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Zhou L, Li K, Chang Y, Yao Y, Peng Y, Li M, He R. High-efficiency color-tunable ultralong room-temperature phosphorescence from organic-inorganic metal halides via synergistic inter/intramolecular interactions. Chem Sci 2024; 15:10046-10055. [PMID: 38966385 PMCID: PMC11220578 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01630k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Materials exhibiting highly efficient, ultralong and multicolor-tunable room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) are of practical importance for emerging applications. However, these are still very scarce and remain a formidable challenge. Herein, using precise structure design, several novel organic-inorganic metal-halide hybrids with efficient and ultralong RTP have been developed based on an identical organic cation (A). The original organic salt (ACl) exhibits red RTP properties with low phosphorescence efficiency. However, after embedding metals into the organic salt, the changed crystal structure endows the resultant metal-halide hybrids with excellent RTP properties. In particular, A2ZnCl4·H2O exhibits the highest RTP efficiency of up to 56.56% with a long lifetime of up to 159 ms. It is found that multiple inter/intramolecular interactions and the strong heavy-atom effect of the rigid metal-halide hybrids can suppress molecular motion and promote the ISC process, resulting in highly stable and localized triplet excitons followed by highly efficient RTP. More crucially, multicolor-tunable fluorescence and RTP achieved by tuning the metal and halogen endow these materials with wide application prospects in the fields of multilevel information encryption and dynamic optical data storage. The findings promote the development of phosphorescent metal-halide hybrids for potential high-tech applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Kailei Li
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Yuanyuan Chang
- Institute of Materials Science and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 China
| | - Yuan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Yuqi Peng
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Rongxing He
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China
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2
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Singh M, Shen K, Ye W, Gao Y, Lv A, Liu K, Ma H, Meng Z, Shi H, An Z. Achieving High-Temperature Phosphorescence by Organic Cocrystal Engineering. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319694. [PMID: 38314961 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Organic phosphors offer a promising alternative in optoelectronics, but their temperature-sensitive feature has restricted their applications in high-temperature scenarios, and the attainment of high-temperature phosphorescence (HTP) is still challenging. Herein, a series of organic cocrystal phosphors are constructed by supramolecular assembly with an ultralong emission lifetime of up to 2.16 s. Intriguingly, remarkable stabilization of triplet excitons can also be realized at elevated temperature, and green phosphorescence is still exhibited in solid state even up to 150 °C. From special molecular packing within the crystal lattice, it has been observed that the orientation of isolated water cluster and well-controlled molecular organization via multiple interactions can favor the structural rigidity of cocrystals more effectively to suppress the nonradiative transition, thus resulting in efficient room-temperature phosphorescence and unprecedented survival of HTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjeet Singh
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Kang Shen
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Wenpeng Ye
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Yanhua Gao
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Anqi Lv
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Kun Liu
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Huili Ma
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Zhengong Meng
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Huifang Shi
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Zhongfu An
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, China
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3
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Liao Q, Li A, Huang A, Wang J, Chang K, Li H, Yao P, Zhong C, Xie P, Wang J, Li Z, Li Q. Controllable π-π coupling of intramolecular dimer models in aggregated states. Chem Sci 2024; 15:4364-4373. [PMID: 38516094 PMCID: PMC10952094 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05533g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
π-π coupling as a common interaction plays a key role in emissions, transport and mechanical properties of organic materials. However, the precise control of π-π coupling is still challenging owing to the possible interference from other intermolecular interactions in the aggregated state, usually resulting in uncontrollable emission properties. Herein, with the rational construction of intramolecular dimer models and crystal engineering, π-π coupling can be subtly modulated by conformation variation with balanced π-π and π-solvent interactions and visualized by green-to-blue emission switching. Moreover, it can rapidly respond to temperature, pressure and mechanical force, affording a facile way to modulate π-π coupling in situ. This work contributes to a deeper understanding of the internal mechanism of molecular motions in aggregated states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyan Liao
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Aisen Li
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University Fuzhou 350207 China
| | - Arui Huang
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Jiaqiang Wang
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Kai Chang
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Hehua Li
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Pengfei Yao
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Cheng Zhong
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Peidong Xie
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Jinfeng Wang
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Zhen Li
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
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4
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Huang Y, Ning L, Zhang X, Zhou Q, Gong Q, Zhang Q. Stimuli-fluorochromic smart organic materials. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:1090-1166. [PMID: 38193263 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00976e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Smart materials based on stimuli-fluorochromic π-conjugated solids (SFCSs) have aroused significant interest due to their versatile and exciting properties, leading to advanced applications. In this review, we highlight the recent developments in SFCS-based smart materials, expanding beyond organometallic compounds and light-responsive organic luminescent materials, with a discussion on the design strategies, exciting properties and stimuli-fluorochromic mechanisms along with their potential applications in the exciting fields of encryption, sensors, data storage, display, green printing, etc. The review comprehensively covers single-component and multi-component SFCSs as well as their stimuli-fluorochromic behaviors under external stimuli. We also provide insights into current achievements, limitations, and major challenges as well as future opportunities, aiming to inspire further investigation in this field in the near future. We expect this review to inspire more innovative research on SFCSs and their advanced applications so as to promote further development of smart materials and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinjuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Lijian Ning
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Qian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Qiuyu Gong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Qichun Zhang
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry & Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.
