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Kumar A, Kumari P, Senthil Kumar M, Gupta G, Shivagan DD, Bapna K. A high-performance flexible humidity sensor based on a TiO 2-MWCNT nanocomposite for human healthcare applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:21186-21196. [PMID: 39072697 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01148a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
The present work shows the improved humidity sensing characteristics of TiO2 nanoparticles in the form of a nanocomposite with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) prepared by a hydration-dehydration method. The structural and morphological characterizations of TiO2-MWCNTs confirm the nanocomposite formation without any other impurities and with an improved surface area. The pure TiO2 and nanocomposite films are deposited on IDE coated flexible poly-ethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates by a drop casting method. The nanocomposite shows improved sensitivity (1246.2 MΩ/%RH) and an ultrafast response/recovery time (2 s/1 s) with a minimal hysteresis of 0.27%RH. Further, the flexible nanocomposite sensor is tested for human healthcare applications including respiratory monitoring, apnea like situations, and skin moisture detection. The sensor can distinguish different breath patterns like normal, fast, deep and apnea like situations significantly. Skin moisture detection can also be performed using the nanocomposite sensor in a non-invasive manner. Overall, this study represents an environmentally friendly, easy to fabricate, flexible TiO2-MWCNT nanocomposite based improved humidity sensor for application in human healthcare and wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Kumar
- Temperature and Humidity Metrology, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India.
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Parvesh Kumari
- Temperature and Humidity Metrology, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India.
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - M Senthil Kumar
- Sensor Devices and Metrology, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Temperature and Humidity Metrology, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India.
| | - D D Shivagan
- Temperature and Humidity Metrology, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India.
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Komal Bapna
- Temperature and Humidity Metrology, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India.
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
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Zhou X, Liu X, Yu X, Liu Q, Bai T, Gao M, Xu C, Zhang X, Zhu M, Cheng Y. Hybrid Water-Harvesting Channels Delivering Wide-Range and Supersensitive Passive Fluorescence Humidity Sensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:27794-27803. [PMID: 38748448 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c05437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The development of optical humidity detection has been of considerable interest in highly integrated wearable electronics and packaged equipment. However, improving their capacities for color recognition at ultralow humidity and response-recovery rate remains a significant challenge. Herein, we propose a type of hybrid water-harvesting channel to construct brand-new passive fluorescence humidity sensors (PFHSs). Specifically, the hybrid water-harvesting channels involve porous metal-organic frameworks and a hydrophilic poly(acrylic acid) network that can capture water vapors from the ambient environment even at ultralow humidity, into which polar-responsive aggregation-induced emission molecules are doped to impart humidity-sensitive luminescence colors. As a result, the PFHSs exhibit clearly defined fluorescence signals within 0-98% RH coupling with desirable performances such as a fast response rate, precise quantitative feedback, and durable reversibility. Given the flexible processability of this system, we further upgrade the porous structure via electrostatic spinning to furnish a kind of Nano-PFHSs, demonstrating an impressive response time (<100 ms). Finally, we validate the promising applications of these sensors in electronic humidity monitoring and successfully fabricate a portable and rapid humidity indicator card.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Qin Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Tianxiang Bai
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Mengyue Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Chengjian Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xinhai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yanhua Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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Lee JH, Cho K, Kim JK. Age of Flexible Electronics: Emerging Trends in Soft Multifunctional Sensors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2310505. [PMID: 38258951 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
With the commercialization of first-generation flexible mobiles and displays in the late 2010s, humanity has stepped into the age of flexible electronics. Inevitably, soft multifunctional sensors, as essential components of next-generation flexible electronics, have attracted tremendous research interest like never before. This review is dedicated to offering an overview of the latest emerging trends in soft multifunctional sensors and their accordant future research and development (R&D) directions for the coming decade. First, key characteristics and the predominant target stimuli for soft multifunctional sensors are highlighted. Second, important selection criteria for soft multifunctional sensors are introduced. Next, emerging materials/structures and trends for soft multifunctional sensors are identified. Specifically, the future R&D directions of these sensors are envisaged based on their emerging trends, namely i) decoupling of multiple stimuli, ii) data processing, iii) skin conformability, and iv) energy sources. Finally, the challenges and potential opportunities for these sensors in future are discussed, offering new insights into prospects in the fast-emerging technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeng-Hun Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, South Korea
