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Zhang K, Li X, Yan C, Shi R, Fang Z, Zhou S, Cao R, Tian J. All-Wood-Based Ionic Power Generator with Dual Functions for Alkaline Wastewater Reuse and Energy Harvesting. ACS NANO 2024; 18:10259-10269. [PMID: 38551447 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Water-induced electricity harvesting has gained much significance for energy sustainability. Bio-based hydrovoltaic materials increase the attractiveness of this strategy. Although promising, it faces a challenge due to its reliance on fresh water and its inherently low power output. Herein, the energy from alkalinity-gradient power generation demonstrated the feasibility of reuse of alkaline wastewater to develop an all-wood-based water-induced electric generator (WEG) based on ion concentration gradients. The intermittent water droplets bring about uneven distribution of electrolyte and endow delignified wood with the difference of ion concentration along aligned cellulose nanochannels, thus supplying electrical power. The practice of using alkali reservoirs, including industrial wastewater, further contributes to electricity generation. The cubic WEG with a side length of 2 cm can produce an ultrahigh open-circuit voltage of about 1.1 V and a short-circuit current of up to 320 μA. A power output of 6.75 μW cm-2 is correspondingly realized. Series-connected WEGs can be used as an energy source for commercial electronics and self-powered systems. Our design provides a double value proposition, allowing for sustainable energy generation and wastewater reuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chenyang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Rongxiang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhiqiang Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Songlin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, School of Tropical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571199, China
| | - Rong Cao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, School of Tropical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571199, China
| | - Junfei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangzhou 510006, China
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2
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Zhu S, Wang S, Huang Y, Tang Q, Fu T, Su R, Fan C, Xia S, Lee PS, Lin Y. Bioinspired structural hydrogels with highly ordered hierarchical orientations by flow-induced alignment of nanofibrils. Nat Commun 2024; 15:118. [PMID: 38168050 PMCID: PMC10761753 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44481-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural structural materials often possess unique combinations of strength and toughness resulting from their complex hierarchical assembly across multiple length scales. However, engineering such well-ordered structures in synthetic materials via a universal and scalable manner still poses a grand challenge. Herein, a simple yet versatile approach is proposed to design hierarchically structured hydrogels by flow-induced alignment of nanofibrils, without high time/energy consumption or cumbersome postprocessing. Highly aligned fibrous configuration and structural densification are successfully achieved in anisotropic hydrogels under ambient conditions, resulting in desired mechanical properties and damage-tolerant architectures, for example, strength of 14 ± 1 MPa, toughness of 154 ± 13 MJ m-3, and fracture energy of 153 ± 8 kJ m-2. Moreover, a hydrogel mesoporous framework can deliver ultra-fast and unidirectional water transport (maximum speed at 65.75 mm s-1), highlighting its potential for water purification. This scalable fabrication explores a promising strategy for developing bioinspired structural hydrogels, facilitating their practical applications in biomedical and engineering fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuihong Zhu
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Sen Wang
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Yifan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, PR China
| | - Qiyun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, PR China
| | - Tianqi Fu
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Riyan Su
- Shandong Huankeyuan Environmental Testing Co., Ltd, Jinan, 250013, PR China
| | - Chaoyu Fan
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Shuang Xia
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Pooi See Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Youhui Lin
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China.
- National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China.
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3
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Zhang J, Cui P, Wang J, Meng H, Ge Y, Feng C, Liu H, Meng Y, Zhou Z, Xuan N, Zhang B, Cheng G, Du Z. Paper-Based Hydroelectric Generators for Water Evaporation-Induced Electricity Generation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2304482. [PMID: 37740700 PMCID: PMC10625126 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
The research presented in this paper introduces a novel environmental energy-harvesting technology that harnesses electricity from the evaporation of water using porous structural materials. Specifically, a strategy employing paper-based hydroelectric generators (p-HEGs) is proposed to capture the energy produced during water evaporation and convert it into usable electricity. The p-HEGs offer several advantages, including simplicity in fabrication, low cost, and reusability. To evaluate their effectiveness, the water evaporation-induced electrical output performance of four different p-HEGs are compared. Among the variants tested, the p-HEG combining wood pulp and polyester fiber exhibits the best output performance. At room temperature, this particular p-HEG generates a short-circuit current and open-circuit voltage of ≈0.4 µA and 0.3 V, respectively, thereby demonstrating excellent electrical stability. Furthermore, the electrical current and voltage generated by the p-HEG through water evaporation are able to power an LED light, both individually and in series and parallel connections. This study delves into the potential of electricity harvesting from water evaporation and establishes it as a viable method for renewable energy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringKey Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of EducationNational & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High‐efficiency Display and Lighting TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and ApplicationsHenan UniversityKaifeng475004China
| | - Peng Cui
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringKey Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of EducationNational & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High‐efficiency Display and Lighting TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and ApplicationsHenan UniversityKaifeng475004China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringKey Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of EducationNational & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High‐efficiency Display and Lighting TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and ApplicationsHenan UniversityKaifeng475004China
| | - Huan Meng
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringKey Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of EducationNational & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High‐efficiency Display and Lighting TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and ApplicationsHenan UniversityKaifeng475004China
| | - Ying Ge
