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Wang W, Fu Q, Ge J, Xu S, Liu Q, Zhang J, Shan H. Advancements in Thermal Insulation through Ceramic Micro-Nanofiber Materials. Molecules 2024; 29:2279. [PMID: 38792141 PMCID: PMC11124260 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Ceramic fibers have the advantages of high temperature resistance, light weight, favorable chemical stability and superior mechanical vibration resistance, which make them widely used in aerospace, energy, metallurgy, construction, personal protection and other thermal protection fields. Further refinement of the diameter of conventional ceramic fibers to microns or nanometers could further improve their thermal insulation performance and realize the transition from brittleness to flexibility. Processing traditional two-dimensional (2D) ceramic fiber membranes into three-dimensional (3D) ceramic fiber aerogels could further increase porosity, reduce bulk density, and reduce solid heat conduction, thereby improving thermal insulation performance and expanding application areas. Here, a comprehensive review of the newly emerging 2D ceramic micro-nanofiber membranes and 3D ceramic micro-nanofiber aerogels is demonstrated, starting from the presentation of the thermal insulation mechanism of ceramic fibers, followed by the summary of 2D ceramic micro-nanofiber membranes according to different types, and then the generalization of the construction strategies for 3D ceramic micro-nanofiber aerogels. Finally, the current challenges, possible solutions, and future prospects of ceramic micro-nanofiber materials are comprehensively discussed. We anticipate that this review could provide some valuable insights for the future development of ceramic micro-nanofiber materials for high temperature thermal insulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Wang
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (W.W.); (Q.F.); (J.G.); (S.X.); (J.Z.)
| | - Qiuxia Fu
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (W.W.); (Q.F.); (J.G.); (S.X.); (J.Z.)
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Jianlong Ge
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (W.W.); (Q.F.); (J.G.); (S.X.); (J.Z.)
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Sijun Xu
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (W.W.); (Q.F.); (J.G.); (S.X.); (J.Z.)
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Qixia Liu
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (W.W.); (Q.F.); (J.G.); (S.X.); (J.Z.)
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Junxiong Zhang
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (W.W.); (Q.F.); (J.G.); (S.X.); (J.Z.)
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Haoru Shan
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (W.W.); (Q.F.); (J.G.); (S.X.); (J.Z.)
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
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Zhang X, Yu J, Zhao C, Si Y. Elastic SiC Aerogel for Thermal Insulation: A Systematic Review. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2311464. [PMID: 38511588 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
SiC aerogels with their lightweight nature and exceptional thermal insulation properties have emerged as the most ideal materials for thermal protection in hypersonic vehicles; However, conventional SiC aerogels are prone to brittleness and mechanical degradation when exposed to complex loads such as shock and mechanical vibration. Hence, preserving the structural integrity of aerogels under the combined influence of thermal and mechanical external forces is crucial not only for stabling their thermal insulation performance but also for determining their practicality in harsh environments. This review focuses on the optimization of design based on the structure-performance of SiC aerogels, providing a comprehensive review of the inherent correlations among structural stability, mechanical properties, and insulation performance. First, the thermal transfer mechanism of aerogels from a microstructural perspective is studied, followed by the relationship between the building blocks of SiC aerogels (0D particles, 1D nanowires/nanofibers) and their compression performance (including compressive resilience, compressive strength, and fatigue resistance). Moreover, the strategy to improve the high-temperature oxidation resistance and insulation performance of SiC aerogels is explored. Lastly, the challenges and future breakthrough directions for SiC aerogels are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Jianyong Yu
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 200051, China
| | - Cunyi Zhao
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 200051, China
| | - Yang Si
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 200051, China
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Wang J, Cheng L, Ye F, Zhao K. Amorphous/Nanocrystalline, Lightweight, Wave-Transparent Boron Nitride Nanobelt Aerogel for Thermal Insulation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:47405-47414. [PMID: 37769167 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
At present, the new generation of aircraft is developing in the direction of high speed, long endurance, high mobility, and repeatability. Some studies have shown that the surface temperature of the radome can reach even 1800 °C as the flight speed of the aircraft increases. However, the antenna inside the radome cannot serve at this temperature. Consequently, a thermal insulation system with electromagnetic wave-transparent ability and high-temperature resistance is urgently needed to protect the antenna from working normally. An aerogel material is known as "solid smoke," with the lowest density currently. Because of its high porosity (>90%) and the characteristics of nanopore size, its application in the field of thermal insulation always draws the attention of researchers. In this work, a novel amorphous/nanocrystalline boron nitride (BN) nanobelt aerogel was synthesized successfully. The BN aerogel shows lightweight (18 mg/cm3), good thermal stability (1400 °C under an inert atmosphere and 750 °C under an air atmosphere), wideband wave-transparent performance (dielectric constant of 1.03 and dielectric loss of 0.016 at 4-18 GHz), and thermal insulation property (43 mW/(m·K) at room temperature and 73 mW/(m·K) at 600 °C). The BN aerogel is a suitable candidate as an electromagnetic wave-transparent thermal insulator and fire-resistant material. What is more, the structural stability of the BN aerogel is good (Young's modulus remains basically constant during the fatigue tests), and the energy loss coefficient (∼0.56) is high; it also has the potential to be a mechanical energy dissipative material. The study on the amorphous/nanocrystalline BN nanobelt aerogel provides a new idea for structure design and performance optimization of a high-temperature electromagnetic functional insulation material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junheng Wang