| | - Kilwon Cho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, South Korea
| | - Jang-Kyo Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University, P. O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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Sekulić DL, Ivetić TB. Characterization of an Impedance-Type Humidity Sensor Based on Porous SnO 2/TiO 2 Composite Ceramics Modified with Molybdenum and Zinc. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:8261. [PMID: 37837091 PMCID: PMC10575120 DOI: 10.3390/s23198261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we report on the room-temperature characteristics of an impedance-type humidity sensor based on porous tin oxide/titanium oxide (SnO2/TiO2) composite ceramics modified with Mo and Zn. The SnO2/TiO2-based composites synthesized in the solid-state processing technique have been structurally characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive, and Raman spectroscopy. Structural analysis indicated the desired porous nature of the synthesized ceramics for sensing applications, with an average crystallite size in the nano range and a density of about 80%. The humidity-sensing properties were evaluated within a wide relative humidity range from 15% to 85% at room temperature, and the results showed that a better humidity response had a sample with Mo. This humidity-sensing material exhibits a linear impedance change of about two orders of magnitude at the optimal operating frequency of 10 kHz. Furthermore, fast response (18 s) and recovery (27 s), relatively small hysteresis (2.8%), repeatability, and good long-term stability were also obtained. Finally, the possible humidity-sensing mechanism was discussed in detail using the results of complex impedance analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalibor L. Sekulić
- Department of Power, Electronic and Telecommunication Engineering, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 6, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;
| | - Tamara B. Ivetić
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
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Guo P, Tian B, Liang J, Yang X, Tang G, Li Q, Liu Q, Zheng K, Chen X, Wu W. An All-Printed, Fast-Response Flexible Humidity Sensor Based on Hexagonal-WO 3 Nanowires for Multifunctional Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2304420. [PMID: 37358069 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
The utilization of printing techniques for the development of high-performance humidity sensors holds immense significance for various applications in the fields of the Internet of Things, agriculture, human healthcare, and storage environments. However, the long response time and low sensitivity of current printed humidity sensors limit their practical applications. Herein, a series of high-sensing-performance flexible resistive-type humidity sensors is fabricated by the screen-printing method, and hexagonal tungsten oxide (h-WO3 ) is employed as the humidity-sensing material due to its low cost, strong chemical adsorption ability, and excellent humidity-sensing ability. The as-prepared printed sensors exhibit high sensitivity, good repeatability, outstanding flexibility, low hysteresis, and fast response (1.5 s) in a wide relative humidity (RH) range (11-95% RH). Furthermore, the sensitivity of humidity sensors can be easily adjusted by altering the manufacturing parameters of the sensing layer and interdigital electrode to meet the diverse requirements of specific applications. The printed flexible humidity sensors possess immense potential in various applications, including wearable devices, non-contact measurements, and packaging opening state monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panwang Guo
- Laboratory of Printable Functional Materials and Printed Electronics, Research Center for Graphic Communication, Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
- Sleep Medicine Centre, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China
| | - Bin Tian
- Laboratory of Printable Functional Materials and Printed Electronics, Research Center for Graphic Communication, Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
- Sleep Medicine Centre, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China
| | - Jing Liang
- Laboratory of Printable Functional Materials and Printed Electronics, Research Center for Graphic Communication, Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xiuping Yang
- Sleep Medicine Centre, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China
| | - Guilin Tang
- Laboratory of Printable Functional Materials and Printed Electronics, Research Center for Graphic Communication, Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Quancai Li
- Laboratory of Printable Functional Materials and Printed Electronics, Research Center for Graphic Communication, Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Qun Liu
- Laboratory of Printable Functional Materials and Printed Electronics, Research Center for Graphic Communication, Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Ke Zheng
- Laboratory of Printable Functional Materials and Printed Electronics, Research Center for Graphic Communication, Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xiong Chen
- Sleep Medicine Centre, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wu
- Laboratory of Printable Functional Materials and Printed Electronics, Research Center for Graphic Communication, Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
- Sleep Medicine Centre, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China