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringKey Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of EducationNational & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High‐efficiency Display and Lighting TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and ApplicationsHenan UniversityKaifeng475004China
| | - Can Feng
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringKey Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of EducationNational & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High‐efficiency Display and Lighting TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and ApplicationsHenan UniversityKaifeng475004China
| | - Huimin Liu
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringKey Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of EducationNational & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High‐efficiency Display and Lighting TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and ApplicationsHenan UniversityKaifeng475004China
| | - Yao Meng
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringKey Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of EducationNational & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High‐efficiency Display and Lighting TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and ApplicationsHenan UniversityKaifeng475004China
| | - Zunkang Zhou
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringKey Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of EducationNational & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High‐efficiency Display and Lighting TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and ApplicationsHenan UniversityKaifeng475004China
| | - Ningning Xuan
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringKey Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of EducationNational & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High‐efficiency Display and Lighting TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and ApplicationsHenan UniversityKaifeng475004China
| | - Bao Zhang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringKey Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of EducationNational & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High‐efficiency Display and Lighting TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and ApplicationsHenan UniversityKaifeng475004China
| | - Gang Cheng
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringKey Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of EducationNational & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High‐efficiency Display and Lighting TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and ApplicationsHenan UniversityKaifeng475004China
| | - Zuliang Du
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringKey Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of EducationNational & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High‐efficiency Display and Lighting TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and ApplicationsHenan UniversityKaifeng475004China
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4
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Dai X, Guan H, Wang X, Wu M, Hu J, Wang X. Lamellar Wood Sponge with Vertically Aligned Channels for Highly Efficient and Salt-Resistant Solar Desalination. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:38100-38109. [PMID: 37499169 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Solar-assisted interfacial evaporation is a promising approach for purifying and desalinating water. As a sustainable biomass material, wood has attracted increasing interest as an innovative substrate for solar desalination, owing to its intrinsic porous structure, high hydrophilicity, and low thermal conductivity. However, developing wood-based solar evaporators with high evaporation rates and excellent salt resistance still remains a significant challenge, owing to the absence of large pores with high interconnectivity in natural wood. Herein, by converting the honeycombed structure of natural wood into a lamellar architecture via structural engineering, we develop a flexible wood sponge with vertically aligned channels for efficient and salt-resistant solar desalination after surface coating with carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The special lamellar structure with an interlayer distance of 50-300 μm provides the wood sponge with faster water transport, lower thermal conductivity, and water evaporation enthalpy, thus achieving higher evaporation performances in comparison with the cellular structure of natural wood. Noteworthy, the vertically aligned channels of the wood sponge facilitate sufficient fluid convection and diffusion and enable efficient salt exchanges between the heating interface and the underlying bulk water, thus preventing salt accumulation on the surface. Benefiting from the distinctive lamellar structure, the developed wood-sponge evaporator exhibits exceptional salt resistance even in a hypersaline brine (20 wt %) during continuous 7-day desalination under 1 sun irradiation, with a high evaporation rate (1.38-1.43 kg m-2 h-1), outperforming most previously reported wood-based evaporators. The lamellar wood sponge may provide a promising strategy for desalinating high-salinity brines in an efficient manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjian Dai
- Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100091, P. R. China
| | - Hao Guan
- Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100091, P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100091, P. R. China
| | - Mingyue Wu
- Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100091, P. R. China
| | - Jihang Hu
- Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100091, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100091, P. R. China
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5
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Synergistic flame retardant effect of a new N-P flame retardant on poplar wood density board. Polym Degrad Stab 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2023.110331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
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6
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Chen L, Guo X, Sun X, Zhang S, Wu J, Yu H, Zhang T, Cheng W, Shi Y, Pan L. Porous Structural Microfluidic Device for Biomedical Diagnosis: A Review. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:547. [PMID: 36984956 PMCID: PMC10051279 DOI: 10.3390/mi14030547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidics has recently received more and more attention in applications such as biomedical, chemical and medicine. With the development of microelectronics technology as well as material science in recent years, microfluidic devices have made great progress. Porous structures as a discontinuous medium in which the special flow phenomena of fluids lead to their potential and special applications in microfluidics offer a unique way to develop completely new microfluidic chips. In this article, we firstly introduce the fabrication methods for porous structures of different materials. Then, the physical effects of microfluid flow in porous media and their related physical models are discussed. Finally, the state-of-the-art porous microfluidic chips and their applications in biomedicine are summarized, and we present the current problems and future directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xidi Sun
- Correspondence: (X.S.); (Y.S.); (L.P.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yi Shi
- Correspondence: (X.S.); (Y.S.); (L.P.)
| | - Lijia Pan
- Correspondence: (X.S.); (Y.S.); (L.P.)
