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Chen L, Khan A, Dai S, Bermak A, Li W. Metallic Micro-Nano Network-Based Soft Transparent Electrodes: Materials, Processes, and Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2302858. [PMID: 37890452 PMCID: PMC10724424 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Soft transparent electrodes (TEs) have received tremendous interest from academia and industry due to the rapid development of lightweight, transparent soft electronics. Metallic micro-nano networks (MMNNs) are a class of promising soft TEs that exhibit excellent optical and electrical properties, including low sheet resistance and high optical transmittance, as well as superior mechanical properties such as softness, robustness, and desirable stability. They are genuinely interesting alternatives to conventional conductive metal oxides, which are expensive to fabricate and have limited flexibility on soft surfaces. This review summarizes state-of-the-art research developments in MMNN-based soft TEs in terms of performance specifications, fabrication methods, and application areas. The review describes the implementation of MMNN-based soft TEs in optoelectronics, bioelectronics, tactile sensors, energy storage devices, and other applications. Finally, it presents a perspective on the technical difficulties and potential future possibilities for MMNN-based TE development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Chen
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of Hong KongHong Kong00000China
- Department of Information Technology and Electrical EngineeringETH ZurichZurich8092Switzerland
| | - Arshad Khan
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of Hong KongHong Kong00000China
- Division of Information and Computing TechnologyCollege of Science and EngineeringHamad Bin Khalifa UniversityDoha34110Qatar
| | - Shuqin Dai
- Department School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore639798Singapore
| | - Amine Bermak
- Division of Information and Computing TechnologyCollege of Science and EngineeringHamad Bin Khalifa UniversityDoha34110Qatar
| | - Wen‐Di Li
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of Hong KongHong Kong00000China
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Kumar M, Lim S, Kim J, Seo H. Picoampere Dark Current and Electro-Opto-Coupled Sub-to-Super-linear Response from Mott-Transition Enabled Infrared Photodetector for Near-Sensor Vision Processing. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2210907. [PMID: 36740630 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Light-intensity selective superlinear photodetectors with ultralow dark current can provide an essential breakthrough for the development of high-performing near-sensor vision processing. However, the development of near-sensor vision processing is not only conceptually important for device operation (given that sensors naturally exhibit linear/sublinear responses), but also essential to get rid of the massive amount of data generated during object sensing and classification with noisy inputs. Therefore, achieving the giant superlinear photoresponse while maintaining the picoampere leakage current, irrespective of the measurement bias, is one of the most challenging tasks. Here, Mott material (vanadium dioxide) and silicon-based integrated infrared photodetectors are developed that show giant superlinear photoresponse (exponent >18) and ultralow dark current of 4.46 pA. Specifically, the device demonstrates an electro-opto-coupled insulator-to-metal transition, which leads to outstanding photocurrent on/off ratio (>106 ), a high responsivity (>1 mA W-1 ), and excellent detectivity (>1012 Jones), while maintaining response speed (τr = 6 µs and τf = 10 µs). Further, intensity-selective near-sensor processing is demonstrated and night vision pattern reorganization even with noisy inputs is exhibited. This research will pave the way for the creation of high-performance photodetectors with potential uses, such as in night vision, pattern recognition, and neuromorphic processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Kumar
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokwon Lim
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisu Kim
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungtak Seo
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
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Zhang Y, Wang YC, Wang L, Zhu L, Wang ZL. Highly Sensitive Photoelectric Detection and Imaging Enhanced by the Pyro-Phototronic Effect Based on a Photoinduced Dynamic Schottky Effect in 4H-SiC. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2204363. [PMID: 35817411 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202204363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Silicon carbide (SiC), one of the third-generation semiconductor materials with excellent electrical and optoelectronic properties, is ideal for high light-sensing performance. Here, a self-powered SiC ultraviolet (UV) photodetector (PD) is constructed with wider applicability and higher commercialization potential. The great performance of the PD is realized by a remarkable photoinduced dynamic Schottky effect derived from the symbiotic modulation of Schottky and Ohmic contact. Using the pyro-phototronic effect that exists in the N-doped 4H-SiC single crystal PDs, a fast pyroelectric response time of 0.27 s is achieved, which is almost ten times shorter than that obtained from the steady-state signal under UV illumination. The maximal transient photoresponsivity reaches 9.12 nA mW-1 , which is ≈20% higher than the conventional photoelectric signal. Moreover, different regions of the 4H-SiC centimeter-scale chip output distinct signals under UV illumination, demonstrating efficient optical imaging and information transmission capabilities of this device. This work not only reveals the fundamental optoelectronic physics lying in this vital third-generation semiconductor, but also sheds light on its potential photosensing applications for large-scale commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueming Zhang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Chi Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Longfei Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Laipan Zhu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