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Korotcenkov G. Paper-Based Humidity Sensors as Promising Flexible Devices: State of the Art: Part 1. General Consideration. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13061110. [PMID: 36986004 PMCID: PMC10059663 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In the first part of the review article "General considerations" we give information about conventional flexible platforms and consider the advantages and disadvantages of paper when used in humidity sensors, both as a substrate and as a humidity-sensitive material. This consideration shows that paper, especially nanopaper, is a very promising material for the development of low-cost flexible humidity sensors suitable for a wide range of applications. Various humidity-sensitive materials suitable for use in paper-based sensors are analyzed and the humidity-sensitive characteristics of paper and other humidity-sensitive materials are compared. Various configurations of humidity sensors that can be developed on the basis of paper are considered, and a description of the mechanisms of their operation is given. Next, we discuss the manufacturing features of paper-based humidity sensors. The main attention is paid to the consideration of such problems as patterning and electrode formation. It is shown that printing technologies are the most suitable for mass production of paper-based flexible humidity sensors. At the same time, these technologies are effective both in the formation of a humidity-sensitive layer and in the manufacture of electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghenadii Korotcenkov
- Department of Physics and Engineering, Moldova State University, MD-2009 Chisinau, Moldova
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7
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Lu Y, Yang G, Shen Y, Yang H, Xu K. Multifunctional Flexible Humidity Sensor Systems Towards Noncontact Wearable Electronics. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2022; 14:150. [PMID: 35869398 PMCID: PMC9307709 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-00895-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In the past decade, the global industry and research attentions on intelligent skin-like electronics have boosted their applications in diverse fields including human healthcare, Internet of Things, human-machine interfaces, artificial intelligence and soft robotics. Among them, flexible humidity sensors play a vital role in noncontact measurements relying on the unique property of rapid response to humidity change. This work presents an overview of recent advances in flexible humidity sensors using various active functional materials for contactless monitoring. Four categories of humidity sensors are highlighted based on resistive, capacitive, impedance-type and voltage-type working mechanisms. Furthermore, typical strategies including chemical doping, structural design and Joule heating are introduced to enhance the performance of humidity sensors. Drawing on the noncontact perception capability, human/plant healthcare management, human-machine interactions as well as integrated humidity sensor-based feedback systems are presented. The burgeoning innovations in this research field will benefit human society, especially during the COVID-19 epidemic, where cross-infection should be averted and contactless sensation is highly desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Geng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yajing Shen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huayong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaichen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Chi Y, Han J, Zheng J, Yang J, Cao Z, Ghasemian MB, Rahim MA, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kumar P, Tang J. Insights into the Interfacial Contact and Charge Transport of Gas-Sensing Liquid Metal Marbles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:30112-30123. [PMID: 35737904 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c06908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the interfacial contacts between liquid metals and substrate materials is becoming increasingly important for the fast-rising liquid metal-enabled technologies. However, for such technologies, probing the contact behavior and interfacial charge transport has remained challenging due to the deformable nature of liquid metals and the presence of the surface oxide layer. Here, we encapsulate eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn) micro-/nanodroplets with tungsten trioxide (WO3) nanoparticles to form a WO3/EGaIn liquid metal marble network, in which the interfacial contact of the intrinsically semiconducting WO3 governs the charge transport. We investigate the interfacial structures and charge transport characteristics under different contact conditions and various gaseous environments. The results suggest that establishing a WO3/EGaIn heterostructure leads to near-ohmic contact behaviors and also the emergence of localized surface plasmon resonance. Density functional theory calculations of the WO3/EGaIn interface support the experiments by revealing atomistic attractions between EGaIn alloy and the O atoms from WO3, resulting in a Fermi level shift. We also show that the efficient interfacial charge transport of the liquid metal marble network results in an enhanced gas-sensing response. This work paves the way for the possibility of studying other liquid metal/semiconductor contacts for applications in soft electronics and optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Chi
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Jialuo Han
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Jiewei Zheng
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Jiong Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Zhenbang Cao
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Mohammad B Ghasemian
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Md Arifur Rahim
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Kourosh Kalantar-Zadeh
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Priyank Kumar
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Jianbo Tang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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9