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Laifei Cheng
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Fang Ye
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
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Li F, Song J, Niu Y, Zhang H, Niederberger M, Cheng W. Superelastic Cobalt Silicate@Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Core-Shell Nanobelt Aerogel Monoliths with Outstanding Fire Retardant and Thermal Insulating Capability. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2302724. [PMID: 37632322 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The practical applications of resorcinol formaldehyde resin (RFR) aerogels are prevented by their poor mechanical properties. Herein, a facile template-directed method is reported to produce macroscopic free-standing cobalt silicate (CS)@RFR core-shell nanobelt aerogels that display superelastic behavior and outstanding thermal insulating and fire-resistant capability. The synthesis relies on the polymerization of RFR on pre-formed CS nanobelts which leads to in situ formation of hydrogel monoliths that can be transformed to corresponding aerogels by a freeze-drying method. The composite nanobelt aerogel can withstand a compressive load of more than 4000 times of its own weight and fully recover after the removal of the weight. It can also sustain 1000 compressive cycles with 6.9% plastic deformation and 91.8% of the maximum stress remaining, with a constant energy loss coefficient as low as 0.16, at the set strain of 30%. The extraordinary mechanical properties are believed to be associated with the structural flexibility of the nanobelts and the RFR-reinforced joints between the crosslinked nanobelts. These inorganic-organic composite aerogels also show good thermal insulation and excellent fire-proof capability. This work provides an effective strategy for fabricating superelastic RFR-based aerogels which show promising applications in fields such as thermal insulation, energy storage, and catalyst support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuzhong Li
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Engineering for High Performance Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, 422 Siming South Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen, 361005, China
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics Fibers (Xiamen University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Jiabei Song
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Engineering for High Performance Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, 422 Siming South Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yutong Niu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Engineering for High Performance Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, 422 Siming South Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Hewei Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Engineering for High Performance Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, 422 Siming South Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Markus Niederberger
- Laboratory for Multifunctional Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, Zurich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Wei Cheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Engineering for High Performance Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, 422 Siming South Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen, 361005, China
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics Fibers (Xiamen University), Ministry of Education, China
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Zhuang L, Lu D, Zhang J, Guo P, Su L, Qin Y, Zhang P, Xu L, Niu M, Peng K, Wang H. Highly cross-linked carbon tube aerogels with enhanced elasticity and fatigue resistance. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3178. [PMID: 37264018 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38664-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon aerogels are elastic, mechanically robust and fatigue resistant and are known for their promising applications in the fields of soft robotics, pressure sensors etc. However, these aerogels are generally fragile and/or easily deformable, which limits their applications. Here, we report a synthesis strategy for fabricating highly compressible and fatigue-resistant aerogels by assembling interconnected carbon tubes. The carbon tube aerogels demonstrate near-zero Poisson's ratio, exhibit a maximum strength over 20 MPa and a completely recoverable strain up to 99%. They show high fatigue resistance (less than 1.5% permanent degradation after 1000 cycles at 99% strain) and are thermally stable up to 2500 °C in an Ar atmosphere. Additionally, they possess tunable conductivity and electromagnetic shielding. The combined mechanical and multi-functional properties offer an attractive material for the use in harsh environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China
| | - De Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China
| | - Jijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China
| | - Pengfei Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Su
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuanbin Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China
| | - Liang Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China
| | - Min Niu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China
| | - Kang Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China.
