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Sun Z, Wang X, An H, Liang S, Li N. A review on intelligence of cellulose based materials. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 338:122219. [PMID: 38763716 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Cellulose based materials are widely used in various fields such as papermaking, packaging, composite materials, textiles and clothing due to their diverse types, environmental friendliness, natural degradation, high specific strength, and low cost. The intelligence of cellulose based materials will further expand their application fields. This article first gives an in-depth analyzation on the intelligent structural design of these materials according to the two major categories of isotropic and anisotropic, then lists the main preparation methods of cellulose based intelligent materials. Subsequently, this article systematically summarizes the recent intelligent response methods and characteristics of cellulose based materials, and extensively elaborates on the intelligent application of these materials. Finally, the prospects for the intelligence of cellulose based materials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanying Sun
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Flexible Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China..
| | - Xin Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Flexible Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China..
| | - Haoran An
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Flexible Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China..
| | - Shuang Liang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Flexible Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China..
| | - Na Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Flexible Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China..
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Iioka M, Kawanabe W, Tsujimura S, Kobayashi T, Shohji I. An Evaluation of the Wear Resistance of Electroplated Nickel Coatings Composited with 2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl-Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibers. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:224. [PMID: 38257022 PMCID: PMC10819372 DOI: 10.3390/polym16020224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, the wear resistance of nickel (Ni)-cellulose nanofiber (CNF) composite electroplated films on steel plates (JIS SPCC, cold-rolled steel) was evaluated, including their surface and microstructural properties. In the CNF sample, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl (TEMPO)-oxidized CNF was used. As a result of the ball-on-disk abrasion test, in which steel (SUJ2) balls were used as the counterpart material, the plated film obtained with the addition of 1 g/L of CNF to the plating solution showed the highest wear resistance in this study. Compared to the conventional Ni-plated film without CNF, the abrasion loss volume on the plated side was reduced by approximately 79%, and that on the ball side was reduced remarkably by 94%. A microstructural analysis of the abrasion scars showed areas where co-deposited CNFs were stretched in the direction of abrasion, suggesting that the wear reduction effect was caused by sliding between the individual CNFs within the aggregates. Moreover, the hardness of the plated film increased when the Ni crystallite size became finer. It was confirmed that the co-deposition of fine CNFs is effective in improving hardness, whereas the co-deposition of a certain degree of aggregated CNFs is effective in exhibiting the wear reduction effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Iioka
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan
| | - Wataru Kawanabe
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan
| | - Subaru Tsujimura
- School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan
| | - Ikuo Shohji
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan
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Taokaew S. Recent Advances in Cellulose-Based Hydrogels Prepared by Ionic Liquid-Based Processes. Gels 2023; 9:546. [PMID: 37504425 PMCID: PMC10379057 DOI: 10.3390/gels9070546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes the recent advances in preparing cellulose hydrogels via ionic liquid-based processes and the applications of regenerated cellulose hydrogels/iongels in electrochemical materials, separation membranes, and 3D printing bioinks. Cellulose is the most abundant natural polymer, which has attracted great attention due to the demand for eco-friendly and sustainable materials. The sustainability of cellulose products also depends on the selection of the dissolution solvent. The current state of knowledge in cellulose preparation, performed by directly dissolving in ionic liquids and then regenerating in antisolvents, as described in this review, provides innovative ideas from the new findings presented in recent research papers and with the perspective of the current challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siriporn Taokaew
- Department of Materials Science and Bioengineering, School of Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka 940-2188, Niigata, Japan
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Kumar M, Singh G, Kaur N, Singh N. Organic Cation Receptor for Colorimetric Lateral Flow Device: Detection of Zearalenone in Food Samples. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:910-919. [PMID: 34978408 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c19744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As per the WHO reports, it has been estimated that almost 25% of food crops contain mycotoxins as the major contaminant. In this work, we developed a paper-based colorimetric lateral flow device (CLFD) impregnated with an organic cation receptor (OCR) for sensitive and selective detection of zearalenone (ZEN). Various techniques such as ultraviolet (UV)-visible absorption, cyclic voltammetry, and fluorescence spectroscopy were used for the detection of mycotoxins, and it was observed that OCR shows sensitivity and selectivity toward zearalenone (ZEN) only, irrespective of any other analytes. Furthermore, the colorimetric test revealed that the developed OCR shows a change in color with the addition of ZEN from greenish-gray to blue that is visible to the naked eye. The quantification of ZEN was also achieved using RGB analysis and compared with UV-visible spectroscopy data. Further, for the on-site detection of ZEN, a paper-based CLFD was also developed and used to evaluate the spiked corn sample containing ZEN, and it provided significant results with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.31 nM (3σ method), good linearity (R2 = 0.9702), good reproducibility (SD = ±6%, triplicate), and good recovery of ZEN of 95-102% with a variation coefficient (VC) varying from 1.56 to 4.62%. Therefore, the device has the potential to check the mycotoxin toxicity in food products and is helpful in remote and developing areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT Ropar), Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Gagandeep Singh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar (IIT Ropar), Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Navneet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Narinder Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT Ropar), Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar (IIT Ropar), Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