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Lin Q, Liang S, Wang J, Zhang R, Wang X. Cadmium Sulfide 3D Photonic Crystal with Hierarchically Ordered Macropores for Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:2920-2928. [PMID: 35104129 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium sulfide is a potential candidate for photocatalytic water splitting. However, CdS nanoparticles have a high recombination rate of photoinduced carriers induced by aggregation. Therefore, decreasing the recombination rate and increasing the migration rate of photogenerated carriers are essential to drive the development and application of CdS in hydrogen production. In this study, we design CdS with a three-dimensional ordered macroporous (3DOM) structure using polymethylmethacrylate as a template. It not only retains the excellent visible light response of CdS but also improves the easy recombination of photogenerated carriers in CdS nanoparticles by taking advantage of the unique ability of mass transfer, charge separation, and migration in the 3DOM structure. Meanwhile, the highly ordered periodic structure of 3DOM CdS can produce a slow photon effect of photonic crystals to obtain more photoinduced carriers. In particular, we found that a suitable stop-band position is beneficial to maximize the utilization of the slow photon effect. The photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate of Pt-CdS is considerably improved after constructing the 3DOM structure. This study provides a new design strategy of ordered macroporous sulfide catalysts to achieve high photocatalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhuo Lin
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis, the College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Road, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Shudong Liang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis, the College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Road, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Jintao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis, the College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Road, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Rongbin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis, the College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Road, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Xuewen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis, the College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Road, Nanchang 330031, China
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10
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Synthesis Design of Electronegativity Dependent WO3 and WO3∙0.33H2O Materials for a Better Understanding of TiO2/WO3 Composites’ Photocatalytic Activity. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11070779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of a semiconductor or a composite semiconductor system—with applications in materials science—is complex because its morphology and structure depend on several parameters. These parameters are the precursor type, solvent, pH of the solution, synthesis approach, or shaping agents. This study gives meaningful insight regarding the synthesis design of such WO3 materials. By systematically alternating the precursor (sodium tungstate dihydrate—NWH, or ammonium tungstate hydrate—AMT), subsequently shaping the agents (halide salts—NaX, KX, or hydrohalic acids—HX; X = F−, Cl−, Br−, I−), we have obtained WO3 semiconductors by hydrothermal treatment, which in composite systems can enhance the commercial TiO2 photocatalytic activity. We investigated three sample series: WO3-NWH-NaX/WO3-NWH-KX and, subsequently, WO3-AMT-HX. The presence of W+5 centers was evidenced by Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. W+5 and W+6 species affected the band gap values of the NaX and KX series; a higher percentage of W+5 and, subsequently, W+6 caused a redshift, while, regarding the HX series, it led to a blue shift. Increased electronegativity of the halide anions has an unfavorable effect on the composites’ photoactivity. In contrast, in the case of hydrohalic acids, it had a positive impact.
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11
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A 2D honeycomb coordination polymer of [Cd(TMA)]n (H2TMA = 3-thiophenemalonic acid) for humidity sensing applications. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2020.108440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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3D Tungsten Trioxide Nanosheets as Optoelectronic Materials for On-chip Quantification of Global Antioxidant Capacity. Chem Res Chin Univ 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-020-0234-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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13
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Tadeo IJ, Parasuraman R, Krupanidhi SB, Umarji AM. Enhanced humidity responsive ultrasonically nebulised V2O5 thin films. NANO EXPRESS 2020. [DOI: 10.1088/2632-959x/ab779a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A large surface to volume ratio and easily accessible active reaction sites are key attributes for a good gas sensing material. Herein, we report synthesis, characterisation and humidity sensing properties of phase pure 420 nm thick low temperature (350 °C) polycrystalline V2O5 thin films deposited on quartz substrate by ultrasonic nebulized spray pyrolysis of aqueous combustion mixture (UNSPACM). The thin films were characterized by x-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscope, field emission scanning microscope, transmission electron microscope, UV–visible spectroscopy and XPS. The highly porous and nanocrystalline characteristic of V2O5 thin films synthesized by this technique provide large surface to volume ratio and easily accessible active reaction sites making it a prominent material for gas sensing applications. The fabricated humidity sensor based on V2O5 thin films exhibited high sensitivity with good stability and reproducibility at room temperature. The sensor exhibited high sensitivity of 90.8% at 76% RH with response time of 35–60 s and recovery time of 7–54 s. We believe this method provides means for large-scale synthesis of V2O5 thin films for several gas sensing applications.
