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Zhang T, Sun Y, Feng X, Li J, Zhao W, Xiang G, He L, Zhang S. Construction of MOFs@COFs composite material as stationary phase for efficient separation of diverse organic compounds. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1288:342160. [PMID: 38220292 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.342160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of efficent chromatographic stationary phases (SP) with mixed-mode or multiple interactions in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the separation of complex samples is a challenging task. Metal organic frameworks (MOFs)-based SP can provide desired multiple interactions and enable the separation of a diverse range of solutes, but have limitations of low column efficiency and poor stability. RESULTS Herein, the hybrid MOFs@Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) materials were used as SP in HPLC due to their synergistic structural features. The SiO2@NH2-UiO-66@CTF SP was synthesized by integration of NH2-UiO-66 and covalent triazine framework (CTF) onto silica surface. Due to the unique structure of SiO2@NH2-UiO-66@CTF with hierarchical-pores, this column showed higher column efficiency (up to 49,369 plates m-1 for alkylbenzenes) than the reported columns packed with MOFs-based SP. Owing to the Zr4+-N coordination bonding between CTF and NH2-UiO-66, the structural stability of SiO2@NH2-UiO-66@CTF can be improved. Furthermore, this new column exhibited remarkable column stability with relative standard deviation of retention time of <0.40% after 400 injections. With the combined advantages of multifunctional properties, high column efficiency, and good stability, SiO2@NH2-UiO-66@CTF SP showed excellent selectivity for the separation of a variety of hydrophobic, aromatic, heteroatomic, and hydrophilic analytes. SIGNIFICANCE AND NOVELTY This work not only offers a promising SP with multiple retention mechanisms for HPLC, but also provides an efficient strategy for development of high column efficiency MOFs-based SP with good stability. Moreover, the MOFs@COFs hybrid materials were expanded in application area through this study, and the research results can also afford the foundation for further explore its structural characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Yaming Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cereal and Oil Food Safety Inspection and Control, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China.
| | - Xiaxing Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Jingna Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cereal and Oil Food Safety Inspection and Control, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Guoqiang Xiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cereal and Oil Food Safety Inspection and Control, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Lijun He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cereal and Oil Food Safety Inspection and Control, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China.
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- Center for Modern Analysis and Gene Sequencing, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
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Luo K, Zhao L, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Chen W, Tang S. Hydrophobic/hydrophilic separation performance evaluation of a mixed-mode ionic liquid embedded stearyl thioglycolate functionalized silica stationary phase. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1706:464279. [PMID: 37567003 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a novel imidazolium ionic liquid embedded multifunctional chromatographic stationary phase (Sil-AVI-ST) was synthesized by the radical-mediated thiol-ene click reaction. A wide range of samples including hydrophilic sulfonamides, vitamins and nucleosides/bases as well as hydrophobic phthalates, bisphenols, alkylphenols and steroid hormones were selected to evaluate the separation ability of the newly obtained Sil-AVI-ST. As expected, an efficient separation of the above tested analytes was successfully achieved in different chromatographic modes. It was proved that multiple stationary phase-analyte interaction forces promoted the selective separation. The Sil-AVI-ST column provided multiple retention mechanisms, enabling the efficient separation of diverse analytes with different polarity. More importantly, embedding a polar ligand (1-allyl-3-vinyl-imidazolium) could improve the separation efficiency of long-chain alkyl bonded stationary phases for hydrophilic analytes, and the developed Sil-AVI-ST column could also realize the detection of hydrophobic analytes under water-rich conditions, which is impossible for the conventional hydrophobic columns. Therefore, the newly prepared Sil-AVI-ST stationary phase has a good practical application potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixing Luo
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Lulu Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Yanjuan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Linyi University, Shuangling Road, Linyi 276000, Shandong, China
| | - Yuefei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Sheng Tang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China.
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Chen J, Wang Y, Yu Y, Wang J, Liu J, Ihara H, Qiu H. Composite materials based on covalent organic frameworks for multiple advanced applications. EXPLORATION (BEIJING, CHINA) 2023; 3:20220144. [PMID: 37933382 PMCID: PMC10624394 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20220144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) stand for a class of emerging crystalline porous organic materials, which are ingeniously constructed with organic units through strong covalent bonds. Their excellent design capabilities, and uniform and tunable pore structure make them potential materials for various applications. With the continuous development of synthesis technique and nanoscience, COFs have been successfully combined with a variety of functional materials to form COFs-based composites with superior performance than individual components. This paper offers an overview of the development of different types of COFs-based composites reported so far, with particular focus on the applications of COFs-based composites. Moreover, the challenges and future development prospects of COFs-based composites are presented. We anticipate that the review will provide some inspiration for the further development of COFs-based composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouChina
| | - Yuting Wang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of SciencesNortheastern UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Yongliang Yu
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of SciencesNortheastern UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of SciencesNortheastern UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Juewen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooOntarioCanada
| | - Hirotaka Ihara
- Department of Applied Chemistry and BiochemistryKumamoto UniversityChuo‐kuKumamotoJapan
| | - Hongdeng Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouChina
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Long H, Jiang Y, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Chen W, Tang S. Chromatographic separation performance of silica microspheres surface-modified with triazine-containing imine-linked covalent organic frameworks. Talanta 2023; 260:124589. [PMID: 37126925 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work, 2,4,6-tris(4-aminophenyl)-1,3,5-triazine (TAPT) and 1,3,5-tris(4-formylphenyl)benzene (TFPB) were used as monomers to construct a triazine-containing imine-linked covalent organic framework (COF), which was then bonded onto the surface of aldehydized silica (SiO2-CHO), and finally a COF@silica composite material (TAPT-TFPB COF@SiO2) was successfully prepared. The chromatographic separation performance of SiO2-CHO, TAPT-TFPB COF@SiO2 and TAPT-TFPB COF@SiO2/SiO2-CHO (80/20, mass ratio) was evaluated and compared. It was found that separation efficiency was obviously enhanced by adding an appropriate amount of SiO2-CHO into TAPT-TFPB COF@SiO2. The obtained TAPT-TFPB COF@SiO2/SiO2-CHO showed more favorable separation ability than SiO2-CHO and TAPT-TFPB COF@SiO2. Various aromatic compounds including alkylbenzenes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, environmental endocrine disruptors, foodborne stimulants and phenyl ketones were effectively separated on the TAPT-TFPB COF@SiO2/SiO2-CHO column in reversed phase chromatography mode. The silica microspheres surface-modified with triazine-containing imine-linked COFs proved to be a new type of promising chromatographic packing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Long
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China
| | - Yanhao Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China
| | - Yanjuan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Linyi University, Shuangling Road, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, China
| | - Yuefei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China
| | - Sheng Tang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China.
