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Lan B, Wu X, Ma F, Zhang L, Yin S. Dual-Band, Efficient Self-Powered Organic Photodetectors with Isotype Subphthalocyanine-Based Heterojunctions toward Secure Optical Communications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:42277-42288. [PMID: 36074059 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c09008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
High-performance heterojunction organic photodetectors (OPDs) are of great significance in optical detecting technology due to their tailorable optoelectronic properties. Herein, we designed and synthesized three n-type subphthalocyanine (SubPc) derivatives PhO-BSubPcF12, CHO-PhO-BSubPcF12, and NO2-PhO-BSubPcF12 via axial nonhalogen substitution on fluorinated SubPc. These SubPc derivatives exhibit improved intramolecular charge transfer, high electron mobilities, optimized energy levels, and good thermal stability. The novel isotype p-n SubPc heterojunctions are evaluated as photosensitive layers in OPDs, which show a UV-visible dual-band response and self-powered effect. The optimal OPD with Br-BSubPc/NO2-PhO-BSubPcF12 presents stable and superior performances with a high responsivity (R) of 0.14 A W-1, a peak external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 30.6%, and an extremely low dark current of 0.92 nA cm-2 under a 570-595 nm illumination without a bias voltage. It has outperformed most of the reported SubPc-based OPDs. The better interfacial contact of p-n SubPc derivatives leads to a large depletion region with decreased trap densities as well as a low carrier recombination rate, which is conducive to the photoinduced carriers' separation and well-balanced transport, resulting in high device performances. Moreover, a secure communication strategy is successfully demonstrated by dual-band optimal OPD. This work is expected to provide some guidance for molecular engineering and device performance toward multifunctional electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baofa Lan
- Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Devices, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Function Materials Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoming Wu
- Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Devices, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Function Materials Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Feng Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Shougen Yin
- Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Devices, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Function Materials Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
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2
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Wang H, Zou W, Ouyang Y, Liu X, Li H, Luo H, Zhao X. Potassium Salt Coordination Induced Ion Migration Inhibition and Defect Passivation for High-Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:8573-8579. [PMID: 36073774 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The disordered distribution of trap states and ion migration limit the commercial application of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, we apply an oxamic acid potassium salt (OAPS) as a bifunctional additive of perovskite film. The Lewis base group C=O of OAPS can interact with the uncoordinated Pb2+ caused by the I site substitution by Pb and the dangling bonds of the perovskite, which is beneficial to reduce the nonradiative recombination loss. In addition, the countercation K+ of OAPS is confirmed to occupy the perovskite lattice interstitial sites and result in lattice expansion, inhibiting the formation of iodide Frenkel defects and I- ion migration. As a result, the synergistic effect achieves enhanced power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 19.98 to 23.02%, with a fill factor reaching up to 81.90% and suppressed current-voltage hysteresis. The device also presents improved stability, maintaining 93% of the initial PCE after 2000 h of storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Wang
- School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Wenjing Zou
- School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Yukun Ouyang
- School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Xingchong Liu
- School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Haimin Li
- School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Hu Luo
- School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhao
- School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
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Lin H, Xu B, Wang J, Yu X, Du X, Zheng CJ, Tao S. Novel Dark Current Reduction Strategy via Deep Bulk Traps for High-Performance Solution-Processed Organic Photodetectors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:34891-34900. [PMID: 35861208 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c04981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The performance improvement of the organic photodetectors (OPDs) focuses on suppressing the dark current density (Jd) to improve the specific detectivity. In this work, a dark current reduction strategy relying on constructing limited deep traps in the active layer to suppress charge injection rate was newly proposed. And an optimization method has been successfully demonstrated on the solution-processed OPDs accordingly. Compared with the Jd expressed by the OPD with the shallow trap system, the device with deep bulk traps exhibits a dramatically reduced dark current while ensuring high responsivity. At a bias of -2 V, the optimized photodiode with a Jd down to 1.4 × 10-5 mA cm-2 and a maximum responsivity of 0.42 A W-1 @620 nm was realized, leading to a maximum detectivity calculated from shot noise of 6.23 × 1012 Jones. This value is 49-fold higher than that of the original OPD with the same structure. The effects of deep traps inside the semiconductor film on injected carriers and photogenerated carriers are well explained by the relative positions of the initial hopping levels. A better understanding of charge transport regimes in OPD helps to open new approaches for constructing high-performance OPD toward practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Lin
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Bing Xu
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Jiake Wang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Xin Yu
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Xiaoyang Du
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Cai-Jun Zheng
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Silu Tao
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, China
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Li Y, Zhao D, Zhang D, Wu M, Liu Y, Yu J. High-detectivity organic photodetectors with double bulk heterojunction enabled by water transfer printing. OPTICS LETTERS 2022; 47:3375-3378. [PMID: 35776629 DOI: 10.1364/ol.463318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Suppressing the dark current is an effective strategy to boost the detection capability of organic photodetectors (OPDs). In this Letter, the water transfer printing method is demonstrated in double bulk heterojunction (BHJ) OPDs, which is solvent-independent rather than the traditional sequential spin-coating method, enabling the elimination of the negative effects of solvents on the underlying film and the suppressing of the dark current. As a result, a photo detectivity up to 1012 Jones was obtained in the wide spectral range of 400-900 nm with a small working area of 3 mm2.
