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Suzuki H, Kametaka J, Nakahori S, Tanaka Y, Iwahara M, Lin H, Manzhos S, Kyaw AKK, Nishikawa T, Hayashi Y. N-DMBI Doping of Carbon Nanotube Yarns for Achieving High n-Type Thermoelectric Power Factor and Figure of Merit. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2301387. [PMID: 38470210 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The application of carbon nanotube (CNT) yarns as thermoelectric materials for harvesting energy from low-grade waste heat including that generated by the human body, is attracting considerable attention. However, the lack of efficient n-type CNT yarns hinders their practical implementation in thermoelectric devices. This study reports efficient n-doping of CNT yarns, employing 4-(1, 3-dimethyl-2, 3-dihydro-1H-benzimidazole-2-yl) phenyl) dimethylamine (N-DMBI) in alternative to conventional n-dopants, with o-dichlorobenzene emerging as the optimal solvent. The small molecular size of N-DMBI enables highly efficient doping within a remarkably short duration (10 s) while ensuring prolonged stability in air and at high temperature (150 °C). Furthermore, Joule annealing of the yarns significantly improves the n-doping efficiency. Consequently, thermoelectric power factors (PFs) of 2800, 2390, and 1534 µW m-1 K-2 are achieved at 200, 150, and 30 °C, respectively. The intercalation of N-DMBI molecules significantly suppresses the thermal conductivity, resulting in the high figure of merit (ZT) of 1.69×10-2 at 100 °C. Additionally, a π-type thermoelectric module is successfully demonstrated incorporating both p- and n-doped CNT yarns. This study offers an efficient doping strategy for achieving CNT yarns with high thermoelectric performance, contributing to the realization of lightweight and mechanically flexible CNT-based thermoelectric devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroo Suzuki
- Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
- Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Jun Kametaka
- Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Shinya Nakahori
- Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Tanaka
- Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Mizuki Iwahara
- Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Haolu Lin
- Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Sergei Manzhos
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama 2-12-1, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Aung Ko Ko Kyaw
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Takeshi Nishikawa
- Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
- Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Hayashi
- Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
- Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
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Wang Z, Zhang Q, Chen M, Wei L. The opportunities of semiconductor fibres in clinical and translational medicine. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1685. [PMID: 38877655 PMCID: PMC11178511 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhixun Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qichong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Center for Photonics Information and Energy Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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Fu Y, Kang S, Xiang G, Su C, Gao C, Tan L, Gu H, Wang S, Zheng Z, Dai S, Lin C. Ultraflexible Temperature-Strain Dual-Sensor Based on Chalcogenide Glass-Polymer Film for Human-Machine Interaction. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2313101. [PMID: 38417448 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Skin-like thermoelectric (TE) films with temperature- and strain-sensing functions are highly desirable for human-machine interaction systems and wearable devices. However, current TE films still face challenges in achieving high flexibility and excellent sensing performance simultaneously. Herein, for the first time, a facile roll-to-roll strategy is proposed to fabricate an ultraflexible chalcogenide glass-polytetrafluoroethylene composite film with superior temperature- and strain-sensing performance. The unique reticular network of the composite film endows it with efficient Seebeck effect and flexibility, leading to a high Seebeck coefficient (731 µV/K), rapid temperature response (≈0.7 s), and excellent strain sensitivity (gauge factor = 836). Based on this high-performance composite film, an intelligent robotic hand for action feedback and temperature alarm is fabricated, demonstrating its great potential in human-machine interaction. Such TE film fabrication strategy not only brings new inspiration for wearable inorganic TE devices, but also sets the stage for a wide implementation of multifunctional human-machine interaction systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Fu
- Laboratory of Infrared Materials and Devices, The Research Institute of Advanced Technologies, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center for Advanced Infrared Photoelectric Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Shiliang Kang
- Laboratory of Infrared Materials and Devices, The Research Institute of Advanced Technologies, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center for Advanced Infrared Photoelectric Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Guofeng Xiang
- Laboratory of Infrared Materials and Devices, The Research Institute of Advanced Technologies, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center for Advanced Infrared Photoelectric Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Chengran Su
- Laboratory of Infrared Materials and Devices, The Research Institute of Advanced Technologies, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center for Advanced Infrared Photoelectric Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Chengwei Gao
- Laboratory of Infrared Materials and Devices, The Research Institute of Advanced Technologies, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center for Advanced Infrared Photoelectric Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Linling Tan
- Laboratory of Infrared Materials and Devices, The Research Institute of Advanced Technologies, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center for Advanced Infrared Photoelectric Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Hao Gu
- Laboratory of Infrared Materials and Devices, The Research Institute of Advanced Technologies, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center for Advanced Infrared Photoelectric Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- Laboratory of Infrared Materials and Devices, The Research Institute of Advanced Technologies, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center for Advanced Infrared Photoelectric Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Zhuanghao Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Shixun Dai
- Laboratory of Infrared Materials and Devices, The Research Institute of Advanced Technologies, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center for Advanced Infrared Photoelectric Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Changgui Lin
- Laboratory of Infrared Materials and Devices, The Research Institute of Advanced Technologies, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center for Advanced Infrared Photoelectric Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
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Gu Y, Pang F, Zhu M, Yang Y, Tang Y, Zhang L, Wei H, Wang T. Heterogeneous integrated optical fiber with side nickel core for distributed magnetic field sensing. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:7540-7552. [PMID: 38439432 DOI: 10.1364/oe.512379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
A design of a heterogeneous integrated optical fiber with side nickel core (SNCF) has been proposed and demonstrated for distributed fiber-optic magnetic field sensing. Experimental results show that magnetic properties of nickel can be preserved well after the high temperature drawing process. The functionality of the SNCF has been well verified, with the sensitivity for DC magnetic field being up to -2.42 µε/mT (below 8 mT). Besides, the SNCF finally presents magnetostriction saturation under a certain magnetic field, which agrees with the simulation. The proposed direct thermal drawing method to produce metal-heterogeneous integrated optical fiber paves the way for a simple and scalable means of incorporating metallic materials into fibers, as well as providing a promising candidate for long-distance distributed magnetic field sensing.
