1
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Patel P, Benzle K, Pei D, Wang GL. Cell-penetrating peptides for sustainable agriculture. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024:S1360-1385(24)00144-4. [PMID: 38902122 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2024.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are short (typically 5-30 amino acids), cationic, amphipathic, or hydrophobic peptides that facilitate the cellular uptake of diverse cargo molecules by eukaryotic cells via direct translocation or endocytosis across the plasma membrane. CPPs can deliver a variety of bioactive cargos, including proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, and small molecules into the cell. Once inside, the delivered cargo may function in the cytosol, nucleus, or other subcellular compartments. Numerous CPPs have been used for studies and drug delivery in mammalian systems. Although CPPs have many potential uses in plant research and agriculture, the application of CPPs in plants remains limited. Here we review the structures and mechanisms of CPPs and highlight their potential applications for sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Patel
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Kyle Benzle
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Dehua Pei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Guo-Liang Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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2
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Li J, Li Q, Xia S, Tu J, Zheng L, Wang Q, Jiang S, Wang C. Design of MERS-CoV entry inhibitory short peptides based on helix-stabilizing strategies. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 97:129569. [PMID: 38008340 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Interaction between Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) spike (S) protein heptad repeat-1 domain (HR1) and heptad repeat-2 domain (HR2) is critical for the MERS-CoV fusion process. This interaction is mediated by the α-helical region from HR2 and the hydrophobic groove in a central HR1 trimeric coiled coil. We sought to develop a short peptidomimetic to act as a MERS-CoV fusion inhibitor by reproducing the key recognition features of HR2 helix. This was achieved by the use of helix-stabilizing strategies, including substitution with unnatural helix-favoring amino acids, introduction of ion pair interactions, and conjugation of palmitic acid. The resulting 23-mer lipopeptide, termed AEEA-C16, inhibits MERS-CoV S protein-mediated cell-cell fusion at a low micromolar level comparable to that of the 36-mer HR2 peptide HR2P-M2. Collectively, our studies provide new insights into developing short peptide-based antiviral agents to treat MERS-CoV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichun Li
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 26 Yuxiang Street, Shijiazhuang 050018, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Shuai Xia
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH/CAMS, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 131 Dong An Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiahuang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Longbo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Structure-based Drug Design & Discovery of the Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH/CAMS, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 131 Dong An Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shibo Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH/CAMS, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 131 Dong An Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China.
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3
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Abe N, Fujita S, Miyamoto T, Tsuchiya K, Numata K. Plant Mitochondrial-Targeted Gene Delivery by Peptide/DNA Micelles Quantitatively Surface-Modified with Mitochondrial Targeting and Membrane-Penetrating Peptides. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:3657-3665. [PMID: 37385607 PMCID: PMC10428155 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Plant mitochondria play essential roles in metabolism and respiration. Recently, there has been growing interest in mitochondrial transformation for developing crops with commercially valuable traits, such as resistance to environmental stress and shorter fallow periods. Mitochondrial targeting and cell membrane penetration functions are crucial for improving the gene delivery efficiency of mitochondrial transformation. Here, we developed a peptide-based carrier, referred to as Cytcox/KAibA-Mic, that contains multifunctional peptides for efficient transfection into plant mitochondria. We quantified the mitochondrial targeting and cell membrane-penetrating peptide modification rates to control their functions. The modification rates were easily determined from high-performance liquid chromatography chromatograms. Additionally, the gene carrier size remained constant even when the mitochondrial targeting peptide modification rate was altered. Using this gene carrier, we can quantitatively investigate the relationships between various peptide modifications and transfection efficiency and optimize the gene carrier conditions for mitochondrial transfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Abe
- Department
of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Seiya Fujita
- Department
of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Takaaki Miyamoto
- Biomacromolecules
Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable
Resource Science, 2-1
Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan
| | - Kousuke Tsuchiya
- Department
of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Keiji Numata
- Department
of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- Biomacromolecules
Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable
Resource Science, 2-1
Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan
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4
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Kocsisova Z, Coneva V. Strategies for delivery of CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing to obtain edited plants directly without transgene integration. Front Genome Ed 2023; 5:1209586. [PMID: 37545761 PMCID: PMC10398581 DOI: 10.3389/fgeed.2023.1209586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased understanding of plant genetics and the development of powerful and easier-to-use gene editing tools over the past century have revolutionized humankind's ability to deliver precise genotypes in crops. Plant transformation techniques are well developed for making transgenic varieties in certain crops and model organisms, yet reagent delivery and plant regeneration remain key bottlenecks to applying the technology of gene editing to most crops. Typical plant transformation protocols to produce transgenic, genetically modified (GM) varieties rely on transgenes, chemical selection, and tissue culture. Typical protocols to make gene edited (GE) varieties also use transgenes, even though these may be undesirable in the final crop product. In some crops, the transgenes are routinely segregated away during meiosis by performing crosses, and thus only a minor concern. In other crops, particularly those propagated vegetatively, complex hybrids, or crops with long generation times, such crosses are impractical or impossible. This review highlights diverse strategies to deliver CRISPR/Cas gene editing reagents to regenerable plant cells and to recover edited plants without unwanted integration of transgenes. Some examples include delivering DNA-free gene editing reagents such as ribonucleoproteins or mRNA, relying on reagent expression from non-integrated DNA, using novel delivery mechanisms such as viruses or nanoparticles, using unconventional selection methods to avoid integration of transgenes, and/or avoiding tissue culture altogether. These methods are advancing rapidly and already enabling crop scientists to make use of the precision of CRISPR gene editing tools.