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Peng K, Wang Y, Liu F, Wan P, Wang H, Niu M, Su L, Zhuang L, Qin Y. Hierarchical SiC-Graphene Composite Aerogel-Supported Ni-Mo-S Nanosheets for Efficient pH-Universal Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37257120 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
MoS2 exhibits good prospects in electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Whereas, the electrocatalytic property of MoS2 is restrained by its insufficient active sites, low electrical conductivity, and slow water dissociation processes. Herein, an aerogel composed of silicon carbide (SiC) and graphene (SiCnw-RGO) was constructed by growing SiC nanowires (SiCnw) in the graphene aerogel (RGO) via the CVD method, and then Ni-Mo-S nanosheets were hydrothermally synthesized on the SiCnw-RGO composite aerogel to develop an efficient pH-universal electrocatalyst. Ni-Mo-S nanosheets supported on SiCnw-RGO (Ni-Mo-S@SiCnw-RGO) exhibit an interesting hierarchical three-dimensional interconnected structure of composite aerogel. The optimal Ni-Mo-S@SiCnw-RGO electrocatalyst exhibits excellent catalytic performance with low Tafel slopes of 60 mV/dec under acidic conditions and 90 mV/dec under alkaline conditions. Density functional theory calculations demonstrate a composite catalyst exhibits advantageous hydrogen adsorption free energy and water dissociation energy barrier. This study provides a reference to design an efficient hierarchical aerogel electrocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yihan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Fuzhu Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Pengfei Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Hongjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Min Niu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Lei Su
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Lei Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yuanbin Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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Liu F, He C, Jiang Y, Feng J, Li L, Tang G, Feng J. Ultralight Ceramic Fiber Aerogel for High-Temperature Thermal Superinsulation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1305. [PMID: 37110890 PMCID: PMC10143725 DOI: 10.3390/nano13081305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Emerging fiber aerogels with excellent mechanical properties are considered as promising thermal insulation materials. However, their applications in extreme environments are hindered by unsatisfactory high-temperature thermal insulation properties resulting from severely increased radiative heat transfer. Here, numerical simulations are innovatively employed for structural design of fiber aerogels, demonstrating that adding SiC opacifiers to directionally arranged ZrO2 fiber aerogels (SZFAs) can substantially reduce high-temperature thermal conductivity. As expected, SZFAs obtained by directional freeze-drying technique demonstrate far superior high-temperature thermal insulation performance over existing ZrO2-based fiber aerogels, with a thermal conductivity of only 0.0663 W·m-1·K-1 at 1000 °C. Furthermore, SZFAs also exhibit excellent comprehensive properties, including ultralow density (6.24-37.25 mg·cm-3), superior elasticity (500 compression cycles at 60% strain) and outstanding heat resistance (up to 1200 °C). The birth of SZFAs provides theoretical guidance and simple construction methods for the fabrication of fiber aerogels with excellent high-temperature thermal insulation properties used for extreme conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqi Liu
- Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, College of Aerospace Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China; (F.L.); (J.F.)
| | - Chenbo He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Yonggang Jiang
- Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, College of Aerospace Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China; (F.L.); (J.F.)
| | - Junzong Feng
- Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, College of Aerospace Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China; (F.L.); (J.F.)
| | - Liangjun Li
- Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, College of Aerospace Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China; (F.L.); (J.F.)
| | - Guihua Tang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Jian Feng
- Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, College of Aerospace Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China; (F.L.); (J.F.)
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Zhang J, Zhang X, Wang L, Zhang J, Liu R, Sun Q, Ye X, Ma X. Fabrication and Applications of Ceramic-Based Nanofiber Materials Service in High-Temperature Harsh Conditions—A Review. Gels 2023; 9:gels9030208. [PMID: 36975658 PMCID: PMC10048250 DOI: 10.3390/gels9030208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceramic-based nanofiber materials have attracted attention due to their high-temperature resistance, oxidation resistance, chemical stability, and excellent mechanical performance, such as flexibility, tensile, and compression, which endow them with promising application prospects for filtration, water treatment, sound insulation, thermal insulation, etc. According to the above advantages, we, therefore, reviewed the ceramic-based nanofiber materials from the perspectives of components, microstructure, and applications to provide a systematical introduction to ceramic-based nanofiber materials as so-called blankets or aerogels, as well as their applications for thermal insulation, catalysis, and water treatment. We hope that this review will provide some necessary suggestions for further research on ceramic-based nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Nantong Sanzer Precision Ceramics Co., Ltd., Nantong 226001, China
| | - Lifeng Wang
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Junxiong Zhang
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (R.L.)
| | - Rong Liu
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (R.L.)