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Wang Y, Kublitski J, Xing S, Dollinger F, Spoltore D, Benduhn J, Leo K. Narrowband organic photodetectors - towards miniaturized, spectroscopic sensing. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:220-251. [PMID: 34704585 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh01215k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Omnipresent quality monitoring in food products, blood-oxygen measurement in lightweight conformal wrist bands, or data-driven automated industrial production: Innovation in many fields is being empowered by sensor technology. Specifically, organic photodetectors (OPDs) promise great advances due to their beneficial properties and low-cost production. Recent research has led to rapid improvement in all performance parameters of OPDs, which are now on-par or better than their inorganic counterparts, such as silicon or indium gallium arsenide photodetectors, in several aspects. In particular, it is possible to directly design OPDs for specific wavelengths. This makes expensive and bulky optical filters obsolete and allows for miniature detector devices. In this review, recent progress of such narrowband OPDs is systematically summarized covering all aspects from narrow-photo-absorbing materials to device architecture engineering. The recent challenges for narrowband OPDs, like achieving high responsivity, low dark current, high response speed, and good dynamic range are carefully addressed. Finally, application demonstrations covering broadband and narrowband OPDs are discussed. Importantly, several exciting research perspectives, which will stimulate further research on organic-semiconductor-based photodetectors, are pointed out at the very end of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazhong Wang
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Jonas Kublitski
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Shen Xing
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Felix Dollinger
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Donato Spoltore
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Johannes Benduhn
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Karl Leo
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187 Dresden, Germany.
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Xing S, Nikolis VC, Kublitski J, Guo E, Jia X, Wang Y, Spoltore D, Vandewal K, Kleemann H, Benduhn J, Leo K. Miniaturized VIS-NIR Spectrometers Based on Narrowband and Tunable Transmission Cavity Organic Photodetectors with Ultrahigh Specific Detectivity above 10 14 Jones. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2102967. [PMID: 34515381 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202102967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Spectroscopic photodetection plays a key role in many emerging applications such as context-aware optical sensing, wearable biometric monitoring, and biomedical imaging. Photodetectors based on organic semiconductors open many new possibilities in this field. However, ease of processing, tailorable optoelectronic properties, and sensitivity for faint light are still significant challenges. Here, the authors report a novel concept for a tunable spectral detector by combining an innovative transmission cavity structure with organic absorbers to yield narrowband organic photodetection in the wavelength range of 400-1100 nm, fabricated in a full-vacuum process. Benefiting from this strategy, one of the best performed narrowband organic photodetectors is achieved with a finely wavelength-selective photoresponse (full-width-at-half-maximum of ≈40 nm), ultrahigh specific detectivity above 1014 Jones, the maximum response speed of 555 kHz, and a large dynamic range up to 168 dB. Particularly, an array of transmission cavity organic photodetectors is monolithically integrated on a small substrate to showcase a miniaturized spectrometer application, and a true proof-of-concept transmission spectrum measurement is successfully demonstrated. The excellent performance, the simple device fabrication as well as the possibility of high integration of this new concept challenge state-of-the-art low-noise silicon photodetectors and will mature the spectroscopic photodetection into technological realities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Xing
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Vasileios Christos Nikolis
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
- Heliatek GmbH, Treidler Str. 3, 01139, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jonas Kublitski
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Erjuan Guo
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Xiangkun Jia
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Yazhong Wang
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Donato Spoltore
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Koen Vandewal
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO-IMOMEC), Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 1, Diepenbeek, 3590, Belgium
| | - Hans Kleemann
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Johannes Benduhn
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Karl Leo
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
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7
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Wang X, Gao SJ, Han JF, Zhang YL, Zhang S, Qiao WQ, Wang ZY. Effect of 1,8-Diiodooctane Content on the Performance of P3HT:PC61BM Bulk Heterojunction Photodetectors. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-021-2548-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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8
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Hu R, Zhang L, Peng J, Zhang W. Comparative study of charge characteristics in PCPDTBT:fullerenes solar cells. Chem Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2020.111004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Han T, Liu Q, Guo Y, Jin G, Ding S, Yao M, Jiang C, Wang H, Huang X, Chang F. Phase Control Behavior of Lateral Polymer Photodetectors Using Strong Aggregation Bulk Heterojunction Film. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201900474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Han