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5
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Kumari R, Suman K, Karmakar S, Mishra V, Lakra SG, Saurav GK, Mahto BK. Regulation and safety measures for nanotechnology-based agri-products. Front Genome Ed 2023; 5:1200987. [PMID: 37415849 PMCID: PMC10320728 DOI: 10.3389/fgeed.2023.1200987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a wide range of application for nanotechnology in agriculture, including fertilizers, aquaculture, irrigation, water filtration, animal feed, animal vaccines, food processing, and packaging. In recent decades, nanotechnology emerged as a prospective and promising approach for the advancement of Agri-sector such as pest/disease prevention, fertilizers, agrochemicals, biofertilizers, bio-stimulants, post-harvest storage, pheromones-, and nutrient-delivery, and genetic manipulation in plants for crop improvement by using nanomaterial as a carrier system. Exponential increase in global population has enhanced food demand, so to fulfil the demand markets already included nano-based product likewise nano-encapsulated nutrients/agrochemicals, antimicrobial and packaging of food. For the approval of nano-based product, applicants for a marketing approval must show that such novel items can be used safely without endangering the consumer and environment. Several nations throughout the world have been actively looking at whether their regulatory frameworks are suitable for handling nanotechnologies. As a result, many techniques to regulate nano-based products in agriculture, feed, and food have been used. Here, we have contextualized different regulatory measures of several countries for nano-based products in agriculture, from feed to food, including guidance and legislation for safety assessment worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritika Kumari
- University Department of Botany, Ranchi University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Kalpana Suman
- University Department of Botany, Ranchi University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Swagata Karmakar
- Bioresources and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
- Department of Environmental Studies, Ram Lal Anand College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Vandana Mishra
- Bioresources and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | | | - Gunjan Kumar Saurav
- Department of Zoology, Rajiv Gandhi University, Doimukh, Arunachal Pradesh, India
- Gut Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Binod Kumar Mahto
- University Department of Botany, Ranchi University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
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6
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Liu BR, Chen CW, Huang YW, Lee HJ. Cell-Penetrating Peptides for Use in Development of Transgenic Plants. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083367. [PMID: 37110602 PMCID: PMC10142301 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetically modified plants and crops can contribute to remarkable increase in global food supply, with improved yield and resistance to plant diseases or insect pests. The development of biotechnology introducing exogenous nucleic acids in transgenic plants is important for plant health management. Different genetic engineering methods for DNA delivery, such as biolistic methods, Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation, and other physicochemical methods have been developed to improve translocation across the plasma membrane and cell wall in plants. Recently, the peptide-based gene delivery system, mediated by cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), has been regarded as a promising non-viral tool for efficient and stable gene transfection into both animal and plant cells. CPPs are short peptides with diverse sequences and functionalities, capable of agitating plasma membrane and entering cells. Here, we highlight recent research and ideas on diverse types of CPPs, which have been applied in DNA delivery in plants. Various basic, amphipathic, cyclic, and branched CPPs were designed, and modifications of functional groups were performed to enhance DNA interaction and stabilization in transgenesis. CPPs were able to carry cargoes in either a covalent or noncovalent manner and to internalize CPP/cargo complexes into cells by either direct membrane translocation or endocytosis. Importantly, subcellular targets of CPP-mediated nucleic acid delivery were reviewed. CPPs offer transfection strategies and influence transgene expression at subcellular localizations, such as in plastids, mitochondria, and the nucleus. In summary, the technology of CPP-mediated gene delivery provides a potent and useful tool to genetically modified plants and crops of the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betty Revon Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Wei Chen
- Department of Life Science, College of Science and Engineering, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974301, Taiwan
| | - Yue-Wern Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts, Sciences, and Education, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA
| | - Han-Jung Lee
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, College of Environmental Studies and Oceanography, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974301, Taiwan
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7
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Tonosaki K, Fujimoto R, Dennis ES, Raboy V, Osabe K. Will epigenetics be a key player in crop breeding? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:958350. [PMID: 36247549 PMCID: PMC9562705 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.958350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