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Sun Y, Xu Y, Sun Z, Wang C, Wei Y. Effect of stereoconfiguration of aromatic ligands on retention and selectivity of terphenyl isomer-bonded stationary phases. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1698:464005. [PMID: 37087855 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
The structure of ligands has a significant influence on the separation properties of alkyl and aromatic phases in reversed-phase liquid chromatography. Compared with alkyl phases, the effect of stereoconfiguration of aromatic ligands on the retention and selectivity of stationary phases has rarely been addressed. To illustrate the issue, three terphenyl isomer-bonded stationary phases were prepared via the coupling chemistry of isocyanate with terphenyl amine isomers, 3,4-diphenylaniline, 2,4-diphenylaniline and 4-amino-p-terphenyl, respectively. The retention behaviors of stationary phases were assessed in terms of retention strength, selectivity, hydrophobic and π-π interaction by five kinds of solutes. It is found that the selectivity towards the solutes is slightly larger on the branched m-terphenyl-bonded phase (m-π3) than o-terphenyl-bonded phase (o-π3) but is significantly improved on the chain p-terphenyl-bonded phase (p-π3). The results can be interpreted by the ease self-adjustment of the conformation of the chain p-terphenyl ligand and the smaller steric effect of p-π3 towards the insertion of solutes into the ligand brushes. In addition, the p-π3 yields excellent selective separation towards aromatic solutes. These findings are of significance in the design of aromatic stationary phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Yidong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Zhi'an Sun
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Chaozhan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Yinmao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
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6
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Zhang W, Feng Y, Pan L, Zhang G, Guo Y, Zhao W, Xie Z, Zhang S. Silica microparticles modified with ionic liquid bonded chitosan as hydrophilic moieties for preparation of high-performance liquid chromatographic stationary phases. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:176. [PMID: 37022499 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-05755-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Two novel stationary phases, 1-(4-bromobutyl)-3-methylimidazolium bromide bonded chitosan modified silica and 1-(4-bromobutyl)-3-methylimidazolium bromide bonded chitosan derivatized calix[4]arene modified silica stationary phase, were synthesized using 1-(4-bromobutyl)-3-methylimidazolium bromide bonding chitosan as a polarity regulator solving the limitation of the strong hydrophobicity of calixarene in the application of hydrophilic field. The resulting materials were characterized by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier-transform infrared spectra, scanning electron microscopy, elemental analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. Based on the hydrophilicity endowed by 1-(4-bromobutyl)-3-methylimidazolium bromide bonded chitosan, the retention mode of ILC-Sil and ILCC4-Sil could be effectively switched from the hydrophilic mode to a hydrophilic/hydrophobic mixed mode and could simultaneously provide various interactions with solutes, including hydrophilic, π-π, ion-exchange, inclusion, hydrophobic, and electrostatic interactions. On the basis of these interactions, successful separation and higher shape selectivity were achieved among compounds that vary in polarity under both reverse-phase and hydrophilic interactive liquid chromatography conditions. Moreover, the ILCC4-Sil was successfully applied to the determination of morphine in actual samples using solid-phase extraction and mass spectrometry. The LOD and LOQ were 15 pg/mL and 54 pg/mL, respectively. This work presents an exceptionally flexible adjustment strategy for the retention and selectivity of a silica stationary phase by tuning the modification group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfen Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China.
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yumin Feng
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Pan
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangrui Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Guo
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wuduo Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengkun Xie
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China.
- Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Flavour Science Research Center of Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China.