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5
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Wang H, Zhang Y, Zhou C, Wang X, Ma H, Yin J, Shi H, An Z, Huang W. Photoactivated organic phosphorescence by stereo-hindrance engineering for mimicking synaptic plasticity. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:90. [PMID: 37037811 PMCID: PMC10086021 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01132-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Purely organic phosphorescent materials with dynamically tunable optical properties and persistent luminescent characteristics enable more novel applications in intelligent optoelectronics. Herein, we reported a concise and universal strategy to achieve photoactivated ultralong phosphorescence at room temperature through stereo-hindrance engineering. Such dynamically photoactivated phosphorescence behavior was ascribed to the suppression of non-radiative transitions and improvement of spin-orbit coupling (SOC) as the variation of the distorted molecular conformation by the synergistic effect of electrostatic repulsion and steric hindrance. This "trainable" phosphorescent behavior was first proposed to mimic biological synaptic plasticity, especially for unique experience-dependent plasticity, by the manipulation of pulse intensity and numbers. This study not only outlines a principle to design newly dynamic phosphorescent materials, but also broadens their utility in intelligent sensors and robotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Chifeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Huili Ma
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huifang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Zhongfu An
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China.
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China.
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), MIIT Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China.
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6
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Liu H, Ren DD, Zhu XL, Wu YP, Fu HR. Coordination-driven stacking of carbazole-based molecule for dynamic long-lived room temperature phosphorescence. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2023.123983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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7
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Lei Y, Dai W, Li G, Zhang Y, Huang X, Cai Z, Dong Y. Stimulus-Responsive Organic Phosphorescence Materials Based on Small Molecular Host-Guest Doped Systems. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:1794-1807. [PMID: 36763033 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Small molecular host-guest doped materials exhibit superiority toward high-efficiency room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials due to their structural design diversity and ease of preparation. Dynamic RTP materials display excellent characteristics, such as good reversibility, quick response, and tunable luminescence ability, making them applicable to various cutting-edge technologies. Herein, we summarize the advances in host-guest doped dynamic RTP materials that respond to external and internal stimuli and present some insights into the molecular design strategies and underlying mechanisms. Subsequently, specific viewpoints are described regarding this promising field for the development of dynamic RTP materials. This Perspective is highly beneficial for future intelligent applications of dynamic RTP systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiang Lei
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Wenbo Dai
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 10081, China
| | - Gengchen Li
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 10081, China
| | - Yongfeng Zhang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 10081, China
| | - Xiaobo Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zhengxu Cai
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 10081, China
| | - Yuping Dong
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 10081, China
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8
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Mondal A, Mukhopadhyay S, Banerjee S, Ahmmed E, Hansda S, Chattopadhyay P. Combined Experimental and Theoretical Studies on the Rubbing-Induced Fluorescence Behavior of a Luminophore in the Solid State. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:373-379. [PMID: 36643439 PMCID: PMC9835653 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
It is intricate to break and make chemical bonds in solid states compared to their solution states, so it is imperative to ascertain green proficient approaches by regulating the solid-state structures and their related material properties. Here, the rubbing-induced photoluminescence behavior of a luminophore (RIL) of the benzimidazole family in the solid state has been accomplished. Interestingly, upon gentle rubbing or mere scratching, solid-state fluorescence from the nonemissive pristine RIL was observed due to the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) phenomenon in the solid state, for which the phenolic moiety is present in the molecule and is accountable. The structure-property relationship of RIL and the mechanism responsible for this solid-state fluorescence characteristics have been explained with the help of experimental (using the single-crystal structure, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, etc.) and theoretical (by DFT and TDDFT) studies. The crystal arrangements with different stacking interactions and the SEM images after being rubbed revealed that the mechanical force- or pressure-induced slight deformation in the crystal arrangement notably facilitated the strong emission in the solid state. This rubbing-induced solid-state fluorescence in a new luminophore (RIL) through stacking of layers restricting the molecular motion has been developed here for the first time, and it can be explicitly employed in steganography techniques for data security. This present study will open up a new insight into the use of this RIL as a solid-state smart material for data security in coding devices in the future, and this developed approach may be helpful to ameliorate the design of new-generation smart materials by modifying the structure to attain other characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asit Mondal
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan 713104, India
| | - Sujay Mukhopadhyay
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan 713104, India
| | - Snehasis Banerjee
- Government
College of Engineering and Leather Technology, Salt Lake Sector-III, Kolkata 700098, India
| | - Ejaj Ahmmed
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan 713104, India
| | - Samaresh Hansda
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan 713104, India
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9