If food and feed production are to keep up with world demand in the face of climate change, continued progress in understanding and utilizing both genetic and epigenetic sources of crop variation is necessary. Progress in plant breeding has traditionally been thought to be due to selection for spontaneous DNA sequence mutations that impart desirable phenotypes. These spontaneous mutations can expand phenotypic diversity, from which breeders can select agronomically useful traits. However, it has become clear that phenotypic diversity can be generated even when the genome sequence is unaltered. Epigenetic gene regulation is a mechanism by which genome expression is regulated without altering the DNA sequence. With the development of high throughput DNA sequencers, it has become possible to analyze the epigenetic state of the whole genome, which is termed the epigenome. These techniques enable us to identify spontaneous epigenetic mutations (epimutations) with high throughput and identify the epimutations that lead to increased phenotypic diversity. These epimutations can create new phenotypes and the causative epimutations can be inherited over generations. There is evidence of selected agronomic traits being conditioned by heritable epimutations, and breeders may have historically selected for epiallele-conditioned agronomic traits. These results imply that not only DNA sequence diversity, but the diversity of epigenetic states can contribute to increased phenotypic diversity. However, since the modes of induction and transmission of epialleles and their stability differ from that of genetic alleles, the importance of inheritance as classically defined also differs. For example, there may be a difference between the types of epigenetic inheritance important to crop breeding and crop production. The former may depend more on longer-term inheritance whereas the latter may simply take advantage of shorter-term phenomena. With the advances in our understanding of epigenetics, epigenetics may bring new perspectives for crop improvement, such as the use of epigenetic variation or epigenome editing in breeding. In this review, we will introduce the role of epigenetic variation in plant breeding, largely focusing on DNA methylation, and conclude by asking to what extent new knowledge of epigenetics in crop breeding has led to documented cases of its successful use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaoru Tonosaki
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ryo Fujimoto
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Elizabeth S. Dennis
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Victor Raboy
- Independent Researcher Portland, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Kenji Osabe
- Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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8
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Zou J, Zhou M, Xiao X, Liu R. Advance in Hybrid Peptides Synthesis. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200575. [PMID: 35978269 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid peptides with heterogeneous backbone are a class of peptide mimics with adjustable proteolytic stability obtained from incorporating unnatural amino acid residues into peptide backbone. α/β-peptides and peptide/peptoid hybrids are two types of hybrid peptides that are widely studied for diverse applications, and several synthetic methods have been developed. In this mini review, the advance in hybrid peptide synthesis is summarized, including solution-phase method, solid-phase method, and novel polymerization method. Conventional solution-phase method and solid-phase method generally result in oligomers with defined sequences, while polymerization methods have advantages in preparing peptide hybrid polymers with high molecular weight with simple operation and low cost. In addition, the future development of polymerization method to realize the control of the peptide hybrid polymer sequence is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingcheng Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Ximian Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Runhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.,Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
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9
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Miyamoto T, Tsuchiya K, Toyooka K, Goto Y, Tateishi A, Numata K. Relaxation of the Plant Cell Wall Barrier via Zwitterionic Liquid Pretreatment for Micelle-Complex-Mediated DNA Delivery to Specific Plant Organelles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204234. [PMID: 35670289 PMCID: PMC9401069 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Targeted delivery of genes to specific plant organelles is a key challenge for fundamental plant science, plant bioengineering, and agronomic applications. Nanoscale carriers have attracted interest as a promising tool for organelle‐targeted DNA delivery in plants. However, nanocarrier‐mediated DNA delivery in plants is severely hampered by the barrier of the plant cell wall, resulting in insufficient delivery efficiency. Herein, we propose a unique strategy that synergistically combines a cell wall‐loosening zwitterionic liquid (ZIL) with a peptide‐displaying micelle complex for organelle‐specific DNA delivery in plants. We demonstrated that ZIL pretreatment can enhance cell wall permeability without cytotoxicity, allowing micelle complexes to translocate across the cell wall and carry DNA cargo into specific plant organelles, such as nuclei and chloroplasts, with significantly augmented efficiency. Our work offers a novel concept to overcome the plant cell wall barrier for nanocarrier‐mediated cargo delivery to specific organelles in living plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Miyamoto
