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Xie X, Liu D, Wang W, Xiang J, Yang M, Liu G. Microelectrode-Based Electrochemical Impedance Determination of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Aqueous Humor for Diagnosis of Glaucoma. Anal Chem 2023; 95:2087-2093. [PMID: 36628978 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The abundance of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in aqueous humor (AH) is an ideal biomarker for the diagnosis of glaucoma, a chronic progressive optic neuropathy and the most frequent cause of irreversible blindness. The difficulty of AH-based BDNF detection is from the small amount of extracted AH in a paracentesis (<100 μL) and the ultra-low abundance of BDNF. In this work, we systematically studied the non-specific adsorption of biofluids on the bare gold electrode by electrochemistry and Raman spectroscopy techniques, revealing the unexpected negative correlation of the extent of non-specific adsorption with the size of the electrode. Based on it, a simple microelectrode-based sensor without the introduction of the blocking layer was developed for the detection of BDNF in the AH sample. Using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and extracting the changes of electron-transfer resistance of the electrochemical probe [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- on the sensor surface, the BDNF was quantified. The dynamic range was from 0.5 to 50 pg·mL-1, with a detection limit of 0.3 pg·mL-1 and a sample consumption of 5 μL. The real AH sample analysis confirmed the significant decrease of BDNF abundance in the AH of glaucoma patients. Our microelectrode-based EIS sensor displayed prominent advantages on simplified preparation, sensitive response, and low sample consumption. This AH-based BDNF analysis is expected to be used for the screening and diagnosis of glaucoma, especially for the high-risk population who have ocular diseases and have to undergo surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xie
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha410083, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Central South University, Changsha410083, P. R. China
| | - Dan Liu
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha410083, P. R. China
| | - Weili Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen361102, China
| | - Juan Xiang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha410083, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Central South University, Changsha410083, P. R. China
| | - Minghui Yang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha410083, P. R. China
| | - Guokun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen361102, China
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2
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A Review on Flexible Electrochemical Biosensors to Monitor Alcohol in Sweat. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12040252. [PMID: 35448313 PMCID: PMC9026542 DOI: 10.3390/bios12040252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The continued focus on improving the quality of human life has encouraged the development of increasingly efficient, durable, and cost-effective products in healthcare. Over the last decade, there has been substantial development in the field of technical and interactive textiles that combine expertise in electronics, biology, chemistry, and physics. Most recently, the creation of textile biosensors capable of quantifying biometric data in biological fluids is being studied, to detect a specific disease or the physical condition of an individual. The ultimate goal is to provide access to medical diagnosis anytime and anywhere. Presently, alcohol is considered the most commonly used addictive substance worldwide, being one of the main causes of death in road accidents. Thus, it is important to think of solutions capable of minimizing this public health problem. Alcohol biosensors constitute an excellent tool to aid at improving road safety. Hence, this review explores concepts about alcohol biomarkers, the composition of human sweat and the correlation between alcohol and blood. Different components and requirements of a biosensor are reviewed, along with the electrochemical techniques to evaluate its performance, in addition to construction techniques of textile-based biosensors. Special attention is given to the determination of biomarkers that must be low cost and fast, so the use of biomimetic materials to recognize and detect the target analyte is turning into an attractive option to improve electrochemical behavior.
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Zhang H, Li X, Zhu Q, Wang Z. The recent development of nanomaterials enhanced paper-based electrochemical analytical devices. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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4
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Manousiouthakis E, Park J, Hardy JG, Lee JY, Schmidt CE. Towards the translation of electroconductive organic materials for regeneration of neural tissues. Acta Biomater 2022; 139:22-42. [PMID: 34339871 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Carbon-based conductive and electroactive materials (e.g., derivatives of graphene, fullerenes, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyaniline) have been studied since the 1970s for use in a broad range of applications. These materials have electrical properties comparable to those of commonly used metals, while providing other benefits such as flexibility in processing and modification with biologics (e.g., cells, biomolecules), to yield electroactive materials with biomimetic mechanical and chemical properties. In this review, we focus on the uses of these electroconductive materials in the context of the central and peripheral nervous system, specifically recent studies in the peripheral nerve, spinal cord, brain, eye, and ear. We also highlight in vivo studies and clinical trials, as well as a snapshot of emerging classes of electroconductive materials (e.g., biodegradable materials). We believe such specialized electrically conductive biomaterials will clinically impact the field of tissue regeneration in the foreseeable future. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This review addresses the use of conductive and electroactive materials for neural tissue regeneration, which is of significant interest to a broad readership, and of particular relevance to the growing community of scientists, engineers and clinicians in academia and industry who develop novel medical devices for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The review covers the materials that may be employed (primarily focusing on derivatives of fullerenes, graphene and conjugated polymers) and techniques used to analyze materials composed thereof, followed by sections on the application of these materials to nervous tissues (i.e., peripheral nerve, spinal cord, brain, optical, and auditory tissues) throughout the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleana Manousiouthakis
- Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, FL, United States
| | - Junggeon Park
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - John G Hardy
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom; Materials Science Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom.
