1
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Liu J, Wang T, Sun H. Crystalline Nanoflowers Derived from the Intramolecular Cyclization-Induced Self-Assembly of an Amorphous Poly(amic acid) at High Solid Content. ACS Macro Lett 2024; 13:1139-1146. [PMID: 39145765 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
The investigation of the amorphous to crystalline transformation and the corresponding influence on the self-assembly behavior of amphiphilic polymers are of significant interest in this field. Herein, we propose the concept of intramolecular cyclization-induced self-assembly (ICISA) to prepare crystalline nanoflowers at a high solid content of 15% on the basis of the amorphous to crystalline transformation of poly(amic acid) (PAA). Taking advantage of the reactive property of the PAA, rigid and crystalline polyimide (PI) segments are introduced to the backbone of the PAA to give P(AA-stat-I) induced by the intramolecular cyclization reaction upon thermal treatment, leading to the in situ formation of crystalline nanoflowers. Revealing the formation mechanism of the nanoflowers, we found that the nanosheets are formed at the early stage and then stacked to form the nanoflowers at high concentrations. The relationship between the degree of imidization and incubation temperature is quantitatively analyzed, and the effects of temperature on the morphology, degree of imidization, and crystallinity of the assemblies are also investigated. Furthermore, computer simulations demonstrate the optimized temperature of ICISA of 160 °C, which ensures the match between the intramolecular cyclization reaction rate, the self-assembly process, and the lowest energy state of the self-assembly system, resulting in the formation of nanoflowers with high crystallinity. Overall, a facile one-step strategy is proposed to prepare crystalline nanoflowers based on the in situ thermally triggered intramolecular cyclization reaction of a PAA, which may bring fresh insights into the dynamic amorphous to the crystalline transformation of polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Hui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
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2
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Xu C, Zheng MX, Wei Y, Yuan JY. Liquid Crystalline Nanoparticles via Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly: Morphology Evolution and Function Regulation. Chemistry 2023:e202303586. [PMID: 38079233 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LC NPs) are a kind of polymer NPs with LC mesogens, which can form special anisotropic morphologies due to the influence of LC ordering. Owing to the stimuli-responsiveness of the LC blocks, LC NPs show abundant morphology evolution behaviors in response to external regulation. LC NPs have great application potential in nano-devices, drug delivery, special fibers and other fields. Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) method can synthesize LC NPs at high solid content, reducing the harsh demand for reaction solvent of the LC polymers, being a better choice for large-scale production. In this review, we introduced recent research progress of PISA-LC NPs by dividing them into several parts according to the LC mesogen, and discussed the improvement of experimental conditions and the potential application of these polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Xu
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ming-Xin Zheng
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yen Wei
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jin-Ying Yuan
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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3
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Liu Y, Zeng Q, Li Z, Chen A, Guan J, Wang H, Wang S, Zhang L. Recent Development in Topological Polymer Electrolytes for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2206978. [PMID: 36999829 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202206978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are still being considered as a candidate to replace liquid electrolytes for high-safety and flexible lithium batteries due to their superiorities including light-weight, good flexibility, and shape versatility. However, inefficient ion transportation of linear polymer electrolytes is still the biggest challenge. To improve ion transport capacity, developing novel polymer electrolytes are supposed to be an effective strategy. Nonlinear topological structures such as hyperbranched, star-shaped, comb-like, and brush-like types have highly branched features. Compared with linear polymer electrolytes, topological polymer electrolytes possess more functional groups, lower crystallization, glass transition temperature, and better solubility. Especially, a large number of functional groups are beneficial to dissociation of lithium salt for improving the ion conductivity. Furthermore, topological polymers have strong design ability to meet the requirements of comprehensive performances of SPEs. In this review, the recent development in topological polymer electrolytes is summarized and their design thought is analyzed. Outlooks are also provided for the development of future SPEs. It is expected that this review can raise a strong interest in the structural design of advanced polymer electrolyte, which can give inspirations for future research on novel SPEs and promote the development of next-generation high-safety flexible energy storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qinghui Zeng
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhenfeng Li
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Anqi Chen
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiazhu Guan
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Honghao Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics & Information Displays (SKLOEID) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Liaoyun Zhang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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4