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Gu J, Li Z, Li Q. From single molecule to molecular aggregation science. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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10
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Karimi S, Shahroosvand H, Yaghoobi Nia N, Di Carlo A, Nazeeruddin MK. Versatile Electroluminescence Color-Tuning Strategy of an Efficient Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cell (LEC) by an Ionic Additive. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:20734-20742. [PMID: 36515661 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The color-tuning strategies of solid-state light-emitting devices (ss-LEDs) are mainly focused on engineering molecular structures. In this paper, for the first time, we developed a facile strategy for tuning the electroluminescence (EL) color from orange to green through the addition of the ionic additive TBAP (tetrabutylammonium perchlorate). To achieve the active ionic emissive compound for use in a light-emitting electrochemical cell (LEC), the neutral biscyclometalated bromo tetrazole iridium(III) [Ir(ppy)2(BrTz)] was exchanged to its cationic complex, [Ir(ppy)2(BrTz-Me)]ClO4 (ppy = 2-phenyl pyridine, BrTz = 4-bromo-2-pyridine tetrazole, BrTz-Me = 4-bromo-2-pyridine methyl tetrazole) with a new synthetic strategy. This method allows employing neutral Ir-cyclometalated complexes, which are ruled out for use in LECs because of their non-ionic behaviors. In the following, an LEC based on the new cationic [Ir(ppy)2(BrTz-Me)]ClO4 as the emissive layer was fabricated between the FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide) anode and Ga:In alloy cathode without using any additive or polymers, which makes this configuration the simplest ss-LED so far. By adding the ionic additives, the electroluminescence characteristics of [Ir(ppy)2(BrTz-Me)]ClO4 were dramatically increased, including luminance (L) from 162.8 cd/m2 for the device with an additive to 212.9 and 355.9 cd/m2 for devices containing LiTFSI (bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonamide lithium salt) and TBAP, respectively. In particular, when TBAP was added to the [Ir(ppy)2(BrTz-Me)]ClO4 complex, the irradiance was significantly increased from 166.4 to 220.8 μW/cm2 with an efficacy of 1.78 cd/A and external quantum efficiency (EQE) value of 2.14%. The obtained EL results clearly showed that adding TBAP and LiTFSI significantly improved the electroluminescence characteristics and tuned the electroluminescence color.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Karimi
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Advanced Functional Materials (GMA), Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45371-38111 Iran
| | - Hashem Shahroosvand
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Advanced Functional Materials (GMA), Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45371-38111 Iran
| | - Narges Yaghoobi Nia
- CHOSE-Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", via del Politecnico 1, Rome 00133, Italy.,Istituto di Struttura della Materia (ISM-CNR), via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Aldo Di Carlo
- CHOSE-Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", via del Politecnico 1, Rome 00133, Italy.,Istituto di Struttura della Materia (ISM-CNR), via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, CH-1951 Sion, Switzerland
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11
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Organic persistent luminescence imaging for biomedical applications. Mater Today Bio 2022; 17:100481. [PMID: 36388456 PMCID: PMC9647223 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent luminescence is a unique visual phenomenon that occurs after cessation of excitation light irradiation or following oxidization of luminescent molecules. The energy stored within the molecule is released in a delayed manner, resulting in luminescence that can be maintained for seconds, minutes, hours, or even days. Organic persistent luminescence materials (OPLMs) are highly robust and their facile modification and assembly into biocompatible nanostructures makes them attractive tools for in vivo bioimaging, whilst offering an alternative to conventional fluorescence imaging materials for biomedical applications. In this review, we give attention to the existing limitations of each class of OPLM-based molecular bioimaging probes based on their luminescence mechanisms, and how recent research progress has driven efforts to circumvent their shortcomings. We discuss the multifunctionality-focused design strategies, and the broad biological application prospects of these molecular probes. Furthermore, we provide insights into the next generation of OPLMs being developed for bioimaging techniques.
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12
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Liu S, Gao Y, Zhang K, Liu S, Lan H, Lin L, Wang CK, Fan J, Song Y. The mechanism of intramolecular halogen bonding enhanced the quantum efficiency of ultralong organic phosphorescence in the aggregated state. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:22905-22917. [PMID: 36124903 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02847f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ultralong organic phosphorescence (UOP) has broad application prospects in many fields, but realizing its high quantum efficiency is still full of challenges. One of the main reasons is that the internal luminescence mechanism is unclear and theoretical investigations to reveal the inner structure-property relationship are highly desired. Herein, the internal mechanism of halogen bonding enhancing the quantum efficiency of UOP is studied through the combination of quantum mechanics and molecular mechanics methods coupled with the thermal vibration correlation function (TVCF) method. Geometric and electronic data are obtained by density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations. Transition properties, energy gaps, intermolecular interactions, excited state dynamics as well as Huang-Rhys factors and reorganization energies are analyzed in detail. The results show that the high phosphorescence quantum efficiency benefits from the fast intersystem crossing (ISC) process and the slow non-radiative decay process. The halogen bonding, which cooperates with the effects of aromatic carbonyl and heavy atoms, not only accelerates the ISC rate by increasing the spin-orbit coupling effect, but also restricts the molecular motion and reduces the non-radiative energy consumption. Furthermore, through wise molecular design, an efficient UOP molecule with fast ISC and slow non-radiative decay rates is proposed. This work provides an insight into realizing efficient UOP emission via intramolecular halogen bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songsong Liu
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, Institute of Materials and Clean Energy, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, 250014 Jinan, China.