| | - Qilong Sun
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Xinli Ye
- School of Civil Aviation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Xiaomin Ma
- National Equipment New Materials and Technology (Jiangsu) Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215101, China
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Ji Q, Zhang L, Jiao X, Chen D. Alpha Al 2O 3 Nanosheet-Based Biphasic Aerogels with High-Temperature Resistance up to 1600 °C. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:6848-6858. [PMID: 36693011 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c20272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Alumina aerogels are desirable for lightweight and highly efficient thermal insulation. However, they are typically constrained by brittleness and structural collapse at high temperatures. The manufacture of alumina aerogels with ultralow thermal conductivity and excellent thermal stability at high temperatures beyond 1300 °C is still challenging. Herein, alumina aerogels with superior ultrahigh-temperature-resistant and thermal insulation were successfully prepared by assembling the α-Al2O3 nanosheets with silica sols as the high-temperature binders. Benefiting from the generation of the mullite-covered alumina biphasic structure, the α-Al2O3 nanosheet-based aerogels (ANSAs) exhibit excellent thermal and chemical stabilities even after calcination at as high as 1600 °C. The ANSAs had a low thermal conductivity (0.029 W·m-1·K-1 at room temperature), structural stability with a measured compressive strength of 0.6 MPa, and good thermal shock resistance. Furthermore, the 2D α-alumina@mullite core-shell sheets were also prepared as assembly units to construct aerogels (AMSAs). This core-shell structure can improve temperature resistance through inter-lattice suppression under continuous energy input at high temperatures. The AMSAs have a linear shrinkage of only 2.7% after calcination at 1600 °C for 30 min, further improving the temperature resistance, making them an ideal super-insulating material for applications at extremely high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyan Ji
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P.R. China
| | - Xiuling Jiao
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P.R. China
| | - Dairong Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P.R. China
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Gómez-Palos I, Vazquez-Pufleau M, Valilla J, Ridruejo Á, Tourret D, Vilatela JJ. Ultrafast synthesis of SiC nanowire webs by floating catalysts rationalised through in situ measurements and thermodynamic calculations. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:18175-18183. [PMID: 36453723 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr06016g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This work presents the synthesis of SiC nanowires floating in a gas stream through the vapour-liquid-solid (VLS) mechanism using an aerosol of catalyst nanoparticles. These conditions lead to ultrafast growth at 8.5 μm s-1 (maximum of 50 μm s-1), which is up to 3 orders of magnitude above conventional substrate-based chemical vapour deposition. The high aspect ratio of the nanowires (up to 2200) favours their entanglement and the formation of freestanding network materials consisting entirely of SiCNWs. The floating catalyst chemical vapour deposition growth process is rationalised through in situ sampling of reaction products and catalyst aerosol from the gas phase, and thermodynamic calculations of the bulk ternary Si-C-Fe phase diagram. The phase diagram suggests a description of the mechanistic path for the selective growth of SiCNWs, consistent with the observation that no other types of nanowires (Si or C) are grown by the catalyst. SiCNW growth occurs at 1130 °C, close to the calculated eutectic. According to the calculated phase diagram, upon addition of Si and C, the Fe-rich liquid segregates a carbon shell, and later enrichment of the liquid in Si leads to the formation of SiC. The exceptionally fast growth rate relative to substrate-based processes is attributed to the increased availability of precursors for incorporation into the catalyst due to the high collision rate inherent to this new synthesis mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Gómez-Palos
- IMDEA Materials, Madrid, 28906, Spain.
- Department of Materials Science, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, E.T.S. de Ingenieros de Caminos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Jorge Valilla
- IMDEA Materials, Madrid, 28906, Spain.
- Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganes, Spain
| | - Álvaro Ridruejo
- Department of Materials Science, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, E.T.S. de Ingenieros de Caminos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Lu D, Zhuang L, Zhang J, Su L, Niu M, Yang Y, Xu L, Guo P, Cai Z, Li M, Peng K, Wang H. Lightweight and Strong Ceramic Network with Exceptional Damage Tolerance. ACS NANO 2022; 17:1166-1173. [PMID: 36521017 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c08679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Lightweight materials such as porous ceramics have attracted increasing attention for applications in energy conservation, aerospace and automobile industries. However, porous ceramics are usually weak and brittle; in particular, tiny defects could cause catastrophic failure, which affects their reliability and limits the potential use greatly. Here we report a SiC/SiO2 nanowire network constructed from numerous well-bonded SiC nanowires coated by a biphasic structure consisting of amorphous SiO2 and nanocrystal SiC. The as-obtained SiC/SiO2 nanowire network is lightweight (360 ± 10 mg cm-3), mechanically strong (compressive strength of 16 MPa), and damage-tolerant. The high strength of the network is attributed to the biphasic mixed structure of the binding coating which can restrict the deformation of nanowires upon compression. The lightweight and strong SiC/SiO2 nanowire network shows potential for engineering applications in harsh environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- De Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsXi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Lei Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsXi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Jijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsXi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Lei Su
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsXi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Min Niu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsXi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Yuhang Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsXi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Liang Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsXi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Pengfei Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsXi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Zhixin Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsXi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Mingzhu Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsXi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Kang Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsXi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Hongjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsXi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
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12
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Song L, Zhang F, Chen Y, Guan L, Zhu Y, Chen M, Wang H, Putra BR, Zhang R, Fan B. Multifunctional SiC@SiO 2 Nanofiber Aerogel with Ultrabroadband Electromagnetic Wave Absorption. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2022; 14:152. [PMID: 35900619 PMCID: PMC9334492 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-00905-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Traditional ceramic materials are generally brittle and not flexible with high production costs, which seriously hinders their practical applications. Multifunctional nanofiber ceramic aerogels are highly desirable for applications in extreme environments, however, the integration of multiple functions in their preparation is extremely challenging. To tackle these challenges, we fabricated a multifunctional SiC@SiO2 nanofiber aerogel (SiC@SiO2 NFA) with a three-dimensional (3D) porous cross-linked structure through a simple chemical vapor deposition method and subsequent heat-treatment process. The as-prepared SiC@SiO2 NFA exhibits an ultralow density (~ 11 mg cm- 3), ultra-elastic, fatigue-resistant and refractory performance, high temperature thermal stability, thermal insulation properties, and significant strain-dependent piezoresistive sensing behavior. Furthermore, the SiC@SiO2 NFA shows a superior electromagnetic wave absorption performance with a minimum refection loss (RLmin) value of - 50.36 dB and a maximum effective absorption bandwidth (EABmax) of 8.6 GHz. The successful preparation of this multifunctional aerogel material provides a promising prospect for the design and fabrication of the cutting-edge ceramic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limeng Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongqiang Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics, Zhengzhou, 450015, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqiu Zhu
- College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4SB, UK
| | - Mao Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Budi Riza Putra
- Research Center for Metallurgy, National Research and Innovation Agency, South Tangerang, 15315, Banten, Indonesia
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bingbing Fan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Xu H, Li X, Tong Z, Zhang B, Ji H. Thermal Radiation Shielding and Mechanical Strengthening of Mullite Fiber/SiC Nanowire Aerogels Using In Situ Synthesized SiC Nanowires. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15103522. [PMID: 35629551 PMCID: PMC9146078 DOI: 10.3390/ma15103522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Traditional solid nanoparticle aerogels have been unable to meet the requirements of practical application due to their inherent brittleness and poor infrared shielding performance. Herein, combining vacuum impregnation and high-temperature pyrolysis, a novel micro/nano-composite fibrous aerogel was prepared via in situ synthesis of silicon carbide nanowires (SiC NWS) in mullite fiber (MF) preform. During this process, uniformly distributed SiC NWS in the MF preform serve as an enhancement phase and also act as an infrared shielding agent to reduce radiation heat transfer, which can significantly improve the mechanical properties of the mullite fiber/silicon carbide nanowire composite aerogels (MF/SiC NWS). The fabricated MF/SiC NWS exhibited excellent thermal stability (1400 °C), high compressive strength (~0.47 MPa), and outstanding infrared shielding performance (infrared transmittance reduced by ~70%). These superior properties make them appealing for their potential in practical application as high-temperature thermal insulators.