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Sun M, Feng J, Feng Y, Xin X, Ding Y, Sun M. Ionic liquid-functionalized dendrimer grafted silica for mixed-mode chromatographic separation and online solid-phase extraction. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Sun HF, Cui YY, Zhen CQ, Yang CX. Monomer-mediated fabrication of microporous organic network@silica microsphere for reversed-phase/hydrophilic interaction mixed-mode chromatography. Talanta 2023; 251:123763. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Yang Y, Wang J, Liu R, Quan K, Chen J, Liu X, Qiu H. Grafting of Tetraphenylethylene on Silica Surface, Characterizations, and Their Chromatographic Performance as Reversed-Phase Stationary Phases. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:14400-14408. [PMID: 36350796 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Surface modification is an effective way to functionalize the materials so as to get some special properties. Tetraphenylethylene (TPE) has been widely investigated as a well-known reagent which has the nature of aggregation-induced emission (AIE), but has never been reported in the liquid chromatography stationary phase. In this work, TPE-grafted silica (Sil-TPE) was obtained successfully using the derivative of 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,2,2-triphenylethylene as a ligand, and then characterized by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectra, thermogravimetric analysis, and so forth. Laser scanning confocal microscopy images reflected the AIE phenomenon of grafted TPE because the internal vibration and rotation of TPE molecules were restrained in the confined silica space. The contact angle test showed superhydrophobic properties of Sil-TPE. In order to understand thoroughly the mechanism of chromatographic performance and retention behavior for Sil-TPE, Tanaka test mixture, alkylbenzenes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and phenols were separated. This reveals that Sil-TPE has strong aromaticity and certain shape selectivity, especially, has excellent separation performance for PAHs and phenols. The thermodynamic properties and repeatability of Sil-TPE were further studied, which showed the stability of Sil-TPE. This work shows that TPE can be successfully grafted on silica surface and it has the potential to be a new kind of promising stationary phases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou730070, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou730000, China
| | - Juanjuan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou730000, China
| | - Ruirui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources; Key Laboratory of Salt Lake Resources Chemistry of Qinghai Province; Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining810008, China
| | - Kaijun Quan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou730000, China
| | - Jia Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou730000, China
| | - Xiuhui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou730070, China
| | - Hongdeng Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou730000, China
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Jiao P, Zhang X, Wei Y, Wang P. Simulation of Adsorption Process of l-Tryptophan on Mixed-Mode Resin HD-1 with Combined Physical Adsorption and Ion Exchange. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:35331-35338. [PMID: 36211030 PMCID: PMC9535704 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The mass-transfer process of l-tryptophan (l-Trp) in the hydrophobic interaction/ion-exchange mixed-mode resin HD-1 particles and fixed bed was studied experimentally and theoretically. The adsorption kinetics of l-Trp in single-component and multicomponent adsorption systems was investigated under different pH conditions. The co-adsorption of sodium ions (Na+) and l-Trp anions was found to be negligible. A modified liquid-film linear driving force model considering the physical adsorption of l-Trp zwitterions and anions as well as ion exchange of l-Trp cations was proposed. The dissociation equilibria of l-Trp molecules and functional groups on the resin were introduced in the model. The model could well fit the kinetic adsorption curves of l-Trp at different pH values. The presence of Na+ and the impurity amino acid l-glutamic acid (l-Glu) did not significantly affect the mass-transfer rate of l-Trp. The dynamic adsorption processes of l-Trp under different pH and concentration conditions were studied. A modified transport-dispersive model considering axial diffusion, liquid-film mass transfer, and a combined physical adsorption and ion-exchange equilibrium was established, which could predict the adsorption breakthrough curves of l-Trp well. During the dynamic adsorption process, the pH of mobile phase in the fixed bed changed with changing the l-Trp concentration in the mobile phase. l-Trp was well separated from Na+ and l-Glu with the purity of l-Trp higher than 99%, the recovery rate higher than 95%, and a concentration of 4.69 × 10-3 mol/L. The elution chromatographic peaks of l-Trp, l-Glu, and Na+ and the pH of the outlet solution were predicted satisfactorily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Jiao
- . Phone +86-0377-63513605. Fax: +86-0377-63512517
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Selective Detection of Nucleotides in Infant Formula Using an N-Rich Covalent Triazine Porous Polymer. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12132213. [PMID: 35808047 PMCID: PMC9268561 DOI: 10.3390/nano12132213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The aromatic structure and the rich nitrogen content of polymers based on covalent triazine-based frameworks (CTF) and their unique hydrophilic-lipophilic-balanced adsorption properties make them promising candidates for an adsorbent that can be used for sample pretreatment. Herein, a new covalent triazine-based framework (CTF-DBF) synthesized by a Friedel−Crafts reaction was used for the determination of the content of nucleotides in commercial infant formula. It was shown that the synthetic materials had an amorphous microporous structure, a BET surface area of up to 595.59 m2/g, and 0.39 nm and 0.54 nm micropores. The versatile adsorption properties of this material were evaluated by quantum chemistry theory calculations and batch adsorption experiments using five nucleotides as probes. The quantum chemistry results demonstrated that CTF-DBF can participate in multiple interactions with nucleotides. All the analyses performed present good linearity with R2 > 0.9993. The detection limits of targets ranged from 0.3 to 0.5 mg/kg, the spiked recoveries were between 85.8 and 105.3% and the relative standard deviations (RSD, n = 6) were between 1.1 and 4.5%. All these results suggest that this versatile CTF-DBF has great potential for sample pretreatment.