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Chen X, Yang X, Han X, Ruan Z, Xu J, Huang F, Zhang K. Advanced Thermoelectric Textiles for Power Generation: Principles, Design, and Manufacturing. GLOBAL CHALLENGES (HOBOKEN, NJ) 2024; 8:2300023. [PMID: 38356682 PMCID: PMC10862169 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202300023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Self-powered wearable thermoelectric (TE) devices significantly reduce the inconvenience caused to users, especially in daily use of portable devices and monitoring personal health. The textile-based TE devices (TETs) exhibit the excellent flexibility, deformability, and light weight, which fulfill demands of long-term wearing for the human body. In comparison to traditional TE devices with their longstanding research history, TETs are still in an initial stage of growth. In recent years, TETs to provide electricity for low-power wearable electronics have attracted increasing attention. This review summarizes the recent progress of TETs from the points of selecting TE materials, scalable fabrication methods of TE fibers/yarns and TETs, structure design of TETs and reported high-performance TETs. The key points to develop TETs with outstanding TE properties and mechanical performance and better than available optimization strategies are discussed. Furthermore, remaining challenges and perspectives of TETs are also proposed to suggest practical applications for heat harvesting from human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & TechnologyMinistry of EducationDonghua UniversityShanghai200051China
- College of TextilesDonghua UniversityShanghai200051China
| | - Xiaona Yang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & TechnologyMinistry of EducationDonghua UniversityShanghai200051China
- College of TextilesDonghua UniversityShanghai200051China
| | - Xue Han
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & TechnologyMinistry of EducationDonghua UniversityShanghai200051China
- College of TextilesDonghua UniversityShanghai200051China
| | - Zuping Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & TechnologyMinistry of EducationDonghua UniversityShanghai200051China
- College of TextilesDonghua UniversityShanghai200051China
| | - Jinchuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & TechnologyMinistry of EducationDonghua UniversityShanghai200051China
- College of TextilesDonghua UniversityShanghai200051China
| | - Fuli Huang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & TechnologyMinistry of EducationDonghua UniversityShanghai200051China
- College of TextilesDonghua UniversityShanghai200051China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & TechnologyMinistry of EducationDonghua UniversityShanghai200051China
- College of TextilesDonghua UniversityShanghai200051China
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Gu H, Kang S, Fu Y, Tan L, Gao C, Zheng Z, Lin C. High Seebeck Coefficient Inorganic Ge 15Ga 10Te 75 Core/Polymer Cladding Fibers for Respiration and Body Temperature Monitoring. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:59768-59775. [PMID: 38085539 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c13239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Wearable thermal sensors based on thermoelectric (TE) materials with high sensitivity and temperature resolution are extensively used in medical diagnosis, human-machine interfaces, and advanced artificial intelligence. However, their development is greatly limited by the lack of materials with both a high Seebeck coefficient and superior anticrystallization ability. Here, a new inorganic amorphous TE material, Ge15Ga10Te75, with a high Seebeck coefficient of 1109 μV/K is reported. Owing to the large difference between the glass-transition temperature and initial crystallization temperature, Ge15Ga10Te75 strongly inhibits crystallization during fiber fabrication by thermally codrawing a precast rod comprising a Ge15Ga10Te75 core and PP polymer cladding. The temperature difference can be effectively transduced into electrical signals to achieve TE fiber thermal sensing with an accurate temperature resolution of 0.03 K and a fast response time of 4 s. It is important to note that after the 1.5 and 5.5 K temperatures changed repeatedly, the TE properties of the fiber demonstrated high stability. Based on the Seebeck effect and superior flexibility of the fibers, they can be integrated into a mask and wearable fabric for human respiration and body temperature monitoring. The superior thermal sensing performance of the TE fibers together with their natural flexibility and scalable fabrication endow them with promising applications in health-monitoring and intelligent medical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Gu
- Laboratory of Infrared Materials and Devices, The Research Institute of Advanced Technologies, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Detection Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center for Advanced Infrared Photoelectric Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
| | - Shiliang Kang
- Laboratory of Infrared Materials and Devices, The Research Institute of Advanced Technologies, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Detection Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center for Advanced Infrared Photoelectric Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
| | - Yanqing Fu
- Laboratory of Infrared Materials and Devices, The Research Institute of Advanced Technologies, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Detection Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center for Advanced Infrared Photoelectric Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
| | - Linling Tan
- Laboratory of Infrared Materials and Devices, The Research Institute of Advanced Technologies, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Detection Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center for Advanced Infrared Photoelectric Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
| | - Chengwei Gao
- Laboratory of Infrared Materials and Devices, The Research Institute of Advanced Technologies, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Detection Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center for Advanced Infrared Photoelectric Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
| | - Zhuanghao Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Changgui Lin
- Laboratory of Infrared Materials and Devices, The Research Institute of Advanced Technologies, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Detection Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center for Advanced Infrared Photoelectric Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
