concentrations. The surface of the TX-modified PEDOT:PSS layer showed high TX content, and thus the semimetallic properties of PEDOT:PSS were suppressed conspicuously by its insulating nature. With the TX-modified PEDOT:PSS, the PCE of methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) PSCs increased significantly. To elucidate the origin of the improved device performance, the electrical properties and photoluminescence were investigated comprehensively. Consequently, it was found that the TX additive inhibits interface recombination between PEDOT:PSS and MAPbI3, which is caused by the suppression of semimetallic properties of the PEDOT:PSS surface. Hence, we fabricated flexible PSCs successfully using a graphene electrode and TX-modified PEDOT:PSS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Il-Wook Cho
- Department of Physics , Kangwon National University , 1 Gangwondaehak-gil , Chuncheon-si , Gangwon-do 24341 , Republic of Korea
| | - Mee-Yi Ryu
- Department of Physics , Kangwon National University , 1 Gangwondaehak-gil , Chuncheon-si , Gangwon-do 24341 , Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Wan Cho
- Department of Physics , Yonsei University , 1 Yonseidae-gil , Wonju-si , Gangwon-do 26493 , Republic of Korea
| | | | - Hyunbok Lee
- Department of Physics , Kangwon National University , 1 Gangwondaehak-gil , Chuncheon-si , Gangwon-do 24341 , Republic of Korea
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Tailoring vertical phase distribution of quasi-two-dimensional perovskite films via surface modification of hole-transporting layer. Nat Commun 2019; 10:878. [PMID: 30787289 PMCID: PMC6382759 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08843-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Vertical phase distribution plays an important role in the quasi-two-dimensional perovskite solar cells. So far, the driving force and how to tailor the vertical distribution of layer numbers have been not discussed. In this work, we report that the vertical distribution of layer numbers in the quasi-two-dimensional perovskite films deposited on a hole-transporting layer is different from that on glass substrate. The vertical distribution could be explained by the sedimentation equilibrium because of the colloidal feature of the perovskite precursors. Acid addition will change the precursors from colloid to solution that therefore changes the vertical distribution. A self-assembly layer is used to modify the acidic surface property of the hole-transporting layer that induces the appearance of desired vertical distribution for charge transport. The quasi-two-dimensional perovskite cells with the surface modification display a higher open-circuit voltage and a higher efficiency comparing to reference quasi-two-dimensional cells. Vertical phase distribution of quasi-two-dimensional perovskite plays vital roles in their optoelectronic properties. Here Liu et al. show that surface modification of the hole-transporting layer is an effective approach to control the vertical phase distribution and optimize the device efficiency.
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Khadka DB, Shirai Y, Yanagida M, Miyano K. Unraveling the Impacts Induced by Organic and Inorganic Hole Transport Layers in Inverted Halide Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:7055-7065. [PMID: 30693757 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b20924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The carrier transport layers (CTLs) have exhibited the influence on performance and stability of halide perovskite solar cells (HaPSCs). The exploration of characteristic impacts on HaPSCs induced by the CTL unveils the key factors underlying the device physics. In this work, we investigate the impacts of the organic or inorganic hole transport layer (HTL) in HaPSCs by analyzing the elemental distribution, the current-voltage characteristics, and the capacitance spectroscopy. The organic HTL device shows the lower activation energy ( EA < Eg) indicating a dominant interface-mediated recombination. The defect analysis reveals that the device with the inorganic HTL induces rather deep antisite defects with slightly higher trap densities. This is attributed to the diffusion of metal cations into the halide perovskite (HaP) during crystallization of HaP layer grown on the inorganic HTLs. Our results suggest that the passivation of deep defect and suppression of trap densities in the HaP either using ideal CTLs or optimizing the fabrication route is crucial to improving the device parameters approaching the theoretical limit.