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7
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Palladium Nanoparticle-Loaded Mesostructural Natural Woods for Efficient Water Treatment. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030658. [PMID: 36771959 PMCID: PMC9919286 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural wood with oriented microchannels and unique multi-level structures is an ideal candidate for making water treatment membranes. Here, palladium nanoparticles are loaded into different kinds of natural woods and the degradation property of the wood membranes for organic pollutants are investigated. The water flux of hardwoods is significantly higher than that of softwood due to the existence of large vessel elements. For the single pollutant, both hardwood and softwood show high degradation efficiency for methylene blue and methylene orange, while the degradation efficiency of the softwoods for 4-nitrophenol is significantly higher than that of the hardwoods due to their lower water flux. For the mixed pollutants, all the wood membranes have a good degradation property for different concentrations of methylene blue in polluted water, while the degradation efficiency of high concentration methylene orange and 4-nitrophenol is low. Our work will provide some guidance for the degradation of organic pollutants in actual polluted water.
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8
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Juang YJ, Chiu YJ. Fabrication of Polymer Microfluidics: An Overview. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14102028. [PMID: 35631909 PMCID: PMC9147778 DOI: 10.3390/polym14102028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Microfluidic platform technology has presented a new strategy to detect and analyze analytes and biological entities thanks to its reduced dimensions, which results in lower reagent consumption, fast reaction, multiplex, simplified procedure, and high portability. In addition, various forces, such as hydrodynamic force, electrokinetic force, and acoustic force, become available to manipulate particles to be focused and aligned, sorted, trapped, patterned, etc. To fabricate microfluidic chips, silicon was the first to be used as a substrate material because its processing is highly correlated to semiconductor fabrication techniques. Nevertheless, other materials, such as glass, polymers, ceramics, and metals, were also adopted during the emergence of microfluidics. Among numerous applications of microfluidics, where repeated short-time monitoring and one-time usage at an affordable price is required, polymer microfluidics has stood out to fulfill demand by making good use of its variety in material properties and processing techniques. In this paper, the primary fabrication techniques for polymer microfluidics were reviewed and classified into two categories, e.g., mold-based and non-mold-based approaches. For the mold-based approaches, micro-embossing, micro-injection molding, and casting were discussed. As for the non-mold-based approaches, CNC micromachining, laser micromachining, and 3D printing were discussed. This review provides researchers and the general audience with an overview of the fabrication techniques of polymer microfluidic devices, which could serve as a reference when one embarks on studies in this field and deals with polymer microfluidics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Je Juang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 University Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan;
- Core Facility Center, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 University Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Research Center for Energy Technology and Strategy, National Cheng Kung University, No.1 University Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-62757575 (ext. 62653); Fax: +886-62344496
| | - Yu-Jui Chiu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 University Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan;
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Prabowo BA, Fernandes E, Freitas P. A pump-free microfluidic device for fast magnetic labeling of ischemic stroke biomarkers. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:2571-2583. [PMID: 35088131 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-03915-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
This research proposes a low-cost and simple operation microfluidic chip to enhance the magnetic labeling efficiency of two ischemic stroke biomarkers: cellular fibronectin (c-Fn) and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9). This fully portable and pump-free microfluidic chip is operated based on capillary attractions without any external power source and battery. It uses an integrated cellulose sponge to absorb the samples. At the same time, a magnetic field is aligned to hold the target labeled by the magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in the pre-concentrated chamber. By using this approach, the specific targets are labeled from the beginning of the sampling process without preliminary sample purification. The proposed study enhanced the labeling efficiency from 1 h to 15 min. The dynamic interactions occur in the serpentine channel, while the crescent formation of MNPs in the pre-concentrated chamber, acting as a magnetic filter, improves the biomarker-MNP interaction. The labeling optimization by the proposed device influences the dynamic range by optimizing the MNP ratio to fit the linear range across the clinical cutoff value. The limits of detection (LODs) of 2.8 ng/mL and 54.6 ng/mL of c-Fn measurement were achieved for undiluted and four times dilutions of MNP, respectively. While for MMP9, the LODs were 11.5 ng/mL for undiluted functionalized MNP and 132 ng/mL for four times dilutions of functionalized MNP. The results highlight the potential use of this device for clinical sample preparation and specific magnetic target labeling. When combined with a detection system, it could also be used as an integrated component of a point-of-care platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briliant Adhi Prabowo
- INL - International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga, s/n 4715-330, Braga, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Fernandes
- INL - International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga, s/n 4715-330, Braga, Portugal.
| | - Paulo Freitas
- INL - International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga, s/n 4715-330, Braga, Portugal.