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Ha H, Suryaprabha T, Choi C, Chandio ZA, Kim B, Lim S, Cheong JY, Hwang B. Recent research trends in textile-based temperature sensors: a mini review. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 34:422001. [PMID: 37473742 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ace913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
In this review, the current state of research on textile-based temperature sensors is explored by focusing on their potential use in various applications. The textile-based sensors show various advantages including flexibility, conformability and seamlessness for the wearer. Integration of the textile-based sensors into clothes or fabric-based products enables continuous and sensitive monitoring of change in temperature, which can be used for various medical and fitness applications. However, there are lacks of comprehensive review on the textile-based temperature sensors. This review introduces various types of textile-based temperature sensors, including resistive, thermoelectric and fibre-optical sensors. In addition, the challenges that need to be addressed to fully realise their potential, which include improving sensitivity and accuracy, integrating wireless communication capabilities, and developing low-cost fabrication techniques. The technological advances in textile-based temperature sensors to overcome the limitations will revolutionize wearable devices requiring function of temperature monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heebo Ha
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Chunghyeon Choi
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Zubair Ahmed Chandio
- Bavarian Center for Battery Technology (BayBatt) and Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Byungjin Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sooman Lim
- Department of Flexible and Printable Electronics, LANL-JBNU Engineering Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Young Cheong
- Bavarian Center for Battery Technology (BayBatt) and Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Byungil Hwang
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
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Niu G, Wang Z, Xue Y, Yan J, Dutta A, Chen X, Wang Y, Liu C, Du S, Guo L, Zhou P, Cheng H, Yang L. Pencil-on-Paper Humidity Sensor Treated with NaCl Solution for Health Monitoring and Skin Characterization. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:1252-1260. [PMID: 36584409 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Although flexible humidity sensors are essential for human health monitoring, it is still challenging to achieve high sensitivity and easy disposal with simple, low-cost fabrication processes. This study presents the design and fabrication of highly reliable hand-drawn interdigital electrodes from pencil-on-paper treated with NaCl solution for highly sensitive hydration sensors working over a wide range of relative humidity (RH) levels from 5.6% to 90%. The applications of the resulting flexible humidity sensor go beyond the monitoring of respiratory rate and proximity to characterizations of human skin types and evaluations of skin barrier functions through insensible sweat measurements. The sensor array can also be integrated with a diaper to result in smart diapers to alert for an early diaper change. The design and fabrication strategies presented in this work could also be leveraged for the development of wearable, self-powered, and recyclable sensors and actuators in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Niu
- Department of Architecture and Art, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Zihan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei Key Laboratory of Smart Sensing and Human-Robot Interaction, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Ye Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Jiayi Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei Key Laboratory of Smart Sensing and Human-Robot Interaction, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Ankan Dutta
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Xue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetics and Neuroengineering of Hebei Province, School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Ya Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei Key Laboratory of Smart Sensing and Human-Robot Interaction, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Chaosai Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei Key Laboratory of Smart Sensing and Human-Robot Interaction, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Shuaijie Du
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetics and Neuroengineering of Hebei Province, School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Langang Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei Key Laboratory of Smart Sensing and Human-Robot Interaction, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Tianjin Tianzhong Yimai Technology Development Co. Ltd., Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Huanyu Cheng
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
- Tianjin Tianzhong Yimai Technology Development Co. Ltd., Tianjin 300384, China
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Wu J, Sato Y, Guo Y. Microelectronic fibers for multiplexed sweat sensing. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023:10.1007/s00216-022-04510-9. [PMID: 36622394 PMCID: PMC9838444 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04510-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Wearable bioelectronics are gaining extraordinary attention due to their capabilities to achieve continuous monitoring of human health status. However, mainstream manufacturing technologies, including photolithography and printing technology, limit current wearable bioelectronics on 2D planar structures with little surface area in contact with the body. It thus limits the amount of physiological information that current wearable bioelectronics could obtain. Furthermore, they need to be firmly attached to the body, affecting the wearing comfort. In this study, we leveraged the versatile thermal drawing process and developed a flexible microelectronic fiber with bioanalytical functions that could be woven into textiles as a new form of wearable bioelectronics. Within a single strand of fiber, we successfully integrated all-in-one multiplexed electrochemical sensing capabilities, with the sweat as the primary object. Adopting the laser micromachining technique, we developed biosensing functions on the longitudinal surface of the fiber with two sensing electrodes for Na+ and uric acid (UA), respectively, together with a pseudo reference electrode (p-RE). We carefully characterized the all-in-one multiplexed sensing performance of the fiber and demonstrated its successful application in sweat sensing based on its textile forms. The results show significant potential for application in wearable textiles for monitoring key health signals of humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxuan Wu