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Kumar M, Seo H. High-Performing Self-Powered Photosensing and Reconfigurable Pyro-photoelectric Memory with Ferroelectric Hafnium Oxide. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2106881. [PMID: 34725878 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
With highly diverse multifunctional properties, hafnium oxide (HfO2 ) has attracted considerable attention not only because of its potential to address fundamental questions about material behaviors, but also its potential for applied perspectives like ferroelectric memory, transistors, and pyroelectric sensors. However, effective harvesting of the pyro-photoelectric effect of HfO2 to develop high-performing self-biased photosensors and electric writable and optical readable memory has yet to be developed. Here, a proof-of-concept HfO2 -based self-powered and ultrafast (response time ≈ 60 µs) infrared pyroelectric sensor with a responsivity of up to 68 µA W-1 is developed. In particular, temporal infrared light illumination induced surface heating and, in turn, change in spontaneous polarization are attributed to robust pyro-photocurrent generation. Further, controllable suspension and reestablishment of the self-biased pyro-photocurrent response with a short electric pulse are demonstrated, which offers a conceptually new kind of photoreadable memory. Potentially, the novel approach opens a new avenue for designing on-demand pyro-phototronic response over a desired area and offers the opportunity to utilize it for various applications, including memory storage, neuromorphic vision sensors, classification, and emergency alert systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Kumar
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungtak Seo
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
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Li H, Xu P, Liu D, He J, Zu H, Song J, Zhang J, Tian F, Yun M, Wang F. Low-voltage and fast-response SnO 2nanotubes/perovskite heterostructure photodetector. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:375202. [PMID: 34044373 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac05e7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
One-dimensional metal-oxides (1D-MO) nanostructure has been regarded as one of the most promising candidates for high-performance photodetectors due to their outstanding electronic properties, low-cost and environmental stability. However, the current bottlenecks are high energy consumption and relatively low sensitivity. Here, Schottky junctions between nanotubes (NTs) and FTO were fabricated by electrospinning SnO2NTs on FTO glass substrate, and the bias voltage of SnO2NTs photodetectors was as low as ∼1.76 V, which can effectively reduce energy consumption. Additionally, for improving the response and recovery speed of SnO2NTs photodetectors, the NTs were covered with organic/inorganic hybrid perovskite. SnO2NTs/perovskite heterostructure photodetectors exhibit fast response/recovery speed (∼0.075/0.04 s), and a wide optical response range (∼220-800 nm). At the same time, the bias voltage of heterostructure photodetectors was further reduced to 0.42 V. The outstanding performance is mainly attributed to the formation of type-II heterojunctions between SnO2NTs and perovskite, which can facilitate the separation of photogenerated carriers, as well as Schottky junction between SnO2NTs and FTO, which reduce the bias voltage. All the results indicate that the rational design of 1D-MO/perovskite heterostructure is a facile and efficient way to achieve high-performance photodetectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- College of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Bio Fibers and Eco Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Peilong Xu
- College of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Bio Fibers and Eco Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Liu
- College of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Bio Fibers and Eco Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyu He
- College of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Bio Fibers and Eco Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongliang Zu
- College of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Bio Fibers and Eco Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Song
- College of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Bio Fibers and Eco Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhang
- College of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Bio Fibers and Eco Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenghui Tian
- College of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Bio Fibers and Eco Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Maojin Yun
- College of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Bio Fibers and Eco Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengyun Wang
- College of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Bio Fibers and Eco Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