| | - Yang Gao
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, Institute of Materials and Clean Energy, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, 250014 Jinan, China.
| | - Kai Zhang
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, Institute of Materials and Clean Energy, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, 250014 Jinan, China.
| | - Shulei Liu
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, Institute of Materials and Clean Energy, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, 250014 Jinan, China.
| | - Hao Lan
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, Institute of Materials and Clean Energy, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, 250014 Jinan, China.
| | - Lili Lin
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, Institute of Materials and Clean Energy, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, 250014 Jinan, China.
| | - Chuan-Kui Wang
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, Institute of Materials and Clean Energy, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, 250014 Jinan, China.
| | - Jianzhong Fan
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, Institute of Materials and Clean Energy, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, 250014 Jinan, China.
| | - Yuzhi Song
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, Institute of Materials and Clean Energy, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, 250014 Jinan, China.
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13
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Dong Y, Han Y, Chen R, Lin Y, Cui BB. Recent progress of triplet state emission in organic-inorganic hybrid metal halides. JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE 2022; 249:119013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jlumin.2022.119013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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14
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Huang A, Li Q, Li Z. Molecular Uniting Set Identified Characteristic (
MUSIC
) of Organic Optoelectronic Materials. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arui Huang
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto‐Electronic Materials, Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto‐Electronic Materials, Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Zhen Li
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto‐Electronic Materials, Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
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15
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Zhang S, Li P, Li H. Time‐ and Excitation Wavelength‐ Dependent Afterglow Supramolecular Assembly for Multi‐Modal Anti‐Counterfeiting Application. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shenjie Zhang
- Department: School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Institution: Hebei University of Technology Address: GuangRong Dao 8, Hongqiao District Tianjin 300130 P. R. China
| | - Peng Li
- Department: School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Institution: Hebei University of Technology Address: GuangRong Dao 8, Hongqiao District Tianjin 300130 P. R. China
| | - Huanrong Li
- Department: School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Institution: Hebei University of Technology Address: GuangRong Dao 8, Hongqiao District Tianjin 300130 P. R. China
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16
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Li F, Wang M, Liu S, Zhao Q. Halide-containing organic persistent luminescent materials for environmental sensing applications. Chem Sci 2022; 13:2184-2201. [PMID: 35310490 PMCID: PMC8864697 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06586f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Great progress has been made in the development of various organic persistent luminescent (OPL) materials in the past few years, and increasing attention has been paid to their interesting applications in environmental sensing due to their long emission lifetimes and high sensitivity. Especially, the introduction of different halogen elements facilitates highly efficient OPL emission with distinct lifetimes and colours. In this review, we summarize the current status of the halide-containing OPL materials for environmental sensing applications. To begin with, the photophysical processes and luminescence mechanisms of OPL materials are expounded in detail to better understand the relationship among molecular structures, OPL properties, and sensing applications. Then, representative halide-containing material systems, such as small molecules, polymers, and doping systems, are summarized with their interesting applications in sensing temperature, oxygen, H2O, UV light and organic solvents. In addition, several challenges and future research opportunities in this field are discussed. This review aims to provide some reasonable guidance on the material design of OPL sensors and their practical applications, and tries to provide a new perspective on the application direction of organic optoelectronics. This review presents a summary of the molecular design of halide-containing organic persistent luminescent materials, and their environmental sensing applications.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT) 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu China
| | - Mengzhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT) 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu China
| | - Shujuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT) 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT) 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu China .,College of Electronic and Optical Engineering, College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Fabrication and Application of Special Optical Fiber Materials and Devices, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT) 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu China
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17
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Wu YL, Hou GL, Cui HX, Chen L, Zhou HD, Chen JM. Development and mechanism of a fluorescent probe for a Mn( ii) ionic complex capable of recognizing chloroform vapor molecules. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj04869h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The monoclinic [PPh3(Me)]2[MnBr4] complex readily develops ion-dipole interactions with chloroform vapor molecules, causing reversible structural transitions and fluorescence changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Li Wu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guo-Liang Hou
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hai-Xia Cui
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hui-Di Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jian-Min Chen
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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18
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Heavy main group element containing organometallic phosphorescent materials. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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19