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Mondal J, Sivaramakrishna A. Functionalized Triazines and Tetrazines: Synthesis and Applications. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2022; 380:34. [PMID: 35737142 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-022-00385-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The molecules possessing triazine and tetrazine moieties belong to a special class of heterocyclic compounds. Both triazines and tetrazines are building blocks and have provided a new dimension to the design of biologically important organic molecules. Several of their derivatives with fine-tuned electronic properties have been identified as multifunctional, adaptable, switchable, remarkably antifungal, anticancer, antiviral, antitumor, cardiotonic, anti-HIV, analgesic, anti-protozoal, etc. The objective of this review is to comprehensively describe the recent developments in synthesis, coordination properties, and various applications of triazine and tetrazine molecules. The rich literature demonstrates various synthetic routes for a variety of triazines and tetrazines through microwave-assisted, solid-phase, metal-based, [4+2] cycloaddition, and multicomponent one-pot reactions. Synthetic approaches contain linear, angular, and fused triazine and tetrazine heterocycles through a combinatorial method. Notably, the triazines and tetrazines undergo a variety of organic transformations, including electrophilic addition, coupling, nucleophilic displacement, and intramolecular cyclization. The mechanistic aspects of these heterocycles are discussed in a detailed way. The bioorthogonal application of these polyazines with various strained alkenes and alkynes provides a new prospect for investigations in chemical biology. This review systematically encapsulates the recent developments and challenges in the synthesis and possible potential applications of various triazine and tetrazine systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joydip Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632 014, India
| | - Akella Sivaramakrishna
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632 014, India.
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Fan C, Chen J, Li H, Quan K, Qiu H. Preparation and evaluation of two silica-based hydrophilic-hydrophobic and acid-base balanced stationary phases via in-situ surface polymerization. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1667:462912. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.462912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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14
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Guo Y. A Survey of Polar Stationary Phases for Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography and Recent Progress in Understanding Retention and Selectivity. Biomed Chromatogr 2022; 36:e5332. [PMID: 35001408 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Various polar stationary phases have become available for hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) and help drive continuous applications in biomedical, environmental and pharmaceutical areas in the past decade. Although the stationary phases for HILIC have been reviewed previously, it is an appropriate time to take another look at the progresses during the past five years. The current review provides an overview of the polar stationary phases commercially available for HILIC applications in an effort to assist scientists in selecting suitable columns. New types of stationary phase that were published in literature in the past five years are summarized and discussed. The trend in stationary phase research and development is also highlighted. Of particular interest is the experimental evidence for direct interactions of polar analytes with the ligands of the stationary phases under HILIC conditions. In addition, two different approaches have been developed to delineate the relative significance of the partitioning and adsorption mechanisms in HILIC, representing an important advancement in our understanding of the retention mechanisms in HILIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Guo
- School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Fairleigh Dickinson University, New Jersey, USA
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15
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Liu D, Wang H, Liang M, Nie Y, Liu Y, Yin M, Qiao X. Polymerized phosphonium ionic liquid functionalized silica microspheres as mixed-mode stationary phase for liquid chromatographic separation of phospholipids. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1660:462676. [PMID: 34814089 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
There is a large and growing demand for the vigorous development of new high performance liquid chromatography stationary phases in order to solve complex phospholipids separation. Herein, phosphonium-based ionic liquid trioctyl(allyl)phosphonium bromide ([P888Allyl]Br) was first synthesized with trioctylphosphine and allyl bromide. With [P888Allyl]Br as the polymerizable monomer, polymerized phosphonium ionic liquid functionalized silica microsphere (PIL@SiO2) was further synthetized via click chemistry reaction. Significantly, based on the inherent amphiphilic nature of the introduced [P888Allyl]Br, the packed PIL@SiO2 column displayed hydrophilic/hydrophobic mixed-mode retention mechanisms. The PIL@SiO2 column can achieve separation of nucleic acid bases and nucleosides, sulfonamides, amides and anilines with excellent selectivity in a shorter separation time. The column efficiency reached 109,700 N/m for 2-iodoacetamide. One of the important characteristics of the PIL@SiO2 column is that both phospholipid classes and species can be efficiently separated via the same column, outperforming that of the commercial amino column. Furthermore, the application potential of the PIL@SiO2 column was further verified via separation of phospholipids extracted from soy lecithin. The proposed PIL@SiO2 column provides a promising candidate for separation of complex phospholipid samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delu Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Mengying Liang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yangyang Nie
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Mingyuan Yin
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, College of Public Health, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Qiao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
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16
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Zhong Z, Chu Z, Dong Z, Zhang W, Zhang L. The separation characteristics and performance evaluation of the silica-based poly(pentabromostyrene) stationary phase in capillary electrochromatography. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:5764-5771. [PMID: 34816827 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01594j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A mixed-mode capillary column packed with silica-based poly(pentabromostyrene) particles (denoted as SiO2@pPBS) was prepared and applied to capillary electrochromatography (CEC) separation. With the presence of benzene rings and bromine atoms in polymer chains, the SiO2@pPBS column provides a reversed-phase/hydrophilic mixed-mode retention mechanism owing to hydrophilic, hydrophobic and π-π interactions between the stationary phase and various analytes, including alkylbenzenes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, nucleosides, phenols and anilines. In CEC mode, the separation behavior of charged solutes is not only related to the interaction with the stationary phase, but also influenced by electrophoretic effects, which may lead to different selectivities compared to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A column efficiency of up to 1.22 × 105 N m-1 was achieved for p-chloroaniline. Besides, the RSDs of retention time of anilines for run to run (n = 5), day to day (n = 5) and column to column (n = 3) were all less than 4.4%. Finally, the SiO2@pPBS capillary column was applied to the separation of coking wastewater with satisfactory results. All the results demonstrated that the SiO2@pPBS capillary packed column with RP/HILIC mixed-mode has great application potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Zhong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Zhanying Chu
- Technology Innovation Center of Mass Spectrometry for State Market Regulation, Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Ziyi Dong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Weibing Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Lingyi Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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17