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Kumar M, Park JY, Seo H. High-Performance and Self-Powered Alternating Current Ultraviolet Photodetector for Digital Communication. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:12241-12249. [PMID: 33683094 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c00698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Self-powered ultraviolet photodetectors offer great potential in the field of optical communication, smart security, space exploration, and others; however, achieving high sensitivity with maintaining fast response speed has remained a daunting challenge. Here, we develop a titanium dioxide-based self-powered ultraviolet photodetector with high detectivity (≈1.8 × 1010 jones) and a good photoresponsivity of 0.32 mA W-1 under pulsed illumination (λ = 365 nm, 4 mW cm-2), which demonstrate an enhancement of 114 and 2017%, respectively, due to the alternating current photovoltaic effect compared to the conventional direct current photovoltaic effect. Further, the photodetector demonstrated a high on/off ratio (≈103), an ultrafast rise/decay time of 112/63 μs, and a noise equivalent power of 5.01 × 10-11 W/Hz1/2 under self-biased conditions. Photoconductive atomic force microscopy revealed the nanoscale charge transport and offered the possibility to scale down the device size to a sub-10-nanometer (∼35 nm). Moreover, as one of the practical applications, the device was successfully utilized to interpret the digital codes. The presented results enlighten a new path to design energy-efficient ultrafast photodetectors not only for the application of optical communication but also for other advanced optoelectronic applications such as digital display, sensing, and others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Kumar
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yong Park
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungtak Seo
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
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7
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Hussain M, Jaffery SHA, Ali A, Nguyen CD, Aftab S, Riaz M, Abbas S, Hussain S, Seo Y, Jung J. NIR self-powered photodetection and gate tunable rectification behavior in 2D GeSe/MoSe 2 heterojunction diode. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3688. [PMID: 33574562 PMCID: PMC7878902 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83187-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) heterostructure with atomically sharp interface holds promise for future electronics and optoelectronics because of their multi-functionalities. Here we demonstrate gate-tunable rectifying behavior and self-powered photovoltaic characteristics of novel p-GeSe/n-MoSe2 van der waal heterojunction (vdW HJ). A substantial increase in rectification behavior was observed when the devices were subjected to gate bias. The highest rectification of ~ 1 × 104 was obtained at Vg = - 40 V. Remarkable rectification behavior of the p-n diode is solely attributed to the sharp interface between metal and GeSe/MoSe2. The device exhibits a high photoresponse towards NIR (850 nm). A high photoresponsivity of 465 mAW-1, an excellent EQE of 670%, a fast rise time of 180 ms, and a decay time of 360 ms were obtained. Furthermore, the diode exhibits detectivity (D) of 7.3 × 109 Jones, the normalized photocurrent to the dark current ratio (NPDR) of 1.9 × 1010 W-1, and the noise equivalent power (NEP) of 1.22 × 10-13 WHz-1/2. The strong light-matter interaction stipulates that the GeSe/MoSe2 diode may open new realms in multi-functional electronics and optoelectronics applications.
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Grants
- 20172010106080 The Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning and the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy of the Republic of Korea
- 20172010106080 The Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning and the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy of the Republic of Korea
- 20172010106080 The Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning and the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy of the Republic of Korea
- 20172010106080 The Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning and the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy of the Republic of Korea
- 20172010106080 The Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning and the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy of the Republic of Korea
- 20172010106080 The Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning and the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy of the Republic of Korea
- 20172010106080 The Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning and the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy of the Republic of Korea
- 20172010106080 The Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning and the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy of the Republic of Korea
- 20172010106080 The Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning and the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy of the Republic of Korea
- This research was supported by the Nano Material Technology Development Program, Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, and the Ministry of science, ICT
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hussain
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, and HMC, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Syed Hassan Abbas Jaffery
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, and HMC, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Asif Ali
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, and HMC, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Cong Dinh Nguyen
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, and HMC, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Sikandar Aftab
- Department of Engineering, Simon Faster University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, and HMC, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Sohail Abbas
- Faculty of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Ripah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Hussain
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, and HMC, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Yongho Seo
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, and HMC, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Jongwan Jung
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, and HMC, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea.