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Gao H, Gao Z, Jiao D, Zhang J, Li X, Tang Q, Shi Y, Ding D. Boosting Room Temperature Phosphorescence Performance by Alkyl Modification for Intravital Orthotopic Lung Tumor Imaging. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2005449. [PMID: 33599120 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202005449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pure organic persistent room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials have attracted wide attention owing to their great potential in various applications, particularly in bioimaging. However, it is still a challenge to manufacture organic RTP materials possessing quite high efficiency and long lifetime, owing to the high requirements for triplet excitons. In this study, a series of keto derivatives with efficient RTP in crystals are developed through the regulation of molecular aggregation states by simple alkyl groups, resulting in impressive luminescence performance with a longer lifetime and higher efficiency of up to 868 ms and 51.59%, respectively. All the alkyl-substituted derivatives exhibit bright RTP intensities after heavy grinding with a pestle, indicating their robust RTP features, which are suitable for many fields. Encouraged by the excellent RTP performance of these luminogens in the crystalline state, successful orthotopic lung tumor imaging with a high signal-to-background ratio (SBR) of 65 is demonstrated in this study to provide the promise of pure organic RTP materials for disease diagnosis, which hold the advantages of low autofluorescence interference and high signal-to-background ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heqi Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhiyuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Di Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jingtian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Qiyun Tang
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Dan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
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20
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Zhou Y, Lu S, Zhi J, Jiang R, Chen J, Zhong H, Shi H, Ma X, An Z. Microscopic Afterglow Bioimaging by Ultralong Organic Phosphorescent Nanoparticles in Living Cells and Zebrafish. Anal Chem 2021; 93:6516-6522. [PMID: 33852275 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Compared with short-lived emission probes featuring fluorescence imaging , the use of phosphorescent probes imparts the advantage of long-lived signal persistence that distinguishes against background fluorescence interference. However, the realization of ultralong organic phosphorescent (UOP) probes with an ultralong emission lifetime in an aqueous medium is still a challenge. Here, we present a rational strategy for obtaining UOP nanoparticles (NPs) in an air-saturated aqueous medium prepared using an organic phosphor (PDBCz) and a surfactant polymer (PVP), named PDBCz@PVP, showing an ultralong emission lifetime of 284.59 ms and a phosphorescence quantum efficiency of 7.6%. The excellent phosphorescence properties and water solubility of PDBCz@PVP make it a promising candidate for biological imaging. The as-prepared PDBCz@PVP NPs possess excellent luminescence intensity as well as illustrious biocompatibility both in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrate their use as an efficient phosphorescent nanoprobe both in living cells and zebrafish by capturing their afterglow emission signals under microscopy observation for the first time, realizing convenient and fast bioimaging with low cost, which allows for anti-fluorescence interference and shows promise for the future theragnostic applications in nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Song Lu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jiahuan Zhi
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Ruihong Jiang
- Sauvage Laboratory for Smart Materials, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), No. 9 Duxue Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jiahao Chen
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hanbing Zhong
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Huifang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xing Ma
- Sauvage Laboratory for Smart Materials, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), No. 9 Duxue Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhongfu An
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
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21
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Li Z, Wang Y, Baryshnikov G, Shen S, Zhang M, Zou Q, Ågren H, Zhu L. Lighting up solid states using a rubber. Nat Commun 2021; 12:908. [PMID: 33568677 PMCID: PMC7876014 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21253-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
It is crucial and desirable to develop green and high-efficient strategies to regulate solid-state structures and their related material properties. However, relative to solution, it is more difficult to break and generate chemical bonds in solid states. In this work, a rubbing-induced photoluminescence on the solid states of ortho-pyridinil phenol family was achieved. This rubbing response relied on an accurately designed topochemical tautomerism, where a negative charge, exactly provided by the triboelectric effect of a rubber, can induce a proton transfer in a double H-bonded dimeric structure. This process instantaneously led to a bright-form tautomer that can be stabilized in the solid-state settings, leading to an up to over 450-fold increase of the fluorescent quantum yield of the materials. The property can be repeatedly used due to the reversibility of the tautomerism, enabling encrypted applications. Moreover, a further modification to the structure can be accomplished to achieve different properties, opening up more possibilities for the design of new-generation smart materials. Changes in molecular properties due to stimuli response are critically important for the development of new materials. However, most processes are slow or inefficient in the solid state. Here the authors demonstrate property switching in the solid state using a rubbing-induced tautomerism in multiple hydrogen-bonded donor-acceptor couples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gleb Baryshnikov
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.,Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Shen Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Man Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Zou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, China
| | - Hans Ågren
- Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Liangliang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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22
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Gu L, Wang X, Singh M, Shi H, Ma H, An Z, Huang W. Organic Room-Temperature Phosphorescent Materials: From Static to Dynamic. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:6191-6200. [PMID: 32635734 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b03363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) in organic materials is highly sensitive toward changes of external stimulus, representing the expansion of static RTP materials with fixed properties, and has gradually captured considerable attention. Different from the big breakthroughs in static organic RTP materials, dynamic organic RTP materials remain a clear improvement over luminescent mechanisms and molecular design rule. Therefore, we have reviewed the progress of organic RTP materials from static to dynamic phosphorescence and provide insight into the dynamic behaviors of RTP lifetime, color, intensity, and efficiency under different external stimuli, especially changes to the excitation source, such as irradiation time, intensity, and excitation wavelengths. Subsequently, we present some viewpoints on this promising field to strengthen the understanding of dynamic RTP characteristics. This Perspective may be beneficial for the future development of smart materials with dynamic RTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Gu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Manjeet Singh
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P.R. China
| | - Huifang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P.R. China
| | - Huili Ma
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P.R. China