| | - Jae Young Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
| | - Christine E Schmidt
- Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, FL, United States.
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5
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Kannan P, Maduraiveeran G. Bimetallic Nanomaterials-Based Electrochemical Biosensor Platforms for Clinical Applications. MICROMACHINES 2021; 13:mi13010076. [PMID: 35056240 PMCID: PMC8779820 DOI: 10.3390/mi13010076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is a foremost health issue that results in ~4 million deaths every year and ~170 million people suffering globally. Though there is no treatment for diabetes yet, the blood glucose level of diabetic patients should be checked closely to avoid further problems. Screening glucose in blood has become a vital requirement, and thus the fabrication of advanced and sensitive blood sugar detection methodologies for clinical analysis and individual care. Bimetallic nanoparticles (BMNPs) are nanosized structures that are of rising interest in many clinical applications. Although their fabrication shares characteristics with physicochemical methodologies for the synthesis of corresponding mono-metallic counterparts, they can display several interesting new properties and applications as a significance of the synergetic effect between their two components. These applications can be as diverse as clinical diagnostics, anti-bacterial/anti-cancer treatments or biological imaging analyses, and drug delivery. However, the exploitation of BMNPs in such fields has received a small amount of attention predominantly due to the vital lack of understanding and concerns mainly on the usage of other nanostructured materials, such as stability and bio-degradability over extended-time, ability to form clusters, chemical reactivity, and biocompatibility. In this review article, a close look at bimetallic nanomaterial based glucose biosensing approaches is discussed, concentrating on their clinical applications as detection of glucose in various real sample sources, showing substantial development of their features related to corresponding monometallic counterparts and other existing used nanomaterials for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palanisamy Kannan
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
- Correspondence: (P.K.); (G.M.); Tel.: +86-19857386580 (P.K.); +91-9843911472 (G.M.)
| | - Govindhan Maduraiveeran
- Materials Electrochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
- Correspondence: (P.K.); (G.M.); Tel.: +86-19857386580 (P.K.); +91-9843911472 (G.M.)
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6
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Bucur B, Purcarea C, Andreescu S, Vasilescu A. Addressing the Selectivity of Enzyme Biosensors: Solutions and Perspectives. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:3038. [PMID: 33926034 PMCID: PMC8123588 DOI: 10.3390/s21093038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatic biosensors enjoy commercial success and are the subject of continued research efforts to widen their range of practical application. For these biosensors to reach their full potential, their selectivity challenges need to be addressed by comprehensive, solid approaches. This review discusses the status of enzymatic biosensors in achieving accurate and selective measurements via direct biocatalytic and inhibition-based detection, with a focus on electrochemical enzyme biosensors. Examples of practical solutions for tackling the activity and selectivity problems and preventing interferences from co-existing electroactive compounds in the samples are provided such as the use of permselective membranes, sentinel sensors and coupled multi-enzyme systems. The effect of activators, inhibitors or enzymatic substrates are also addressed by coupled enzymatic reactions and multi-sensor arrays combined with data interpretation via chemometrics. In addition to these more traditional approaches, the review discusses some ingenious recent approaches, detailing also on possible solutions involving the use of nanomaterials to ensuring the biosensors' selectivity. Overall, the examples presented illustrate the various tools available when developing enzyme biosensors for new applications and stress the necessity to more comprehensively investigate their selectivity and validate the biosensors versus standard analytical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Bucur
- National Institute for Research and Development in Biological Sciences, 296 Splaiul Independentei, 060031 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Cristina Purcarea
- Institute of Biology, 296 Splaiul Independentei, 060031 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Silvana Andreescu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13676, USA;
| | - Alina Vasilescu
- International Centre of Biodynamics, 1B Intrarea Portocalelor, 060101 Bucharest, Romania
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7
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Alafeef M, Dighe K, Moitra P, Pan D. Rapid, Ultrasensitive, and Quantitative Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Using Antisense Oligonucleotides Directed Electrochemical Biosensor Chip. ACS NANO 2020; 14:17028-17045. [PMID: 33079516 PMCID: PMC7586458 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c06392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 304] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