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8579 Japan
| | - Yuichi Sato
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences (FRIS), Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-0845 Japan
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences (FRIS), Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-0845 Japan ,Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8579 Japan ,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
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10
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Qian S, Liu M, Dou Y, Fink Y, Yan W. A 'Moore's law' for fibers enables intelligent fabrics. Natl Sci Rev 2022; 10:nwac202. [PMID: 36684517 PMCID: PMC9843301 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwac202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Fabrics are an indispensable part of our everyday life. They provide us with protection, offer privacy and form an intimate expression of ourselves through their esthetics. Imparting functionality at the fiber level represents an intriguing path toward innovative fabrics with a hitherto unparalleled functionality and value. The fiber technology based on thermal drawing of a preform, which is identical in its materials and geometry to the final fiber, has emerged as a powerful platform for the production of exquisite fibers with prerequisite composition, geometric complexity and control over feature size. A 'Moore's law' for fibers is emerging, delivering higher forms of function that are important for a broad spectrum of practical applications in healthcare, sports, robotics, space exploration, etc. In this review, we survey progress in thermally drawn fibers and devices, and discuss their relevance to 'smart' fabrics. A new generation of fabrics that can see, hear and speak, sense, communicate, harvest and store energy, as well as store and process data is anticipated. We conclude with a critical analysis of existing challenges and opportunities currently faced by thermally drawn fibers and fabrics that are expected to become sophisticated platforms delivering value-added services for our society.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yuhai Dou
- Institute for Energy Materials Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yoel Fink
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Wei Yan
- Corresponding author. E-mail:
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Liu J, Zhang X, Zhang J, Zhang S, Chen Y, Chen H, Chen H, Lin M. Interpenetration of Donor-Acceptor Hybrid Frameworks for Highly Sensitive Thermal Sensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:24575-24582. [PMID: 35588378 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Donor-acceptor (D-A) alignment that integrates D-A pairs into the modular and versatile crystalline metal-organic frameworks is a powerful strategy to precisely fabricate multifunctional materials with unique optoelectronic properties and applications at the molecular level. Herein, we reported an unprecedented threefold interpenetrating D-A hybrid framework by incorporating an electron-deficient linear viologen zwitterion into the lead-halide systems. The 1D iodoplumbate nanoribbon and interpenetrating close-packed D-A structure endowed this hitherto unknown semiconductive alignment with the anisotropic conductivity and high stability. When used in a thermal sensor, it presented exceptional electrical properties with a high sensitivity (high thermal index B of 4671 K) and decent temperature coefficient of resistivity (0.72% °C-1) in wide operational temperature ranges (40-220 °C), which are among the best of the related thermistors. This work develops a pathway to bridge the gaps between hybrid materials and electron devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Xianghong Zhang
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National & Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jiangyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Shuquan Zhang
- College of Zhicheng, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Hongming Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Huipeng Chen
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National & Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350100, China
| | - Meijin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
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12
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Tsui HCL, Healy N. Recent progress of semiconductor optoelectronic fibers. FRONTIERS OF OPTOELECTRONICS 2021; 14:383-398. [PMID: 36637765 PMCID: PMC9743859 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-021-1226-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor optoelectronic fiber technology has seen rapid development in recent years thanks to advancements in fabrication and post-processing techniques. Integrating the optical and electronic functionality of semiconductor materials into a fiber geometry has opened up many possibilities, such as in-fiber frequency generation, signal modulation, photodetection, and solar energy harvesting. This review provides an overview of the state-of-the-art in semiconductor optoelectronic fibers, including fabrication and post-processing methods, materials and their optical properties. The applications in nonlinear optics, optical-electrical conversion, lasers and multimaterial functional fibers will also be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hei Chit Leo Tsui
- Emerging Technologies and Materials Group, School of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE1 7RU UK
| | - Noel Healy
- Emerging Technologies and Materials Group, School of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE1 7RU UK
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13
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New Progress on Fiber-Based Thermoelectric Materials: Performance, Device Structures and Applications. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14216306. [PMID: 34771833 PMCID: PMC8585190 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid development of wearable electronics, looking for flexible and wearable generators as their self-power systems has proved an extensive task. Fiber-based thermoelectric generators (FTEGs) are promising candidates for these self-powered systems that collect energy from the surrounding environment or human body to sustain wearable electronics. In this work, we overview performances and device structures of state-of-the-art fiber-based thermoelectric materials, including inorganic fibers (e.g., carbon fibers, oxide fibers, and semiconductor fibers), organic fibers, and hybrid fibers. Moreover, potential applications for related thermoelectric devices are discussed, and future developments in fiber-based thermoelectric materials are also briefly expected.