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10
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Konch T, Dutta T, Buragohain M, Raidongia K. Remarkable Rate of Water Evaporation through Naked Veins of Natural Tree Leaves. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:20379-20387. [PMID: 34395986 PMCID: PMC8359162 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the form of leaves, nature designs the finest photothermal evaporators, and the tremendous evaporation efficiency of leaves is supported by a precisely designed network of veins. Here, we have demonstrated that the vein network of a natural leaf can be extracted through a simple water-assisted digestion process and exploited for low-energy steam generation. The naked leaf veins exhibit a remarkable flux (evaporation rate, 1.5 kg·m-2·h-1) of capillary evaporation under ambient conditions (25 °C and 30% RH), close to the photothermal material-based evaporators reported in the recent literature. Even inside a dark box, naked veins exhibit an evaporation rate up to 4.5 kg·m-2·h-1 (at 30% relative humidity (RH) and a wind speed of 22 km·h-1). The mechanistic studies performed with variable atmospheric conditions (temperature, humidity, and wind speed) suggest the evaporation process through the naked veins to be a kinetic-limited process. Naked veins with remarkable evaporation efficiency are found to be suitable for applications like water desalination and streaming potential harvesting. Experiments with the naked veins also unveiled that the biofluidic channels in leaves not only exhibit the characteristics of surface charge-governed ionic transport but also support an exceptional water transport velocity of 1444 μm·s-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tukhar
Jyoti Konch
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Trisha Dutta
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Madhurjya Buragohain
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Kalyan Raidongia
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
- Centre
for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of
Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
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11
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Chen C, Hu L. Nanoscale Ion Regulation in Wood-Based Structures and Their Device Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2002890. [PMID: 33108027 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Ion transport and regulation are fundamental processes for various devices and applications related to energy storage and conversion, environmental remediation, sensing, ionotronics, and biotechnology. Wood-based materials, fabricated by top-down or bottom-up approaches, possess a unique hierarchically porous fibrous structure that offers an appealing material platform for multiscale ion regulation. The ion transport behavior in these materials can be regulated through structural and compositional engineering from the macroscale down to the nanoscale, imparting wood-based materials with multiple functions for a range of emerging applications. A fundamental understanding of ion transport behavior in wood-based structures enhances the capability to design high-performance ion-regulating devices and promotes the utilization of sustainable wood materials. Combining this unique ion regulation capability with the renewable and cost-effective raw materials available, wood and its derivatives are the natural choice of materials toward sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoji Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Center for Materials Innovation, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Liangbing Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Center for Materials Innovation, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
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12
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Ray U, Zhu S, Pang Z, Li T. Mechanics Design in Cellulose-Enabled High-Performance Functional Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2002504. [PMID: 32794349 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The abundance of cellulose found in natural resources such as wood, and the wide spectrum of structural diversity of cellulose nanomaterials in the form of micro-nano-sized particles and fibers, have sparked a tremendous interest to utilize cellulose's intriguing mechanical properties in designing high-performance functional materials, where cellulose's structure-mechanics relationships are pivotal. In this progress report, multiscale mechanics understanding of cellulose, including the key role of hydrogen bonding, the dependence of structural interfaces on the spatial hydrogen bond density, the effect of nanofiber size and orientation on the fracture toughness, are discussed along with recent development on enabling experimental design techniques such as structural alteration, manipulation of anisotropy, interface and topology engineering. Progress in these fronts renders cellulose a prospect of being effectuated in an array of emerging sustainable applications and being fabricated into high-performance structural materials that are both strong and tough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upamanyu Ray
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Shuze Zhu
- Center for X-Mechanics, Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Zhenqian Pang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Teng Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
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13
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Shavandi A, Hosseini S, Okoro OV, Nie L, Eghbali Babadi F, Melchels F. 3D Bioprinting of Lignocellulosic Biomaterials. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2001472. [PMID: 33103365 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The interest in bioprinting of sustainable biomaterials is rapidly growing, and lignocellulosic biomaterials have a unique role in this development. Lignocellulosic materials are biocompatible and possess tunable mechanical properties, and therefore promising for use in the field of 3D-printed biomaterials. This review aims to spotlight the recent progress on the application of different lignocellulosic materials (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) from various sources (wood, bacteria, and fungi) in different forms (including nanocrystals and nanofibers in 3D bioprinting). Their crystallinity, leading to water insolubility and the presence of suspended nanostructures, makes these polymers stand out among hydrogel-forming biomaterials. These unique structures give rise to favorable properties such as high ink viscosity and strength and toughness of the final hydrogel, even when used at low concentrations. In this review, the application of lignocellulosic polymers with other components in inks is reported for 3D bioprinting and identified supercritical CO2 as a potential sterilization method for 3D-printed cellulosic materials. This review also focuses on the areas of potential development by highlighting the opportunities and unmet challenges such as the need for standardization of the production, biocompatibility, and biodegradability of the cellulosic materials that underscore the direction of future research into the 3D biofabrication of cellulose-based biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Shavandi
- BioMatter–Biomass Transformation Lab (BTL), École Polytechnique de Bruxelles Université Libre de Bruxelles Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50‐CP 165/61 Brussels 1050 Belgium