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Mao L, Wang Z, Duan Y, Xiong C, He C, Deng X, Zheng Y, Wang D. Designing of Rewritable Paper by Hydrochromic Donor-Acceptor Stenhouse Adducts. ACS NANO 2021; 15:10384-10392. [PMID: 34036790 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c02629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rewritable paper is meaningful to the recyclable and sustainable utilization of environmental resources and thus has been extensively investigated for several decades. In this work, we demonstrated an efficient and convenient strategy to fabricate rewritable paper based on reversible hydrochromism of donor-acceptor Stenhouse adducts (DASAs). The kinetics and efficiency of isomerization could be well-controlled by adjusting the surrounding temperature and humidity. Monocolored rewritable paper was prepared by coating cyclic DASA·xH2O on the paper surface. Writing, printing, stamping and patterning were realized on the rewritable paper. The information could be controllably erased by treatment in a humid atmosphere. More importantly, the rewritable paper was upgraded to multicolored by combination of two DASA materials. The color of chirography was switched by controlling the writing speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Mao
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Yongli Duan
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Chaoyue Xiong
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Chao He
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xu Deng
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Yonghao Zheng
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
- Institute of Electronic and Information Engineering, UESTC in Guangdong, Dongguan 523808, China
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Liu YF, Liu Q, Long JF, Yi FL, Li YQ, Lei XH, Huang P, Du B, Hu N, Fu SY. Bioinspired Color-Changeable Organogel Tactile Sensor with Excellent Overall Performance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:49866-49875. [PMID: 33095561 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c12811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by chameleons' structural color regulation capability, a simple, but effective, swelling method is proposed for the first time to prepare an ionic polyacrylamide (PAAm) organogel for simultaneous tactile sensing and interactive color changing. The PAAm organogel obtained by swelling the PAAm scaffold in the dimethyl sulfoxide solution of organic electrochromic material (OECM) shows an extremely large stretchability with an elongation of 1600%, a supersoftness with a compressive modulus of 7.2 kPa, an excellent transmittance up to 90%, and a very fast response time of 0.5 s combined with the characteristic of interactive color changing. The PAAm organogel also suggests a universal design ability to tailor coloration spectra for tactile sensors via simply changing the type and content of OECM. The tactile sensor based on a PAAm organogel is capable of serving as a wearable device for precisely tracing human body motion performance and directly visualizing the stress distribution via interactive color changing capability. It is demonstrated that the swelling method proposed here is a simple and practical strategy to prepare ionic organogels with both piezo-resistive and electrochromic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Feng Liu
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qun Liu
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Jun-Fei Long
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Feng-Lian Yi
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yuan-Qing Li
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment and System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Lei
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Pei Huang
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment and System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Bing Du
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nano-Micro Composite Materials and Devices, School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, 401331 China
| | - Ning Hu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Shao-Yun Fu
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment and System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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Mohan D, Teong ZK, Bakir AN, Sajab MS, Kaco H. Extending Cellulose-Based Polymers Application in Additive Manufacturing Technology: A Review of Recent Approaches. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1876. [PMID: 32825377 PMCID: PMC7563372 DOI: 10.3390/polym12091876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The materials for additive manufacturing (AM) technology have grown substantially over the last few years to fulfill industrial needs. Despite that, the use of bio-based composites for improved mechanical properties and biodegradation is still not fully explored. This limits the universal expansion of AM-fabricated products due to the incompatibility of the products made from petroleum-derived resources. The development of naturally-derived polymers for AM materials is promising with the increasing number of studies in recent years owing to their biodegradation and biocompatibility. Cellulose is the most abundant biopolymer that possesses many favorable properties to be incorporated into AM materials, which have been continuously focused on in recent years. This critical review discusses the development of AM technologies and materials, cellulose-based polymers, cellulose-based three-dimensional (3D) printing filaments, liquid deposition modeling of cellulose, and four-dimensional (4D) printing of cellulose-based materials. Cellulose-based AM material applications and the limitations with future developments are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denesh Mohan
- Research Center for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (D.M.); (Z.K.T.); (A.N.B.)