A large-scale diagnosis of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is essential to downregulate its spread within as well as across communities and mitigate the current outbreak of the pandemic novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Herein, we report the development of a rapid (less than 5 min), low-cost, easy-to-implement, and quantitative paper-based electrochemical sensor chip to enable the digital detection of SARS-CoV-2 genetic material. The biosensor uses gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), capped with highly specific antisense oligonucleotides (ssDNA) targeting viral nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (N-gene). The sensing probes are immobilized on a paper-based electrochemical platform to yield a nucleic-acid-testing device with a readout that can be recorded with a simple hand-held reader. The biosensor chip has been tested using samples collected from Vero cells infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus and clinical samples. The sensor provides a significant improvement in output signal only in the presence of its target-SARS-CoV-2 RNA-within less than 5 min of incubation time, with a sensitivity of 231 (copies μL-1)-1 and limit of detection of 6.9 copies/μL without the need for any further amplification. The sensor chip performance has been tested using clinical samples from 22 COVID-19 positive patients and 26 healthy asymptomatic subjects confirmed using the FDA-approved RT-PCR COVID-19 diagnostic kit. The sensor successfully distinguishes the positive COVID-19 samples from the negative ones with almost 100% accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity and exhibits an insignificant change in output signal for the samples lacking a SARS-CoV-2 viral target segment (e.g., SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, or negative COVID-19 samples collected from healthy subjects). The feasibility of the sensor even during the genomic mutation of the virus is also ensured from the design of the ssDNA-conjugated AuNPs that simultaneously target two separate regions of the same SARS-CoV-2 N-gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Alafeef
- Bioengineering Department,
University of Illinois at
Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801,
United States
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology
and Nuclear Medicine and Pediatrics, Center for Blood Oxygen Transport
and Hemostasis, University of Maryland Baltimore School
of Medicine, Health Sciences Research Facility
III, 670 W Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201,
United States
- Biomedical Engineering Department,
Jordan University of Science and
Technology, Irbid 22110,
Jordan
| | - Ketan Dighe
- Bioengineering Department,
University of Illinois at
Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801,
United States
- Department of Chemical, Biochemical
and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland
Baltimore County, Interdisciplinary Health
Sciences Facility, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250,
United States
| | - Parikshit Moitra
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology
and Nuclear Medicine and Pediatrics, Center for Blood Oxygen Transport
and Hemostasis, University of Maryland Baltimore School
of Medicine, Health Sciences Research Facility
III, 670 W Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201,
United States
| | - Dipanjan Pan
- Bioengineering Department,
University of Illinois at
Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801,
United States
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology
and Nuclear Medicine and Pediatrics, Center for Blood Oxygen Transport
and Hemostasis, University of Maryland Baltimore School
of Medicine, Health Sciences Research Facility
III, 670 W Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201,
United States
- Department of Chemical, Biochemical
and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland
Baltimore County, Interdisciplinary Health
Sciences Facility, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250,
United States
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8
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Hatamie S, Shih PJ, Chen BW, Wang IJ, Young TH, Yao DJ. Synergic Effect of Novel WS 2 Carriers Holding Spherical Cobalt Ferrite @cubic Fe 3O 4 (WS 2/s-CoFe 2O 4@c-Fe 3O 4) Nanocomposites in Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Photothermal Therapy for Ocular Treatments and Investigation of Corneal Endothelial Cell Migration. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E2555. [PMID: 33352770 PMCID: PMC7766809 DOI: 10.3390/nano10122555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The design of novel materials to use simultaneously in an ocular system for driven therapeutics and wound healing is still challenging. Here, we produced nanocomposites of tungsten disulfide carriers with spherical cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (NPs) as core inside a cubic iron oxide NPs shell (WS2/s-CoFe2O4@c-Fe3O4). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed that 10 nm s-CoFe2O4@c-Fe3O4 NPs were attached on the WS2 sheet surfaces. The cytotoxicity of the WS2 sheets and nanocomposites were evaluated on bovine cornea endothelial cells (BCECs) using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay for a duration of three days. The MTT assay results showed low toxicity of the WS2 sheets on BCECs by 67% cell viability at 100 μg/mL in 24 h, while the nanocomposites show 50% cell viability in the same conditions. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of nanocomposites revealed the excellent T2-weighted imaging with an r2 contrast of 108 mM-1 S-1. The in vitro photothermal therapy based on WS2 sheets and WS2/s-CoFe2O4 @c-Fe3O4 nanocomposites using 808 nm laser showed that the maximum thermal energy dispatched in medium at different applied power densities (1200 mw, 1800, 2200, 2600 mW) was for 0.1 mg/mL of the sample solution. The migration assay of BCECs showed that the wound healing was approximately 20% slower for the cell exposed by nanocomposites compared with the control (no exposed BCECs). We believe that WS2/s-CoFe2O4@c-Fe3O4 nanocomposites have a synergic effect as photothermal therapy agents for eye diseases and could be a target in an ocular system using MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadie Hatamie
- College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10048, Taiwan;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
| | - Po-Jen Shih
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
| | - Bo-Wei Chen
- Institute of Nanoengineering and Microsystem, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (B.-W.C.); (D.-J.Y.)