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Chen D, Quah T, Delaney KT, Fredrickson GH. Investigation of the Self-Assembly Behavior of Statistical Bottlebrush Copolymers via Self-Consistent Field Theory Simulations. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Duyu Chen
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California93106, United States
| | - Timothy Quah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California93106, United States
| | - Kris T. Delaney
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California93106, United States
| | - Glenn H. Fredrickson
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California93106, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California93106, United States
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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5
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Park J, Nam J, Seo M, Li S. Side-Chain Density Driven Morphology Transition in Brush-Linear Diblock Copolymers. ACS Macro Lett 2022; 11:468-474. [PMID: 35575336 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.2c00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and self-assembly of brush-linear diblock copolymers with variable side-chain length and density. Poly(pentafluorophenyl acrylate-g-ethylene glycol)-b-polystyrene ((PPFPA-g-PEG)-b-PS) brush-linear diblock copolymers are prepared by sequential reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of PPFPA and PS, followed by postpolymerization reaction between the precursor PPFPA-b-PS diblock copolymer and amine-functionalized PEG. By controlling the PEG chain length and the degree of substitution, we obtained brush-linear diblock copolymers with different side-chain lengths and densities. The solid-state morphologies of the diblocks are then examined by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). At low PEG side-chain density, the segregation of PEG and PS away from PPFPA leads to the formation of PEG and PS lamellar domains with PPFPA in the interface. At high PEG side-chain density, the segregation is between the PPFPA-g-PEG brush block and the PS linear block, and the domain morphology is determined by the composition of the brush block. A partial experimental phase diagram is presented, and it illustrates the importance of both side-chain length and density on the microdomain morphology of brush-linear diblock copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaemin Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Myungeun Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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6
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Mayer A, Steinle D, Passerini S, Bresser D. Block copolymers as (single-ion conducting) lithium battery electrolytes. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 33:062002. [PMID: 34624873 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac2e21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state batteries are considered the next big step towards the realization of intrinsically safer high-energy lithium batteries for the steadily increasing implementation of this technology in electronic devices and particularly, electric vehicles. However, so far only electrolytes based on poly(ethylene oxide) have been successfully commercialized despite their limited stability towards oxidation and low ionic conductivity at room temperature. Block copolymer (BCP) electrolytes are believed to provide significant advantages thanks to their tailorable properties. Thus, research activities in this field have been continuously expanding in recent years with great progress to enhance their performance and deepen the understanding towards the interplay between their chemistry, structure, electrochemical properties, and charge transport mechanism. Herein, we review this progress with a specific focus on the block-copolymer nanostructure and ionic conductivity, the latest works, as well as the early studies that are fr"equently overlooked by researchers newly entering this field. Moreover, we discuss the impact of adding a lithium salt in comparison to single-ion conducting BCP electrolytes along with the encouraging features of these materials and the remaining challenges that are yet to be solved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Mayer
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU), Helmholtzstrasse 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), PO Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Dominik Steinle
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU), Helmholtzstrasse 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), PO Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Stefano Passerini
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU), Helmholtzstrasse 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), PO Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Dominic Bresser
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU), Helmholtzstrasse 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), PO Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
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7
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Safety-enhanced Polymer Electrolytes with High Ambient-temperature Lithium-ion Conductivity Based on ABA Triblock Copolymers. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-021-2648-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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8