| | - Zhongfu An
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P.R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P.R. China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
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23
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Huang L, Qian C, Ma Z. Stimuli-Responsive Purely Organic Room-Temperature Phosphorescence Materials. Chemistry 2020; 26:11914-11930. [PMID: 32159896 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This Minireview summarizes the recent progress of stimuli-responsive purely organic phosphorescence materials. Organic phosphorescence is closely related to the intermolecular interactions, because such interactions are beneficial to promote spin orbital coupling (SOC) and boost intersystem cross (ISC) efficiency and finally are conducive to satisfactory phosphorescence. It is found that the intermolecular interactions, which are essential for organic phosphorescence, are easily disturbed by external stimuli such as mechanical force, photon, acid, chemical vapor, leading to the luminescence change. According to this principle, various purely organic phosphorescence materials sensitive to external stimuli have been developed. This Minireview categorizes reported stimuli-responsive purely organic phosphorescence materials on the basis of different stimuli, including mechanochromism, mechanoluminescence, photoactivity, acid-responsiveness and other stimuli. Some prospective strategies for constructing stimuli-responsive purely organic phosphorescence molecules are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of, Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Chen Qian
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of, Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Ma
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of, Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
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24
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Xu L, Zhou K, Ma H, Lv A, Pei D, Li G, Zhang Y, An Z, Li A, He G. Ultralong Organic Phosphorescent Nanocrystals with Long-Lived Triplet Excited States for Afterglow Imaging and Photodynamic Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:18385-18394. [PMID: 32212618 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c04005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The development of novel applications of ultralong organic phosphorescent (UOP) materials is highly desired. Herein, a series of UOP materials (EDCz, E = O, S, Se, and Te) for bacterial afterglow imaging and photodynamic therapy (PDT) is reported. By structurally bonding with the chalcogen atoms with π-conjugated scaffolds, EDCz not only absorbs visible light but also emits UOP with an efficiency of ca. 0.01-6.8% and a long lifetime of 0.08-0.318 s under ambient conditions. Benefiting from the long-lived triplet excited states, the SeDCz nanocrystals (NCs) possessed the best optical properties in the series, generating 1O2 under white light irradiation and performing as an agent for Staphylococcus aureus afterglow imaging and PDT at a low concentration (98 ng mL-1). The SeDCz NCs are also utilized as real-time UOP imaging agents and promoted healing of infected wounds in living mice. To the best of our knowledge, this study presents the first example of UOP-based bacterial photodynamic theranostic agents and creates a platform for the next-generation efficient UOP-based photosensitizers for bioimaging and skin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letian Xu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710054, China
| | - Kun Zhou
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710054, China
| | - Huili Ma
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Anqi Lv
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Dandan Pei
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Guoping Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710054, China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710054, China
| | - Zhongfu An
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Ang Li
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Gang He
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710054, China
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi province, China
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25
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Zhi J, Zhou Q, Shi H, An Z, Huang W. Organic Room Temperature Phosphorescence Materials for Biomedical Applications. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:947-957. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahuan Zhi
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Huifang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Zhongfu An
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE)Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) 127 West Youyi Road Xi'an 710072 China
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26
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You Y, Huang K, Liu X, Pan X, Zhi J, He Q, Shi H, An Z, Ma X, Huang W. Hydrophilic Ultralong Organic Nanophosphors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1906733. [PMID: 32003926 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201906733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ultralong organic phosphorescence (UOP), enabling of persistent luminescence after removal of external excitation light, shows great promise in biological applications such as bioimaging in virtue of antibackground fluorescence interference. Despite of good biocompatibility and outstanding phosphorescent properties, most current organic phosphors are hydrophobic with poor water solubility in the form of bulk crystal with large size, limiting their potential in the biological field. Here, a facile and versatile approach is provided to obtain nanoscale hydrophilic phosphorescent phosphors (HPPs) by physically loading ultralong organic phosphors into hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles. The as-prepared HPPs can be well suspended in aqueous solution and effectively internalized by HeLa cells with very low cytotoxicity. Such HPPs are successfully applied for afterglow bioimaging in living nude mice with a very high signal-to-noise ratio up to 31. The current study not only provides a universal strategy to realize UOP in aqueous media but also demonstrates their great potential for biomedical purposes as an advanced imaging indicator with long-lived emission lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang You
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining (Shenzhen), Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Xili University Town, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, No. 9 Duxue Road, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Kaiwei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xiaojia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining (Shenzhen), Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Xili University Town, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, No. 9 Duxue Road, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xi Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining (Shenzhen), Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Xili University Town, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, No. 9 Duxue Road, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jiahuan Zhi
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Qianjun He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, No. 1066 Xuyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Huifang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Zhongfu An
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining (Shenzhen), Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Xili University Town, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, No. 9 Duxue Road, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