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Fan F, Lu X, Wang L, Liang X, Guo Y. Hydrogel Coating with Temperature Response Retention Behavior and Its Application in Selective Separation of Liquid Chromatography. Anal Chem 2021; 93:16017-16024. [PMID: 34817981 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We reporte the double-layer hydrogel-coated mesoporous silica material as a new stationary phase for liquid chromatography. The method of combining physical coating and chemical coating was to apply hydrogel coating on the surface of silica, and finally, a new type of liquid chromatography stationary phase with in situ coating of the functional hydrogel on silica was obtained. This hydrogel-functionalized liquid chromatography stationary phase also exhibits a certain temperature responsiveness. Experimental results show that this temperature response is mainly due to changes in the hydrogen bonding between the stationary phase and the analyte at different temperatures in the column oven, which leads to changes in retention behavior. The hydrogel-coated mesoporous silica microspheres showed excellent selectivity for many polar analytes. An excellent column efficiency was obtained (139 000 plates/m for terephthalic acid) after optimization of chromatographic conditions. In addition to rapid separation of some analytes, this new hydrogel stationary phase also has certain superiority in chromatographic performance compared with other new excellent liquid chromatography stationary phases functioned by three-dimensional cross-linking systems. The important thing is that this strategy is relatively easy to prepare a new stationary phase with different properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangbin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaofeng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Licheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaojing Liang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
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18
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Zheng Y, Wan M, Zhou J, Dai X, Yang H, Xia Z, Wang L. One-pot method for the synthesis of β-cyclodextrin and covalent organic framework functionalized chiral stationary phase with mixed-mode retention mechanism. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1662:462731. [PMID: 34915189 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
As a welcomed porous material, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have many advantages and are widely used in various aspects. Particularly, COFs have aroused great attentions of scientists in chromatographic separation field due to their outstanding advantages, such as high stability, large specific surface area and multiple voids. However, endowing COFs with chirality to construct chiral stationary phase (CSP) function is still facing many challenges. Here, we firstly prepared a β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and covalent organic framework functional silica CSP named as COF@CD@SiO2 by one-pot method to perform high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) chiral separation. The morphology and structure of the synthesized stationary phase were investigated by a variety of characterization methods including Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), N2 adsorption experiment, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and elemental analysis (EA). The prepared stationary phase realized fast separation of six enantiomers in a short time. The separation mechanism was mainly ascribed to the inclusion complexation of β-cyclodextrin and the mutli-interaction sites from COFs material. In conclusion, the prepared chiral column can be used to achieve fast separation of enantiomers with good stability and reproducibility. These results can open new avenue for using chiral COFs in liquid chromatographic separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchao Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Meijun Wan
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Jingqiu Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Xuemei Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Honglin Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Zhining Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Lujun Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiovascular Research of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.
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19
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Mesoporous nanomaterial-assisted hydrogel double network composite for mixed-mode liquid chromatography. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:433. [PMID: 34825998 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-05094-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
By introducing functional groups such as quaternary amine groups, sulfonic acid groups, triazine groups, and other mespore nanomaterials into the hydrogel, better separation effect of some organic framework materials has been obtained. Due to a reasonable design and preparation strategy, the hydrogel composite-modified silica can be used in the selective separation of various analytes such as pesticides, alkylbenzenes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, nucleosides/bases, benzoic acids, antibiotics, and carbohydrates. Through the exploration of chromatographic retention behavior, it is proved that the column can be used in mixed-mode liquid chromatography. The intra-day relative standard deviation for retention time of this new stationary phase is 0.12-0.16% (n = 10), and the inter-day relative standard deviation is less than 0.39% (n = 5). This new stationary phase can also be used for separation in complex samples. The limit of detection (LOD) for chlorotoluron in farm irrigation water is 0.21 µg/L and the linear range is 2-250 µg/L. After optimizing the chromatographic conditions, the highest efficiency of the hydrogel column in RPLC and HILIC modes has reached 32,400 plates/m (chlorobenzuron) and 41,300 plates/m (galactose). This new type of hydrogel composite is a porous network material with flexible functional design and simple preparation method and its application has been expanded in liquid chromatography separation successfully. The hydrogel composed of triallyl cyanate cross-linking agent and 3-(2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl) dimethylamine) propane-1-sulfonate (SBMA) monomer which were co-modified on the surface of mesoporous silica with MOF-919 for separation in mixed-mode liquid chromatography.
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20
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Si T, Wang S, Zhang H, Lu X, Wang L, Liang X, Guo Y. An alternative strategy to construct uniform MOFs-Grafted silica core-shell composites as mixed-mode stationary phase for chromatography separation. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1183:338942. [PMID: 34627530 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of the metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)@silica core-shell microspheres as the stationary phases mainly relied on the method of electrostatic interaction between the metal ions of MOFs and the silanol groups. Herein, the ligands of MOFs were preferentially modified to the surface of silica as connection points and seed crystals to connect or form the MOFs. In this way, the evenness of the MOFs particles on the silica surface was effectively improved, and the prepared composites possessed excellent reproducibility and stability, including acid-base stability. The relative standard deviation of the retention time for repeatability ranged from 0.1% to 0.26% and for stability retention time from 0.3% to 0.6%. Compared with commercial columns, the prepared stationary phase showed enhanced separation selectivity for separation of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds containing alkaloids, nucleosides, antibiotics and alkylbenzenes, etc. The obtained column was used as a matrix for fast separation and analysis of antibiotics in actual samples. In short, the composites showed superior reproducibility, stability and satisfactory separation performance towards a variety of compounds in the studied conditions. It also provided another way to improve the evenness of MOFs particles on the surface of silica and enhance the stability of them under polar conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Si
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Haixia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Xiaofeng Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Licheng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Xiaojing Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China.
| | - Yong Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China.