| | - Soraya Hosseini
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Chung Cheng University Chiayi 62102 Taiwan
| | - Oseweuba Valentine Okoro
- Department of Process Engineering Stellenbosch University Private Bag X1 Matieland 7602 South Africa
| | - Lei Nie
- College of Life Sciences Xinyang Normal University Xinyang 464000 China
| | - Farahnaz Eghbali Babadi
- Bio‐Circular‐Green‐economy Technology & Engineering Center BCGeTEC Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Phayathai Road Bangkok 10330 Thailand
| | - Ferry Melchels
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering School of Engineering and Physical Sciences Heriot‐Watt University Edinburgh EH14 4AS UK
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14
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Guo R, Liu H, Yang K, Wang S, Sun P, Gao H, Wang B, Chen F. β-Cyclodextrin Polymerized in Cross-Flowing Channels of Biomass Sawdust for Rapid and Highly Efficient Pharmaceutical Pollutants Removal from Water. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:32817-32826. [PMID: 32603085 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c08729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Water pollution arising from pharmaceuticals has raised great concerns about the potential risks for biosphere and human health. However, rapid and efficient removal of pharmaceutical contaminants from water remains challenging. Wood sawdust, a byproduct of the wood-processing industry, is an abundant, cost-effective, and sustainable material with a unique hierarchically porous microstructure. These features make wood sawdust quite interesting as a filtration material. Here, we report a novel cross-flow filtration composite based on β-cyclodextrin-polymer-functionalized wood sawdust (β-CD/WS) in which the pharmaceutical contaminant water flows through the sawn-off vessel channels and the micropores on the surface of the cell walls, generating the turbulence. Such water flow characteristics ensure full contact between pharmaceutical pollutants and β-CD grafted on the cellulose backbone of wood sawdust, thereby enhancing the water treatment efficiency. Consequently, the β-CD/WS filter device shows a high removal efficiency of over 97.5% within 90 s for various pharmaceutical contaminants including propranolol, amitriptyline, chlortetracycline, diclofenac, and levofloxacin, and a high saturation uptake capacity of 170, 156, 257, 159, and 185 mg g-1, respectively. The high-performance wood-sawdust-based cross-flow filtration opens new avenues for solving the global water pollution issues, especially those caused by pharmaceutical contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Gansu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hanwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Gansu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ke Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Gansu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shutao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Gansu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Panpan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Gansu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Gansu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Baodui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Gansu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Fengjuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Gansu, Lanzhou 730000, China
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15
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Zhou X, Zhang W, Zhang C, Tan Y, Guo J, Sun Z, Deng X. Harvesting Electricity from Water Evaporation through Microchannels of Natural Wood. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:11232-11239. [PMID: 32048827 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b23380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
When external pressure drives an electrolyte solution in a capillary tube with a charged inner surface, we obtain a streaming potential/current. This effect is also manifested when water flows through the microchannels of a tree, which is driven by capillary pressure and natural evaporation. Thus, by making use of natural evaporation, we took advantage of the anisotropic three-dimensional wood structures to fabricate nanogenerators drawing electricity from the streaming potential/current. As a result, direct current can be harvested continuously, simply through a piece of wood. A 300 mV open-circuit voltage and a 10 μA short-circuit current (ISC) were recorded from a single device, which surpassed the ISC values of most previous works by an order. By connecting five wood nanogenerators in series, a calculator can be completely functional, as a demonstration for practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Zhou
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Wenluan Zhang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
- School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Chenglin Zhang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Yao Tan
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Junchang Guo
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Zhengnan Sun
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Xu Deng
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
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16
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Liu Y, Shangguan JW, Xu BY, Yu XD, Xu JJ, Chen HY. Abnormal Liquid Chasing Effect in Paper Capillary Enables Versatile Gradient Generation on Microfluidic Paper Analytical Devices. Anal Chem 2020; 92:2722-2730. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jin-Wen Shangguan
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bi-Yi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Xiao-Dong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jing-Juan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hong-Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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17
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Sun H, Bi H, Lin X, Cai L, Xu M. Lightweight, Anisotropic, Compressible, and Thermally-Insulating Wood Aerogels with Aligned Cellulose Fibers. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12010165. [PMID: 31936375 PMCID: PMC7022930 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing demand for lightweight, renewable, and excellent thermal insulation materials has fueled a search for high performance biomass materials with good mechanical compressibility and ultralow thermal conductivity. We propose a fabrication method for making a lightweight, anisotropic, and compressible wood aerogel with aligned cellulose fibers by a simple chemical treatment. The wood aerogel was mainly composed of highly aligned cellulose fibers with a relative crystallinity of 77.1%. The aerogel exhibits a low density of 32.18 mg/cm3 and a high specific surface area of 31.68 m2/g due to the removal of lignin and hemicellulose from the wood. Moreover, the multilayer structure of the aerogel was formed under the restriction of wood rays. Combined with a nanoscale pore, the aerogel presents good compressibility and an ultralow thermal conductivity of 0.033 W/mK. These results show that the wood aerogel is a high quality biomass material with a potential function of thermal insulation through optimizing structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology (Ministry of education), College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Hexing Road 26, Harbin 150040, China; (H.S.); (H.B.); (X.L.)