| | - I-Jong Wang
- College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10048, Taiwan;
| | - Tai-Horng Young
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
| | - Da-Jeng Yao
- Institute of Nanoengineering and Microsystem, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (B.-W.C.); (D.-J.Y.)
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Suresh L, Bondili JS, Brahman PK. Fabrication of Immunosensor Based on Polyaniline, Fullerene‐C
60
and Palladium Nanoparticles Nanocomposite: An Electrochemical Detection Tool for Prostate Cancer. ELECTROANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201900659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lakkavarapu Suresh
- Electroanalytical Lab, Department of ChemistryKoneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Vaddeswaram (A.P. India
- Department of BiotechnologyKoneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Vaddeswaram (A.P. India
| | | | - Pradeep Kumar Brahman
- Electroanalytical Lab, Department of ChemistryKoneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Vaddeswaram (A.P. India
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Brunauer A, Ates HC, Dincer C, Früh SM. Integrated paper-based sensing devices for diagnostic applications. COMPREHENSIVE ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.coac.2020.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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11
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Huang H, Su S, Wu N, Wan H, Wan S, Bi H, Sun L. Graphene-Based Sensors for Human Health Monitoring. Front Chem 2019; 7:399. [PMID: 31245352 PMCID: PMC6580932 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the desire for real-time human health monitoring as well as seamless human-machine interaction is increasing rapidly, plenty of research efforts have been made to investigate wearable sensors and implantable devices in recent years. As a novel 2D material, graphene has aroused a boom in the field of sensor research around the world due to its advantages in mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties. Numerous graphene-based sensors used for human health monitoring have been reported, including wearable sensors, as well as implantable devices, which can realize the real-time measurement of body temperature, heart rate, pulse oxygenation, respiration rate, blood pressure, blood glucose, electrocardiogram signal, electromyogram signal, and electroencephalograph signal, etc. Herein, as a review of the latest graphene-based sensors for health monitoring, their novel structures, sensing mechanisms, technological innovations, components for sensor systems and potential challenges will be discussed and outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhou Huang
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Lab of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shi Su
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Lab of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Center for Advanced Materials and Manufacture, Southeast University-Monash University Joint Research Institute, Suzhou, China
| | - Nan Wu
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Lab of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Wan
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Lab of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shu Wan
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Lab of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hengchang Bi
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Lab of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Center for Advanced Carbon Materials, Jiangnan Graphene Research Institute, Southeast University, Changzhou, China
| | - Litao Sun
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Lab of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Center for Advanced Materials and Manufacture, Southeast University-Monash University Joint Research Institute, Suzhou, China
- Center for Advanced Carbon Materials, Jiangnan Graphene Research Institute, Southeast University, Changzhou, China
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12
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Khan MS, Dighe K, Wang Z, Srivastava I, Schwartz-Duval AS, Misra SK, Pan D. Electrochemical-digital immunosensor with enhanced sensitivity for detecting human salivary glucocorticoid hormone. Analyst 2019; 144:1448-1457. [PMID: 30608068 DOI: 10.1039/c8an02085j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this work, an ultra-sensitive electrochemical-digital sensor chip is devised for potential use as a digital stress analyzer for point-of-care testing (POCT) and preventive on-site recording of the hormone 'cortisol', a glucocorticoid class of steroid hormone present in the human saliva. The sensor was interfaced and re-configured with a high precision impedance converter system (AD5933) and used for electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to evaluate the cortisol levels in seven saliva samples. To obtain enhanced biological (cortisol) recognition and achieve a lower limit of detection 0.87 ± 0.12 pg mL-1 (2.4 ± 0.38 pmol mL-1) with a wide range from 1 pg mL-1 to 10 ng mL-1 (2.75 pmol mL-1 to 27.58 pmol mL-1; R2 = 0.9831), bovine serum albumin (1% BSA) was utilized as an effective sensitivity enhancer in addition to optimizing the other two parameters: (i) anti-cortisol antibody (anti-CAb) covalently attached to micro-Au electrodes and (ii) saliva sample incubation time on the sensor chip. The results obtained in this work were corroborated with the gold standard ELISA test with an accuracy of 96.3% and other previously reported biosensors. We envisage that the conceivable standpoint of this study can be a practice towards new development in cortisol biosensing, which will be pertinent to POCT targeted for in vitro psychobiological study on patient cortisol in saliva, and finally an implantable sensor chip in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad S Khan