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21
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Fan C, Liu B, Li H, Quan K, Chen J, Qiu H. N-Vinyl pyrrolidone and undecylenic acid copolymerized on silica surface as mixed-mode stationary phases for reversed-phase and hydrophilic interaction chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1655:462534. [PMID: 34509123 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this work, three new mixed-mode stationary phases were prepared, based on different ratio of N-vinyl pyrrolidone (NVP) copolymerized together with undecylenic acid (UA) on silica microspheres surface without silanization, which named Sil@NVPUA series. The combination of NVP and UA rendered the Sil@NVPUA suitable for reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC), and shown excellent methyl, planar, isomers and ion selectivity. Five types of model analytes including eight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, six alkylbenzenes, eight nucleosides and nucleobases, seven ginsenosides and five oxazolidinones can be well separated on this stationary phase. The preparation method of NVP and UA modified silica-based stationary phase is simple, and it also provides a new idea for the design of synthetic polymers to develop mixed-mode chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hui Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Kaijun Quan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jia Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hongdeng Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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22
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Li C, Li H, Li C, Ren X, Yang Q. One-pot synthesis of mesosilica/nano covalent organic polymer composites and their synergistic effect in photocatalysis. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(21)63812-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Chen J, Peng H, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Ni R, Chen Y, Chen P, Peng J. Facile fabrication of silica@covalent organic polymers core-shell composites as the mixed-mode stationary phase for hydrophilic interaction/reversed-phase/ion-exchange chromatography. Talanta 2021; 233:122524. [PMID: 34215027 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Covalent organic polymers (COPs) are a promising class of cross-linked polymeric networks that attracted extensive attention in separation and analysis fields. Exploring facile and convenient strategy to prepare COPs-based mixed-mode stationary phases for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has seriously lagged and has never been reported. Herein, we describe a facile in-situ grow strategy for fabrication of silica@COPs core-shell composites (SiO2@TpBD-(OH)2) as a novel mixed-mode stationary phase for HPLC. Owing to the co-existing of abundant hydroxyl, carbonyl, imine, cyclohexyl groups, and benzene rings in the skeleton of COPs shell, the developed mixed-mode stationary phase exhibits hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC)/reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC)/ion-exchange chromatography (IEX) retention mechanisms. The content of acetonitrile, pH value, and salt concentration in the mobile phase were investigated on SiO2@TpBD-(OH)2 packed column. In comparison to conventional single-mode columns, the SiO2@TpBD-(OH)2 column showed flexible selectivity, enhanced separation performance, and superior resolution for benzene homologues, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, nucleosides and bases, and acidic organic compounds. The column efficiency of p-nitrobenzoic acid was up to 54440 plates per meter. The packed column also possessed outstanding chromatographic repeatability for six nucleosides and bases with the RSDs of 0.07-0.23%, 0.58-1.77%, and 0.31-1.23% for retention time, peak area, and peak height, respectively. Besides, the SiO2@TpBD-(OH)2 column offered baseline separation of multiple organic pollutants in lake water, which verified its great potential in real sample analysis. Overall, the silica@COPs core-shell composites not only provide a new candidate of mixed-mode stationary phases, but also extend the potential application of COPs in separation science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637002, China
| | - Huanjun Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zilong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zhongying Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Ranxi Ni
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yaping Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Piao Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jingdong Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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24
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[Preparation of melamine-functionalized porous organic polymer and its adsorption properties for methyl orange]. Se Pu 2021; 39:998-1005. [PMID: 34486839 PMCID: PMC9404000 DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1123.2021.06016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, a polymer precursor was first synthesized using p-terphenyl (TP) and terephthaloyl chloride (TC) as monomers. Then, cross-linking was realized by means of a Schiff base reaction with melamine (MA) as a modifier to obtain an amine-functionalized porous organic polymer TP-TC-MA. The synthesized polymers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and point of zero charge (pHpzc) measurements, as well as on the basis of nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. Adsorption experiments were carried out to evaluate the adsorption properties of TP-TC-MA for methyl orange (MO), a typical anionic azo dye that has widespread industrial application. The amount of MO adsorbed on TP-TC-MA was evaluated by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy at a wavelength of 463 nm. Microscopic analysis revealed that the as-synthesized polymer had an aggregated particle-shaped structure. XRD spectra confirmed that TP-TC-MA was an amorphous polymer, consistent with the results of high-resolution TEM experiments. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific surface area and total pore volume of TP-TC-MA were determined as 708.5 m 2/g and 0.556 cm3/g, respectively. The measured pHpzc of TP-TC-MA was 4.0, probably because of the abundant nitrogen-containing groups provided by MA. The factors affecting adsorption, such as pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial pollutant concentration, and ionic strength, were investigated. Because of the protonation of the N-atom in TP-TC-MA, the pH had a strong impact on the adsorption of MO. The removal efficiency could be maximized at the optimized pH of 3.0. The adsorption equilibrium isotherm, measured at 25 ℃ and a concentration of 50-500 mg/L, showed that the MO adsorption over TP-TC-MA followed the Langmuir isotherm, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 156.3 mg/g. The modeling of the experimental adsorption data was consistent with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, which indicated fast adsorption and chemisorption as the dominant mechanism. With increasing ionic strength, the adsorption of MO slightly decreased, suggesting a partial antagonistic ion effect. Results of the selectivity study revealed that TP-TC-MA was more selective toward MO than methylene blue (MB), which indicated that electrostatic interactions played a significant role during the adsorption progress. Five adsorption-desorption cycles showed that TP-TC-MA could be regenerated without significant deterioration of its adsorption efficiency, indicating that it has good stability and reusability. The observed adsorption performance indicated that this MA-modified porous organic polymer offers prospects for further research and application in the treatment of dye-containing wastewaters.