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Zhou H, Song Y. Fabrication of Silver Mesh/Grid and Its Applications in Electronics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:3493-3511. [PMID: 33440929 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c18518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
With the development of flexible electronics, researchers have endeavored to improve the characteristics of the commonly used indium tin oxide such as brittleness, poor mechanical or chemical stability, and scarcity. Currently, many alternative materials have been considered such as conductive polymers, graphene, carbon nanotubes, metallic nanoparticles (NPs), nanowires (NWs), or nanofibers. Among them, silver (Ag) mesh/grid NPs or NWs have been considered as an excellent substitute due to the good transmittance, excellent electrical conductivity, outstanding mechanical robustness, and cost competitiveness. So far, much effort has been devoted to the fabrication of Ag mesh/grid, and many methods such as printing technology, self-assembly, electrospun, hot-pressing, and atomic layer deposition have been reported. Here printing technologies include jet printing, gravure printing, screen printing, nanoimprint lithography, microcontact printing, and flexographic printing. The solution-based self-assembly usually combines with coating, template, or mask assistance. This review summarizes the characteristics of these fabrication methods for the Ag mesh/grid with its related applications in electronics. Then the prospect and challenges of the fabrication methods are discussed, and the new preparation approaches and applications of the Ag mesh/grid are highlighted, which will be of significance for the applications in electronics such as transparent conducting electrodes, organic light-emitting diode, energy harvester, strain sensor, cells, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yanlin Song
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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Kumar M, Lim J, Kim S, Seo H. Environment-Adaptable Photonic-Electronic-Coupled Neuromorphic Angular Visual System. ACS NANO 2020; 14:14108-14117. [PMID: 32985189 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c06874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Environment-adaptable photonic-electronic-coupled devices can help overcome major challenges related to the extraction of highly specific angular information, such as human visual perception. However, a true implementation of such a device has rarely been investigated thus far. Herein, we provide an approach and demonstrate a proof-of-concept solid-state semiconductor-based highly transparent, optical-electrical-coupled, self-adaptive angular visual perception system that can fulfill the versatile criteria of the human vision system. Specifically, all of the primitive functions of visual perception, such as broad angular sensing, processing, and manifold memory storage, are demonstrated and comodulated using optical and electric pulses. This development represents an essential step forward in the fabrication of an environment-adaptable artificial angular perception framework with deep implications in the fields of optoelectronics, artificial eyes, and memory storage applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Kumar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeseong Lim
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwan Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungtak Seo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
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Hussain M, Aftab S, Jaffery SHA, Ali A, Hussain S, Cong DN, Akhtar R, Seo Y, Eom J, Gautam P, Noh H, Jung J. Asymmetric electrode incorporated 2D GeSe for self-biased and efficient photodetection. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9374. [PMID: 32523025 PMCID: PMC7286883 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66263-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
2D layered germanium selenide (GeSe) with p-type conductivity is incorporated with asymmetric contact electrode of chromium/Gold (Cr/Au) and Palladium/Gold (Pd/Au) to design a self-biased, high speed and an efficient photodetector. The photoresponse under photovoltaic effect is investigated for the wavelengths of light (i.e. ~220, ~530 and ~850 nm). The device exhibited promising figures of merit required for efficient photodetection, specifically the Schottky barrier diode is highly sensitive to NIR light irradiation at zero voltage with good reproducibility, which is promising for the emergency application of fire detection and night vision. The high responsivity, detectivity, normalized photocurrent to dark current ratio (NPDR), noise equivalent power (NEP) and response time for illumination of light (~850 nm) are calculated to be 280 mA/W, 4.1 × 109 Jones, 3 × 107 W−1, 9.1 × 10−12 WHz−1/2 and 69 ms respectively. The obtained results suggested that p-GeSe is a novel candidate for SBD optoelectronics-based technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hussain
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, and HMC, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Sikandar Aftab
- Department of Physics & Astronomy and Graphene Research Institute-Texas Photonics Center International Research Center (GRI-TPC IRC), Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Korea
| | - Syed Hassan Abbas Jaffery
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, and HMC, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Asif Ali
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, and HMC, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Sajjad Hussain
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, and HMC, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Dinh Nguyen Cong
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, and HMC, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Raheel Akhtar
- Department of Electrical Engineering University of Lahore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Yongho Seo
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, and HMC, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Jonghwa Eom
- Department of Physics & Astronomy and Graphene Research Institute-Texas Photonics Center International Research Center (GRI-TPC IRC), Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Korea
| | - Praveen Gautam
- Department of Physics & Astronomy and Graphene Research Institute-Texas Photonics Center International Research Center (GRI-TPC IRC), Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Korea
| | - Hwayong Noh
- Department of Physics & Astronomy and Graphene Research Institute-Texas Photonics Center International Research Center (GRI-TPC IRC), Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Korea
| | - Jongwan Jung
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, and HMC, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea.