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Hao SM, Liang S, Sewell CD, Li Z, Zhu C, Xu J, Lin Z. Lithium-Conducting Branched Polymers: New Paradigm of Solid-State Electrolytes for Batteries. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:7435-7447. [PMID: 34515493 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The past decades have witnessed rapid development of lithium-based batteries. Significant research efforts have been progressively diverted from electrodes to electrolytes, particularly polymer electrolytes (PEs), to tackle the safety concern and promote the energy storage capability of batteries. To further increase the ionic conductivity of PEs, various branched polymers (BPs) have been rationally designed and synthesized. Compared with linear polymers, branched architectures effectively increase polymer segmental mobility, restrain crystallization, and reduce chain entanglement, thereby rendering BPs with greatly enhanced lithium transport. In this Mini Review, a diversity of BPs for PEs is summarized by scrutinizing their unique topologies and properties. Subsequently, the design principles for enhancing the physical properties, mechanical properties, and electrochemical performance of BP-based PEs (BP-PEs) are provided in which the ionic conduction is particularly examined in light of the Li+ transport mechanism. Finally, the challenges and future prospects of BP-PEs in this rapidly evolving field are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Meng Hao
- Institute of Low-Dimensional Materials Genome Initiative, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Shuang Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Christopher D Sewell
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Zili Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Caizhen Zhu
- Institute of Low-Dimensional Materials Genome Initiative, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
| | - Jian Xu
- Institute of Low-Dimensional Materials Genome Initiative, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqun Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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9
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Liu D, Tang Z, Luo L, Yang W, Liu Y, Shen Z, Fan XH. Self-Healing Solid Polymer Electrolyte with High Ion Conductivity and Super Stretchability for All-Solid Zinc-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:36320-36329. [PMID: 34309364 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c09200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The zinc-ion battery (ZIB) is a novel energy storage device, an attractive alternative to the lithium-ion battery. The frequently used aqueous electrolyte suffers from many problems such as zinc dendrites and leakage, which prompts hydrogel electrolytes and solid electrolytes as good replacements. However, hydrogel electrolytes are usually unstable, owing to water volatilization. Herein, a novel solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) utilizing coordination of zinc ions is designed and then introduced into an all-solid ZIB. Benefiting from the unique coordination structure between the polymer and zinc ions, the SPE shows outstanding flexibility, high ion conductivity, and self-healing properties. In addition, the imine bonds in the polymer allow the electrolyte to degrade in acid environments, endowing its recyclability. More importantly, solid-state ZIBs based on the polymer electrolytes exhibit an impressive cycling stability (125% capacity retention after 300 cycles) and a high coulombic efficiency (94% after 300 cycles). The results demonstrate the promising potentials of the developed SPEs that can be used in all-solid ZIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhehao Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Longfei Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Weilu Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhihao Shen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xing-He Fan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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10
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11
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Surface-Initiated Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (SI-ROMP): History, General Features, and Applications in Surface Engineering with Polymer Brushes. INT J POLYM SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/6677049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface-Initiated Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (SI-ROMP) has attracted great attention in the past two decades because of its high efficiency in decorating material surfaces with functional polymer brushes. To fill the vacancy of review articles in SI-ROMP, this article is aimed at giving an overview of the history, the general features and procedures, and applications of SI-ROMP, guiding future researchers in this field. In general, SI-ROMP consists of three main steps: surface functionalization with olefin anchors, attachment of catalyst to the surface, and polymerization from the surface. Several metal-based catalysts for ROMP in solution have been developed, but most SI-ROMP reactions use the ruthenium-based Grubbs catalysts. SI-ROMP enables the rapid growth of polymer films on a large variety of substrates such as silica, gold, graphene oxides, carbon nanotubes, metal oxide nanowires, and composite polymer membranes. There are many methods to characterize these polymer brushes. In addition, some novel techniques have been developed to precisely control the surface polymer growth and lead to polymer films with unique structures and functions. Up to this day, SI-ROMP can be applied to the surface engineering of many novel materials, including ultrahydrophobic surfaces, microfluidic channels, electric devices, ion exchange media, and responsive surfaces.
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12
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Zhang ZK, Guo XS, Zhang TY, Wang RY, Du BY, Xu JT. Hierarchical Structures with Double Lower Disorder-to-Order Transition and Closed-Loop Phase Behaviors in Charged Block Copolymers Bearing Long Alkyl Side Groups. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Kun Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xiao-Shuai Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Tian-Yu Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Rui-Yang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Bin-Yang Du
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jun-Ting Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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13