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14
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Fiber-Based Thermoelectric Materials and Devices for Wearable Electronics. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12080869. [PMID: 34442491 PMCID: PMC8399896 DOI: 10.3390/mi12080869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fiber-based thermoelectric materials and devices have the characteristics of light-weight, stability, and flexibility, which can be used in wearable electronics, attracting the wide attention of researchers. In this work, we present a review of state-of-the-art fiber-based thermoelectric material fabrication, device assembling, and its potential applications in temperature sensing, thermoelectric generation, and temperature management. In this mini review, we also shine some light on the potential application in the next generation of wearable electronics, and discuss the challenges and opportunities.
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15
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Self-powered multifunctional sensing based on super-elastic fibers by soluble-core thermal drawing. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1416. [PMID: 33658511 PMCID: PMC7930051 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21729-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The well-developed preform-to-fiber thermal drawing technique owns the benefit to maintain the cross-section architecture and obtain an individual micro-scale strand of fiber with the extended length up to thousand meters. In this work, we propose and demonstrate a two-step soluble-core fabrication method by combining such an inherently scalable manufacturing method with simple post-draw processing to explore the low viscosity polymer fibers and the potential of soft fiber electronics. As a result, an ultra-stretchable conductive fiber is achieved, which maintains excellent conductivity even under 1900% strain or 1.5 kg load/impact freefalling from 0.8-m height. Moreover, by combining with triboelectric nanogenerator technique, this fiber acts as a self-powered self-adapting multi-dimensional sensor attached on sports gears to monitor sports performance while bearing sudden impacts. Next, owing to its remarkable waterproof and easy packaging properties, this fiber detector can sense different ion movements in various solutions, revealing the promising applications for large-area undersea detection.
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16
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Abstract
Wearable electronics have been receiving increasing attention for the past few decades. Particularly, fiber-based electronics are considered to be ideal for many applications for their flexibility, lightweight, breathability, and comfortability. Furthermore, fibers and fiber-based textiles can be 3D-molded with ease and potentially integrated with everyday clothes or accessories. These properties are especially desired in the fields of bio-related sensors and energy-storage systems. Wearable sensors utilize a tight interface with human skin and clothes for continuous environmental scanning and non-invasive health monitoring. At the same time, their flexible and lightweight properties allow more convenient and user-friendly experiences to the wearers. Similarly, for the wearable devices to be more accessible, it is crucial to incorporate energy harvesting and storage systems into the device themselves, removing the need to attach an external power source. This review summarizes the recent applications of fibers and fiber-based textiles in mechanical, photonic, and biomedical sensors. Pressure and strain sensors and their implementation as electronic skins will be explored, along with other various fiber sensors capable of imaging objects or monitoring safety and health markers. In addition, we attempt to elucidate recent studies in energy-storing fibers and their implication in self-powered and fully wireless wearable devices.