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14
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Li JF, Zhong CY, Huang JR, Chen Y, Wang Z, Liu ZQ. Carbon dots decorated three-dimensionally ordered macroporous bismuth-doped titanium dioxide with efficient charge separation for high performance photocatalysis. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 553:758-767. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.06.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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15
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Dai Z, Liang T, Lee JH. Gas sensors using ordered macroporous oxide nanostructures. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:1626-1639. [PMID: 36134246 PMCID: PMC9417045 DOI: 10.1039/c8na00303c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Detection and monitoring of harmful and toxic gases have gained increased interest in relation to worldwide environmental issues. Semiconducting metal oxide gas sensors have been considered promising for the facile remote detection of gases and vapors over the past decades. However, their sensing performance is still a challenge to meet the demands for practical applications where excellent sensitivity, selectivity, stability, and response/recovery rate are imperative. Therefore, sensing materials with novel architectures and fabrication processes have been pursued with a flurry of research activity. In particular, the preparation of ordered macroporous metal oxide nanostructures is regarded as an intriguing candidate wherein ordered aperture sizes in the range from 50 nm to 1.5 μm can increase the chemical diffusion rate and considerably strengthen the performance stability and repeatability. This review highlights the recent advances in the fabrication of ordered macroporous nanostructures with different dimensions and compositions, discusses the sensing behavior evolution governed by structural layouts, hierarchy, doping, and heterojunctions, as well as considering their general principles and future prospects. This would provide a clear scale for others to tune the sensing performance of porous materials in terms of specific components and structural designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengfei Dai
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 People's Republic of China
| | - Jong-Heun Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
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16
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Mehta SS, Nadargi DY, Tamboli MS, Chaudhary LS, Patil PS, Mulla IS, Suryavanshi SS. Ru-Loaded mesoporous WO 3 microflowers for dual applications: enhanced H 2S sensing and sunlight-driven photocatalysis. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:16840-16845. [PMID: 30427342 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03667e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a facile synthesis of Ru-loaded WO3 marigold structures through a hydrothermal route and their bidirectional applications as enhanced H2S gas sensors and efficient sunlight-driven photocatalysts. The developed hierarchical marigold structures provide effective gas diffusion channels via a well-aligned mesoporous framework, resulting in remarkable enhancement in the sensing response to H2S. The temperature and gas concentration dependence on the sensing properties reveals that Ru loading not only improves the sensing response, but also lowers the operating temperature of the sensor from 275 to 200 °C. The 0.5 wt% Ru-loaded WO3 shows selective response towards H2S, which is 45 times higher (142) than that of pristine WO3 (3.16) sensor, whereas the 0.25 wt% Ru-loaded WO3 exhibits the highest photocatalytic activity, as shown by the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) under natural sunlight. The gas sensing and photocatalytic properties are explained through the role of Ru and the structural and morphological properties of the developed material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati S Mehta
- School of Physical Sciences, Solapur University, Solapur - 413255, Maharashtra, India.
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17
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Cao R, Yang H, Deng X, Sun P, Zhang S, Xu X. Construction of 3DOM Carbon Nitrides with Quasi-Honeycomb Structures for Efficient Photocatalytic H2
Production. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201801387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruya Cao
- School of Physics and Technology; University of Jinan; Shandong 250022 P. R. China
| | - Hongcen Yang
- School of Physics and Technology; University of Jinan; Shandong 250022 P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Deng
- School of Physics and Technology; University of Jinan; Shandong 250022 P. R. China
| | - Pengxiao Sun
- School of Physics and Technology; University of Jinan; Shandong 250022 P. R. China
| | - Shouwei Zhang
- School of Physics and Technology; University of Jinan; Shandong 250022 P. R. China
| | - Xijin Xu
- School of Physics and Technology; University of Jinan; Shandong 250022 P. R. China
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