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14
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15
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Yan M, Zhang H, Fu Y, Pan Y, Lun Z, Zhang Z, He P, Cheng X. Implementing an Air Suction Effect Induction Strategy to Create Super Thermally Insulating and Superelastic SiC Aerogels. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2201039. [PMID: 35419970 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202201039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Silicon carbide (SiC) aerogels are promising thermal insulators that are lightweight and possess high thermal stability. However, their application is hindered by their brittleness. Herein, an air suction effect induction (ASEI) strategy is proposed to fabricate a super thermally insulating SiC aerogel (STISA). The ASEI strategy exploits the air suction effect to subtly regulate the directional flow of the SiO gas, which can induce directional growth and assembly of SiC nanowires to form a directional lamellar structure. The sintering time is significantly reduced by >90%. Significant improvements in the compression and elasticity performance of the STISA are achieved upon the formation of a directional lamellar structure through the ASEI strategy. Moreover, the lamellar structure endows the STISA with an ultralow thermal conductivity of 0.019 W m-1 K-1 . The ASEI strategy paves the way for structural design of advanced ceramic aerogels for super thermal insulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyuan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Heping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Yangyang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Yuelei Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyi Lun
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Zhongxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Pan He
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Xudong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China
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16
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Guo P, Su L, Peng K, Lu D, Xu L, Li M, Wang H. Additive Manufacturing of Resilient SiC Nanowire Aerogels. ACS NANO 2022; 16:6625-6633. [PMID: 35404589 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c01039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Resilient ceramic aerogels are emerging as a fascinating material that features light weight, low thermal conductivity, and recoverable compressibility, promising widespread prospects in the fields of heat insulation, catalysis, filtration, and aerospace exploration. However, the construction of the resilient ceramic aerogels with rational designed multiscale architectures aiming for tunable physical and mechanical performances remains a major challenge. Here, 3D constructed resilient SiC nanowire aerogels possessing programmed geometries and engineered mechanical properties are created via additive manufacturing. The Young's modulus of the fabricated SiC nanowire aerogel lattices are tuned systematically from 0.012 MPa to 5.800 MPa spanning over 2 orders of magnitude. More importantly, the customized lightweight and resilient SiC nanowire aerogels show a low thermal conductivity (0.046 W m-1 K-1). The present work provides another approach to the design and rapid fabrication of resilient ceramic aerogels toward flexible thermal management devices, lightweight engineered structures, and other potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Lei Su
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Kang Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - De Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Liang Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Mingzhu Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Hongjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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17
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Influence of Gas-Flow Conditions on the Evolution of Thermally Insulating Si3N4 Nano-Felts. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15031068. [PMID: 35161013 PMCID: PMC8839865 DOI: 10.3390/ma15031068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This paper discusses the role of nitrogen (N2) gas flow conditions on the formation of silicon nitride (Si3N4) nano-felts from polysiloxane-impregnated polyurethane (PU) foams. The polymeric foam was converted into an amorphous silicon oxycarbide (SiOC) artefact during pyrolysis, which was then transformed, at a higher temperature, into a Si3N4 felt through a reaction between the decomposition products of SiOC with N2. The study identified that a N2 flux of ~2.60 cm.min−1 at the cross-section of the furnace (controlled to 100 cm3.min−1 at the inlet of the furnace using a flowmeter) substantially favored the transformation of the parent SiOC foam to Si3N4 felts. This process intensification step significantly reduced the wastage and the energy requirement while considering the material production on a bulk scale. The study also inferred that the cell sizes of the initial PU templates influenced the foam to felt transformation.
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18
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Jia C, Xu Z, Luo D, Xiang H, Zhu M. Flexible Ceramic Fibers: Recent Development in Preparation and Application. ADVANCED FIBER MATERIALS 2022; 4:573-603. [PMID: 35359823 PMCID: PMC8831880 DOI: 10.1007/s42765-022-00133-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Flexible ceramic fibers (FCFs) have been developed for various advanced applications due to their superior mechanical flexibility, high temperature resistance, and excellent chemical stability. In this article, we present an overview on the recent progress of FCFs in terms of materials, fabrication methods, and applications. We begin with a brief introduction to FCFs and the materials for preparation of FCFs. After that, various methods for preparation of FCFs are discussed, including centrifugal spinning, electrospinning, solution blow spinning, self-assembly, chemical vapor deposition, atomic layer deposition, and polymer conversion. Recent applications of FCFs in various fields are further illustrated in detail, including thermal insulation, air filtration, water treatment, sound absorption, electromagnetic wave absorption, battery separator, catalytic application, among others. Finally, some perspectives on the future directions and opportunities for the preparation and application of FCFs are highlighted. We envision that this review will provide readers with some meaningful guidance on the preparation of FCFs and inspire them to explore more potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Jia
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Zhe Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Dianfeng Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Hengxue Xiang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
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19
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Zhang X, Zhang Y, Qu YN, Wu JM, Zhang S, Yang J. Three-Dimensional Reticulated, Spongelike, Resilient Aerogels Assembled by SiC/Si 3N 4 Nanowires. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:4167-4175. [PMID: 34000191 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