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17
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Lee Y, Canales A, Loke G, Kanik M, Fink Y, Anikeeva P. Selectively Micro-Patternable Fibers via In-Fiber Photolithography. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2020; 6:2319-2325. [PMID: 33376793 PMCID: PMC7760470 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c01188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Multimaterial fibers engineered to integrate glasses, metals, semiconductors, and composites found applications in ubiquitous sensing, biomedicine, and robotics. The longitudinal symmetry typical of fibers, however, limits the density of functional interfaces with fiber-based devices. Here, thermal drawing and photolithography are combined to produce a scalable method for deterministically breaking axial symmetry within multimaterial fibers. Our approach harnesses a two-step polymerization in thiol-epoxy and thiol-ene photopolymer networks to create a photoresist compatible with high-throughput thermal drawing in atmospheric conditions. This, in turn, delivers meters of fiber that can be patterned along the length increasing the density of functional points. This approach may advance applications of fiber-based devices in distributed sensors, large area optoelectronic devices, and smart textiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngbin Lee
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Research
Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- McGovern
Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Andres Canales
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Research
Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Gabriel Loke
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Research
Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mehmet Kanik
- Research
Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- McGovern
Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yoel Fink
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Research
Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Institute
for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Polina Anikeeva
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Research
Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- McGovern
Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department
of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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18
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Wang Z, Wu T, Wang Z, Zhang T, Chen M, Zhang J, Liu L, Qi M, Zhang Q, Yang J, Liu W, Chen H, Luo Y, Wei L. Designer patterned functional fibers via direct imprinting in thermal drawing. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3842. [PMID: 32737320 PMCID: PMC7395721 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17674-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Creating micro/nanostructures on fibers is beneficial for extending the application range of fiber-based devices. To achieve this using thermal fiber drawing is particularly important for the mass production of longitudinally uniform fibers up to tens of kilometers. However, the current thermal fiber drawing technique can only fabricate one-directional micro/nano-grooves longitudinally due to structure elongation and polymer reflow. Here, we develop a direct imprinting thermal drawing (DITD) technique to achieve arbitrarily designed surface patterns on entire fiber surfaces with high resolution in all directions. Such a thermal imprinting process is simulated and confirmed experimentally. Key process parameters are further examined, showing a process feature size as small as tens of nanometers. Furthermore, nanopatterns are fabricated on fibers as plasmonic metasurfaces, and double-sided patterned fibers are produced to construct self-powered wearable touch sensing fabric, revealing the bright future of the DITD technology in multifunctional fiber-based devices, wearable electronics, and smart textiles. Creating micro/nanostructures on fibers is beneficial to many fiber-based devices, which remains a challenge in large-scale fabrication due to elongation and reflow. Here, the authors demonstrate a method for generating high-resolution, arbitrarily designed surface patterns on fiber during the thermal drawing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Tingting Wu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zhixun Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ting Zhang
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Mengxiao Chen
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Lin Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Miao Qi
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Qichong Zhang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jiao Yang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Haisheng Chen
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yu Luo
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore. .,CNRS/NTU/THALES, UMI3288, Research Techno Plaza, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637553, Singapore.
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19
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Bunoiu M, Anitas EM, Pascu G, Chirigiu LME, Bica I. Electrical and Magnetodielectric Properties of Magneto-Active Fabrics for Electromagnetic Shielding and Health Monitoring. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134785. [PMID: 32640716 PMCID: PMC7370075 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient, low-cost and environmental-friendly method to fabricate magneto-active fabrics (MAFs) based on cotton fibers soaked with silicone oil and iron oxide microfibers (mFe) at mass fractions 2 wt.%, 4 wt.% and 8 wt.% is presented. It is shown that mFe induce good magnetic properties in MAFs, which are subsequently used as dielectric materials for capacitor fabrication. The electrical properties of MAFs are investigated in a static magnetic field with intensities of 0 kA/m, 160 kA/m and 320 kA/m, superimposed on a medium-frequency electric field. The influence of mFe on the electrical capacitance and dielectric loss tangent is determined, and it can be observed that the electrical conductivity, dielectric relaxation times and magnetodielectric effects are sensibly influenced by the applied magnetic and electric fields. The results indicate that the MAFs have electrical properties which could be useful for protection against electromagnetic pollution or for health monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalin Bunoiu
- Department of Physics, West University of Timisoara, V. Parvan Avenue 4, 300223 Timisoara, Romania;
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (G.P.)
| | - Eugen Mircea Anitas
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia;
- Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 077125 Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - Gabriel Pascu
- Department of Physics, West University of Timisoara, V. Parvan Avenue 4, 300223 Timisoara, Romania;
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (G.P.)
| | | | - Ioan Bica
- Department of Physics, West University of Timisoara, V. Parvan Avenue 4, 300223 Timisoara, Romania;
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20
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3D Printed Thermoelectric Polyurethane/Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites: A Novel Approach towards the Fabrication of Flexible and Stretchable Organic Thermoelectrics. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13122879. [PMID: 32604960 PMCID: PMC7344427 DOI: 10.3390/ma13122879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing of thermoelectric polymer nanocomposites is reported for the first time employing flexible, stretchable and electrically conductive 3D printable thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) filaments. TPU/MWCNT conductive polymer composites (CPC) have been initially developed employing melt-mixing and extrusion processes. TPU pellets and two different types of MWCNTs, namely the NC-7000 MWCNTs (NC-MWCNT) and Long MWCNTs (L-MWCNT) were used to manufacture TPU/MWCNT nanocomposite filaments with 1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 wt.%. 3D printed thermoelectric TPU/MWCNT nanocomposites were fabricated through a fused deposition modelling (FDM) process. Raman and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the graphitic nature and morphological characteristics of CNTs. SEM and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) exhibited an excellent CNT nanodispersion in the TPU matrix. Tensile tests showed no significant deterioration of the moduli and strengths for the 3D printed samples compared to the nanocomposites prepared by compression moulding, indicating an excellent interlayer adhesion and mechanical performance of the 3D printed nanocomposites. Electrical and thermoelectric investigations showed that L-MWCNT exhibits 19.8 ± 0.2 µV/K Seebeck coefficient (S) and 8.4 × 103 S/m electrical conductivity (σ), while TPU/L-MWCNT CPCs at 5.0 wt.% exhibited the highest thermoelectric performance (σ = 133.1 S/m, S = 19.8 ± 0.2 µV/K and PF = 0.04 μW/mK2) among TPU/CNT CPCs in the literature. All 3D printed samples exhibited an anisotropic electrical conductivity and the same Seebeck coefficient in the through- and cross-layer printing directions. TPU/MWCNT could act as excellent organic thermoelectric material towards 3D printed thermoelectric generators (TEGs) for potential large-scale energy harvesting applications.