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Yin W, Yang J, Zhao K, Cui A, Zhou J, Tian W, Li W, Hu Z, Chu J. High Responsivity and External Quantum Efficiency Photodetectors Based on Solution-Processed Ni-Doped CuO Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:11797-11805. [PMID: 32067447 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b18663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Photodetectors based on p-type metal oxides are still a challenge for optoelectronic device applications. Many effects have been paid to improve their performance and expand their detection range. Here, high-quality Cu1-xNixO (x = 0, 0.2, and 0.4) film photodetectors were prepared by a solution process. The crystal quality, morphology, and grain size of Cu1-xNixO films can be modulated by Ni doping. Among the photodetectors, the Cu0.8Ni0.2O photodetector shows the maximum photocurrent value (6 × 10-7 A) under a 635 nm laser illumination. High responsivity (26.46 A/W) and external quantum efficiency (5176%) are also achieved for the Cu0.8Ni0.2O photodetector. This is because the Cu0.8Ni0.2O photosensitive layer exhibits high photoconductivity, low surface states, and high crystallization after 20% Ni doping. Compared to the other photodetectors, the Cu0.8Ni0.2O photodetector exhibits the optimal response in the near-infrared region, owing to the high absorption coefficient. These findings provide a route to fabricate high-performance and wide-detection range p-type metal oxide photodetectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlei Yin
- Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (MOE), Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jiayan Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (MOE), Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Keyang Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (MOE), Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Anyang Cui
- Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (MOE), Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jiaoyan Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (MOE), Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Wei Tian
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Wenwu Li
- Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (MOE), Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Electronics and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhigao Hu
- Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (MOE), Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Electronics and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Junhao Chu
- Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (MOE), Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Electronics and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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12
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Chen YJ, Li MH, Liu JY, Chong CW, Huang JCA, Chen P. Double-side operable perovskite photodetector using Cu/Cu 2O as a hole transport layer. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:24900-24913. [PMID: 31510371 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.024900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a perovskite is integrated with an ultra-thin Cu/Cu2O (CCO) composite film, a transparent material with high mobility, to achieve a double-side and low-voltage operable photodetector. Compared to photodetectors that utilize metal electrode with perovskite, the use of CCO significantly enhances the photocurrent (from nA up to mA). It acts as a large-scale hole transport layer. The photodetector exhibits high responsivities of 6.79 AW-1 [illuminated via the fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) side] and 10.23 AW-1 (illuminated via CCO side). The detectivities obtained at both illuminated sides are as high as over 1011 Jones. Additionally, the Cu/Cu2O-covered perovskite effectively prevents the reaction of perovskite in the interface. This work reveals that the perovskite/CCO heterojunction photodetector can be considered a promising candidate for applications in bifacial-illuminated and flexible/wearable optoelectronic technologies.