- Biomacromolecules Research TeamRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceSaitama351-0198Japan
| | - Kousuke Tsuchiya
- Department of Material ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-kuKyoto615-8510Japan
| | - Kiminori Toyooka
- Technology Platform DivisionMass Spectrometry and Microscopy UnitRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceYokohama230-0045Japan
| | - Yumi Goto
- Technology Platform DivisionMass Spectrometry and Microscopy UnitRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceYokohama230-0045Japan
| | - Ayaka Tateishi
- Department of Material ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-kuKyoto615-8510Japan
| | - Keiji Numata
- Biomacromolecules Research TeamRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceSaitama351-0198Japan
- Department of Material ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-kuKyoto615-8510Japan
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10
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Miyamoto T, Tsuchiya K, Toyooka K, Goto Y, Tateishi A, Numata K. Relaxation of the Plant Cell Wall Barrier via Zwitterionic Liquid Pretreatment for Micelle‐Complex‐Mediated DNA Delivery to Specific Plant Organelles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Miyamoto
- Biomacromolecules Research Team RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Kousuke Tsuchiya
- Department of Material Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Kiminori Toyooka
- Technology Platform Division Mass Spectrometry and Microscopy Unit RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science Yokohama 230-0045 Japan
| | - Yumi Goto
- Technology Platform Division Mass Spectrometry and Microscopy Unit RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science Yokohama 230-0045 Japan
| | - Ayaka Tateishi
- Department of Material Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Keiji Numata
- Biomacromolecules Research Team RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science Saitama 351-0198 Japan
- Department of Material Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
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11
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Hameed A, Orczyk W. Nanoscale Carriers for Enhanced Delivery of Nucleotide- and Peptide-
Reagents to Plants. Protein Pept Lett 2022; 29:281-283. [DOI: 10.2174/0929866529666220225101218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hameed
- Akhuwat-Faisalabad Institute of Research Science and Technology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870, Błonie, Poland
| | - Wacław Orczyk
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870, Błonie, Poland
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12
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Thagun C, Horii Y, Mori M, Fujita S, Ohtani M, Tsuchiya K, Kodama Y, Odahara M, Numata K. Non-transgenic Gene Modulation via Spray Delivery of Nucleic Acid/Peptide Complexes into Plant Nuclei and Chloroplasts. ACS NANO 2022; 16:3506-3521. [PMID: 35195009 PMCID: PMC8945396 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c07723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Genetic engineering of economically important traits in plants is an effective way to improve global welfare. However, introducing foreign DNA molecules into plant genomes to create genetically engineered plants not only requires a lengthy testing period and high developmental costs but also is not well-accepted by the public due to safety concerns about its effects on human and animal health and the environment. Here, we present a high-throughput nucleic acids delivery platform for plants using peptide nanocarriers applied to the leaf surface by spraying. The translocation of sub-micrometer-scale nucleic acid/peptide complexes upon spraying varied depending on the physicochemical characteristics of the peptides and was controlled by a stomata-dependent-uptake mechanism in plant cells. We observed efficient delivery of DNA molecules into plants using cell-penetrating peptide (CPP)-based foliar spraying. Moreover, using foliar spraying, we successfully performed gene silencing by introducing small interfering RNA molecules in plant nuclei via siRNA-CPP complexes and, more importantly, in chloroplasts via our CPP/chloroplast-targeting peptide-mediated delivery system. This technology enables effective nontransgenic engineering of economically important plant traits in agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chonprakun Thagun
- Department
of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yoko Horii
- Biomacromolecules
Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable
Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Maai Mori
- Biomacromolecules
Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable
Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Seiya Fujita
- Department
of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Misato Ohtani
- Department
of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Kousuke Tsuchiya
- Department
of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- Biomacromolecules
Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable
Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kodama
- Biomacromolecules
Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable
Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Center
for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya
University, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan
| | - Masaki Odahara
- Biomacromolecules
Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable
Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- (Ma.O.)
| | - Keiji Numata
- Department
of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- Biomacromolecules
Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable
Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- (K.N.)