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Li S, Xiao Z, Guo K, Gan H, Wang J, Zhang Y, Yu L, Xue Z. Stabilizing Liquid Electrolytes in a Porous PVDF Matrix Incorporated with Star Polymers with Linear PEG Arms and CycloPEG Cores. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:9616-9625. [PMID: 32787134 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Porous membranes fabricated from poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and a star polymer with linear poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) arms and cycloPEG cores were fabricated via the phase-separation method. The porous gel polymer electrolytes (PGPEs) were obtained by immersing the porous membranes in the electrolyte solution. When the additive amount of star polymer was up to 20 wt %, the prepared membrane had the largest porosity and the pores were uniformly distributed in the membrane. The star polymer can not only decrease the crystallization of PVDF and enhance the absorption of liquid electrolyte but also offer ion conduction channels (cycloPEG cores). Therefore, the PGPE with 20 wt % star polymers exhibited competitive ionic conductivities of 1.27 mS cm-1 at 30 °C and 2.89 mS cm-1 at 80 °C. To stabilize the liquid electrolyte in the holes of porous membranes, a gelator was introduced in the liquid electrolyte to form gelled porous gel polymer electrolytes (GPGPEs), and the leakage of liquid electrolytes was thus remarkably reduced. The ionic conductivity of GPGPEs with 20 wt % star polymer and 1.5 wt % gelator was importantly improved at high temperatures (6.02 mS cm-1 at 80 °C). We systematically investigated the electrochemical performances of PGPEs without star polymer, PGPEs with star polymer, and GPGPEs with star polymer. The incorporation of star polymers with linear PEG arms and cycloPEG cores into the PGPEs and GPGPEs significantly improved the electrochemical performances of the lithium metal/LiFePO4 cell assembled with the PGPEs or GPGPEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqiao Li
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhuliu Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Kairui Guo
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Huihui Gan
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jirong Wang
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Liping Yu
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhigang Xue
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mold Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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14
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Lyu X, Xiao A, Shi D, Li Y, Shen Z, Chen EQ, Zheng S, Fan XH, Zhou QF. Liquid crystalline polymers: Discovery, development, and the future. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Sharon D, Bennington P, Dolejsi M, Webb MA, Dong BX, de Pablo JJ, Nealey PF, Patel SN. Intrinsic Ion Transport Properties of Block Copolymer Electrolytes. ACS NANO 2020; 14:8902-8914. [PMID: 32496776 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c03713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of intrinsic properties is of central importance for materials design and assessing suitability for specific applications. Self-assembling block copolymer electrolytes (BCEs) are of great interest for applications in solid-state energy storage devices. A fundamental understanding of ion transport properties, however, is hindered by the difficulty in deconvoluting extrinsic factors, such as defects, from intrinsic factors, such as the presence of interfaces between the domains. Here, we quantify the intrinsic ion transport properties of a model BCE system consisting of poly(styrene-block-ethylene oxide) (SEO) and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) salt using a generalizable strategy of depositing thin films on interdigitated electrodes and self-assembling fully connected parallel lamellar structures throughout the films. Comparison between conductivity in homopolymer poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-LiTFSI electrolytes and the analogous conducting material in SEO over a range of salt concentrations (r, molar ratio of lithium ion to ethylene oxide repeat units) and temperatures reveals that between 20% and 50% of the PEO in SEO is inactive. Using mean-field theory calculations of the domain structure and monomer concentration profiles at domain interfaces-both of which vary substantially with salt concentration-the fraction of inactive PEO in the SEO, as derived from conductivity measurements, can be quantitatively reconciled with the fraction of PEO that is mixed with greater than a few volume percent of polystyrene. Despite the detrimental interfacial effects for ion transport in BCEs, the intrinsic conductivity of the SEO studied here (ca. 10-3 S/cm at 90 °C, r = 0.085) is an order of magnitude higher than reported values from bulk samples of similar molecular weight SEO (ca. 10-4 S/cm at 90 °C, r = 0.085). Overall, this work provides motivation and methods for pursuing improved BCE chemical design, interfacial engineering, and processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sharon
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Center for Molecular Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Peter Bennington
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Moshe Dolejsi
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Michael A Webb
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, 50-70 Olden Street, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, United States
| | - Ban Xuan Dong
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Juan J de Pablo
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Center for Molecular Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Paul F Nealey
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Center for Molecular Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Shrayesh N Patel
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Center for Molecular Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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16