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13
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Kumar M, Som T, Kim J. A Transparent Photonic Artificial Visual Cortex. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1903095. [PMID: 31410882 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201903095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mimicking brain-like functionality with an electronic device is an essential step toward the design of future technologies including artificial visual and memory applications. Here, a proof-of-concept all-oxide-based (NiO/TiO2 ) highly transparent (54%) heterostructure is proposed and demonstrated, which mimics the primitive functions of the visual cortex. Specifically, orientation selectivity and spatiotemporal processing similar to that of the visual cortex are demonstrated using direct optical stimuli under the self-biased condition due to photovoltaic effect, illustrating an energy-efficient approach for neuromorphic computing. The photocurrent of the device can be modulated from zero to 80 µA by simply rotating the slit by 90°. The device shows fast rise and fall times of 3 and 6 ms, respectively. Based on Kelvin probe force measurements, the observed results are attributed to a lateral photovoltaic effect. This highly transparent, self-biased, photonic triggered device paves the way for the advancement of energy-efficient neuromorphic computation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Kumar
- Photoelectric and Energy Device Application Lab (PEDAL), Multidisciplinary Core Institute for Future Energies (MCIFE) and Department of Electrical Engineering, Incheon National University, 119 Academy Rd. Yeonsu, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Tapobrata Som
- SUNAG Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar, 751 005, Odisha, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400 085, India
| | - Joondong Kim
- Photoelectric and Energy Device Application Lab (PEDAL), Multidisciplinary Core Institute for Future Energies (MCIFE) and Department of Electrical Engineering, Incheon National University, 119 Academy Rd. Yeonsu, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
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14
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Li S, Chen X, Liu F, Chen Y, Liu B, Deng W, An B, Chu F, Zhang G, Li S, Li X, Zhang Y. Enhanced Performance of a CVD MoS 2 Photodetector by Chemical in Situ n-Type Doping. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:11636-11644. [PMID: 30838848 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b00856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are a category of promising two-dimensional (2D) materials for the optoelectronic devices, and their unique characteristics include tunable band gap, nondangling bonds as well as compatibility to large-scale fabrication, for instance, chemical vapor deposition (CVD). MoS2 is one of the first TMDs that is well studied in the photodetection area widely. However, the low photoresponse restricts its applications in photodetectors unless the device is applied with ultrahigh source-drain voltage ( VDS) and gate voltage ( VGS). In this work, the photoresponse of a MoS2 photodetector was improved by a chemical in situ doping method using gold chloride hydrate. The responsivity and specific detectivity were increased to 99.9 A/W and 9.4 × 1012 Jones under low VDS (0.1 V) and VGS (0 V), which are 14.6 times and 4.8 times higher than those of a pristine photodetector, respectively. The photoresponse enhancement results from chlorine n-type doping in CVD MoS2 which reduces the trapping of photoinduced electrons and promotes the photogating effect. This novel doping strategy leads to great applications of high-performance MoS2 photodetectors potentially and opens a new avenue to enhance photoresponse for other 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songyu Li
- School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering , Beihang University , Beijing 100191 , China
| | | | - Famin Liu
- School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering , Beihang University , Beijing 100191 , China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xuhong Li
- School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering , Beihang University , Beijing 100191 , China
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15
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Abbas S, Kumar M, Kim DW, Kim J. Translucent Photodetector with Blended Nanowires-Metal Oxide Transparent Selective Electrode Utilizing Photovoltaic and Pyro-Phototronic Coupling Effect. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1804346. [PMID: 30721568 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201804346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ZnO is a potential candidate for photodetection utilizing the pyroelectric effect. Here, a self-biased and translucent photodetector with the configuration of Cu4 O3 /ZnO/FTO/Glass is designed and fabricated. In addition, the pyroelectric effect is effectively harvested using indium tin oxide (ITO), silver nanowires (AgNWs), and a blend of AgNWs-coated ITO as the transparent selective contact electrode. The improved rise times are observed from 1400 µs (bare condition; without the selective electrode) to 69, 60, 7 µs, and fall times from 720 µs (bare condition) to 80, 70, 10 µs for corresponding ITO, AgNWs, and AgNWs-coated ITO contact electrodes, respectively. Similarly, the responsivity and detectivity are enhanced by about 4.39 × 107 and 5.27 × 105 %, respectively. An energy band diagram is proposed to explain the underlying working mechanism based on the workfunction of the ITO (4.7 eV) and AgNWs (4.57 eV) as measured by Kelvin probe force microscopy, which confirms the formation of type-II band alignment resulting in the efficient transport of photogenerated charge carriers. The functional use of the transparent selective contact electrode can effectively harness the pyro-phototronic effect for next-generation transparent and flexible optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohail Abbas