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Wu C, Ning X, Chen X, Ma J, Zhao Q, Zhao L, Zhu G, Shi S. Multi-functional porous organic polymers for highly-efficient solid-phase extraction of β-agonists and β-blockers in milk. RSC Adv 2021; 11:28925-28933. [PMID: 35478535 PMCID: PMC9038154 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04481h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple, accurate, and highly sensitive analytical method was developed in this study for the determination of ten β-agonists and five β-blockers in milk. In this method, new adsorbent phosphonic acid-functionalized porous organic polymers were synthesized through a direct knitting method. The synthesis procedure of the materials and the extraction conditions (such as the composition of loading buffer and eluent) were optimized. Benefitting from the high surface area (545–804 m2 g−1), multiple functional framework and good porosity, the phosphonic acid-functionalized porous organic polymers showed a high adsorption rate and high adsorption capacity for β-agonists (224 mg g−1 and 171 mg g−1 for clenbuterol and ractopamine, respectively). The analytes were quantified by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry. It showed a good linearity (with R2 ranging from 0.9950 to 0.9991 in the linear range of 3–5 orders of magnitude), with low limits of quantification ranging from 0.05 to 0.25 ng g−1. The limits of detection of the method for the analytes were measured to be in the range of 0.02 to 0.1 ng g−1. The recoveries of target analytes from real samples on the material were in the range of 62.4–119.4% with relative standard deviations of 0.6–12.1% (n = 4). Moreover, good reproducibility of the method was obtained with the interday RSD being lower than 11.7% (n = 5) and intraday RSD lower than 12.2% (n = 4). The proposed method was accurate, reliable and convenient for the simultaneous analysis of multiple β-agonists and β-blockers. Finally, the method was successfully applied for the analysis of such compounds in milk samples. Novel phosphonic acid-functionalized porous organic polymers were synthesized through direct knitting method. It shows high adsorption efficiency and high adsorption capacity for multiple β-agonists and β-blockers analysis.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ci Wu
- Liaoning Academy of Inspection and Quarantine Dalian 116000 China .,Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Technology Centre of Dalian Customs District Washington DC 20057 USA
| | - Xingshuang Ning
- Technology Centre of Dalian Customs District Dalian 116600 China
| | - Xi Chen
- Technology Centre of Dalian Customs District Dalian 116600 China
| | - Junfeng Ma
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Technology Centre of Dalian Customs District Washington DC 20057 USA
| | - Qun Zhao
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Li Zhao
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Guozhi Zhu
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Song Shi
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
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Kujawa J, Al-Gharabli S, Muzioł TM, Knozowska K, Li G, Dumée LF, Kujawski W. Crystalline porous frameworks as nano-enhancers for membrane liquid separation – Recent developments. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Zheng Q, He Y, Ma W, Wu Y, Chen Z, Wang R, Tong W, Lin Z. Facile synthesis of spherical covalent organic frameworks as stationary phases for short-column liquid chromatography. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:7501-7504. [PMID: 34259250 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03182a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Micron-sized spherical covalent organic frameworks (SCOFs) with tunable sizes, narrow size distribution, and significant mono-dispersity were simply synthesized at room temperature. Thanks to their high specific surface areas, high chemical and mechanical stability, the SCOFs were used for the first time as stationary phases for high-efficiency separation of various small molecules and protein digests via short-column liquid chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China.
| | - Yanting He
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China.
| | - Wende Ma
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China.
| | - Yijing Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China.
| | - Zihan Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China.
| | - Ran Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China.
| | - Wei Tong
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China.
| | - Zian Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China.
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Zheng Y, Wan M, Zhou J, Luo Q, Gao D, Fu Q, Zeng J, Zu F, Wang L. Striped covalent organic frameworks modified stationary phase for mixed mode chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1649:462186. [PMID: 34034102 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have showed expected potential in chromatographic separation due to unique structure and excellent performance. Nowadays, COF materials applied as chromatographic stationary phases is still in its infancy. Here, we modified COF materials on silica using benzene-1,4,5-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PMDA) and 1,3,5-tris-(4-aminophenyl)triazine (TAPT) monomers by one-pot synthetic method for performing mixed-mode function, named as SiO2@COF. Five characterization methods including thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), elemental analysis (EA) and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) verified the morphology, structure characteristics and physicochemical properties of the materials. SiO2@COF for performing the separation of polar and nonpolar analytes on high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) achieved the desired results. Retention mechanisms of the constructed SiO2@COF were researched via observing the effects of mobile phase with retention times. Results exhibited that the prepared stationary phase can provide various interaction modes, including hydrophobic, hydrophilic, hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions. In conclusion, the prepared SiO2@COF stationary phase can execute mixed-mode separation abilities and show potential for complex samples analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchao Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Meijun Wan
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Jingqiu Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Qiurong Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Die Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Qifeng Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Fengjiao Zu
- School of Nursing, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Lujun Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwes Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China,; Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiovascular Research of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China.