| | - Hongjie Bi
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology (Ministry of education), College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Hexing Road 26, Harbin 150040, China; (H.S.); (H.B.); (X.L.)
| | - Xin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology (Ministry of education), College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Hexing Road 26, Harbin 150040, China; (H.S.); (H.B.); (X.L.)
| | - Liping Cai
- Mechanical and Energy Engineer Department, University of North Texas, Demon, TX 76201, USA;
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Min Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology (Ministry of education), College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Hexing Road 26, Harbin 150040, China; (H.S.); (H.B.); (X.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-451-8219-1961
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18
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Pimentel ES, Brito-Pereira R, Marques-Almeida T, Ribeiro C, Vaz F, Lanceros-Mendez S, Cardoso VF. Tailoring Electrospun Poly(l-lactic acid) Nanofibers as Substrates for Microfluidic Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:60-69. [PMID: 31808332 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b12461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Novel microfluidic substrates based on electrospun poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) membranes were developed to increase the limited range of commercially available paper substrates, commonly used for the fabrication of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices. PLLA's advantageous properties include biodegradability, biocompatibility, ease of being processed in various tailored morphologies, and cost effectiveness, among others. Oriented and nonoriented electrospun PLLA membranes were fabricated using electrospinning and the influence of fiber orientation, addition of hydrophilic additives, and plasma treatments on the morphology, physicochemical properties, and capillary flow rates were evaluated and compared with the commercial Whatman paper. In addition, a proof-of-concept application based on the colorimetric detection of glucose in printed PLLA and paper-based microfluidic systems was also performed. The results show the potential of PLLA substrates for the fabrication of portable, disposable, eco-friendly, and cost-effective microfluidic systems with controllable properties that can be tailored according to specific biotechnological application requirements, being a suitable alternative to conventional paper-based substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ricardo Brito-Pereira
- CMEMS-UMinho , Universidade do Minho , Campus de Azurém , 4800-058 Guimarães , Portugal
| | | | | | | | - Senentxu Lanceros-Mendez
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures , UPV/EHU Science Park , 48940 Leioa , Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science , 48013 Bilbao , Spain
| | - Vanessa F Cardoso
- CMEMS-UMinho , Universidade do Minho , Campus de Azurém , 4800-058 Guimarães , Portugal
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19
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Hu P, Raub CB, Choy JS, Luo X. Modulating the properties of flow-assembled chitosan membranes in microfluidics with glutaraldehyde crosslinking. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:2519-2529. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02527h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Glutaraldehyde crosslinking significantly enhances the mechanical robustness of the originally compromised flow-assembled chitosan membranes after Pluronic passivation in microfluidics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piao Hu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- The Catholic University of America
- Washington, D.C. 20064
- USA
| | - Christopher B. Raub
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- The Catholic University of America
- Washington, D.C. 20064
- USA
| | - John S. Choy
- Department of Biology
- The Catholic University of America
- Washington, D.C. 20064
- USA
| | - Xiaolong Luo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- The Catholic University of America
- Washington, D.C. 20064
- USA
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20
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Zhang Y, Cai Y, Dong F, Bian L, Li H, Wang J, Du J, Qi X, He Y. Chemically modified mesoporous wood: a versatile sensor for visual colorimetric detection of trinitrotoluene in water, air, and soil by smartphone camera. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:8063-8071. [PMID: 31768592 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-02172-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
There is great interest in detection of the level of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) explosive due to its importance in public security and environmental protection fields. The conventional chemical sensors do not simultaneously realize simple, rapid, sensitive, selective, and direct detection of TNT in different medium without sample pretreatment. Here we present a modified wood-based chemical sensor for visual colorimetric detection of TNT in water, air, and soil. The natural wood undergoes a delignified process, which is further functionalized by 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). When TNT solutions are introduced, the wood-based sensor shows a colorimetric transition from light yellow to brown for naked-eye readout because of the generation of Meisenheimer complex between APTES and TNT. The photographs are collected by smartphone camera, and the RGB components are extracted to calculate the adjusted intensity for qualitative detection of TNT. This visual colorimetric sensor for TNT solution displays a linearity in the range of 0.01-5 mM with a limit of detection of 3 μM. In addition, by taking advantage of its inherent mesostructure, the wood-based sensor can be employed for visual detection of TNT vapor as well. Furthermore, it is also able to directly detect TNT in wet soil samples based on capillary action, in which TNT carried by water transports upward along the wood microchannel, triggering the generation of Meisenheimer complex. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Sichuan Co-Innovation Center for New Energetic Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Yanhua Cai
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials and Remediation Technology, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Faqin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Nonmetal Composites and Functional Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China
| | - Liang Bian
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Nonmetal Composites and Functional Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China
| | - Hua Li
- Materials Characterization & Preparation Center, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jinhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Sichuan Co-Innovation Center for New Energetic Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Jiayan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Sichuan Co-Innovation Center for New Energetic Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Xiufang Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Sichuan Co-Innovation Center for New Energetic Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Yi He