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical EngineeringXiangnan University Chenzhou 423000 P. R. China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Processing and ApplicationFujian University of Technology Fuzhou 350118 P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Xiangnan Rare‐Precious Metals Compounds Research and Application Chenzhou 423000 P. R. China
| | - Qiao Liu
- School of Chemistry and EngineeringXiangnan University Chenzhou 423000 P. R. China
| | - Yanxi Guo
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical EngineeringXiangnan University Chenzhou 423000 P. R. China
| | - Gui Jin
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical EngineeringXiangnan University Chenzhou 423000 P. R. China
| | - Shufang Ding
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical EngineeringXiangnan University Chenzhou 423000 P. R. China
| | - Min Yao
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical EngineeringXiangnan University Chenzhou 423000 P. R. China
| | - Chunzhi Jiang
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical EngineeringXiangnan University Chenzhou 423000 P. R. China
| | - Huanyou Wang
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical EngineeringXiangnan University Chenzhou 423000 P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Xiangnan Rare‐Precious Metals Compounds Research and Application Chenzhou 423000 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyi Huang
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical EngineeringXiangnan University Chenzhou 423000 P. R. China
| | - Fa Chang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Processing and ApplicationFujian University of Technology Fuzhou 350118 P. R. China
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Shang Q, Yu J, Hu R, Liu Z, Cheng J, Li Y, Shai X, Huo MM, Yang X, Li L. Enhanced Charge Transport in Conventional Polymer Solar Cells with a Perovskite-Type LaNiO 3 Layer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:13051-13060. [PMID: 32100532 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b22049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel metal oxide, lanthanum nickelate (LNO) with a perovskite structure, was introduced into a polymer solar cell (PSC) device, replacing the PEDOT:PSS hole transport layer (HTL). The results show that the LNO-based PTB7-Th:PC71BM solar cell exhibits a higher circuit current density, power conversion efficiency, and stability compared with a device with PEDOT:PSS HTL. To understand the effect of LNO HTL on the performance of devices, the active layer morphology and charge transport characteristics in PSCs were systematically analyzed. The morphology of active layer was affected by the HTL, which further regulated the generation and transport processes of charge carrier in the PSC device. For the LNO HTL, an appropriate thickness (8 nm) and a small surface roughness (Sq = 0.7 nm) can coordinate the energy-level structure of device and improve the interface contact between the FTO electrode and PTB7-Th:PC71BM active layer, promoting the charge transport performance of device. Therefore, this work provides a new consideration for the preparation of efficient, stable, and low-cost polymer solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiancheng Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, China
- National Research Base of Co-Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Junsheng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Rong Hu
- National Research Base of Co-Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Zixiong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Jiang Cheng
- National Research Base of Co-Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Ying Li
- National Research Base of Co-Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Xuxia Shai
- National Research Base of Co-Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Ming-Ming Huo
- Laser Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Qingdao 266100 China
| | - Xin Yang
- National Research Base of Co-Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Lu Li
- National Research Base of Co-Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
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Huang J, Lee J, Vollbrecht J, Brus VV, Dixon AL, Cao DX, Zhu Z, Du Z, Wang H, Cho K, Bazan GC, Nguyen TQ. A High-Performance Solution-Processed Organic Photodetector for Near-Infrared Sensing. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1906027. [PMID: 31714629 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201906027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Sensitive detection of near-infrared (NIR) light enables many important applications in both research and industry. Current organic photodetectors suffer from low NIR sensitivity typically due to early absorption cutoff, low responsivity, and/or large dark/noise current under bias. Herein, organic photodetectors based on a novel ultranarrow-bandgap nonfullerene acceptor, CO1-4Cl, are presented, showcasing a remarkable responsivity over 0.5 A W-1 in the NIR spectral region (920-960 nm), which is the highest among organic photodiodes. By effectively delaying the onset of the space charge limited current and suppressing the shunt leakage current, the optimized devices show a large specific detectivity around 1012 Jones for NIR spectral region up to 1010 nm, close to that of a commercial Si photodiode. The presented photodetectors can also be integrated in photoplethysmography for real-time heart-rate monitoring, suggesting its potential for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Huang
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
- Mitsubishi Chemical Center for Advanced Materials, Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Jaewon Lee
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
- Mitsubishi Chemical Center for Advanced Materials, Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Joachim Vollbrecht
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Viktor V Brus
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Alana L Dixon
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - David Xi Cao
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Ziyue Zhu
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
- Mitsubishi Chemical Center for Advanced Materials, Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Zhifang Du