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zee Khai Teong
- Research Center for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (D.M.); (Z.K.T.); (A.N.B.)
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Afifah Nabilah Bakir
- Research Center for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (D.M.); (Z.K.T.); (A.N.B.)
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Shaiful Sajab
- Research Center for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (D.M.); (Z.K.T.); (A.N.B.)
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hatika Kaco
- Kolej GENIUS Insan, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Bandar Baru Nilai, Nilai 71800, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia;
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Abednejad A, Ghaee A, Morais ES, Sharma M, Neves BM, Freire MG, Nourmohammadi J, Mehrizi AA. Polyvinylidene fluoride-Hyaluronic acid wound dressing comprised of ionic liquids for controlled drug delivery and dual therapeutic behavior. Acta Biomater 2019; 100:142-157. [PMID: 31586728 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
To improve the efficacy of transdermal drug delivery systems, the physical and chemical properties of drugs need to be optimized to better penetrate into the stratum corneum and to better diffuse into the epidermis and dermis layers. Accordingly, dual-biological function ionic liquids composed of active pharmaceutical ingredients were synthesized, comprising both analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties, by combining a cation derived from lidocaine and anions derived from hydrophobic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Active pharmaceutical ingredient ionic liquids (API-ILs) were characterized through nuclear magnetic resonance, cytotoxicity assay, and water solubility assay. All properties were compared with those of the original drugs. By converting the analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs into dual-function API-ILs, their water solubility increased up to 470-fold, without affecting their cytotoxic profile. These API-ILs were incorporated into a bilayer wound dressing composed of a hydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane to act as a drug reservoir and a biocompatible hyaluronic acid (HA) layer. The prepared bilayer wound dressing was characterized in terms of mechanical properties, membrane drug uptake and drug release behavior, and application in transdermal delivery, demonstrating to have desirable mechanical properties and improved release of API-ILs. The assessment of anti-inflammatory activity through the inhibition of LPS-induced production of nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 by macrophages revealed that the prepared membranes containing API-ILs are as effective as those with the original drugs. Cell adhesion of fibroblasts on membrane surfaces and cell viability assay confirmed improved the viability and adhesion of fibroblasts on PVDF/HA membranes. Finally, wound healing assay performed with fibroblasts showed that the bilayer membranes containing dual-function API-ILs are not detrimental to wound healing, while displaying increased and controlled drug delivery and dual therapeutic behavior. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This work shows the preparation and characterization of bilayer wound dressings comprising dual-biological function active pharmaceutical ingredients based on ionic liquids with improved and controlled drug release and dual therapeutic efficiency. By converting analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs into ionic liquids, their water solubility increases up to 470-fold. The prepared bilayer wound dressing membranes have desirable mechanical properties and improved release of drugs. The prepared membranes comprising ionic liquids display anti-inflammatory activity as effective as those with the original drugs. Cell adhesion of fibroblasts on membrane surfaces and cell viability assays show improved viability and adhesion of fibroblasts on PVDF/HA membranes, being thus of high relevance as effective transdermal drug delivery systems.