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Bandara TMWJ, Senavirathna SLN, Wickramasinghe HMN, Vignarooban K, De Silva LA, Dissanayake MAKL, Albinsson I, Mellander BE. Binary counter ion effects and dielectric behavior of iodide ion conducting gel-polymer electrolytes for high-efficiency quasi-solid-state solar cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:12532-12543. [PMID: 32452493 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01547d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of highly efficient quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) is prepared by harnessing the binary cation effect and positive effects of the selected performance enhancers of gel-polymer electrolytes. The new electrolyte is composed of polyacrylonitrile polymer, tetra-hexylammonium iodide (Hex4NI) and KI binary salts as well as 4-tertbutylpyridine and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide performance enhancers. The charge transport in the series of electrolytes is thermally activated and, accordingly, the temperature dependence of conductivity follows the VTF behavior. The enhancement of conductivity is observed with an increasing mass fraction of KI and decreasing mass fraction of Hex4NI, while the total mass fraction of salts in the electrolyte is kept unchanged. The highest conductivity of 3.74 mS cm-1 at ambient temperature is shown by the sample containing KI only (without Hex4NI) at all the temperatures. The effects of dielectric polarization of the electrolytes are studied by analyzing the frequency dependence of the real and the imaginary parts of the AC conductivity in detail. Appropriate and reproducible cell construction are assured by efficiencies of above 5% exhibited by all the quasi-solid-state DSCs assembled using double-layered TiO2 photo-electrodes and the new electrolyte series. Besides, highlighting the mixed cation effect, the cells with mixed salts exhibited efficiencies greater than 6%. An impressively high efficiency of 7.36% was shown by the DSC prepared with electrolyte containing 75 wt% KI and 25 wt% Hex4NI. This study reveals that the salt combination of KI and Hex4NI, which has not been reported before, is a suitable binary iodide salt mixture to prepare highly efficient DSCs. The replacement of tetra-hexylammonium ions by K+ ions improves the charge transport in the electrolyte; however, the best solar cell performance is shown by the mixed salt system with 75 wt% KI and 25 wt% Hex4NI, which is not the highest conductivity composition. Therefore, the exhibited high efficiency of 7.36% is evidently due to the binary cation effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M W J Bandara
- Department of Physics and Postgraduate Institute of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
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17
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Ivanov IV, Meleshko TK, Kashina AV, Yakimansky AV. Amphiphilic multicomponent molecular brushes. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Multicomponent molecular brushes containing amphiphilic polymer moieties are promising objects of research of macromolecular chemistry. The development of stimulus-responsive systems sensitive to changes in environmental parameters, based on the molecular brushes, opens up new possibilities for their applications in medicine, biochemistry and microelectronics. The review presents the current understanding of the structures of main types of amphiphilic multicomponent brushes, depending on the chemical nature and type of coupling of the backbone and side chains. The approaches to the controlled synthesis of multicomponent molecular brushes of different architecture are analyzed. Self-assembly processes of multicomponent molecular brushes in selective solvents are considered.
The bibliography includes 259 references.
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18
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Li S, Jiang K, Wang J, Zuo C, Jo YH, He D, Xie X, Xue Z. Molecular Brush with Dense PEG Side Chains: Design of a Well-Defined Polymer Electrolyte for Lithium-Ion Batteries. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqiao Li
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ke Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jirong Wang
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Cai Zuo
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ye Hyang Jo
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Dan He
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaolin Xie
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhigang Xue
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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19
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Longstaff M, Gardiner K, Zhuravlev R, Finney J, Waldow DA. Characterization of morphology in ring-opening metathesis polymerized novel solid block copolymer electrolytes by atomic force microscopy and X-ray scattering. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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20
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Choinopoulos I. Grubbs' and Schrock's Catalysts, Ring Opening Metathesis Polymerization and Molecular Brushes-Synthesis, Characterization, Properties and Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E298. [PMID: 30960282 PMCID: PMC6419171 DOI: 10.3390/polym11020298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, molecular brushes and other macromolecular architectures bearing a bottlebrush segment where the main chain is synthesized by ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) mediated by Mo or Ru metal complexes are considered. A brief review of metathesis and ROMP is presented in order to understand the problems and the solutions provided through the years. The synthetic strategies towards bottlebrush copolymers are demonstrated and each one discussed separately. The initiators/catalysts for the synthesis of the backbone with ROMP are discussed. Syntheses of molecular brushes are presented. The most interesting properties of the bottlebrushes are detailed. Finally, the applications studied by different groups are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Choinopoulos
- Department of Chemistry, Industrial Chemistry Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece.