- Bioengineering Department, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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13
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Zhang XY, Li ZY, Zhang Y, Zang XQ, Ueno K, Misawa H, Sun K. Bacterial Concentration Detection using a PCB-based Contactless Conductivity Sensor. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:E55. [PMID: 30646622 PMCID: PMC6356519 DOI: 10.3390/mi10010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C⁴D) is an improved approach to avoid the problems of labor-intensive, time-consuming and insufficient accuracy of plate count as well as the high-cost apparatus of flow cytometry (FCM) in bacterial counting. This article describes a novel electrode-integrated printed-circuit-board (PCB)-based C⁴D device, which supports the simple and safe exchange of capillaries and improves the sensitivity and repeatability of the contactless detection. Furthermore, no syringe pump is needed in the detection, it reduces the system size, and, more importantly, avoids the effect on the bacteria due to high pressure. The recovered bacteria after C⁴D detection at excitation of 25 Vpp and 60⁻120 kHz were analyzed by flow cytometry, and a survival rate higher than 96% was given. It was verified that C⁴D detection did not influence the bacterial viability. Moreover, bacteria concentrations from 10⁶ cells/mL to 10⁸ cells/mL were measured in a linear range, and relative standard deviation (RSD) is below 0.2%. In addition, the effects on bacteria and C⁴D from background solutions were discussed. In contrast to common methods used in most laboratories, this method may provide a simple solution to in situ detection of bacterial cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Zhe-Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Xiao-Qian Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Kosei Ueno
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Misawa
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan.
- Department of Applied Chemistry & Institute of Molecular Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
| | - Kai Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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Khan MS, Dighe K, Wang Z, Srivastava I, Daza E, Schwartz-Dual AS, Ghannam J, Misra SK, Pan D. Detection of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in human saliva using an ultra-sensitive nanocomposite of graphene nanoplatelets with diblock-co-polymers and Au electrodes. Analyst 2019; 143:1094-1103. [PMID: 29387841 DOI: 10.1039/c7an01932g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a commonly used biomarker for the detection of prostate cancer (PCa) and there are numerous data available for its invasive detection in the serum and whole blood. In this work, an electrochemical sensing method was devised to detect traces of PSA in human saliva using a hybrid nanocomposite of graphene nanoplatelets with diblock co-polymers and Au electrodes (GRP-PS67-b-PAA27-Au). The pure graphitic composition on filter paper provides significantly high electrical and thermal conductivity while PS67-b-PAA27 makes an amphiphilic bridge between GRP units. The sensor utilizes the binding of an anti-PSA antibody with an antigen-PSA to act as a resistor in a circuit providing an impedance change that in turn allows for the detection and quantification of PSA in saliva samples. A miniaturized electrical impedance analyzer was interfaced with a sensor chip and the data were recorded in real-time using a Bluetooth-enabled module. This fully integrated and optimized sensing device exhibited a wide PSA range of detection from 0.1 pg mL-1 to 100 ng mL-1 (R2 = 0.963) with a lower limit of detection of 40 fg mL-1. The performance of the biosensor chip was validated with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique with a regression coefficient as high as 0.940. The advantages of the newly developed saliva-PSA electrical biosensor over previously reported serum-PSA electrochemical biosensors include a faster response time (3-5 min) to achieve a stable electrical signal for PSA detection, high selectivity, improved sensitivity, no additional requirement of a redox electrolyte for electron exchange and excellent shelf life. The presented sensor is aimed for clinical commercialization to detect PSA in human saliva.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Khan