For nanofibrous aerogels, a three-dimensional porous structure with interwoven nanofibers as a pore wall has become an urgent demand, and it remains to be a challenge to ensure the mechanical stability and thermal insulation. Other than the reported nanofiber as raw materials to generate three-dimensional cellular nanofibrous aerogels, an alternative low-cost and facile procedure has been proposed here via tactfully utilizing polymer sponge as a template attached with reactive particles, followed by a carbothermal reduction process to realize nanowire growth and their replacement of the original framework. The resulting spongy aerogels with numerous interlaced SiC/Si3N4 nanowires as a skeleton exhibit an ultrahigh porosity of 99.79%. Meanwhile, compressive elasticity after a compression at strain of 35% for 400 cycles, a low thermal conductivity of 23.19 mW/(m K), an excellent absorption capacity of 33.9-95.3 times for varied organic solvents removal, along with flexibility in shape design favored by the initial organic sponge make this nanofibrous aerogel an ideal material for heat shielding, absorption, or catalyst support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhang
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Youfei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ya-Nan Qu
- Railway Engineering Research Institute, China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jia-Min Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shengen Zhang
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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20
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Tong Z, Zhang B, Yu H, Yan X, Xu H, Li X, Ji H. Si 3N 4 Nanofibrous Aerogel with In Situ Growth of SiO x Coating and Nanowires for Oil/Water Separation and Thermal Insulation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:22765-22773. [PMID: 33947180 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c05575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanofibrous aerogels constructed by ceramic fiber components (CNFAs) feature lightweight, compressibility, and high-temperature resistance, which are superior to brittle ceramic aerogels assembled from nanoparticles. Up to now, in order to obtain CNFAs with stable framework and multifunctionality such as hydrophobicity and gas absorption, it is necessary to perform binding and surface modification processes, respectively. However, the microstructure as well as properties of CNFAs are deteriorated by the direct addition of binders and modifiers. To tackle these problems, we introduced a unique low-temperature (100 °C) chemical vapor deposition method (LTCVD) to achieve the cross-linking and hydrophobization of Si3N4 CNFA in only one step. More importantly, during the LTCVD process, SiOx coatings and nanowire arrays were in situ formed via vapor-solid (VS) and vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) mechanisms on the surface and intersection of Si3N4 nanofibers, which cemented the aerogel framework, endowed it with hydrophobicity, and improved its oxidation resistance at high temperature. Compared to most of its counterparts, the Si3N4/SiOx CNFA exhibited better mechanical properties, higher capability of oil/water separation (33-76 g·g-1), lower thermal conductivity (0.0157 W/m·K-1), and superior structural stability in a wide temperature range of -196-1200 °C. This work not only presents an excellent Si3N4/SiOx CNFA for the first time but also provides fresh insights for the exquisite preparation strategy of CNFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongwei Tong
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Baojie Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Huijun Yu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiangjie Yan
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiaolei Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Huiming Ji
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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Niu Y, Li F, Zhao W, Cheng W. Fabrication and application of macroscopic nanowire aerogels. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:7430-7446. [PMID: 33928971 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr09236c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Assembly of nanowires into three-dimensional macroscopic aerogels not only bridges a gap between nanowires and macroscopic bulk materials but also combines the benefits of two worlds: unique structural features of aerogels and unique physical and chemical properties of nanowires, which has triggered significant progress in the design and fabrication of nanowire-based aerogels for a diverse range of practical applications. This article reviews the methods developed for processing nanowires into three-dimensional monolithic aerogels and the applications of the resultant nanowire aerogels in many emerging fields. Detailed discussions are given on gelation mechanisms involved in every preparation method and the pros and cons of the different methods. Furthermore, we systematically scrutinize the application of nanowire-based aerogels in the fields of thermal management, energy storage and conversion, catalysis, adsorbents, sensors, and solar steam generation. The unique benefits offered by nanowire-based aerogels in every application field are clarified. We also discuss how to improve the performance of nanowire-based aerogels in those fields by engineering the compositions and structures of the aerogels. Finally, we provide our perspectives on future development of nanowire-based aerogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Niu
- College of Materials, Xiamen University, 422 Siming South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China.
| | - Fuzhong Li
- College of Materials, Xiamen University, 422 Siming South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China.
| | - Wuxi Zhao
- College of Materials, Xiamen University, 422 Siming South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China.
| | - Wei Cheng
- College of Materials, Xiamen University, 422 Siming South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China. and Fujian Key Laboratory of Materials Genome, Xiamen University, China
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22
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Feng J, Su BL, Xia H, Zhao S, Gao C, Wang L, Ogbeide O, Feng J, Hasan T. Printed aerogels: chemistry, processing, and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:3842-3888. [PMID: 33522550 DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00757a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
As an extraordinarily lightweight and porous functional nanomaterial family, aerogels have attracted considerable interest in academia and industry in recent decades. Despite the application scopes, the modest mechanical durability of aerogels makes their processing and operation challenging, in particular, for situations demanding intricate physical structures. "Bottom-up" additive manufacturing technology has the potential to address this drawback. Indeed, since the first report of 3D printed aerogels in 2015, a new interdisciplinary research area combining aerogel and printing technology has emerged to push the boundaries of structure and performance, further broadening their application scope. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art of printed aerogels and presents a comprehensive view of their developments in the past 5 years, and highlights the key near- and mid-term challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzong Feng
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK.