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Hengbin Wang
- Mitsubishi Chemical Center for Advanced Materials, Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Kilwon Cho
- Center for Advanced Soft Electronics, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Guillermo C Bazan
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
- Mitsubishi Chemical Center for Advanced Materials, Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Thuc-Quyen Nguyen
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
- Mitsubishi Chemical Center for Advanced Materials, Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
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Lin T, Wang J. Strategies toward High-Performance Solution-Processed Lateral Photodetectors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1901473. [PMID: 31243827 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201901473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Due to their low cost and ease of integration, solution-processed lateral photodetectors (PDs) are becoming an important device type among the PD family. In recent years, enormous effort has been devoted to improving their performances, and great achievements have been made. A summary of the core progress, especially from the perspective of design principles and device physics, is necessary to further the development of the field, but is currently lacking. Here, to address this need, first, the working mechanism of PDs and the device figures-of-merit are introduced. Second, by classifying the active materials into four categories, including inorganic, organic, hybrid, and perovskite, the developed strategies toward high performance are discussed respectively. To close, the common physical rules behind all these strategies are generalized, and suggestions for future development are given accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Lin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jizheng Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Yang G, Wang Z, Duan Y, Zhao D, Yu J. High-Performance Organic Photodetectors by Introducing a Non-Fullerene Acceptor to Broaden Long Wavelength Detective Spectrum. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2019; 14:201. [PMID: 31187292 PMCID: PMC6560114 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-019-3033-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the broadband visible organic photodetectors (OPDs) by introducing a non-fullerene acceptor of 3,9-bis(2-methylene-(3-(1,1dicyanomethylene)-indanone))-5,5,11,11-tetrakis(4-hexylphenyl)-dithieno[2,3d:2,3'-d']-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b']dithiophene (ITIC) into the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) based on a conventional system of poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT):[6,6]-phenyl C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) .The resultant OPDs exhibit a specific detectivity beyond 1012 Jones in the whole visible region ranged from 380 nm to 760 nm, and the highest detectivity reaches 2.67 × 1012 Jones at 710 nm. UV-Vis absorption spectrum, steady-state photoluminescence, atomic force microscopy, and space-charge-limited current property were applied to analyze the film characteristics of obtained OPDs. Owing to the long-wavelength absorption band of ITIC, the spectral photodetection range has been broadened effectively, and better film morphology, more effective energy transfer, and the reduced electron mobility in the active layer are responsible for the excellent photodetection capability. The proposed scheme provides a reliable strategy for implementing high-performance broadband visible OPDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genjie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, 610054 China
| | - Zijun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, 610054 China
| | - Yuxiang Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, 610054 China
| | - Dan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, 610054 China
| | - Junsheng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, 610054 China
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Yen CT, Huang YC, Yu ZL, Cha HC, Hsiao HT, Liang YT, Chien FSS, Tsao CS. Performance Improvement and Characterization of Spray-Coated Organic Photodetectors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:33399-33406. [PMID: 30198707 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b15140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Low dark current organic photodetectors (OPDs) with a conventional structure consisting of poly(3-hexylthiophene) and [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) as active layer have been fabricated by spray-coating. Tuning the thickness of active layer and thermal annealing process for the spray-coated OPDs results in a remarkable performance with a low dark current density ( Jd) of 2.90 × 10-8 A/cm2 at reverse bias of 1 V. The impact of thermal annealing on the performance of sprayed OPDs is also investigated by the impedance analysis for mechanistic understanding. Our results demonstrate that the optimization of PCBM cluster and interfacial contact between the active layer and the metal electrode tailored by thermal annealing, respectively, could effectively reduce the Jd and increase the sensitivity of sprayed OPDs. The control of PCBM cluster is more important than the interfacial contact between the layers for improving Jd. In addition, structural characterization of the active layer studied by synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering technique reveals why the spray-coated process can achieve the lowest dark current due to the favorable structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Te Yen
- Institute of Nuclear Energy Research , Longtan, Taoyaun 32546 , Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Huang
- Department of Materials Engineering , Ming Chi University of Technology , New Taipei City 24301 , Taiwan
| | - Zheng-Lin Yu
- Institute of Nuclear Energy Research , Longtan, Taoyaun 32546 , Taiwan
| | - Hou-Chin Cha
- Institute of Nuclear Energy Research , Longtan, Taoyaun 32546 , Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - Cheng-Si Tsao
- Institute of Nuclear Energy Research , Longtan, Taoyaun 32546 , Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
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