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27
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Zheng S, Hu T, Bin X, Wang Y, Yi Y, Zhang Y, Yuan WZ. Clustering‐Triggered Efficient Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence from Nonconventional Luminophores. Chemphyschem 2019; 21:36-42. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201901024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuyuan Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging Shanghai Electrochemical Energy Devices Research CenterShanghai Jiao Tong University No. 800 Dongchuan Rd., Minhang District Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Taiping Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Beijing 100190 China
| | - Xin Bin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging Shanghai Electrochemical Energy Devices Research CenterShanghai Jiao Tong University No. 800 Dongchuan Rd., Minhang District Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Yunzhong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging Shanghai Electrochemical Energy Devices Research CenterShanghai Jiao Tong University No. 800 Dongchuan Rd., Minhang District Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Yuanping Yi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Beijing 100190 China
| | - Yongming Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging Shanghai Electrochemical Energy Devices Research CenterShanghai Jiao Tong University No. 800 Dongchuan Rd., Minhang District Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Wang Zhang Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging Shanghai Electrochemical Energy Devices Research CenterShanghai Jiao Tong University No. 800 Dongchuan Rd., Minhang District Shanghai 200240 China
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28
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Wang X, Gan N, Gu M, Ling K, Ma C, Ma H, Yao W, Zhang Y, Shi H, An Z, Huang W. Subtle structure tailoring of metal-free triazine luminogens for highly efficient ultralong organic phosphorescence. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2018.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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29
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Xiong Q, Xu C, Jiao N, Ma X, Zhang Y, Zhang S. Pure organic room-temperature phosphorescent N-allylquinolinium salts as anti-counterfeiting materials. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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30
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Niu Z, Ma C, Ye W, Wang H, Jia W, Shi H, Shi H, An Z, Huang W. Colour-tunable ultralong organic phosphorescence upon temperature stimulus. RSC Adv 2019; 9:19075-19078. [PMID: 35516893 PMCID: PMC9065138 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra03537k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A new class of single-component molecular crystal with colour-tunable ultralong organic phosphorescence (UOP) was designed and synthesized through alkyl chain engineering. Forming a more rigid environment at 77 K, the colour-tunable UOP from yellow-white to blue-green is achieved through dual-emission of crystal and amorphous states. A new class of single-component molecular crystal with colour-tunable ultralong organic phosphorescence (UOP) was designed and synthesized through alkyl chain engineering.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuoji Niu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan 030024 China .,Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Chaoqun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Wenpeng Ye
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - He Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Wenyong Jia
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Huixian Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan 030024 China
| | - Huifang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Zhongfu An
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
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31
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Shi H, Zou L, Huang K, Wang H, Sun C, Wang S, Ma H, He Y, Wang J, Yu H, Yao W, An Z, Zhao Q, Huang W. A Highly Efficient Red Metal-free Organic Phosphor for Time-Resolved Luminescence Imaging and Photodynamic Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:18103-18110. [PMID: 31037937 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b01615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Developing highly efficient red metal-free organic phosphors for biological applications is a formidable challenge. Here, we report a novel molecular design principle to obtain red metal-free organic phosphors with long emission lifetime (504.6 μs) and high phosphorescence efficiency (14.6%) from the isolated molecules in the crystal. Furthermore, the well-dispersed phosphorescent nanodots (PNDs) with the particle size around 5 nm are prepared through polymer-encapsulation in an aqueous solution, which show good biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity. The metal-free PNDs are successfully applied to time-resolved luminescence imaging to eliminate background fluorescence interference both in vitro and vivo as well as effective photodynamic anticancer therapy for the first time. This work will not only pave a pathway to develop highly efficient metal-free RTP materials but also expand the scope of their applications to biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Shi
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) , Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) , 127 West Youyi Road , Xi'an 710072 , China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications , Wenyuan Road 9 , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Kaiwei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - He Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Chen Sun
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Shan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Huili Ma
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Yarong He
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Jianpu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Haidong Yu
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) , Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) , 127 West Youyi Road , Xi'an 710072 , China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Wei Yao
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Zhongfu An
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) , Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) , 127 West Youyi Road , Xi'an 710072 , China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications , Wenyuan Road 9 , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Wei Huang
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) , Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) , 127 West Youyi Road , Xi'an 710072 , China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , China
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications , Wenyuan Road 9 , Nanjing 210023 , China
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32