- Bioengineering Department, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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Ostadhossein F, Vulugundam G, Misra SK, Srivastava I, Pan D. Chirality Inversion on the Carbon Dot Surface via Covalent Surface Conjugation of Cyclic α-Amino Acid Capping Agents. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:3913-3922. [PMID: 30352502 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Manipulating the chiroptical properties at the nanoscale is of great importance in stereoselective reactions, enantioseparation, self-assembly, and biological phenomena. In recent years, carbon dots have garnered great attention because of their favorable properties such as tunable fluorescence, high biocompatibility, and facile, scalable synthetic procedures. Herein, we report for the first time the unusual behavior of cyclic amino acids on the surface of carbon dots prepared via microwave-based carbonization. Various amino acids were introduced on the surface of carbon dots via EDC/NHS conjugation at room temperature. Circular dichroism results revealed that although most of the surface conjugated amino acids can preserve their chirality on negatively charged, "bare" carbon dots, the "handedness" of cyclic α-amino acids can be flipped when covalently attached on carbon dots. Moreover, these chiroptical carbon dots were found to interact with the cellular membrane or its mimic in a highly selective manner due to their acquired asymmetric selectivity. A comprehensive inhibitor study was conducted to investigate the pathway of cellular trafficking of these carbon dots. Overall, it was concluded that the chirality of the amino acid on the surface of carbon dots could regulate many of the cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ostadhossein
- Department of Bioengineering , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Mills Breast Cancer Institute and Carle Foundation Hospital , 502 North Busey , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Gururaja Vulugundam
- Department of Bioengineering , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Mills Breast Cancer Institute and Carle Foundation Hospital , 502 North Busey , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Santosh K Misra
- Department of Bioengineering , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Mills Breast Cancer Institute and Carle Foundation Hospital , 502 North Busey , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Indrajit Srivastava
- Department of Bioengineering , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Mills Breast Cancer Institute and Carle Foundation Hospital , 502 North Busey , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Dipanjan Pan
- Department of Bioengineering , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Mills Breast Cancer Institute and Carle Foundation Hospital , 502 North Busey , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Beckman Institute , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
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Booth MA, Gowers SAN, Leong CL, Rogers ML, Samper IC, Wickham AP, Boutelle MG. Chemical Monitoring in Clinical Settings: Recent Developments toward Real-Time Chemical Monitoring of Patients. Anal Chem 2017; 90:2-18. [PMID: 29083872 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marsilea A Booth
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London , London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Sally A N Gowers
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London , London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Chi Leng Leong
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London , London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Michelle L Rogers
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London , London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Isabelle C Samper
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London , London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Aidan P Wickham
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London , London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Martyn G Boutelle
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London , London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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Landete JM, Arqués JL. Fluorescent Lactic Acid Bacteria and Bifidobacteria as Vehicles of DNA Microbial Biosensors. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081728. [PMID: 32962311 PMCID: PMC5578118 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Control and quantification of effector molecules such as heavy metals, toxins or other target molecules is of great biotechnological, social and economic interest. Microorganisms have regulatory proteins that recognize and modify the gene expression in the presence or absence of these compounds (effector molecules) by means of binding to gene sequences. The association of these recognizing gene sequences to reporter genes will allow the detection of effector molecules of interest with high sensitivity. Once investigators have these two elements-recognizing gene sequences and reporter genes that emit signals-we need a suitable vehicle to introduce both elements. Here, we suggest lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and bifidobacteria as promising carrier microorganisms for these molecular biosensors. The use of fluorescent proteins as well as food-grade vectors and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) are indispensable tools for introducing biosensors into these microorganisms. The use of these LAB and bifidobacteria would be of special interest for studying the intestinal environment or other complex ecosystems. The great variety of species adapted to many environments, as well as the possibility of applying several protocols for their transformation with recognizing gene sequences and reporter genes are considerable advantages. Finally, an effort must be made to find recognizable gene sequences.
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