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13
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Gimenez-Dejoz J, Numata K. Molecular dynamics study of the internalization of cell-penetrating peptides containing unnatural amino acids across membranes. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:397-407. [PMID: 36132688 PMCID: PMC9419563 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00674f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Peptide-based delivery systems that deliver target molecules into cells have been gaining traction. These systems need cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), which have the remarkable ability to penetrate into biological membranes and help internalize different cargoes into cells through the cell membranes. The molecular internalization mechanism and structure-function relationships of CPPs are not clear, although the incorporation of nonproteinogenic amino acids such as α-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) has been reported to increase their helicity, biostability and penetration efficiencies. Here, we used molecular dynamics to study two Aib-containing CPPs, poly(LysAibAla)3 (KAibA) and poly(LysAibGly)3 (KAibG), that previously showed high cell internalization efficiency. KAibA and KAibG displayed the lowest internalization energies among the studied CPPs, showing distinct internalization mechanisms depending on the lipid composition of the model membranes. The presence of Aib residues allows these CPPs to adopt amphipathic folding to efficiently penetrate through the membranes. Elucidating how Aib incorporation affects CPP-membrane binding and interactions is beneficial for the design of CPPs for efficient intracellular delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Gimenez-Dejoz
- Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science Saitama Japan
| | - Keiji Numata
- Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science Saitama Japan
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
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14
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Rosa S, Pesaresi P, Mizzotti C, Bulone V, Mezzetti B, Baraldi E, Masiero S. Game-changing alternatives to conventional fungicides: small RNAs and short peptides. Trends Biotechnol 2021; 40:320-337. [PMID: 34489105 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Fungicide use is one of the core elements of intensive agriculture because it is necessary to fight pathogens that would otherwise cause large production losses. Oomycete and fungal pathogens are kept under control using several active compounds, some of which are predicted to be banned in the near future owing to serious concerns about their impact on the environment, non-targeted organisms, and human health. To avoid detrimental repercussions for food security, it is essential to develop new biomolecules that control existing and emerging pathogens but are innocuous to human health and the environment. This review presents and discusses the use of novel low-risk biological compounds based on small RNAs and short peptides that are attractive alternatives to current contentious fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Rosa
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, I-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Paolo Pesaresi
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, I-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Mizzotti
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, I-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Vincent Bulone
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia; Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bruno Mezzetti
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, I-60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Elena Baraldi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Simona Masiero
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, I-20133, Milano, Italy.
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15
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Fujita S, Tsuchiya K, Numata K. All-Peptide-Based Polyion Complex Vesicles: Facile Preparation and Encapsulation of the Protein in Active Form. ACS POLYMERS AU 2021; 1:30-38. [PMID: 36855555 PMCID: PMC9954412 DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.1c00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The polyion complex vesicle (PICsome) is a promising platform for bioactive molecule delivery as well as nanoreactor systems. In addition to anionic and cationic charged blocks, a hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) block is mostly employed for PICsome formation; however, the long-term safety of the PEG component in vivo is yet to be clarified. In this study, we developed novel PEG-free PICsome comprising all peptide components. Instead of the PEG block, we selected the sarcosine (Sar) oligomer as a hydrophilic block and fused it with anionic oligo(l-glutamic acid). Mixing the Sar-containing anionic peptide with cationic oligo(l-lysine) resulted in the formation of stable vesicles. The peptide-based PICsome was able to encapsulate a model protein in its hollow structure. After modification of the surface with a cell-penetrating peptide, the protein-encapsulated PICsome was successfully delivered into plant cells, indicating its promised for application as a biocompatible carrier for protein delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiya Fujita
- Department
of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kousuke Tsuchiya
- Department
of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan,
| | - Keiji Numata
- Department
of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan,Biomacromolecules
Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable
Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan,
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16