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Lv A, Ye W, Jiang X, Gan N, Shi H, Yao W, Ma H, An Z, Huang W. Room-Temperature Phosphorescence from Metal-Free Organic Materials in Solution: Origin and Molecular Design. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:1037-1042. [PMID: 30773889 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b00221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Metal-free organic materials with room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) is hardly achieved in solution owing to the ambiguous underlying mechanism. By combining thermal vibration correlation function rate theory and a polarizable continuum model (PCM) coupled with the Tamm-Dancoff approximation method, concentrating on β-hydroxyvinylimine boron compounds C-BF2 and S-BF2, we showed that the increased intersystem crossing ( kisc) and radiative decay rates ( kp) are responsible for the strong RTP of S-BF2 in solution. From C-BF2 to S-BF2, the T2 state is increasingly dominated by the n → π* transition, largely enhancing the kisc of S1 → T2 (up to 3 orders of magnitude) and kp of T1 → S0. Impressively, the nonradiative decay rate of T1 → S0 is slightly increased by suppressing the out-of-plane twisting motions. This mechanism is also tenable for several designed RTP molecules through further experimental demonstration, which will pave a new way to design organic materials with single-molecule phosphorescence for applying to organic light-emitting diodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Lv
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wenpeng Ye
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Gan
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , People's Republic of China
| | - Huifang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Yao
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , People's Republic of China
| | - Huili Ma
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongfu An
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , People's Republic of China
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) , Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) , 127 West Youyi Road , Xi'an 710072 , People's Republic of China
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33
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Zhang T, Zhao Z, Ma H, Zhang Y, Yuan WZ. Polymorphic Pure Organic Luminogens with Through-Space Conjugation and Persistent Room-Temperature Phosphorescence. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:884-889. [PMID: 30604929 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pure organic luminogens with persistent room-temperature phosphorescence (p-RTP) have attracted increasing attention owing to their vital significance and potential applications in security inks, bioimaging, and photodynamic therapy. Previously reported p-RTP luminogens normally possessed through-bond conjugation. In this work, we report a pure organic luminogen, AN-MA, the Diels-Alder cycloaddition adduct of anthracene (AN) and maleic anhydride (MA), which possesses isolated phenyl groups and an anhydride moiety. AN-MA exhibits aggregation-enhanced emission (AEE) characteristics with efficiency of approximately 2 % and up to 8.5 % in solution and crystals, respectively. Two polymorphs of AN-MA were readily obtained that were able to generate UV emission from individual phenyl rings together with bright blue emission owing to the effective through-space conjugation. Moreover, p-RTP with a lifetime of up to approximately 1.6 s was obtained in the crystals. These results not only reveal a new system with both fluorescence and RTP dual emission but also suggest an alternative through-space conjugation strategy towards pure organic p-RTP luminogens with tunable emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China.,Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Electrochemical Energy Devices Research Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zihao Zhao
- Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Electrochemical Energy Devices Research Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Huili Ma
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Yongming Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China.,Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Electrochemical Energy Devices Research Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wang Zhang Yuan
- Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Electrochemical Energy Devices Research Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
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34
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Lucenti E, Forni A, Botta C, Giannini C, Malpicci D, Marinotto D, Previtali A, Righetto S, Cariati E. Intrinsic and Extrinsic Heavy-Atom Effects on the Multifaceted Emissive Behavior of Cyclic Triimidazole. Chemistry 2019; 25:2452-2456. [PMID: 30561845 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Considering that heavy halogen atoms can be used to tune the emissive properties of organic luminogens, the understanding of their role in photophysics is fundamental for materials engineering. Here, the extrinsic and intrinsic heavy-atom effects on the photophysics of organic crystals were separately evaluated by comparing cyclic triimidazole (TT) with its monoiodo derivative (TTI) and its co-crystal with diiodotetrafluorobenzene (TTCo). Crystals of TT showed room-temperature ultralong phosphorescence (RTUP) originated from H-aggregation. TTI and TTCo displayed two additional long-lived components, the origin of which is elucidated through single-crystal X-ray and DFT/TDDFT studies. The results highlight the different effects of the I atom on the three phosphorescent emissions. Intrinsic heavy-atom effects play a major role on molecular phosphorescence, which is displayed at room temperature only for TTI. The H-aggregate RTUP and the I⋅⋅⋅N XB-induced (XB=halogen bond) phosphorescence on the other side depend only on packing features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lucenti
- ISTM-CNR, INSTM RU, Via Golgi 1, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Botta
- ISMAC-CNR, INSTM RU, Via Corti 12, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Clelia Giannini
- Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano and INSTM RU, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Daniele Malpicci
- Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano and INSTM RU, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Previtali
- Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano and INSTM RU, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Stefania Righetto
- ISTM-CNR, INSTM RU, Via Golgi 1, 20133, Milano, Italy.,Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano and INSTM RU, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Cariati
- ISTM-CNR, INSTM RU, Via Golgi 1, 20133, Milano, Italy.,Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano and INSTM RU, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milano, Italy
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35
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Cariati E, Forni A, Lucenti E, Marinotto D, Previtali A, Righetto S, Botta C, Bold V, Kravtsov V, Fonari MS. Extrinsic Heavy Metal Atom Effect on the Solid‐State Room Temperature Phosphorescence of Cyclic Triimidazole. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:853-858. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Cariati
- Dept. of ChemistryUniversità degli Studi di Milano and INSTM RU Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
- ISTM-CNR, INSTM RU via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | | | | | | | - Andrea Previtali
- Dept. of ChemistryUniversità degli Studi di Milano and INSTM RU Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Stefania Righetto
- Dept. of ChemistryUniversità degli Studi di Milano and INSTM RU Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
- ISTM-CNR, INSTM RU via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Chiara Botta
- ISMAC-CNR, INSTM RU Via Corti 12 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Victor Bold
- Institute of Applied Physics Academy str. 5 MD2028 Chisinau Moldova
| | - Victor Kravtsov
- Institute of Applied Physics Academy str. 5 MD2028 Chisinau Moldova
| | - Marina S. Fonari
- Institute of Applied Physics Academy str. 5 MD2028 Chisinau Moldova
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