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21
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Zhang G, Hong YL, Nishiyama Y, Bai S, Kitagawa S, Horike S. Accumulation of Glassy Poly(ethylene oxide) Anchored in a Covalent Organic Framework as a Solid-State Li + Electrolyte. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:1227-1234. [PMID: 30576136 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b07670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Design of molecular structures showing fast ion conductive/transport pathways in the solid state has been a significant challenge. The amorphous or glassy phase in organic polymers works well for fast ion conductivity because of their dynamic and random structure. However, the main issue with these polymers has been the difficulty in elucidating the mechanisms of ion conduction and thus low designability. Furthermore, the amorphous or glassy state of ion conductive polymers often confronts the problems of structural/mechanical stabilities. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are an emerging class of crystalline organic polymers with periodic structure and tunable functionality, which exhibit potential as a unique ion conductor/transporter. Here, we describe the use of a COF as a medium for all-solid-state Li+ conductivity. A bottom-up self-assembly approach was applied to covalently reticulate the flexible, bulky, and glassy poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) moieties that can solvate Li+ for fast transport by their segmental motion in the rigid two-dimensional COF architectures. Temperature-dependent powder X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis showed that the periodic structures are intact even above 300 °C, and differential scanning calorimetry and solid-state NMR revealed that the accumulated PEO chains are highly dynamic and exhibit a glassy state. Li+ conductivity was found to depend on the dynamics and length of PEO chains in the crystalline states, and solid-state Li+ conductivity of 1.33 × 10-3 S cm-1 was achieved at 200 °C after LiTFSI doping. The high conductivity at the specified temperature remains intact for extended periods of time as a result of the structure's robustness. Furthermore, we demonstrated the first application of a COF electrolyte in an all-solid-state Li battery at 100 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - You-Lee Hong
- RIKEN CLST-JEOL Collaboration Center , Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045 , Japan
| | - Yusuke Nishiyama
- RIKEN CLST-JEOL Collaboration Center , Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045 , Japan.,JEOL RESONANCE Inc. , 3-1-2 Musashino , Akishima, Tokyo 196-8558 , Japan
| | | | | | - Satoshi Horike
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Kyoto University , Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510 , Japan
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22
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Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2017. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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23
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Li YJ, Fan CY, Zhang JP, Wu XL. A promising PMHS/PEO blend polymer electrolyte for all-solid-state lithium ion batteries. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:14932-14937. [PMID: 30252011 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02904k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Solid-state lithium metal batteries have emerged as a promising alternative to existing liquid Li-ion batteries and can power the future storage market considering their higher energy outputs and better safety. Among various solid electrolytes, polymer electrolytes have received more attention due to their potential advantages, including wide electrochemical windows, ease of processing, low interface impedance and low cost. Polymeric electrolytes based on poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) as a well-known polymer matrix have been extensively studied because of their highly flexible EO segments in the amorphous phase that can provide channels for lithium ion transport. However, obtaining a PEO-based solid electrolyte with high Li ion conductivity and without sacrificing mechanical strength is still a huge challenge. In this study, polymethylhydrogen-siloxane (PMHS) with low glass transition temperature and good flexibility was blended into the PEO to optimize ion transportation by the solution casting technique. The hybrid electrolyte membrane with 40% PMHS exhibited high ionic conductivity (2.0 × 10-2 S cm-1 at 80 °C), large electrochemical windows (5.2 V), a high degree of flexibility, and thermal stability. When assembling a Li/LiFePO4 battery, a reversible capacity close to 140 mA h g-1 (0.1 C) at 60 °C was delivered. In addition, a cell with this polymer electrolyte exhibits excellent stability. These results demonstrate that solid polymer electrolyte systems are eligible for next-generation high energy density all-solid-state lithium ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jing Li
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P. R. China.
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Zhang L, Yao W, Gao Y, Zhang C, Yang H. Polysiloxane-Based Side Chain Liquid Crystal Polymers: From Synthesis to Structure⁻Phase Transition Behavior Relationships. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E794. [PMID: 30960718 PMCID: PMC6403854 DOI: 10.3390/polym10070794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Organosilicon polymer materials play an important role in certain applications due to characteristics of much lower glass transition temperatures (Tg), viscosities, surface energy, as well as good mechanical, thermal stabilities, and insulation performance stemming from the higher bond energy and the larger bond angles of the adjacent silicon-oxygen bond. This critical review highlights developments in the synthesis, structure, and phase transition behaviors of polysiloxane-based side chain liquid crystal polymers (PSCLCPs) of linear and cyclic polysiloxanes containing homopolymers and copolymers. Detailed synthetic strategies are elaborated, and the relationship between molecular structures and liquid crystalline phase transition behaviors is systematically discussed, providing theoretical guidance on the molecular design of the materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanying Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Wenhuan Yao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Yanzi Gao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Cuihong Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Huai Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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Wang A, Liu X, Wang S, Chen J, Xu H, Xing Q, Zhang L. Polymeric ionic liquid enhanced all-solid-state electrolyte membrane for high-performance lithium-ion batteries. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.04.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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26
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Self-assembly and Properties of Block Copolymers Containing Mesogen-Jacketed Liquid Crystalline Polymers as Rod Blocks. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-018-2115-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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27
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Huang W, Pan Q, Qi H, Li X, Tu Y, Li CY. Poly(butylene terephthalate)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) alternating multiblock copolymers: Synthesis and application in solid polymer electrolytes. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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