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21
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Qi M, Zhang NMY, Li K, Tjin SC, Wei L. Hybrid Plasmonic Fiber-Optic Sensors. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E3266. [PMID: 32521770 PMCID: PMC7308908 DOI: 10.3390/s20113266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing demand of achieving comprehensive perception in every aspect of life, optical fibers have shown great potential in various applications due to their highly-sensitive, highly-integrated, flexible and real-time sensing capabilities. Among various sensing mechanisms, plasmonics based fiber-optic sensors provide remarkable sensitivity benefiting from their outstanding plasmon-matter interaction. Therefore, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and localized SPR (LSPR)-based hybrid fiber-optic sensors have captured intensive research attention. Conventionally, SPR- or LSPR-based hybrid fiber-optic sensors rely on the resonant electron oscillations of thin metallic films or metallic nanoparticles functionalized on fiber surfaces. Coupled with the new advances in functional nanomaterials as well as fiber structure design and fabrication in recent years, new solutions continue to emerge to further improve the fiber-optic plasmonic sensors' performances in terms of sensitivity, specificity and biocompatibility. For instance, 2D materials like graphene can enhance the surface plasmon intensity at the metallic film surface due to the plasmon-matter interaction. Two-dimensional (2D) morphology of transition metal oxides can be doped with abundant free electrons to facilitate intrinsic plasmonics in visible or near-infrared frequencies, realizing exceptional field confinement and high sensitivity detection of analyte molecules. Gold nanoparticles capped with macrocyclic supramolecules show excellent selectivity to target biomolecules and ultralow limits of detection. Moreover, specially designed microstructured optical fibers are able to achieve high birefringence that can suppress the output inaccuracy induced by polarization crosstalk and meanwhile deliver promising sensitivity. This review aims to reveal and explore the frontiers of such hybrid plasmonic fiber-optic platforms in various sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Qi
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and the Photonics Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore; (M.Q.); (N.M.Y.Z.)
| | - Nancy Meng Ying Zhang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and the Photonics Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore; (M.Q.); (N.M.Y.Z.)
| | - Kaiwei Li
- Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China;
| | - Swee Chuan Tjin
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and the Photonics Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore; (M.Q.); (N.M.Y.Z.)
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and the Photonics Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore; (M.Q.); (N.M.Y.Z.)
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22
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A Dynamic Multi-Swarm Particle Swarm Optimizer for Multi-Objective Optimization of Machining Operations Considering Efficiency and Energy Consumption. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13102616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Facing energy shortage and severe environmental pollution, manufacturing companies need to urgently energy consumption, make rational use of resources and improve economic benefits. This paper formulates a multi-objective optimization model for lathe turning operations which aims to simultaneously minimize energy consumption, machining cost and cutting time. A dynamic multi-swarm particle swarm optimizer (DMS-PSO) is proposed to solve the formulation. A case study is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The results show that the DMS-PSO approach can ensure good convergence and diversity of the solution set. Additionally, the optimal machining parameters are identified by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) and compared with empirical parameters. It is discovered that the optimal parameters obtained from the proposed algorithm outperform the empirical parameters in all three objectives. The research findings shed new light on energy conservation of machining operations.