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Sichuan Co-Innovation Center for New Energetic Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
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21
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Jia C, Chen C, Mi R, Li T, Dai J, Yang Z, Pei Y, He S, Bian H, Jang SH, Zhu JY, Yang B, Hu L. Clear Wood toward High-Performance Building Materials. ACS NANO 2019; 13:9993-10001. [PMID: 31502821 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Developing advanced building materials with both excellent thermal insulating and optical properties to replace common glass (thermal conductivity of ∼1 W m-1 K-1) is highly desirable for energy-efficient applications. The recent development of transparent wood suggests a promising building material with many advantages, including high optical transmittance, tunable optical haze, and excellent thermal insulation. However, previous transparent wood materials generally have a high haze (typically greater than 40%), which is a major obstacle for their practical application in the replacement of glass. In this work, we fabricate a clear wood material with an optical transmittance as high as 90% and record-low haze of 10% using a delignification and polymer infiltration method. The significant removal of wood components results in a highly porous microstructure, much thinner wood cell walls, and large voids among the cellulose fibrils, which a polymer can easily enter, leading to the dense structure of the clear wood. The separated cellulose fibrils that result from the removal of the wood components dramatically weaken light scattering in the clear wood, which combined with the highly dense structure produces both high transmittance and extremely low haze. In addition, the clear wood exhibits an excellent thermal insulation property with a low thermal conductivity of 0.35 W m-1 K-1 (one-third of ordinary glass); thus, the application of clear wood can greatly improve the energy efficiency of buildings. The developed clear wood, combining excellent thermal insulating and optical properties, represents an attractive alternative to common glass toward energy-efficient buildings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Jia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland College Park , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Chaoji Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland College Park , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Ruiyu Mi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland College Park , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland College Park , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Jiaqi Dai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland College Park , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Yong Pei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Shuaiming He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland College Park , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Huiyang Bian
- Forest Products Laboratory , USDA Forest Service, Madison , Wisconsin 53726 , United States
| | - Soo-Hwan Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland College Park , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - J Y Zhu
- Forest Products Laboratory , USDA Forest Service, Madison , Wisconsin 53726 , United States
| | - Bao Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Liangbing Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland College Park , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
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22
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Zhou T, Wang JW, Huang M, An R, Tan H, Wei H, Chen ZD, Wang X, Liu X, Wang F, He J. Breathable Nanowood Biofilms as Guiding Layer for Green On-Skin Electronics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1901079. [PMID: 31165570 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201901079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Thin-film electronics are urged to be directly laminated onto human skin for reliable, sensitive biosensing together with feedback transdermal therapy, their self-power supply using the thermoelectric and moisture-induced-electric effects also has gained great attention (skin and on-skin electronics (On-skinE) themselves are energy storehouses). However, "thin-film" On-skinE 1) cannot install "bulky" heatsinks or sweat transport channels, but the output power of thermoelectric generator and moisture-induced-electric generator relies on the temperature difference (∆T ) across generator and the ambient humidity (AH), respectively; 2) lack a routing and accumulation of sweat for biosensing, lack targeted delivery of drugs for precise transdermal therapy; and 3) need insulation between the heat-generating unit and heat-sensitive unit. Here, two breathable nanowood biofilms are demonstrated, which can help insulate between units and guide the heat and sweat to another in-plane direction. The transparent biofilms achieve record-high transport// /transport⊥ (//: along cellulose nanofiber alignment direction, ⊥: perpendicular direction) of heat (925%) and sweat (338%), winning applications emphasizing on ∆T/AH-dependent output power and "reliable" biosensing. The porous biofilms are competent in applications where "sensitive" biosensing (transporting// sweat up to 11.25 mm s-1 at the 1st second), "insulating" between units, and "targeted" delivery of saline-soluble drugs are of uppermost priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianle Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Ministry Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro & Nano Materials and Technology, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
- NTNU Nanomechanical Lab, Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, 7491, Norway
| | - Jin-Wen Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Ming Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro & Nano Materials and Technology, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Rong An
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro & Nano Materials and Technology, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Huaping Tan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro & Nano Materials and Technology, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Hao Wei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Zheng-Dong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Ministry Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Xiaoheng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Ministry Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Feng Wang
- NTNU Nanomechanical Lab, Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, 7491, Norway
| | - Jianying He
- NTNU Nanomechanical Lab, Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, 7491, Norway
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23