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Incheon National University, 119 Academy Rd. Yeonsu, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
- Photoelectric and Energy Device Application Lab (PEDAL), Multidisciplinary Core Institute for Future Energies (MCIFE), Incheon National University, 119 Academy Rd. Yeonsu, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohit Kumar
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Incheon National University, 119 Academy Rd. Yeonsu, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
- Photoelectric and Energy Device Application Lab (PEDAL), Multidisciplinary Core Institute for Future Energies (MCIFE), Incheon National University, 119 Academy Rd. Yeonsu, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wook Kim
- Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Joondong Kim
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Incheon National University, 119 Academy Rd. Yeonsu, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
- Photoelectric and Energy Device Application Lab (PEDAL), Multidisciplinary Core Institute for Future Energies (MCIFE), Incheon National University, 119 Academy Rd. Yeonsu, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
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16
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Dhar S, Chakraborty P, Majumder T, Mondal SP. Acid-Treated PEDOT:PSS Polymer and TiO 2 Nanorod Schottky Junction Ultraviolet Photodetectors with Ultrahigh External Quantum Efficiency, Detectivity, and Responsivity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:41618-41626. [PMID: 30406645 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b12643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Vertically aligned TiO2 nanorods (NRs) were synthesized on a fluorine-doped tin oxide-deposited glass substrate by the hydrothermal method. A Schottky junction ultraviolet photodetector was fabricated by spin-coating of the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) polymer on TiO2 NRs. For the improvement of device performance, the electrical conductivity of the polymer was increased by adding dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and concentrated H2SO4 acid. The diode parameters, i.e., work function, series resistance, and ideality factor, were studied for all devices. Photoresponse behavior of the TiO2 nanorod/PEDOT:PSS junction was studied upon illumination of white light of intensity 80 mW/cm2. Our acid-treated sample demonstrated the highest photocurrent value, which is 10 times larger than that of DMSO-treated and 39 times larger than that of the untreated sample. Our acid-treated device showed superior external quantum efficiency (∼12 560%), responsivity (∼34.43 A/W), and detectivity (∼1.6 × 1011 Hz1/2/W) at ∼340 nm wavelength under -1 V bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurab Dhar
- Department of Physics , National Institute of Technology , Agartala 799046 , India
| | - Pinak Chakraborty
- Department of Physics , National Institute of Technology , Agartala 799046 , India
| | - Tanmoy Majumder
- Department of Physics , National Institute of Technology , Agartala 799046 , India
| | - Suvra Prakash Mondal
- Department of Physics , National Institute of Technology , Agartala 799046 , India
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17
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Guo G, Jiang N, Liu F, Bian Y. Storage stability of organophosphorus pesticide residues in peanut and soya bean extracted solutions. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:180757. [PMID: 30109115 PMCID: PMC6083714 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.180757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study was performed to determine the storage stability of organophosphorus pesticide residues in high oil content commodity matrices, peanut and soya bean. The storage conditions included different types of solvents (ethyl acetate, acetone and hexane) and corresponding extracted matrix solutions, light and temperature. It was found that three pesticides degraded quickly especially in ethyl acetate solvent. They decreased greater than 30% when stored for 3 days at -20°C in ethyl acetate; the results showed that the stability could be improved in the extracted matrix solutions. Light had a slight effect for stability of phorate and fenthion, while it played an important effect for disulfoton with the exception of ethyl acetate as solvent. Even at -20°C, exposure to solvents or extracted matrix solution resulted in 40.67, 96.33 and 35.07% loss of phorate, disulfoton and fenthion. Hence, it could be assumed that these three residues could be more stable at lower temperature, in the dark and in acetone or hexane extracted peanut and soya bean solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fengmao Liu
- Author for correspondence: Fengmao Liu e-mail:
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