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Misra R, Rudnick-Glick S, Adler-Abramovich L. From Folding to Assembly: Functional Supramolecular Architectures of Peptides Comprised of Non-Canonical Amino Acids. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2100090. [PMID: 34142442 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The engineering of biological molecules is the fundamental concept behind the design of complex materials with desirable functions. Over the last few decades, peptides and proteins have emerged as useful building blocks for well-defined nanostructures with controlled size and dimensions. Short peptides in particular have received much attention due to their inherent biocompatibility, lower synthetic cost, and ease of tunability. In addition to the diverse self-assembling properties of short peptides comprising coded amino acids and their emerging applications in nanotechnology, there is now growing interest in the properties of peptides composed of non-canonical amino acids. Such non-natural oligomers have been shown in recent years to form well-defined secondary structures similar to natural proteins, with the ability to self-assemble to generate a wide variety of nanostructures with excellent biostability. This review describes recent events in the development of supramolecular assemblies of peptides composed completely of non-coded amino acids and their hybrid analogues. Special attention is paid to understanding the supramolecular assemblies at the atomic level and to considering their potential applications in nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajkumar Misra
- Department of Oral Biology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Safra Rudnick-Glick
- Department of Oral Biology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Lihi Adler-Abramovich
- Department of Oral Biology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
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17
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Terada K, Gimenez-Dejoz J, Kurita T, Oikawa K, Uji H, Tsuchiya K, Numata K. Synthetic Mitochondria-Targeting Peptides Incorporating α-Aminoisobutyric Acid with a Stable Amphiphilic Helix Conformation in Plant Cells. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:1475-1484. [PMID: 33606492 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the genetic modification of plant cells, the mitochondrion is an important target in addition to the nucleus and plastid. However, gene delivery into the mitochondria of plant cells has yet to be established by conventional methods, such as particle bombardment, because of the small size and high mobility of mitochondria. To develop an efficient mitochondria-targeting signal (MTS) that functions in plant cells, we designed the artificial peptide (LURL)3 and its analogues, which periodically feature hydrophobic α-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib, U) and cationic arginine (R), considering the consensus motif recognized by the mitochondrial import receptor Tom20. Circular dichroism measurements and molecular dynamics simulation studies revealed that (LURL)3 had a propensity to form a stable α-helix in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution containing 1.0 wt % sodium dodecyl sulfate. After internalization into plant cells via particle bombardment, (LURL)3 revealed highly selective accumulation in the mitochondria, whereas its analogue (LARL)3 was predominantly located in the vacuoles in addition to mitochondria. The high selectivity of (LURL)3 can be attributed to the incorporation of Aib, which promotes the hydrophobic interaction between the MTS and Tom20 by increasing the hydrophobicity and helicity of (LURL)3. The present study provided a prospective mitochondrial targeting system using the simple design of artificial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayo Terada
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto Daigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Joan Gimenez-Dejoz
- Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Taichi Kurita
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto Daigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kazusato Oikawa
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto Daigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Uji
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto Daigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kousuke Tsuchiya
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto Daigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Keiji Numata
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto Daigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.,Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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18
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Miyamoto T, Tsuchiya K, Numata K. Endosome-escaping micelle complexes dually equipped with cell-penetrating and endosome-disrupting peptides for efficient DNA delivery into intact plants. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:5679-5692. [PMID: 33595040 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr08183c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The delivery of DNA to plants is crucial for enhancing their ability to produce valuable compounds and adapt to climate change. Peptides can provide a versatile tool for delivering DNA to a specific target organelle in various plant species without the use of specialized equipment. However, peptide-mediated DNA delivery suffers from endosomal entrapment and subsequent vacuolar degradation of the DNA cargo, which leads to poor transfection efficiency. To overcome the lack of a reliable approach for bypassing vacuolar degradation in plants, we herein present an endosome-escaping micelle. The micelle surface is dually modified with cell-penetrating (CPP) and endosome-disrupting peptides (EDP) and the core is composed of plasmid DNA condensed with cationic peptides. Due to the functions of CPP and EDP, the dual peptide-modified micelles efficiently undergo endocytic internalization and escape from endosomes to the cytosol, thereby achieving significantly enhanced transfection of intact plants with negligible cytotoxicity. The present study offers a robust strategy for efficient intracellular DNA delivery to plants without vacuolar degradation, and can facilitate plant bioengineering for diverse biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Miyamoto
- Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
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19