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Sun M, Han S, Feng J, Li C, Ji X, Feng J, Sun H. Recent Advances of Triazine-Based Materials for Adsorbent Based Extraction Techniques. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2021; 379:24. [PMID: 33945059 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-021-00336-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review mainly focused on the synthesis and properties of triazine-based materials as well as the state-of-the-art development of these materials in adsorption-based extraction techniques in the past 5 years, such as solid-phase extraction, magnetic solid-phase extraction, solid-phase microextraction and stir bar sorptive extraction, and the detection of various pollutants, including metal ions, drugs, estrogens, nitroaromatics, pesticides, phenols, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and parabens. In the triazine-functionalized composites, triazine-based polymers and covalent triazine frameworks have been developed as the adsorbents with potential for environmental pollutants, mainly relying on the large surface area and the affinity of triazinyl groups with the targets. Triazine-based adsorbents have satisfactory sensitivity and selectivity towards different types of analytes, attributed from various mechanisms including π-π, electrostatics, hydrogen bonds, and hydrophobic and hydrophilic effects. The prospects of the materials for adsorption-based extraction were also presented, which can offer an outlook for the further development and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Sun
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction and Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, People's Republic of China.
| | - Sen Han
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction and Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Juanjuan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction and Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunying Li
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction and Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangping Ji
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction and Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqing Feng
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction and Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Haili Sun
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction and Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, People's Republic of China
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Kou X, Tong L, Huang S, Chen G, Zhu F, Ouyang G. Recent advances of covalent organic frameworks and their application in sample preparation of biological analysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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31
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Liu M, Jing Y, Zhang L, Zhou Y, Yan H, Song Y, Qiao X. MOF-74@SiO 2 core-shell stationary phase: Preparation and its applications for mixed-mode chromatographic separation. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1163:122506. [PMID: 33388523 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The development of versatile mixed-mode stationary phase materials is of important meanings for solving the increasing demands for real sample analysis. Herein, with 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid as the organic ligand and nickel as the metal centre, MOF-74 nanocrystal materials were facilely grafted on the surface of carboxyl-functionalized silica gel via layer-by-layer assembling technique. The structures of the monodisperse MOF-74@SiO2 material were proved by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller specific surface area and pore size analyzer, respectively. Because the introduced 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid is of hydrophilic carboxyl and hydroxyl groups, the packed MOF-74@SiO2 column reveals hydrophilic interaction/reversed-phase mixed-mode retention properties. Compared with commercial C8 column or silica-based column, the MOF-74@SiO2 column shows distrinct separation selectivity in short separation time for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, phenolic compounds and polar sulfonamide compounds. The developed MOF-74@SiO2 column was further successfully applied for the separation and detection of illegal addition of glucocorticoid in children's face cream as well as sulfonamides veterinary drug residues in pure milk. The research provides a simple and convenient approach to prepare multifunctional MOFs-based stationary phase materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchen Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yanyan Jing
- Department of Cardiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shangdong 264000, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yufeng Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Hongyuan Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Yali Song
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Qiao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
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32
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Hu K, Cheng J, Zhang W, Pang T, Wu X, Zhang Z, Huang Y, Zhao W, Zhang S. Simultaneous extraction of diverse organic pollutants from environmental water using a magnetic covalent organic framework composite. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1140:132-144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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33
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Sun DW, Huang L, Pu H, Ma J. Introducing reticular chemistry into agrochemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 50:1070-1110. [PMID: 33236735 DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00829b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
For survival and quality of life, human society has sought more productive, precise, and sustainable agriculture. Agrochemistry, which solves farming issues in a chemical manner, is the core engine that drives the evolution of modern agriculture. To date, agrochemistry has utilized chemical technologies in the form of pesticides, fertilizers, veterinary drugs and various functional materials to meet fundamental demands from human society, while increasing the socio-ecological consequences due to inefficient use. Thus, more useful, precise, and designable scaffolding materials are required to support sustainable agrochemistry. Reticular chemistry, which weaves molecular units into frameworks, has been applied in many fields based on two cutting-edge porous framework materials, namely metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent-organic frameworks (COFs). With flexibility in composition, structure, and pore chemistry, MOFs and COFs have shown increasing functionalities associated with agrochemistry in the last decade, potentially introducing reticular chemistry as a highly accessible chemical toolbox into agrochemical technologies. In this critical review, we will demonstrate how reticular chemistry shapes the future of agrochemistry in the fields of farm sensing, agro-ecological preservation and reutilization, agrochemical formulations, smart indoor farming, agrobiotechnology, and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Wen Sun
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
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34
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Fan C, Tang H, Wang L, Li Y, Wang X, Wang S, Liang X. The preparation of a core–shell stationary phase by the in situ polymerization of a hydrophilic polymer on the surface of silica and its chromatographic performance. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj01197e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A method for the in situ polymerization of polymers on a silica surface was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou
- China
| | - Hao Tang
- Department of Pharmacy
- Gansu Provincial Hospital
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - Licheng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou
- China
| | - Yijing Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou
- China
| | - Xusheng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou
- China
| | - Shuai Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou
- China
| | - Xiaojing Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou
- China
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