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23
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Wang B, Li G, Xu L, Liao J, Zhang X. Nanoporous Boron Nitride Aerogel Film and Its Smart Composite with Phase Change Materials. ACS NANO 2020; 14:16590-16599. [PMID: 33044057 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c05931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
With the advent of the 5G era, electronic systems have become more and more powerful, miniaturized, integrated ,and intelligent. The thermal management of electronic systems requires more efficiency and multiple functions for their practical applications, especially for the portable 5G electronic devices of the future, as the undesired heat can cause thermal discomfort or even thermal injury to people who use these electronic devices. Herein, two thermal management strategies based on boron nitride (BN) aerogel films have been proposed and demonstrated for portable devices. First, a flexible BN aerogel film with high porosity (>96%), large specific surface area (up to 982 m2 g-1), and controllable thickness (in the range from 50 to 200 μm) was fabricated via molecular precursor assembly, sublimation drying, and pyrolysis reaction in sequence. The resulting BN aerogel film individuals, serving as a thermal insulation protecting layer in portable electronics, can significantly reduce heat transfer from electronics to skin. Second, BN phase change composite films, made by dipping BN aerogel films into the melts of the organic phase change materials (e.g., paraffin), can effectively cool the portable electronics as the organic phase change materials filled in the aerogel matrix can serve as a smart thermal-regulator to absorb the undesired heat via solid-liquid phase transition. These two typical strategies of the flexible BN aerogel film-directed thermal management could assist in efforts to miniaturize, integrate, and intelligentialize portable 5G electronic devices in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, P.R. China
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - Guangyong Li
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - Liang Xu
- Nanjing Engineering Institute of Aircraft Systems, AVIC/Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aero Electromechanical System Integration, Nanjing 211102, P.R. China
| | - Jianhe Liao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, P.R. China
| | - Xuetong Zhang
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
- Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London NW3 2PF, U.K
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Shahzadi K, Ge X, Sun Y, Chen S, Jiang Y. Fire retardant cellulose aerogel with improved strength and hydrophobic surface by one‐pot method. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Shahzadi
- College of Textile and Clothing Qingdao University Qingdao China
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐based Materials Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation and Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen China
| | - Xuesong Ge
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐based Materials Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yaning Sun
- College of Textile and Clothing Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Shaojuan Chen
- College of Textile and Clothing Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Yijun Jiang
- College of Textile and Clothing Qingdao University Qingdao China
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐based Materials Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao China
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Peng K, Zhou J, Gao H, Wang J, Wang H, Su L, Wan P. Emerging One-/Two-Dimensional Heteronanostructure Integrating SiC Nanowires with MoS 2 Nanosheets for Efficient Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:19519-19529. [PMID: 32255331 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c02046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
MoS2 has emerged as a good application prospect in the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Nevertheless, the catalytic activity of MoS2 is greatly restricted by its inferior electrical conductivity, inadequate exposure of active edge sites, and sluggish water dissociation dynamics. Herein, a 1D/2D heteronanostructure composed of SiC nanowires wrapped with MoS2 nanosheets was prepared via the hydrothermal synthesis of MoS2 on highly connected SiC nanowires (SiCnw). The nanocomposites exhibit an emerging tectorum-like morphology with interface connections of C-Mo bonds, which benefit the efficient interfacial transmission of electrons. Due to the synergetic catalytic effects of MoS2 nanosheets and SiC nanowires, the MoS2/SiCnw nanocomposites possess efficient catalytic performance with a low Tafel slope (55 mV/dec). SiC nanocrystals could reduce the activated water dissociation energy barrier, and the morphologies of connected nanowires could improve the active site exposure and charge transport. The nanocomposites possess favorable hydrogen adsorption free energy from density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The electrocatalytic performance of MoS2/SiCnw nanocomposites could be further improved by assembling the nanocomposites on a carbon fiber paper to enhance the electronic transmission efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jingxuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Hongfei Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Hongjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Lei Su
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Pengfei Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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