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Koga H, Nagashima K, Huang Y, Zhang G, Wang C, Takahashi T, Inoue A, Yan H, Kanai M, He Y, Uetani K, Nogi M, Yanagida T. Paper-Based Disposable Molecular Sensor Constructed from Oxide Nanowires, Cellulose Nanofibers, and Pencil-Drawn Electrodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:15044-15050. [PMID: 30942067 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b01287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Progress toward the concept of "a trillion sensor universe" requires sensor devices to become more abundant, ubiquitous, and be potentially disposable. Here, we report a paper-based disposable molecular sensor device constructed from a nanowire sensor based on common zinc oxide (ZnO), a wood-derived biodegradable cellulose nanofiber paper substrate, and a low-cost graphite electrode. The ZnO nanowire/cellulose nanofiber composite structure is embedded in the surface of the cellulose nanofiber paper substrate via a two-step papermaking process. This structure provides a mechanically robust and efficiently bridged network for the nanowire sensor, while ensuring efficient access to target molecules and allowing reliable electrical contact with electrodes. The as-fabricated paper sensor device with pencil-drawn graphite electrodes exhibits efficient resistance change-based molecular sensing of NO2 as a model gas. The performance of our device is comparable to that of noble metal electrodes. Furthermore, we demonstrate cut-and-paste usability and easy disposal of the sensor device with its uniform in-plane sensing properties. Our strategy offers a disposable molecular sensing platform for use in future sensor network technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kazuki Nagashima
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering , Kyushu University , 6-1 Kasuga-Koen , Kasuga , Fukuoka 816-8580 , Japan
| | | | - Guozhu Zhang
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering , Kyushu University , 6-1 Kasuga-Koen , Kasuga , Fukuoka 816-8580 , Japan
| | - Chen Wang
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering , Kyushu University , 6-1 Kasuga-Koen , Kasuga , Fukuoka 816-8580 , Japan
| | - Tsunaki Takahashi
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering , Kyushu University , 6-1 Kasuga-Koen , Kasuga , Fukuoka 816-8580 , Japan
| | - Akihide Inoue
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering , Kyushu University , 6-1 Kasuga-Koen , Kasuga , Fukuoka 816-8580 , Japan
| | - Hong Yan
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering , Kyushu University , 6-1 Kasuga-Koen , Kasuga , Fukuoka 816-8580 , Japan
| | - Masaki Kanai
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering , Kyushu University , 6-1 Kasuga-Koen , Kasuga , Fukuoka 816-8580 , Japan
| | - Yong He
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of the Education Ministry of China, College of Optoelectronic Engineering , Chongqing University , Chongqing 400044 , China
| | | | | | - Takeshi Yanagida
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering , Kyushu University , 6-1 Kasuga-Koen , Kasuga , Fukuoka 816-8580 , Japan
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10
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Stimuli-responsive cellulose paper materials. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 210:350-363. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.01.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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11
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Zhu M, Jia C, Wang Y, Fang Z, Dai J, Xu L, Huang D, Wu J, Li Y, Song J, Yao Y, Hitz E, Wang Y, Hu L. Isotropic Paper Directly from Anisotropic Wood: Top-Down Green Transparent Substrate Toward Biodegradable Electronics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:28566-28571. [PMID: 30067330 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b08055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Flexible electronics have found useful applications in both the scientific and industrial communities. However, substrates traditionally used for flexible electronics, such as plastic, cause many environmental issues. Therefore, a transparent substrate made from natural materials provides a promising alternative because it can be degraded in nature. The traditional bottom-up fabrication method for transparent paper is expensive, environmentally unfriendly, and time-consuming. In this work, for the first time, we developed a top-down method to fabricate isotropic, transparent paper directly from anisotropic wood. The top-down method includes two steps: a delignification process to bleach the wood by lignin removal and a pressing process for removing light-reflecting and -scattering sources. The resulting isotropic, transparent paper has high transmittance of about 90% and high haze over 80% and is demonstrated as a nature-disposable substrate for electronic/optical devices. Adjusting the pressing ratio used changes the density of the resulting paper, which tunes the microstructure-related properties of the isotropic, transparent paper. This top-down method is simple, fast, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective, which can greatly promote the development of paper-based green optical and electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingwei Zhu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures & College of Engineering and Applied Sciences , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Chao Jia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Yilin Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Zhiqiang Fang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Jiaqi Dai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Lisha Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Dafang Huang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures & College of Engineering and Applied Sciences , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , China
| | - Jiayang Wu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures & College of Engineering and Applied Sciences , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , China
| | - Yongfeng Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Jianwei Song
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Yonggang Yao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Emily Hitz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Yanbin Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Liangbing Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
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