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23
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Abstract
Developing new thermoelectric materials with high performance can broaden the thermoelectric family and is the key to fulfill extreme condition applications. In this work, we proposed two new high-temperature thermoelectric materials—MgV2O5 and CaV2O5—which are derived from the interface engineered V2O5. The electronic and thermoelectric properties of V2O5, MgV2O5, and CaV2O5 were calculated based on first principles and Boltzmann semi-classical transport equations. It was found that although V2O5 possessed a large Seebeck coefficient, its large band gap strongly limited the electrical conductivity, hence hindering it from being good thermoelectric material. With the intercalation of Mg and Ca atoms into the van der Waals interfaces of V2O5, i.e., forming MgV2O5 and CaV2O5, the electronic band gaps could be dramatically reduced down to below 0.1 eV, which is beneficial for electrical conductivity. In MgV2O5 and CaV2O5, the Seebeck coefficient was not largely affected compared to V2O5. Consequently, the thermoelectric figure of merit was expected to be improved noticeably. Moreover, the intercalation of Mg and Ca atoms into the V2O5 van der Waals interfaces enhanced the anisotropic transport and thus provided a possible way for further engineering of their thermoelectric performance by nanostructuring. Our work provided theoretical guidelines for the improvement of thermoelectric performance in layered oxide materials.
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24
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Ruan L, Zhao Y, Chen Z, Zeng W, Wang S, Liang D, Zhao J. A Self-Powered Flexible Thermoelectric Sensor and Its Application on the Basis of the Hollow PEDOT:PSS Fiber. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12030553. [PMID: 32138271 PMCID: PMC7182963 DOI: 10.3390/polym12030553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The thermoelectric (TE) fiber, based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), which possesses good flexibility, a low cost, good environmental stability and non-toxicity, has attracted more attention due to its promising applications in energy harvesting. This study presents a self-powered flexible sensor based on the TE properties of the hollow PEDOT:PSS fiber. The hollow structure of the fiber was synthesized using traditional wet spinning. The sensor was applied to an application for finger touch, and showed both long-term stability and good reliability towards external force. The sensor had a high scalability and was simple to develop. When figures touched the sensors, a temperature difference of 6 °C was formed between the figure and the outside environment. The summit output voltages of the sensors with 1 to 5 legs gradually increased from 90.8 μV to 404 μV. The time needed for the output voltage to reach 90% of its peak value is only 2.7 s. Five sensors of legs ranging from 1 to 5 were used to assemble the selector. This study may provide a new proposal to produce a self-powered, long-term and stable skin sensor, which is suitable for wearable devices in personal electronic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Ruan
- National Engineering Research Center for Analysis and Application of Agro-Ecological Big Data, Anhui University, No. 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei 230601, China; (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (S.W.)
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Anhui University, No. 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei 230601, China;
- Correspondence: (L.R.); (D.L.); (J.Z.); Tel.:+86-0551-63861722 (L.R., D.L. & J.Z.)
| | - Yanjie Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Analysis and Application of Agro-Ecological Big Data, Anhui University, No. 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei 230601, China; (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (S.W.)
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Anhui University, No. 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei 230601, China;
| | - Zihao Chen
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Anhui University, No. 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei 230601, China;
| | - Wei Zeng
- National Engineering Research Center for Analysis and Application of Agro-Ecological Big Data, Anhui University, No. 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei 230601, China; (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (S.W.)
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Anhui University, No. 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei 230601, China;
| | - Siliang Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Analysis and Application of Agro-Ecological Big Data, Anhui University, No. 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei 230601, China; (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (S.W.)
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Anhui University, No. 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei 230601, China;
| | - Dong Liang
- National Engineering Research Center for Analysis and Application of Agro-Ecological Big Data, Anhui University, No. 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei 230601, China; (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (S.W.)
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Anhui University, No. 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei 230601, China;
- Correspondence: (L.R.); (D.L.); (J.Z.); Tel.:+86-0551-63861722 (L.R., D.L. & J.Z.)
| | - Jinling Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Analysis and Application of Agro-Ecological Big Data, Anhui University, No. 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei 230601, China; (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (S.W.)
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Anhui University, No. 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei 230601, China;
- Correspondence: (L.R.); (D.L.); (J.Z.); Tel.:+86-0551-63861722 (L.R., D.L. & J.Z.)
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25
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Is LiI a Potential Dopant Candidate to Enhance the Thermoelectric Performance in Sb-Free GeTe Systems? A Prelusive Study. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13030643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
As a workable substitute for toxic PbTe-based thermoelectrics, GeTe-based materials are emanating as reliable alternatives. To assess the suitability of LiI as a dopant in thermoelectric GeTe, a prelusive study of thermoelectric properties of GeTe1−xLiIx (x = 0–0.02) alloys processed by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) are presented in this short communication. A maximum thermoelectric figure of merit, zT ~ 1.2, was attained at 773 K for 2 mol% LiI-doped GeTe composition, thanks to the combined benefits of a noted reduction in the thermal conductivity and a marginally improved power factor. The scattering of heat carrying phonons due to the presumable formation of Li-induced “pseudo-vacancies” and nano-precipitates contributed to the conspicuous suppression of lattice thermal conductivity, and consequently boosted the zT of the Sb-free (GeTe)0.98(LiI)0.02 sample when compared to that of pristine GeTe and Sb-rich (GeTe)x(LiSbTe2)2 compounds that were reported earlier.
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