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Yilmaz N, Kodama Y, Numata K. Lipid Membrane Interaction of Peptide/DNA Complexes Designed for Gene Delivery. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:1882-1893. [PMID: 33440939 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c03320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Among gene delivery systems, peptide-based gene carriers have received significant attention because of their selectivity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Since cellular membranes function as a barrier toward exogenous molecules, cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), which are usually cationic and/or amphiphilic, can serve as efficient carriers to deliver cargo into the cytosol. Here, we examined the interactions of carrier peptides and their DNA complexes with lipid membranes using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and high-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM). The carrier peptides are a 12-residue partial presequence of yeast cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV (Cytcox) and BP100, which are a mitochondria-targeting signal peptide and a CPP, respectively. QCM data showed that BP100 has a higher binding affinity than Cytcox to both plasma membrane- and mitochondrial membrane-mimicking lipid bilayers. The DNA complexes with either Cytcox or BP100 exhibited the same tendency. Furthermore, HS-AFM data demonstrated that the DNA complexes of either peptide can disrupt the lipid membranes, forming larger pores in the case of Cytcox. Our results suggest that the binding affinity of the peptide/DNA complex to the plasma membrane is more critical than its membrane disruption ability in enhancing the cellular uptake of DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neval Yilmaz
- Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kodama
- Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Center for Bioscience Research & Education, Utsunomiya University, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan
| | - Keiji Numata
- Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Laboratory for Biomaterial Chemistry, Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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20
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Fujita S, Motoda Y, Kigawa T, Tsuchiya K, Numata K. Peptide-Based Polyion Complex Vesicles That Deliver Enzymes into Intact Plants To Provide Antibiotic Resistance without Genetic Modification. Biomacromolecules 2020; 22:1080-1090. [PMID: 33316156 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Direct delivery of enzymes into intact plants using cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) is an attractive approach for modifying plant functions without genetic modification. However, by conventional methods, it is difficult to maintain the enzyme activity for a long time because of proteolysis of the enzymes under physiological conditions. Here, we developed a novel enzyme delivery system using polyion complex vesicles (PICsomes) to protect the enzyme from proteases. We created PICsome-bearing reactive groups at the surface by mixing an anionic block copolymer, alkyne-TEG-P(Lys-COOH), and a cationic peptide, P(Lys). The PICsome encapsulated neomycin phosphotransferase II (NPTII), a kanamycin resistance enzyme, and protected NPTII from proteases in vitro. A CPP-modified PICsome delivered NPTII into the root hair cells of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings and provided kanamycin resistance in the seedlings that lasted for 7 days. Thus, the PICsome-mediated enzyme delivery system is a promising method for imparting long-term transient traits to plants without genetic modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiya Fujita
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yoko Motoda
- Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takanori Kigawa
- RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Laboratory for Cellular Structural Biology, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kousuke Tsuchiya
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Keiji Numata
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.,Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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21
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Arya SS, Rookes JE, Cahill DM, Lenka SK. Next-generation metabolic engineering approaches towards development of plant cell suspension cultures as specialized metabolite producing biofactories. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 45:107635. [PMID: 32976930 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Plant cell suspension culture (PCSC) has emerged as a viable technology to produce plant specialized metabolites (PSM). While Taxol® and ginsenoside are two examples of successfully commercialized PCSC-derived PSM, widespread utilization of the PCSC platform has yet to be realized primarily due to a lack of understanding of the molecular genetics of PSM biosynthesis. Recent advances in computational, molecular and synthetic biology tools provide the opportunity to rapidly characterize and harness the specialized metabolic potential of plants. Here, we discuss the prospects of integrating computational modeling, artificial intelligence, and precision genome editing (CRISPR/Cas and its variants) toolboxes to discover the genetic regulators of PSM. We also explore how synthetic biology can be applied to develop metabolically optimized PSM-producing native and heterologous PCSC systems. Taken together, this review provides an interdisciplinary approach to realize and link the potential of next-generation computational and molecular tools to convert PCSC into commercially viable PSM-producing biofactories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar S Arya
- TERI-Deakin Nano Biotechnology Centre, The Energy and Resources Institute, Gurugram, Haryana 122001, India; Deakin University, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Waurn Ponds Campus, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - James E Rookes
- Deakin University, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Waurn Ponds Campus, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - David M Cahill
- Deakin University, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Waurn Ponds Campus, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Sangram K Lenka
- TERI-Deakin Nano Biotechnology Centre, The Energy and Resources Institute, Gurugram, Haryana 122001, India.
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