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Chen Z, Dang B, Luo X, Li W, Li J, Yu H, Liu S, Li S. Deep Eutectic Solvent-Assisted In Situ Wood Delignification: A Promising Strategy To Enhance the Efficiency of Wood-Based Solar Steam Generation Devices. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:26032-26037. [PMID: 31259513 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b08244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Wood-based solar steam generation devices (W-SSGDs) show great promise for desalination and wastewater treatment because they are inexpensive and sustainable. Technical methods for enhancing the efficiency of W-SSGDs have, so far, mainly focused on the optimization of solar-to-thermal conversion efficiency, whereas the properties of the wood matrix have been ignored. Here, we have designed a strategy using deep eutectic solvents to remove lignin from bulk wood in situ for the fabrication of a high-performance W-SSGD (DW-SSGD). Wood delignification increases the water transportation capacity while reducing thermal conductivity and conductive heat loss in the wood matrix. The improved properties of delignified wood allowed us to construct a high-performance DW-SSGD with a steam generation efficiency of 89% and an evaporation rate as high as 1.3 kg m-2 h-1 at 1 sun (100 mW cm-2). To the best of our knowledge, the performance reported here is the highest for a W-SSGD under one solar irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education , Northeast Forestry University , Hexing Road 26 , Harbin 150040 , P.R. China
| | - Ben Dang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education , Northeast Forestry University , Hexing Road 26 , Harbin 150040 , P.R. China
| | - Xiongfei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education , Northeast Forestry University , Hexing Road 26 , Harbin 150040 , P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education , Northeast Forestry University , Hexing Road 26 , Harbin 150040 , P.R. China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education , Northeast Forestry University , Hexing Road 26 , Harbin 150040 , P.R. China
| | - Haipeng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education , Northeast Forestry University , Hexing Road 26 , Harbin 150040 , P.R. China
| | - Shouxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education , Northeast Forestry University , Hexing Road 26 , Harbin 150040 , P.R. China
| | - Shujun Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education , Northeast Forestry University , Hexing Road 26 , Harbin 150040 , P.R. China
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24
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Porosity and Pore Size Distribution of Native and Delignified Beech Wood Determined by Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12030416. [PMID: 30700052 PMCID: PMC6385036 DOI: 10.3390/ma12030416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The complex hierarchical structures of biological materials in combination with outstanding property profiles are great sources of inspiration for material scientists. Based on these characteristic features, the structure of wood has been increasingly exploited to fabricate novel hierarchical and functional materials. With delignification treatments, the density and chemistry of wood can be altered, resulting in hierarchical cellulose scaffolds with enhanced porosity for the fabrication of novel hybrid materials. In the present study, focusing on acidic delignification of beech wood and its influence on porosity, we report on a structural characterization and qualitative assessment of the cellulose scaffolds using mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). To account for the effect of water removal from the hygroscopic structure, different drying methods-e.g., standard oven and freeze-drying-were applied. While native beech wood is characterized by the presence of macro, meso and micro pores, delignification altered the porosity, increasing the importance of the macropores in the pore size distribution. Furthermore, we showed that the final porosity obtained in the material is strongly dependent on the applied drying process. Samples delignified under harsh conditions at high temperature (mass loss of ~35%) show a 13% higher porosity after freeze-drying compared to oven-dried samples. The obtained results contribute to a better understanding of the impact of the delignification and drying processes on the porosity of cellulose scaffolds, which is of high relevance for subsequent modification and functionalization treatments.
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25
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Jia C, Chen C, Kuang Y, Fu K, Wang Y, Yao Y, Kronthal S, Hitz E, Song J, Xu F, Liu B, Hu L. From Wood to Textiles: Top-Down Assembly of Aligned Cellulose Nanofibers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1801347. [PMID: 29882337 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201801347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Advanced textiles made of macroscopic fibers are usually prepared from synthetic fibers, which have changed lives over the past century. The shortage of petrochemical resources, however, greatly limits the development of the textile industry. Here, a facile top-down approach for fabricating macroscopic wood fibers for textile applications (wood-textile fibers) comprising aligned cellulose nanofibers directly from natural wood via delignification and subsequent twisting is demonstrated. Inherently aligned cellulose nanofibers are well retained, while the microchannels in the delignified wood are squeezed and totally removed by twisting, resulting in a dense structure with approximately two times higher mechanical strength (106.5 vs 54.9 MPa) and ≈20 times higher toughness (7.70 vs 0.36 MJ m-3 ) than natural wood. Dramatically different from natural wood, which is brittle in nature, the resultant wood-textile fibers are highly flexible and bendable, likely due to the twisted structures. The wood-textile fibers also exhibit excellent knitting properties and dyeability, which are critical for textile applications. Furthermore, functional wood-textile fibers can be achieved by preinfiltrating functional materials in the delignified wood film before twisting. This top-down approach of fabricating aligned macrofibers is simple, scalable, and cost-effective, representing a promising direction for the development of smart textiles and wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Jia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Chaoji Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Yudi Kuang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Kun Fu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Yilin Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Yonggang Yao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Spencer Kronthal
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Emily Hitz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Jianwei Song
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Fujun Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Boyang Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Liangbing Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
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