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11
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Khadka DB, Shirai Y, Yanagida M, Noda T, Miyano K. Tailoring the Open-Circuit Voltage Deficit of Wide-Band-Gap Perovskite Solar Cells Using Alkyl Chain-Substituted Fullerene Derivatives. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:22074-22082. [PMID: 29888594 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b04439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Wide-band-gap (WB) perovskite devices are promising as the top cell of silicon-perovskite tandem devices to boost the efficiency beyond the Shockley-Queisser limit. Here, we tailor the performance parameters of WB mixed-halide perovskite solar cell with long alkyl chain-substituted fullerene derivatives as an electron transport layer (ETL). The device with C60-fused N-methylpyrrolidine- meta-dodecyl phenyl (C60MC12) demonstrates an enhanced power conversion efficiency of 16.74% with the record open circuit voltage ( VOC) of 1.24 V, an increase by 70 mV with concomitant VOC deficit reduction to 0.47 V. This is achieved by mitigating the recombination loss through the use of highly crystalline C60MC12 film compared to amorphous [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester layer. The device analysis reveals the soothing of the defect activities with shallower defect states and passivation of the interface recombination centers for the device with C60MC12. We ascribe this property to the crystallinity of fullerene derivatives as ETL, which is also important for the optimization of device parameters, besides the band alignment matching of WB perovskite devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Takeshi Noda
- Photovoltaic Materials Group , National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) , 1-2-1 Sengen , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0047 , Japan
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12
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Im S, Kim W, Cho W, Shin D, Chun DH, Rhee R, Kim JK, Yi Y, Park JH, Kim JH. Improved Stability of Interfacial Energy-Level Alignment in Inverted Planar Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:18964-18973. [PMID: 29762007 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b03543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Even though poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) has been commonly used as a hole extraction layer (HEL) for p-i-n perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the cells' photovoltaic performance deteriorates because of the low and unstable work functions (WFs) of PEDOT:PSS versus those of a perovskite layer. To overcome this drawback, we synthesized a copolymer (P(SS- co-TFPMA)) ionomer consisting of PSS and tetrafluoropropylmethacrylate (TFPMA) as an alternative to conventional PEDOT:PSS. The PEDOT:P(SS- co-TFPMA) copolymer solution and its film exhibited excellent homogeneity and high phase stability compared with a physical mixture of TFPMA with PEDOT:PSS solution. During spin coating, a self-organized conducting PEDOT:P(SS- co-TFPMA) HEL evolved and the topmost PEDOT:P(SS- co-TFPMA) film showed a hydrophobic surface with a higher WF compared to that of the pristine PEDOT:PSS film because of its chemically bonded electron-withdrawing fluorinated functional groups. Interestingly, the WF of the conventional PEDOT:PSS film dramatically deteriorated after being coated with a perovskite layer, whereas the PEDOT:P(SS- co-TFPMA) film represented a relatively small influence. Because of the superior energy-level alignment between the HEL and a perovskite layer even after the contact, the open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, and fill factor of the inverted planar p-i-n PSCs (IP-PSCs) with PEDOT:P(SS- co-TFPMA) were improved from 0.92 to 0.98 V, 18.96 to 19.66 mA/cm2, and 78.96 to 82.43%, respectively, resulting in a 15% improvement in the power conversion efficiency vs that of IP-PSCs with conventional PEDOT:PSS. Moreover, the IP-PSCs with PEDOT:P(SS- co-TFPMA) layer showed not only improved photovoltaic performance but also enhanced device stability due to hydrophobic surface of PEDOT:P(SS- co-TFPMA) film.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jung Kyu Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering , Sungkyunkwan University , 2066 Seobu-ro , Jagnan-gu, Suwon , Gyeonggi-do 16419 , Republic of Korea
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Hu L, Sun K, Wang M, Chen W, Yang B, Fu J, Xiong Z, Li X, Tang X, Zang Z, Zhang S, Sun L, Li M. Inverted Planar Perovskite Solar Cells with a High Fill Factor and Negligible Hysteresis by the Dual Effect of NaCl-Doped PEDOT:PSS. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:43902-43909. [PMID: 29211448 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b14592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The performance of inverted perovskite solar cells is highly dependent on hole extraction and surface properties of hole transport layers. To highlight the important role of hole transport layers, a facile and simple method is developed by adding sodium chloride (NaCl) into poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). The average power conversion efficiency of the perovskite solar cells prepared on NaCl-doped PEDOT:PSS is 17.1% with negligible hysteresis, compared favorably to the control devices (15.1%). Particularly, they exhibit markedly improved Voc and fill factor (FF), with the best FF as high as 81.9%. The enhancement of photovoltaic performance is ascribed to two effects. Better conductivity and hole extraction of PEDOT:PSS are observed after NaCl doping. More intriguingly, the perovskite polycrystalline film shows a preferred orientation along the (001) direction on NaCl-doped PEDOT:PSS, leading to a more uniform thin film. The comparison of the crystal structure between NaCl and MAPbCl3 indicates a lattice constant mismatch less than 2% and a matched chlorine atom arrangement on the (001) surface, which implies that the NaCl crystallites on the top surface of PEDOT:PSS might serve as seeds guiding the growth of perovskite crystals. This simple method is fully compatible with printing technologies to mass-produce perovskite solar cells with high efficiency and tunable crystal orientations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Low-Grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Ministry of Education, School of Power Engineering, Chongqing University , Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Kuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Low-Grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Ministry of Education, School of Power Engineering, Chongqing University , Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems, Ministry of Education , Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Low-Grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Ministry of Education, School of Power Engineering, Chongqing University , Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems, Ministry of Education , Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Jiehao Fu
- Key Laboratory of Low-Grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Ministry of Education, School of Power Engineering, Chongqing University , Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Zhuang Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Low-Grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Ministry of Education, School of Power Engineering, Chongqing University , Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xinyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Low-Grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Ministry of Education, School of Power Engineering, Chongqing University , Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xiaosheng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems, Ministry of Education , Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Zhigang Zang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems, Ministry of Education , Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Shupeng Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Lidong Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University , Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Meng Li
- Key Laboratory of Low-Grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Ministry of Education, School of Power Engineering, Chongqing University , Chongqing 400044, China
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